Religions in Indonesia
Islam – 86.1%. Protestant – 5.7%. Roman Catholic – 3%. Hindu – 1.8%. Buddhism – 1% Others – 1%
(Indonesia is the 4th largest country in the world)
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4/20/09
What is ISLAM?
Islam means peace, safe, or submission. It is a monotheistic Abrahamic religion, like Judaism and Christianity. Muslims believe that God revealed Al-‐Qur’an to one of the prophets, Muhammad SAW, by the angel Gabriel.
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What is ALLAH?
ALLAH is an Arabic word meaning GOD. The core concept in ISLAM is Tauhid, meaning: “there is only one God”. The term ALLAH is also used by Arab speakers of Abrahamic faiths, including, Christians and Jews. Islam teaches that Allah is the same God worshipped by all Abrahamic religions including Christianity and Judaism.
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Who is MUHAMMAD?
Muhammad is seen as one of the God’s prophets and messengers in the Muslim tradition. He was born in Mecca, reformed the society, and restored the faith of Adam, Abraham, and all the previous prophets and messengers.
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What is AL-‐QUR’AN?
It is the central religious text in Islam, the main holy book. Muslims believe that Al-‐ Qur’an is a record of God’s words revealed to Prophet Muhammad. It is written in Arabic, and is intentionally preserved in Arabic to ensure authenticity. Al-‐Qur’an is regarded the height of Arabic literature.
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What is MASJID?
It is also called “MOSQUE”. It is a place of worship for Muslims. People usually pray together led by an Imam in a mosque. It also serves as the center of education, information, and community services.
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5 Pillars of ISLAM (Rukun Islam)
Shahadah – declarations of faith. Salah – prayers 5 times a day. Sawm – fasting during the month of Ramadan. Zakat – alms giving to help the poor. Hajj – pilgrimage to Mecca during the 12th month of Islamic calendar. It is the world’s largest pilgrimage (1.7 million in 2008).
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6 Articles of Belief (Rukun Iman)
Belief in One God. Belief in all God’s Prophets and Messengers. ▪ Including: Adam, Noah, Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, Joseph, Job, Moses, Aaron, David, Solomon, Elijah, Elisha, Jonah, Ezekiel, Zechariah, John the Baptist, Jesus, and Muhammad.
Belief in God’s angels Belief in all God’s scriptures and revelations. ▪ Including: Scrolls of Abraham, Torah, Psalms, Gospel, and Al Qur’an.
Belief in the Judgment Day and Resurrection. Belief in God’s Destiny. 13
What is HALAL?It is an Arabic term to say what is permissible according to Islamic law and custom. It is popularly used in the context of “Muslim diet” called Halal food. ▪ Muslims are not allowed to eat: pork, carrion, blood, alcohol or other intoxicants, animals slaughtered not in the name of God.
The opposite of halal is “HARAM”. 14
Islam & Science
During Islamic Renaissance (The Golden Age of Islam – 8th-‐13th centuries), Islam civilizations produced a lot of artists, scholars, engineers, philosophers, geographers, and traders who made significant contributions to all fields of human knowledge. ▪ Algebra, geometry, algorithms, alchemy, scientific method, astronomy, optics, medicine, etc.
Islamic science played a very significant role in laying the foundations of modern science. 15
Islam & Women
In Islam men and women are equal before God. Islam introduced the idea of marriage as a contract, giving women inheritance rights. Women started to be involved in education since the introduction of Islam. The founder of the world’s oldest extant university (Al-‐Karaouine, Morocco), built in the 9th century, was a Muslim woman Fatima Al-‐Fihri. 16
What is JIHAD?
It is an Arabic word, which means “struggle” to improve oneself and/or society. The greater Jihad is not the physical struggle, but the inner struggle within one’s soul to be a better person . Jihad does NOT mean “holy war”. The Arabic word for war is “kital” or “harb”.
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Statistics of International Terrorist Attacks
Source: US Department of State (http://www.state.gov/
documents/organization/33889.pdf )
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