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Part1ÀSHURA

Aashura

هباحصأو ( مالسلا هیلع ) نیسحلا ىلع ءاكبلاو ءاروشاع

1 ةنجلا يف اهب هللا هأوب ، هدخ ىلع لیست ىتح ( مالسلا هیلع ) نیسحلا لتقل هانیع تعمد نمؤم امیأ (: مالسلا هیلع ) نیدباعلا نیز مامإلا ـاباقحأ اهنكسی افرغ .1– Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS) said, ‘Every single believer whose eyes shed tears for the

martyrdomofal-Husayn(AS)suchthattheyrollontohischeeks,AllahprepareschambersforhiminParadiseasaresultofthemwhereinhewilldwellforages.’[Thawabal-Aàmal,p.108,no.1]2( مالسلا هیلع ) نیسحلا بدنیل مث : ـ دعب نم ءاروشاع موی ( مالسلا هیلع ) نیسحلا ةرایز ثیدح يف ـ ( مالسلا هیلع ) رقابلا مامإلا ـيزعی فیكف : تلق (… مالسلا هیلع ) نیسحلاب مهباصمب اضعب مهضعب زعیلو … هیلع ءاكبلاب هیقتی ال نمم هراد يف نم رمأیو ، هیكبیودمحم لآ نم يدهملا مامإلا هیلو عم هراثب نیبلاطلا نم مكایإو انلعجو ، نیسحلاب انباصمب انروجا هللا مظعأ : نولوقت : لاق ؟ اضعب انضعب

.((ص2–Imamal-Baqir(AS)inhisdiscourseaboutthevisitation(ziyara)ofal-Husayn(AS)onthedayofAashura,beitfromnearorfar,said,‘Then

lethimmournforal-Husayn(AS)andweepoverhim,andlethimenjoinweepingforhimonothersinhishousewhoarenotinastateofdissimulation,andtheyshouldcondolewitheachotherfortheirbereavementof al-Husayn (AS).…I [i.e. thenarrator] asked, ‘Howshould theycondolewitheachother ’towhichhereplied,‘Theyshouldsay‘MayAllahmakeourrewardgreatforourbereavementofal-Husayn,andplaceusandyouamong thosewhoavengehisbloodwithhis representative, theImamMahdifromthefamilyofMuhammad,peacebeuponthem.’[Misbahal-Mutahajjid,p.772]

3 ةنجلا مهلو هلف ةرشع ىكبأو ىكبف رعش نم اتیب ( مالسلا هیلع ) نیسحلا يف دشنأ نم (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا .ـ3– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Whoever recites a single verse of poetry about al-Husayn (AS),

crying as a result and making ten other people cry, becomes deserving of Paradise and so dothey.’[Thawabal-Aàmal,p.110,no.3]4 هحرف موی ةمایقلا موی لجوزع هللا لعجی ، هئاكبو هنزحو هتبیصم موی ءاروشاع موی ناك نم (: مالسلا هیلع ) اضرلا مامإلا ـ

هرورسو .4–Imamal-Rida(AS)said,‘HeforwhomthedayofAashura’isadayofgrief,sorrowandcrying,

Allah, Mighty and Exalted, will make the Day of Resurrection a day of joy and happiness forhim.’[ÀeIlalal-Share’ià,p.227,no.2]5( مالسلا هیلع ) يبأ ناك …. ماظعلا بونذلا طحی هیلع ءاكبلا نإف ؛ نوكابلا كبیلف نیسحلا لثم ىلعف (: مالسلا هیلع ) اضرلا مامإلا ـموی مویلا كلذ ناك رشاعلا موی ناك اذإف ، مایأ ةرشع يضمت ىتح هیلع بلغت ةبآكلا تناكو ، اكحاض ىری ال مرحملا رهش لخد اذإمالسلا هیلع ) نیسحلا هیف لتق يذلا مویلا وه : لوقیو ، هئاكبو هنزحو هتبیصم ).

5–Imamal-Rida(AS)said,‘LettheweepersweepoversomeonelikeHusayn,forverilyweeping

over him reduces the burden of great sins. Then he continued, saying, ‘As soon as themonth ofMuharram would set in my father (AS) was never seen laughing, and he would be overcome by

melancholyuntilafterthefirsttendayshadpassed.Whenthetenthdaydawned,itwasadayofgriefand sorrow and crying for him, and he used to say, ‘This is the day when al-Husayn (AS) wasmartyred.’[Wasaelal-Shiàah,v.1,p.394,no.8]Àashura’ThetenthdayofMuharram,markingthedateofImamHusayn(AS)’smartyrdomatthe

handsoftheUmayyadsalongwithhisfamilyandcompanionsinKarbalain61A.H(ed.)

Part2THEABASEDPEOPLE فعضتسملا

TheVirtueofAbasedPeople نیفعضتسملا لضف

1 فعضتسملا فیعضلا ؟ هللا دابع ریخب مكربخا الأ ، ربكتملا ظفلا ؟ هللا دابع رشب مكربخا الأ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ1–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘ShallIinformyouoftheworstofAllah’sservants?Itistherude

andarrogantperson.Andshall I informyouof thebestofAllah’s servants? It is theweak,abasedperson.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.5944]2 مكئافعضب نورصنتو نوقزرت امنإف ، ءافعضلا يف ينوغبأ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ2–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Assistmeinseekingouttheweakpeople,forverilyyouaregiven

sustenanceandsuccouronlybecauseofthepresenceoftheweakamongyou.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.6019]3 مهصالخإو مهتالصو مهتوعدب ، اهفیعضب ةمالا هذه هللا رصنی امنإ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ3–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘VerilyAllahgivessuccourtothiscommunityonlyasaresultof[the

presenceof] theweak among them, their supplication, their prayer and their sincerity.’[al-Durr al-Manthur,v.2,p.724]

TheReturnofPowertotheAbasedPeople نیفعضتسملا ةلو

4 دعب مهیدهم هللا ثعبی ، دمحم لآ مه : ـ …« اوفعضتسا نیذلا ىلع نمن نأ دیرنو :» ىلاعت هلوق يف ـ ( مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا ـمهودع لذیو مهزعیف ، مهدهج .

