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Reduction of Environmental Impacts by
Development of Industrial Symbiosis in Japan- Case Studies for Application of Co-production
Technologies in Steel Industries and its Reduction Potential
of Greenhouse Gas Emissions -
Yasunari Matsuno, Ichiro Daigo, Masaru Yamashita
and Yoshihiro Adachi
Department of Material Engineering, Graduate School of
Engineering, The University of Tokyo
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Topics Introduction Backgrounds of this study
What is Co-production technology
Application of Co-production technologiesin Steel industry
Low-temperature Gasification Plant
CO2
Recovery and Utilization System
Results of the case studies
Conclusion
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To maximize energy, resource,
environmental efficiency
Recycle-oriented Society
Kyoto Protocol (Reduction of GHGs)
Industrial symbiosis
Individually optimization
Industry A
Industry B
Industry C
Energy,
Resources
Industry A
Industry B
Industry C
Energy,
Resources
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Example of Industrial symbiosis
Jurong Island, Singapore
To develop Jurong Island into a World-Class Chemicals Hub in the Asia Pacific Region
Oil
Fuel Oil
Recycle Hubvalue chain
cluster
Environment
Final wastesCO2, Exhaust heat
ProductsWastes
Recycled
materials
H2 , Syngas
High press. SteamElec. Power
Fuels
consumer
Environment
consumer
Chemicals
Medici
ne
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Locations of key industries
Steel works
Refineries Petroleum industry
Ethylene plants Petrochemical industry
LNG tanks
Potentials to develop industrial
symbiosis
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FuelsEnergy
Raw materials
Power Generation
Manufacturing Pro.
FuelsEnergy
Raw materials
Wastes
Power Generation
Manufacturing Pro.
Main products
Goods
Electricity
Materials
Large amount of waste heat
(1) Existing System
(2) Co-production SystemMain products
Goods
Electricity
Materials
Little waste heat
Co-products
Fuels
ChemicalsSteam etc.
Newly Energy
Saving Process
What is co-production technology?
- Technologies for Industrial symbiosis
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Industry A
Industry B Industry C
Energy,
Resources
Energy,
Resources
Industry A
Industry B
Industry C
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Goal and scope
To expand system boundary to evaluate total
environmental impacts
To investigate environmental impacts of Co-productiontechnologies (for Industrial symbiosis)
Gasification plant
Dry ice (cryogenic energy ) production plantwith CHP
Steel works
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Methodology
Industries (capacity, location)
Waste heat distribution
D
emand and supply of products, energy
2To conduct LCA for co-production technologies
- CO2
emissions-
1 To investigate where to apply co-production technologies
3To optimize the transport of products by Linear
Planning method
4To investigate total environmental impacts
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Co-production technology
Current technology
11st Stepst Step
To assess the reduction
potential of environmental
impacts by co-production
technology.
To compare with current
technology.
22nd Stepnd Step
To assess the reduction
potential of environmentalimpacts in a industrial cluster
scale.
To investigate the demand and
supply of energy and products.
To develop a model
33rd Steprd Step
To assess the reduction
potential of environmentalimpacts in a regional
(country) scale.
To develop database.
To integrate with other
tools.
Power stations
Fuel gas
Steel plant with co-production process
Electricity
Demand
and SupplyGrid mix
Conventionalprocess
Demand
and Supply
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Where to apply co-production technologies?
- Waste heat distribution in industries in Japan
Waste heat amount Waste heat distribution
Apply Co-productiontechnology to Steel industry
Electricity
SteelChemical
Waste
incin.
9%
Paper pulp
Others
Ceramic
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Waste heat distribution in steel works
7FDO\H
D
Exhaust gas from
Coke oven, BF
GetcCOG
LDG etc
WaterSolid
Gas
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Co-production technology (1)
High-temperature
Waste heat
High efficiency gasification plant withhigh-temperature waste heat (600)
Tar1t
Waste heat
at 873 K
1300 Mcal
Gasification
plant
Gas
Steam
CO/H22
8300Mcal
Methanol
5810 Mcal
Electricity
or
Methanol: easy for storage,
Utilizing waste heat
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ICFG : Internally Circulating Fluidized-bed Gasifier
Synthesis Gas Combustion Gas
GasificationChamber
Char-CombustionChamber
Fluidizing mediumdescending zone Heat Recovery
Chamber
Fluidizing medium &Pyrolysis Residue
(Char, Tar)
Heat TransferTubes
Steam Air
Feedstock
(Fuel or Wastes)
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Co-production technology (2)
Low temperature
waste heatDry Ice (cryogenic energy )
production with CHP (Utilizing
waste heat)
Exhaust gas
recovery
Waste heat at
at 423 K305kcal
Electricity:
0.176 kWh
Dry ice production
process
CHPDI
1kg
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Cooling
Tower
Chemical
Heat
Pump
Flash
tank
Compressor
CO2 gas from
co-production
processes
Liquefied
CO2 tank
High-stage
expander
Dry-Ice
press
Dry-Ice
Gas Cooler Liquefier Sub-cooler
Low-stage
expander
Co-production technology (2)
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LCA for Co-production technologies
Fig. CO2 emission intensity for co-products (kg-CO2/kg)
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Location of steel works in Japan
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Location of methanol consumer in Japan
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Location of steel works and methanol
consumer in Japan
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Total CO2 emissions - Core technology
Fig. CO2 emission intensity of methanol
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Total CO2 emission reduction potential in Japan
CO2 emission reduction potential by co-production technologies:
Methanol: 0.34 ton-CO2/ton-methanol
Dry ice: 0.13 ton-CO2/ton-dry ice
Current demand in Japan:Methanol: 1.8 million ton/y,
Dry ice: 0.24 million ton/y
Total CO2 emission reduction potential in Japan:
Methanol: 0.6 million ton/y
Dry ice: 0.03 million ton/y
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Other possible application of dry ice
Low temperature crushing of PP pellet
PP pellet (3mm diameter)
Microscope of crushed pp pellet(200m/div)
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Low temperature crushing of PP Conventional technology
Low temperature crushing of PP by dry ice
PP pellet
1 kg
Liquefied N29.68 kg
Crushed PP1 kg
PP pellet1 kg
Dry ice3 kg
Crushed PP1 kg
CO2 emissions2.33 kg-CO2
CO2
emissions0.23 kg-CO2
2.10 kg-CO2
Potential demand of crushed PP: 0.017 million ton/y (0.64% of total PP)
CO2 reduction potential: 0.036 million ton-CO2
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Conclusion
Methanol production by co-production technology
(gasification plant) will reduce CO2 emissions by 91%
compared with conventional technology (92% reduction in
production, 90% reduction in transport)
Total CO2 emission reduction potential in Japan by methanol
production : 0.6 million ton-CO2
Dry Ice (cryogenic energy) production by co-production
technology will also reduce CO2 emissions by 64% compared
with conventional technology. Total CO2 emission reductionpotential in Japan is 0.03 million ton-CO2.
Other CO2 reduction potential by applying dry ice is being
investigated, such as low temperature crushing of PP pellet
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Thank you very much for your
attention.
For further information;