4–ImamAli (AS),withregards to theQur ’anicverse:“Andwedesired toshowfavour to thosewho were abased…” said, ‘This refers to the progeny ofMuhammad. Allah will send them theirrightlyguidedSaviour[theMahdi]aftertheirstruggle,andhewillraisetheirstatusandabasetheirenemy.’[Nural-

SpiritualWeakness يونعملا فاعضتسالا

5 هبلق اهاعوو ه ـ نذا اهتعمسف ةجحلا هتغلب نم ىلع فاعضتسالا مسا عقی ال (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ5– ImamAli (AS)said, ‘The term‘weak’cannotbeapplied to thosewhom thedivineproofhas

reached,whoseearshavehearditandwhoseheartshaveheededit.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Sermon189]6 نامیإلا لیبس يدتهی الو رفكیف رفكلا عیطتسی ال يذلا وه : ـ …« نیفعضتسملا الإ :» ىلاعت هلوق يف ـ ( مالسلا هیلع ) رقابلا مامإلا ـملقلا مهنع عوفرم نایبصلا لوقع لثم ىلع ءاسنلاو لاجرلا نم ناك نمو ، نایبصلا ،و نمؤیف .6– Imam al-Baqir (AS), with regards to the Qur ’anic verse: “Except the ones who are deemed

weak…”, said, ‘This refers toonewho isnot capableofdisbelieving that hemaybe considered adisbeliever,thoughneitherhashebeenguidedthepathoffaiththathemayhavefaith.[Italsorefersto]children,andthosepeoplefromamongmenandwomenwhohaveintellectsofchildrenandwhoarethereforenotaccountablefortheirdeeds.’[Maànial-Akhbar,p.201,no.4]7 فیعضب سیلف فالتخالا فرع اذإف ، فالتخالا فرعی ملو ، ةجح هیلإ عفری مل نم فیعضلا (: مالسلا هیلع ) مظاكلا مامإلا .ـ7–Imamal-Kazim(AS)said,‘The[spiritually]weakpersonisonewhomthedivineproofhasnot

reached, and who would not be able to differentiate [even if it did reach him]. If he is able todifferentiate[betweentruthandfalsehood]therefore,thenheisnotconsideredweak.’[al-Kafi,v.8,p.125,no.95]* al-mustazàafin:peoplewhoareabased,deemedweak,ordowntroddenbyothers.Peoplewho

are spiritually ‘weak’are thosewhoareunableor exempt fromcarryingout religiousobligationsduetomentalorphysicalincapacity(ed.)

Part3THEACCOUNT باسحلا

TheAccount باسحلا

1 لمع هیف سیل باسح موی يف اونوكت نأ كشویو ، هیف باسح الو لمع موی يف مكنإو الأ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ1- The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Truly right now you live the day of action with no accounting

therein,andverysoonyouwilllivethedayofaccountingwithnoactiontherein.’[Aàlamal-Din,no.345]2 باسحلا دعب باوثلا ، باقعلا لبق باسحلا (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ2- ImamAli (AS)said, ‘Accountability [forone’sactions]willcomebefore thepunishment,and

therewardwillcomeaftertheaccount.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.380]

EnjoinmentofAccountingforOne’sSelf سفنلا ةبساحم ىلع ثحلا

3 ربكألا ضرعلل اوزهجتو ، اونزوت نأ لبق اهونزو ، اوبساحت نأ لبق مكسفنأ اوبساح (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ3-TheProphet (SAWA) said, ‘Take account of your selves before you are held to account, and

evaluate them before you are held for evaluation, and prepare yourselves for the GreatestExposure.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.70,p.73,no.26]4 ةفلاخملاب اهوكلماو ، ةبساحملاب مكسفنأ اودیق (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ4-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Restrictyourlowerselvesbyholdingthemaccountableandcontrolthem

byopposingthem.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.6794]5 كمه نم ةبساحملا تناك امو ، كسفن نم ظعاو كل ناك ام ریخب لازت ال كنإ ، مدآ نبا (: مالسلا هیلع ) نیدباعلا نیز مامإلا .ـ5-ImamZaynal-Àabidin(AS)said,‘OsonofAdam!Youwillcontinuetothriveaslongasyou

are the admonisher of your self, and as long as accounting for yourself is one of yourconcerns.’[Tuhafal-Ùqoul,no.280]6 لمع نإو ، هیلع هللا دمحو هنم هللا دازتسا اریخ لمع نإف ، موی لك يف هسفن بساحی مل نم انم سیل (: مالسلا هیلع ) مظاكلا مامإلا ـهیلإ باتو هللا رفغتسا ارش ائیش .6-Imamal-Kazim(AS)said,'Theonewhodoesnottakeaccountofhimselfeverysingledayisnot

oneofus.Andwhenheperformsagooddeed,heshouldaskAllahtoenablehimtodomore,andwhenhecommitsanevildeed,hemustseekAllah’sforgivenessandrepentforit.’[al-Ikhtisas,p.26]

TheFruitofTakingAccountofOneself ةبساحملا ةرمث

7 بویعلا حلصأو ، بونذلا لاقتساو ، هبونذب طاحأو ، هبویع ىلع فقو هسفن بساح نم (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ7-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Hewhotakesaccountofhissoulwillunderstandhisdefectsandknowhis

sins.Hewillrepentforthesinsandamendthedefects.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.8927]8 نمأ فاخ نمو ، رسخ اهنع لفغ نمو ، حبر هسفن بساح نم (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ8-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Hewhotakesaccountofhisselfprofits,hewhoneglectsitisataloss,and

hewhofearswillbesafe.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.70,p.73,no.27]9 دعس هسفن بساح نم (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ9-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Hewhotakesaccountofhisselfprospers.’[Mustadrakal-Wasail,v.12,p.

154,no.13761]

TheFirstThingThatManWillBeAskedAbout ءرملا هنع لأسی ام لوأ

10 تیبلا لهأ انبح دبعلا هنع لأسی ام لوأ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ10-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Thefirstthingthatmanwillbeaskedaboutisourlove,thepeople

oftheHousehold(ahlal-bayt).’[ÙyounAkhbaral-Ridha(AS),v.2,p.62,no.258]11 ةاكزلا نعو ، تاضورفملا تاولصلا هلالج لج هللا يدی نیب فقو اذإ دبعلا هنع لأسی ام لوأ نإ (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا ـهتالص هنم تلبق اهیلع تام مث انتیالوب رقأ نإف ، تیبلا لهأ انتیالو نعو ، ضورفملا جحلا نعو ، ضورفملا مایصلا نعو ، ةضورفملاهجحو هتاكزو هموصو .11-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Thefirstthingthatmanwillbeaskedaboutwhenhestandsbefore

Allah, Exalted be His Grandeur, is the obligatory prayers, the obligatory alms-tax (Zakat), theobligatoryfasting,theobligatorypilgrimage(Hajj),andourguardianship(wilaya),thepeopleofthehousehold. If he attests to our guardianship and dies believing that, his prayer, fasting, alms andpilgrimagewillallbeaccepted.’[Amalial-Saduq,p.212,no.10]

ThatWhichOneisNotAccountableFor هیلع بساحی ال ام

12 ىلاعت هللا لیبس يف ناك ام الإ ةمایقلا موی هنع لوؤسم میعن لك (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ12- The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Every bounty will be asked about on the Day of Resurrection

exceptforwhatwas[used]inthewayofAllah,mostHigh.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.7,p.261,no.10]13 ادبأ ماعطلا كلذ میعن نع لأسی مل ماعطلا ىلع هللا مسا ركذ نم (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ13-ImamAli(AS)said,‘WhoeveruttersthenameofAllahonsomefoodthatheeatswillneverbe

asked[toaccountfor]thebountyofthatfood.’[Amalial-Saduq,p.246,no.13]14 نم هنكی تیب وأ ، هتعوج اهب دسی ةرسك وأ ، هتروعاهب يراوی ةقرخ : دبعلا اهنع لأسی ال ثالث ): قداصلا مامإلا وأ رقابلا مامإلا ـدربلاو رحلا .14-Imamal-Baqir(AS)said,‘Therearethreethingswhichtheservantwillnotbeaskedabout:the

clothheused tocoverhisprivateparts, thepieceofbreadheused tosatehishungerwith,and thehousethatusedtoprotecthimfromtheheatandthecold.’[Nural-Thaqalayn,v.5,p.665,no.26]

ThatWhichOneWillbeHeldAccountableFor هیلع بساحی ام

15 امیف هبابش ( نع ) ،و هانفأ امیف هرمع نع : عبرأ نع لأسی ىتح ةمایقلا موی دبع امدق لوزت ال (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر ـتیبلا لهأ انبح نعو ، هقفنأ امیفو هبستكا نیأ نم هلام نعو ، هالبأ .15-TheProphet (SAWA) said, ‘On theDayofResurrection, the feet of the servantwill not slip

untilheisaskedaboutfourthings:hisyearsandhowhespentthem,hisyouthandhowhewastedit,hiswealth,whenceheearneditandhowhespentit,andourlove,thepeopleofthehousehold(ahlal-bayt).’[al-Khisal,p.253,no.125]16 يلص ) هللا لوسرب مهیلع هللا معنأ امع ةمالا هذه لأست : ـ « میعنلا نع ذئموی نلأستل :» ىلاعت هلوق يف ـ ( مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا ـمالسلا مهیلع ) هتیب لهأب مث ( هلآ و هیلع هللا ).

16- Imam al-Sadiq (AS), with regards to Allah’s verse: “You will surely be asked on that dayconcerningtheblessing”,said,‘ThiscommunitywillbeaskedaboutthebountythatAllahbestowedon them in the form of theMessenger of Allah (SAWA), and then his household (AS).’[Bihar al-Anwar,v.7,p.272,no.39]

ThatWhichWillMaketheAccountEasierontheDayofResurrectionةمایقلا موی باسح نوهی ام

17 باسحلا كیلع فخی هتیتوا امب عنقا (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ17-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Becontentwithwhatyouhavebeengivenandyouraccountwillbe

lighter.’[Aàlamal-Din,no.344]18 كباسح هللا ففخی كقلخ نسح (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ18- The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Improve your temperament, and Allah will lighten your

account.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.71,p.383,no.20]19 لصوی نأ هب هللا رمأ ام نولصی ( نیذلا :») أرق مث ، ةمایقلا موی باسحلا نوهت محرلا ةلص نإ (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا ـ

باسحلا ءوس نوفاخیو مهبر نوشخیو ».19-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Maintainingrelationswithone’skinmakestheaccounteasieronthe

DayofResurrection.Thenherecited[theverse]:“AndthosewhojoinwhatAllahhascommandedtobejoined,andfeartheirLord,andareafraidofanadversereckoning.”[Biharal-Anwar,v.74,p.102,no.54]

TheCategoriesofPeopleduringtheAccount باسحلا يف سانلا فانصأ

20 مهنمو ، ارورسم هلهأ ىلإ بلقنیو اریسی اباسح بساحی نم مهنمف ، لزانمو تاقبط ىلع ذئموی سانلاو (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا ـنم مهنمو ، انهاه اهب سبلت نم ىلع كانه باسحلا امنإو ، ءيشب ایندلا رمأ نم اوسبلتی مل مهن ؛أل باسح ریغب ةنجلا نولخدی نیذلا

ریعسلا باذع ىلإ ریصیو ریمطقلاو ریقنلا ىلع بساحی .20-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thepeopleonthatdaywillbeofdifferentclassesandstations.Someof

themwillbegivenaneasyaccountandreturntotheirpeoplehappy.SomeofthemwillenterParadisewithoutgivinganaccount,fortheyhadnothingtodowithmattersoftheworldlylife,forindeedtheaccountthereisforthosewhoentanglethemselveswiththem[i.e.worldlyaffairs]here.AndsomeofthemwillbeaskedtoaccountforeveryspeckandspotandwillbemadetosufferthepunishmentoftheBlaze.’[al-Ihtijaj,v.1,p.572,no.137]

TheAdverseAccount باسحلا ءوس

21 وهو ، تانسحلا مهل بسحیو تائیسلا مهیلع بسحی : ـ « باسحلا ءوس نوفاخیو :» ىلاعت هلوق يف ـ ( مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا ـ

ءاصقتسالا .21- Imam al-Sadiq (AS), with regards to Allah’s verse: “and they are afraid of an adverse

reckoning”[Qur ’an13:21],said,‘Theirbaddeedswillbecountedagainstthemandtheirgooddeedswillbecountedforthem,andthatisthestrictreckoning.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.7,p.266,no.26]

ThoseWhoseAccountWillBeEasy اریسی اباسح بساحی نم

22 لوق نیأف ، هللا لوسر ای : لئاق هل لاقف ، بذعم بساحم لك (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر لاق (: مالسلا هیلع ) رقابلا مامإلا ـحفصتلا ينعی ، ضرعلا كلذ : لاق ؟ « اریسی اباسح بساحی فوسف :» لجوزع هللا

22- Imamal-Baqir (AS)narrated, ‘TheProphet (SAWA) said, ‘Everypersonwho stands togiveaccount will suffer chastisement.’ Then someone asked him, ‘OMessenger of Allah!What aboutAllah’s verse: “he shall soon receive an easy reckoning”?’ He replied, ‘That is the exposition,meaningthedisplayofthepages[ofone’sbookofdeeds].’[Maànial-Akhbar,p.262,no.1]

ThoseWhoWillEnterParadiseWithoutAccounting ریغب ةنجلا لخدی نمباسح

23 يف اودهاجو ، يلیبس يف اوذواو اولتقو ، يلیبس يف اولتاق نیذلا يدابع يأ : ىلاعت هللا لوقی (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر ـباسح الو باذع ریغب اهنولخدیف ، ةنجلا اولخدا ، يلیبس .23-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Allah,mostHigh,willsay:“OMyservantswhohavefoughtfor

Mysake,werekilledandhurt forMysake,andhavestruggled forMysake!EnterParadise!”Andtheywillenteritwithoutpunishmentoraccount.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.16635]24 ریغب اعیمج ةنجلا اولخدیل نورباصلا نیأ : دانم يدانی نیرخآلاو نیلوألا هللا عمج اذإ (: مالسلا هیلع ) نیدباعلا نیز مامإلا ـ

؟ مكربص ناك امو : اولاق . نورباصلا : اولاق ؟ متنأ نم ـ : مهل ةكئالملا تلاق …: باسح هللا ةیصعم نع انربصو ، هللا ةعاط ىلع انربص : اولاق .24- ImamZayn al-Àabidin (AS) said, ‘WhenAllahwill bring together the first and the last of

people a callerwill call out: ‘Where are the patient ones that theymay all enter Paradisewithoutaccount?’…The Imam then continued, ‘The angels will ask them, ‘Who are you?’ and theywillanswer,‘Thepatientones.’Againtheywillask,‘Andwhatwereyoupatientwith?’Theywillsay,‘Wewere patient with acts of obedience to Allah, and we were patient in keeping away from acts ofdisobediencetoAllah.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.82,p.138,no.22]25 يف نوباحتملا نیأ : لوقیف سانلا عمسی ىدانف دانم ماق ، نیرخآلاو نیلوألا لجوزع هللا عمج اذإ (: مالسلا هیلع ) نیدباعلا نیز مامإلا ـباسح ریغب ةنجلا ىلإ اوبهذا : مهل لاقیف سانلا نم قنع موقیف : لاق ؟ هللا .25- ImamZaynal-Àabidin (AS) said, ‘WhenAllah,MightyandExalted,willbring together the

first and the last of people, a callerwill rise and call out so that all peoplewill hear.Hewill say,‘Whereare thosewholovedeachotherforAllah’sake?’andagroupofpeoplewill rise,andtheywillbetoldtoenterParadisewithoutaccounting.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.126,no.8]26 نم : مهل لاقیف ، ةنجلا باب اوبرضیف ةنجلا باب اوتأی ىتح سانلا نم قنع ماق ةمایقلا موی ناك اذإ (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا ـ

، اوقدص : لجوزع هللا لوقیف ! هیلع انوبساحت ائیش انومتیطعأ ام : نولوقیف ! ؟ باسحلا لبقأ : مهل لاقیف ، ءارقفلا نحن : نولوقیف ؟ متنأةنجلا اولخدا .26-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said, ‘OntheDayofResurrectionagroupofpeoplewill rise; theywill

come to thegate ofParadise and theywill knock at thegate ofParadise.Then theywill be asked,‘Whoareyou?’Andtheywillanswer,‘Wearethepoor.’Theywillthenbeasked,‘[Haveyoucome]beforetheReckoning?!’Andtheywillanswer,‘Youdidnotgiveusanythingtoholdusaccountablefor!’Allah,MightyandExaltedwillthensay,‘Theyspeakthetruth.EnterParadise!’[al-Kafi,p.264,no.19]27 ءالبلا لهأل بصنی مل نیزاوملا تبصنو نیواودلا ترشن اذإ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر لاق (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا ـباسح ریغب مهرجأ نورباصلا ىفوی امنإ :»… ةیآلا هذه التو ، ناوید مهل رشنی ملو ، نازیم ».27-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)narrated,‘TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Whentherecordsarespreadoutand

the scales set up, therewill be no scales set up for the people of affliction, nor record spread forthem.’ Then he recited this verse: “Indeed the patientwill be paid in full their rewardwithout anyreckoning…”[Nural-Thaqalayn,v.4,p.481,no.28]

ThoseWhoWillEntertheFireWithoutAccounting ریغب رانلا لخدی نمباسح

28 ىلإ هب رمؤیو ةمایقلا موی بساحی ال هنإف ، هللااب كرشأ نم الإ قلخ لك بساحی لجوزع هللا نإ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر ـرانلا .28- The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Truly Allah,Mighty and Exalted, will hold all the creatures to

accountexceptthosewhohaveassociatedapartnertoAllah,fortheywillnotbegiventhechancetoaccountontheDayofResurrectionandwillbeorderedstraighttotheFire.’[ÙyounAkhbaral-Ridha(AS),v.2,p.34,no.66]29 : لاق ؟ مه نم ، كیلع هللا ىلص هللا لوسر ای : لیق . ةتسب باسحلا لبق رانلا نولخدی ةتس (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر نع ـدسحلاب ءاملعلاو ، ةلاهجلاب قاتسرلا لهأو ، ةنایخلاب راجتلاو ، ربكلاب نیقاهدلاو ، ةیبصعلاب برعلاو ، روجلاب ءارمالا .

29-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Six[groups]willentertheFirebeforeanyaccountbecauseofsix[reasons].’Hewasasked,‘OMessengerofAllah!MayAllah’sblessingsbeuponyou!Whoarethey?’Hereplied,‘Therulersbecauseoftheirtyranny,theArabsbecauseoftheirprejudice,thelandownersbecauseof theirarrogance, themerchantsbecauseof their treachery, thevillagersbecauseof theirignorance,andthescholarsbecauseoftheirjealousy.’[Tanbihal-Khawatir,v.1,p.127]30 ناز خیشو ، بوذك رجاتو ، رئاج مامإ … باسح ریغب رانلا هللا مهلخدی ةثالث (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا .ـ30-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Allahwillmakethree[groups]entertheFirewithoutanyaccount…

anunjustleader,alyingmerchant,andanadulterousoldman.’[al-Khisal,p.80,no.1]

Part4ACTION لمعلا

EnjoinmentofAction لمعلا ىلع ثحلا

1 هلمع ىقبیو هلامو هلهأ عجری ؛ دحاو ىقبیو نانثا عجریف ، هلمعو هلامو هلهأ : ةثالث تیملا عبتی (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ1–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Threethingsfollowapersonwhenhedieshisfamily,hiswealthand

his deeds. Two of those retreat and only one remains his family andwealth retreat and his deedsremainwithhim.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.42761]2 مكل نإ ، عرولا عرولاو ، ربصلا ربصلا مث ، ةماقتسالا ةماقتسالاو ، ةیاهنلا ةیاهنلا مث ، لمعلا لمعلا (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا ـمكتیاهن ىلإ اوهتناف ةیاهن .

2–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Ienjoinyouwithactionindeed, thentotakeit to itscompletion, thentomaintainitregularly,thentopersevereinitsperformanceandthentobepious.Verilyyouhavebeendestinedforagreatend,sobetakeyourselvestoyourdestinedend.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Sermon176]3 هبسح ) هبسن هب عرسی مل ، هلمع هب أطبأ نم (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .(ـ3–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Hewholagsbehindasaresultofhisdeedswillnotbeaccordedafront

positionbecauseofhislineage.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Saying23]4 وهو نیبنذملا ضغبیو ، مهلمع لمعی الو نیحلاصلا بحی … لمعلا ریغب ةرخآلا وجری نمم نكت ال (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا ـ

، لدم لوقلاب وهف … لأس اذإ غلابیو ، لمع اذإ رصقی … هلمع نم رثكأب هسفنل وجریو ، هبنذ نم ىندأب هریغ ىلع فاخی … مهدحألقم لمعلا نمو !4– ImamAli (AS) said, ‘Do not be among thosewho hope for theHereafterwithout acting…

admiringtherighteouspeopleandyetnotactinglikethem,anddespisingthesinnerswhilstheisoneofthem…hefearsforothersworsechastisementthanwhathehimselfdeservesforhissin,andforhimselfhopesforgreaterthanhisactionsdeserve…Whenheactshefallsshortoftheaction,andwhen he is asked something, he exaggerates … so he is presumptuous in his speech thoughperforminglittleaction.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Saying150]5 هبذعی مل … هنسح هنم لبق نمو ، هبذعی مل ةدحاو ةالص هنم هللا لبق نم (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا .ـ5–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘HefromwhomAllahacceptsasingleprayer,Hewillnotpunish,nor

hefromwhomHeacceptsasinglegooddeed.’[al-Kafi,v.3,p.266,no.11]6 اریثك اومعنت الیلق اولمعا (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا .ـ6– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘If you act but a little, you will enjoy many bounties.’[Tanbih al-

Khawatir,v.2,p.183]7 لامعألاب ةرخآلا يفو ، لاومألاب ایندلا يف سانلا (: مالسلا هیلع ) يداهلا مامإلا .ـ7–Imamal-Hadi(AS)said,‘Peopletransactthroughwealthinthisworldandthroughdeedsinthe

Hereafter.’[al-Durraal-Bahira,p.41]

ActionandRecompense ءازجلاو لمعلا

8 امهیأف ، ناقیرط امهو ، راربألا لزانم راجفلا لزنی ال كلذك بنعلا كوشلا نم ىنتجی ال امك (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر ـهیلإ متكردأ متذخأ .8–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Justasgrapescanneverbeharvestedfromthornbushes,thuscan

thewrongdoersnevercomeuptotheleveloftherighteous,fortheyaretwodistinctpaths,whicheveroneofthemyoutakeiswhereyouwillarrive.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.43676]

MaintenanceofContinuousAction لمعلا ىلع ةموادملا

9 توملا الإ ةیاغ نینمؤملا لمعل لعجی مل هللا نإف ! ةموادملا ةموادملا (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ9–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Actcontinuously,actcontinuously!ForverilyAllahhasnotdecreedany

endtothebeliever ’sactionsexceptdeath.’[Mustadrakal-Wasail,v.1,p.130,no.177]10 هنم لولمم ریثك نم ىجرأ ، هیلع مودت لیلق (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ10– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The little that you perform continuously is weightier than the great

amountthatyouperformodiously.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Saying278]11 لق نإو ، هیلع موادی لمع نم هللا ىلإ بحأ ءيش نم ام (: مالسلا هیلع ) رقابلا مامإلا .ـ11–Imamal-Baqir(AS)said,‘ThereisnothingmorebelovedtoAllahthantheperformanceofan

actionthatismaintainedregularly,evenifitbelittle.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.82,no.3]12 ردقلا ةلیل نأ كلذو ؛ هریغ ىلإ ءاش نإ هنع لوحتی مث ، ةنس هیلع مدیلف لمع ىلع لجرلا ناك اذإ (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا ـنوكی نأ هللا ءاش ام كلذ هماع يف اهیف نوكی .12–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Ifamanperformsacertainaction,heshouldmaintainitregularly

for thedurationofayear, thenhemaymoveon toanotheract ifhewishes,and that is so that thegrandNightofOrdainment(laylatal-qadr)isincludedinhisyearofperformingthatparticularact,whenwhateverAllahwillsthereinhappens.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.82,no.1]

TheBestofActions لامعألا لضفأ

13 اهزمحأ لامعألا لضفأ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ13–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Thebestofdeedsisthemostdifficultofthem.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.

70,p.191]14 لق نإو همودأ لمعلا لضفأ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ14– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘The best of deeds is that which is most regular, even if be

somethingsmall.’[Tanbihal-Khawatir,v.1,p.63]15 هنع فشكت وأ هتعوج هنع درطت ، نمؤملا ىلع هلخدت ( يذلا ) رورس هللا ىلإ لامعألا بحأ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر ـهتبرك .15–TheProphet (SAWA)said, ‘Thebestofdeeds in thesightofAllah is thehappiness thatyou

bringtoafellowbeliever,eitherbydrivingawayhishungerorbyrelievinghimofhisdistress.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.191,no.11]16 كسفن هیلع تهركأ ام لامعألا لضفأ (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ16– ImamAli (AS) said, ‘The best of deeds is that which you force yourself to do.’[Bihar al-

Anwar,v.78,p.69,no.20]17 هللا هجو هب دیرا ام لمعلا لضفأ (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ17–ImamAli(AS)said,‘ThebestofdeedsisthatwhoseobjectiveisAllah’spleasure.’[Ghuraral-

Hikam,no.2958]18 قحلا موزل لامعألا لضفأ (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ18–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebestofdeedsisadherencetothetruth.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.3322]19 لجوزع هللا لیبس يف داهجلاو ، نیدلاولا ربو ، اهتقول ةالصلا : ـ لامعألا لضفأ نع لئس امل ـ ( مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا .ـ19–Imamal-Sadiq(AS),whenaskedaboutthebestofdeeds,replied,‘Performingtheprayeratits

prescribed time, being kind to one’ s parents and combat in theway ofAllah (jihad),Mighty andExalted.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.158,no.4]

HeWhoseDeedsDoNotBenefitHim هلمع هعفنی ال نم

20 هب يرادی قلخو ، لجوزع هللا يصاعم نع هزجحی عرو : لمع هل مقی مل هیف نكت مل نم ثالث (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر ـلهاجلا لهج هب دری ملحو ، سانلا .

20–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Thereare threequalitieswhichifapersondoesnotpossess,hisaction remains incompletepietywhich safeguardshim fromactsofdisobedience toAllah, agoodnaturebymeansofwhichhemaintains amicable relationswithpeople, andclemencybymeansofwhichheretortstherashnessoftheignorant.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.116,no.1]21 فحزلا نم رارفلاو ، نیدلاولا قوقعو ، هللااب كرشلا : لمع نهعم عفنی ال ةثالث (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ21–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Therearethreesinstowhichthecompanyofagooddeedistono

availassociationofanythingwithAllah,insolencetoone’sparents,andfleeingfromthemidstofabattle.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.43824and43937]22 هناسل ظفحی مل نم لمع ام (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ22–TheProphet (SAWA)said, ‘Hewhodoesnotguardhis tonguehasnotperformedanygood

deeds.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.77,p.85]23 لمع دوحجلاو كشلا عم عفنی ال (: مالسلا هیلع ) رقابلا مامإلا .ـ23–Imamal-Baqir(AS)said,‘Agooddeedaccompaniedbydoubtanddenial is tonoavail.’[al-

Kafi,v.2,p.400,no.7]24 اءوس نمؤملا هیخأ ىلع رمضم وهو المع نمؤم نم هللا لبقی ال (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا .ـ24– Imamal-Sadiq (AS)said, ‘Allahdoesnotacceptagooddeed fromabelieveras longashe

harboursillwillagainstafellowbelievingbrother.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.361,no.8]

DeedsThatOneMustBeCautiousof اهنم رذحلا يغبنی يتلا لامعألا

25 نیملسملا ةماعل ههركیو ، هسفنل هبحاص هاضری لمع لك رذحا (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ25–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Becautiousofeverydeedwhichthedoerispleasedtoperformhimself

buthatesMuslimsatlargetoperformit.’[SharheNahjal-BalaghaliIbnAbial-Hadid,v.18,p.41]26 ةینالعلا يف هنم ىحتسیو ، رسلا يف هب لمعی لمع لك رذحا (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ26– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Be cautious of every deed which is performed in secret but is

embarrassingtoperforminpublic.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Letter69]27 هركنأ هبحاصل ركذ اذإ لمع لكو كایإ (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ27–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Bewareofanydeedwhoseperformancewouldbedeniedbyitsdoerif

mentionedtohim.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.71,p.369,no.19]

PerfectionofaGoodDeed لمعلا ناقتإ

28 هنقتی نأ المع مكدحأ لمع اذإ بحی ىلاعت هللا نإ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ28–The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘VerilyAllah,mostHigh, loves for you to perfect a good deed

whenyouperformit.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.9128]29 هربق يف ( هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) يبنلا ىأر ( هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر نبا میهاربإ تام امل (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا ـنقتیلف المع مكدحأ لمع اذإ : لاق مث ، هدیب هاوسف اللخ 29–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)narrated,‘WhenIbrahim,thesonoftheProphet(SAWA)passedaway,the

Prophet(SAWA)sawagapinhisgrave,whichhefilledwithhishand,andthensaid,‘Whenanyofyouperformsagooddeed,heshouldperfectit.’[Wasaelal-Shiàah,v.2,p.883,no.1]

TheExpositionofDeeds يبنلاو هللا ىلع لامعألا ضرعةمئألاو ( هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص )

30 دریو ، هیلع باتیف بئات نمو ، هل رفغیف رفغتسم نمف ، سیمخلاو نینثالا موی لامعألا ضرعت (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر ـاوبوتی ىتح مهنئاغضب نئاغضلا لهأ .

30–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘People’sdeedsareexposed[tome]everyMondayandThursday.Thedeedsofonewhoseeksforgivenessareforgiventohim,andthoseoftherepentantarepardoned,whilst thedeedsof thosewhoharbour rancourare returned to thembecauseof their rancouruntiltheyrepentforthem.’[al-Targhibwaal-Tarhib,v.3,p.458,no.17]31 حیبق نم ناك امو ، مكل هللا تدزتسا نسح نم ناك امف ، موی لك يلع ضرعت مكلامعأ نإ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر ـمكل هللا ترفغتسا .31–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Verilyyourdeedsareexposedtomeeveryday,andwhatevergood

IseeIaskAllahtoincreasethemforyou,andwhateverbadIsee,IseekforgivenessfromAllahforyou.’[al-Faqih,v.1,p.191,no.582]32 ىلاعت هللا ىلع ضرعتو الإ حابص نم ام ةمالا هذه لامعأ نإ (: مالسلا هیلع ) نیسحلا مامإلا .ـ32– Imamal-Husayn (AS) said, ‘Verily thedeedsof this community are exposed toAllah,most

High,everysinglemorning.’[ÙyounAkhbaral-Ridha(AS),v.2,p.44,no.156]33 ىنع انایإ : ـ « نونمؤملاو ـه لو ـ سرو ـم كلمع هللا ىر ـ يسف او ـلـ معا لقو :» ىلاعت هلوق نع لئس امل ـ ( مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا ـ33–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)wasaskedaboutAllah’sverse“Andsay,‘Goonworking,forAllahwill

seeyourconduct,andHisApostleandthefaithful[aswell]”,replied,‘ItisusthatHemeans[bythefaithful].’[Biharal-Anwar,v.23,p.337,no.22]34 ضرعأل ينإ هللاو : ـ مهل هللا وعدت نأ ينولأس كیلاوم نم اموق نإ : هل نابأ نب هللا دبع لاق دقو ـ ( مالسلا هیلع ) اضرلا مامإلا ـموی لك يف هللا ىلع مهلامعأ .34–Imamal-Rida(AS),whenÀabdullahb.Abansaidtohim,‘Verilyagroupofyouradherents

haveaskedmetorequestyoutosupplicateAllahontheirbehalf’,replied,‘ByAllah,verilyIamtheonewhopresentstheirdeedstoAllaheveryday.’[Wasaelal-Shiàah,v.11,p.392,no.25]

TheBookofDeeds لامعألا بات

35 دبعلا لمع نابتكی راهنلا اكلمو ، تائیسلا بتكی لامشلا بحاصو ، تانسحلا بتكی نیمیلا بحاص (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا ـلیللا يف دبعلا لمع نابتكی لیللا اكلمو ، راهنلاب .35–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Theangelonman’sright[shoulder]recordshisgooddeeds,whilstthe

angelontheleftrecordshisevildeeds.Thetwoangelsofthedayrecordtheservant’sdeedsbyday,andthetwoangelsofthenightrecordtheservant’sdeedsbynight.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.5,p.327,no.22]

EmbodimentofDeeds لامعألا مسجت

36 ينإ هللاوف تنأ ام : هل لوقیف ، ةنسح ةروص يف هلمع هل روص هربق نم جرخ اذإ نمؤملا نإ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر ـيف هلمع هل روص هربق نم جرخ اذإ رفاكلا نإو . ةنجلا ىلإ [ ادئاق وأ ارون ] هل نوكیف ، كلمع انأ : هل لوقیف ! ؟ قدصلا أرما كارألرانلا لخدی ىتح هب قلطنیف ، كلمع انأ : لوقیف ! ؟ ءوسلا أرما كارأل ينإ هللاوف تنأ نم : لوقیف ةئیس ةراشبو ، ةئیس ةروص .36–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Verilywhenthebelieverwillcomeoutofhisgrave,hisdeedswill

cometohimpersonifiedinagoodform,andhewilladdressitasking‘Whoareyou,forbyAllahIseeyoutobeaveraciousmanindeed!’towhichitwillreply,‘Iamyour[good]deed’,anditwillbeasourceoflightforhimandleadhimintoParadise.Andverilywhenthedisbelievercomesoutofhisgrave,hisdeedswillcometohimpersonifiedinanuglyformwithanuglycountenance,towhichhewillask,‘WhoareyouforverilyIseeyoutobeanuglymanindeed!’anditwillreply,‘Iamyour[evil]deeds’,anditwillrushoffwithhimtoplungeintotheFire.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.38963]

Part5ADORNMENT ةنیزلا

Adornment ةنیزلا

1 لمجتی نأو هل أیهتی نأ ـ هیخأ ىلإ نمؤملا هدبع جرخ اذإ ـ بحی هللا نإ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ1–TheProphet(SAWA)said,'VerilyAllahlikesitforabelievingservantofHis,whenhegoesto

visitafellowbrother,togetreadyandadornhimself.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.79,p.307,no.23]2 ةئیهلا نسحأ يف هاری نأ بحی يذلا بیرغلل نیزتی امك هاتأ اذإ ملسملا هیخأل مكدحأ نیزتیل (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ2–ImamAli(AS)said,'YoushouldadornyourselfforyourfellowMuslimbrotherwhenyougo

to visit him just as you adorn yourself for a stranger for whom you want to make a good firstimpression.’[Biharal-Anwar,p.298,no.3]3 رهاوظلا ةنیز نم لمجأ نطاوبلا ةنیز (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ3–ImamAli(AS)said,'Theadornmentofyourinnerselvesismorebeautifulthantheadornment

oftheouter.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.5503]4 رهاظلا يف لمعلا نسحو رئارسلا ةراهط نامیإلا نیز (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ4–ImamAli(AS)said,'Theadornmentoffaithispurityofone'sinnermostthoughtscoupledwith

goodactionsmanifestedoutwardly.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.5504]

TheBestAdornment ةنیزلا نسحأ

5 نامیإ عم ةنیكسلا لجرلا ةنیز نسحأ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ5–TheProphet(SAWA)said, 'Thebestthingamancanadornhimselfwithistranquilitycoupled

withfaith.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.71,p.337,no.2]6 كنع مهتنسلأ فكو مهنیب كلمجو سانلاب كطلخ ام يزلا نسحأ نإ (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ6– ImamAli (AS) said, 'Thebest attire is thatwhichenablesyou toblend inwithpeople,which

makesyoulookpresentableinfrontofthem,andwhichdoesnotgivetonguesanexcusetowagaboutyou.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.3470]7 هللا ةعاط لثمب نیزتم نیزت ام (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ7–ImamAli(AS)said, 'Noonecanadornhimselfwithabetteradornmentthantheobedienceof

Allah.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.9489]

Part6AFFLICTION ةبیصملا

TheRewardfor(Enduringan)Affliction بئاصملا رجأ

1 رجألا حیتافم بئاصملا (: مالسلا هیلع ) نسحلا مامإلا .ـ1–Imamal-Hasan(AS)said,‘Afflictionsarethekeystoreward.’

TheWorstofAfflictions بئاصملا دشأ

2– Imam Ali (AS) was once asked what the worst affliction was, to which he replied, ‘To be

afflictedwithablowtoone’sfaith.’3 ایندلاب هلولا ءاقشلاو بئاصملا مظعأ (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ3–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thegreatestafflictionandsourceofwretchednessisinfatuationwiththis

world.’4 لهجلا بئاصملا مظعأ (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ4–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thegreatestafflictionisignorance.’5! ىربكلا ةبیصملا نع تلفغو ، ىرغصلا ةبیصملل تعزج اذه ای : ـ هدلو ىلع هعزج دتشا دق لجرل ـ ( مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا ـكدلوب كباصم نم مظعأ هل دادعتسالا ككرتب كباصمف ، كعزج هیلع دت ـ شا امل ادعتسم كدلو هیلإ راص امل تنك ولو .

5– Imamal-Sadiq (AS) said toamanwhowasexperiencing intensegrief at the lossofhis son,‘You are grieving at the minor affliction and are heedless of the major affliction! If only youpreparedyourselffortheplacethatyoursonhaspassedawayto,yourgriefwouldnotbesointense,foryourafflictionathavingneglectedpreparationforit[i.e.theHereafter]ismuchgreaterthanthelossofyourson.’[ÙyounAkhbaral-Ridha(AS),v.2,p.5,no.10]

ةبیصملا دنع عاجرتسالاToSay “Indeedwebelong toAllah and toHimdowe indeed return”whenStruckwith an

Affliction6 ةنجلا هل تبجو ةبیصملا دنع عاجرتسالا مهلا نم (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا .ـ6–Hewho is inspired toutter thewords, ‘Indeedwebelong toAllah, and toHimdowe indeed

return’duringanaffliction,hisentranceintoParadiseismadeobligatory.’[Thawabal-Aàmal,p.235,no.2]

TheEtiquetteofDealingwithanAffliction باصملا بدأ

7 ةیلهاجلا لمع ةحاینلا (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ7–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Wailingisanactfromthepre-Islamicageofignorance.’[Biharal-

Anwar,v.82,p.103,no.50]8 ةقدصلاو ضارمألاو بئاصملا نامتك : ربلا زونك نم (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) يلع مامإلا .ـ8– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Among the hidden treasures of goodness are: concealing one’s

afflictions,one’sillnessesandone’scharity[fromothers].’[Biharal-Anwar,v.82,p.103,no.50]9 نع ىهنت ، هللا لوسر ای : هل لیقف ، هتیحل ىلع هعومد ترج ىتح ( هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) يبنلا ىكب میهاربإ تام امل : ةشئاع نع ـمحری ال محری ال نمو ، ةمحر هذه امنإو ، ءاكب اذه سیل : لاقف ! ؟ يكبت تنأو ءاكبلا .9–Àa’ishanarrated, ‘WhenIbrahim[theProphet’sson]passedaway, theProphet (SAWA)cried

suchthattearsrolledontohisbeard,sopeoplesaidtohim,‘OProphetofAllah,youdissuadepeoplefromcryingandhereyouarenowcrying?!’towhichhereplied,‘Thisisnotcrying,itiscompassion,for he who does not have compassion [for others] will not be treated with compassion [byAllah].’[Amalial-Tusi,p.388,no.227]10 لاقف ، نهدرطیو نهاهنی رمع ماقف هیلع نیكبی ءاسنلا عمتجاف ( هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر لآ نم تیم تام : ةریره يبأ نع ـبیرق دهعلاو باصم بلقلاو ةعماد نیعلا نإف ، رمع ای نهعد (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .10–AbuHurayranarrated,‘AmanfromthefamilyoftheProphet(SAWA)hadpassedawayand

thewomenweregatheredaroundcryingforhimwhenÀumarstoodupandprohibitedthemfromdoing so, and told them to go away from there. The Prophet (SAWA) then said, ‘Leave them OÀumar,forverilytheeyefeelsteary[atthemoment],theheartisafflictedandthepainoftheincidentisstillfresh.’[Sunanal-Nasai,p.4,no.19]11 دنع توصو ، ةبیصم دنع لاوعإ : هللا امهضغبی نانوعلم ناتوص (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر نع ( مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا ـءانغلاو حونلا ينعی ؛ ةمعن .

11–ImamAli(AS)narratedontheauthorityoftheProphet(SAWA),‘Twovoicesarecursedanddespised by Allah: howling when struck by an affliction, and singing when blessed with abounty.’[Daàimal-Islam,v.1,p.227]

FactorsthatEaseAfflictions بئاصملا نوهی ام

12 تابیصملا هیلع تناه ایندلا يف دهز نم (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ12–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Afflictionsareeasyforonewhoisabstemiousinthisworld.’[Kanz

al-Fawa’idlial-Karajiki,v.2,p.163]13 هیلع نوهتس اهنإف ؛ يب هتبیصم ركذیلف ةبیصم هدنع تمظع نم (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ13–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Hewhofindsanafflictiontoogreattobearshouldthinkabout[the

greatnessofhisafflictionresultingfrom]mypassingawayfromthisworld,andhisownafflictionwillbecomeeasiertobear.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.82,p.84,no.26]14 بئاصملا مكیلع نوهت ، لجوزع هللا يدی نیب مكمایقو ، روبقلا نم مكجورخ مویو ، توملا ركذ اورثكأ (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ14–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Increaseyourremembranceofdeath,thedaythatyouwillrisefromyour

graves,andyourstandingbeforeAllah,MightyandExalted,andyourafflictionswillbecomeeasiertobear.’[al-Khisal,p.616,no.10]15 نأ ءاش ول يذلا هللا دمحلاو ، ينید يف يتبیصم لعجی مل يذلا هللا دمحلا : ـ ةبیصملا دنع لوقی ناك هنإ ـ ( مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا ـناكو نوكی نأ ءاش يذلا رمألا ىلع هللا دمحلاو ،( تناك ) تناك امم مظعأ يتبیصم نوكت .15–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)usedtosaythefollowingwhenfacedwithanaffliction,‘Allpraiseisdue

toAllah,Whodidnotafflictmeinmyfaith,andallpraiseisduetoAllahWho,ifHehadwilledformy affliction to be greater than it is could havemade it so, and all praise is due toAllah for thecommandthatHewilledtobeanditis.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.268,no.183]16 رمعت مل كلذ الولو ، نزحلا ةعول هاسنأف هبلق ىلع حسمف ، هلهأ عجوأ ىلإ اكلم هللا ثعب تام اذإ تیملا نإ (: مالسلا هیلع ) هللا لوسر ـایندلا .16–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Verilywhensomeonedies,Allahsendsanangeltothemostgrieved

memberofhisfamily,whostrokeshisheartandmakeshimforgettheagonyofgrief,andifitwerenotforthis,theworldwouldneveragainthrive.’[al-Kafi,v.3,p.227,no.1]

GloatingatAnother’sAffliction باصملاب ةتامشلا

17 نتتفی ىتح ایندلا نم جرخی مل هیخأب تلزن ةبیصمب تمش نم (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا .ـ17– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Whoever gloats over an affliction that has befallen his fellow

brotherdoesnotleavethisworlduntilheistriedsimilarly.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.359,no.1]

Part7AGGRESSION يغبلا

AGGRESSION يغبلا

1 يغبلا ةبوقع رشلا لجعأ نإ (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ1-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Theevildeedtobepunishedthequickestisagression.’[al-Kafi,v.2,

p.327,no.1]2 هب لتق يغبلا فیس لس نم (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ2-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Whoeverdrawstheswordofagressionwillbekilledbyit[himself].’[Nahj

al-Saàda,v.1,p.52]3 ةمعنلا بلسی يغبلا (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ3-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Agressionremoves[Allah’s]favor.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.382]4 رامدلا بجوی يغبلا (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ4-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Agressionbringsaboutdestruction.’[Ibid.no.795]5 ربعلا هب لماعلاب لحیو ، ةعرصلا لجعی هنإف يغبلاو كایإ (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ5-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Avoidagression,foritexpeditesdeathandmakesofitsdoeralessonto

others.’[Ibid.no.2657]6 رانلا ىلإ هباحصأ دو ـ قی يغبلا نإ (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلا .ـ6-ImamAli(AS)said,‘AgressionleadsitsperpetratorstotheHellfire.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.327,no.4]7 كتریشعو كسفن كتبجعأ نإو ، ادبأ يغب ةملكب نملكت ال نأ رظنا (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا .ـ7- Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Make sure that you never utter one aggressiveword, even if you

admire[thestrengthof]yourselfandyourtribe.’[Ibid.no.3]

TheAgressor يغابلا ةفص

8 مامإلا ىلع جرخی يذلا يغابلا : ـ « داع الو غاب ریغ رطضا نمف :» ىلاعت هلوق يف ـ ( مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا .ـ8- Imam al-Sadiq (AS), with regards to the verse: “But should someone be compelled, without

being aggressiveor rebellious…”57, said, ‘The agressor iswhoever rises to fight against the Im?m.’[Maànial-Akhbar,p.213,no.1]

FightingAgainstMuslimAgressors نیملسملا نم يغبلا لهأ لات

،و-10 نورغاص مه و دی نع ةیزجلا اوتؤی وأ اوملسی ىتح مهنع رفنی ال كرشلا لهأ لاتق : نالاتق لاتقلا (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلااولتقی وأ هللا رمأ ىلإ اوؤیفی ىتح مهنع رفنی ال غیزلا لهأل لاتق .9- ImamAli (AS) said, ‘There are twokindsof fighting:one is the fightingagainstpolytheists;

theymustnotbeleftuntil theyacceptIslamorpaythetaxwithhumility.Thesecondisthefightingagainstthepeopleofinnovation[fromamongMuslims];andtheyshouldnotbeleftuntiltheycomplywiththecommandofAllahorelsetheybekilled.’[Wasaelal-Shiàah,v.11,p.18,no.3]11- مهیلع هب ناعتسی نأ نكمأ نمب مهیلع ناعتسی ،و نوكرشملا هب لتقی ام لكب نولتقی و يغبلا لهأ لتاقی (: مالسلا هیلع ) يلع مامإلامهیلع رد قـ اذإ نوكرشملا ـر سؤی ـا مك نور ـ سؤی ،و ةلبقلا لهأ نم .10- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘[Rebellious] Agressors [from amongMuslims] are to be fought and

killedinthesamewaythatonekillspolytheists;andMuslimscanrallyallthesupporttheycanagainstthem,andwhenpossible,theycanbetakenprisonersjustaspolytheistsaretakencaptive.’[Mustadrakal-Wasail,v.11,p.65,no.12437]

نیملسملا مامإل ةوادعلا بصن نم لتق زاوجThePermissiontoKillOneWhoDeclaresEnmityTowardstheIm?moftheMuslims12- فلأ نم ریخ مكنم لجر ـو مهنم لجرب مكنم لجر لتقی نأ مكیلع فاخن انأ الول : ـ بصانلا يف ـ (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلامامإلا ىلإ كلذ نكل ،و مهل لتقلاب مكانرمأل ـ مهنم لجر .11-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)saidaboutonewhodeclaresenmitytowardstheIm?moftheMuslims:‘If

itwerenotforthefactthatwewereafraidforyoursake–thatoneofyoumaybekilledforkillingoneofthem,andoneofyouisworthathousandoftheirmen–wewouldorderyoutokillthem;but

thisisleftto[thediscretionof]theImam.’[Wasaelal-Shiàah,v.11,p.60,no.2]

Part8AGRICULTURE ةعارزلا

TheDivineRecommendationofCultivationandAgriculture عرزلا بابحتساسرغلاو

1 هب هل ناك الإ ، ةمیهب وأ ناسنإ وأ ریط هنم لكأیف ، اعرز عرزی وأ اسرغ سرغی ملسم نم ام (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر ـةقدص .1– The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Every singleMuslim that plants or cultivates anything of which

humans,animalsorbirdsmayeatfromiscountedascharitytowardsthemonhisbehalf.’[Mustadrakal-Wasail,v.13,p.460,no.15892]2 ءيش نم لكأ امف ربلا امأ ، رجافلاو ربلا هنم لكأیف هعرزت ، ثرحلا لامعألا ریخ : لوقی يبأ ناك (: مالسلا هیلع ) رقابلا مامإلا ـریطلاو مئاهبلا هنم لكأیو ، هنعل ءيش نم هنم لكأ امف رجافلا امأو ، كل رفغتسا .

2–Imamal-Baqir(AS)narrated thathisfatherusedtosay, 'Thebestofoccupations is tillingtheland,theproduceofwhichiseatenbyboththegood-doerandthewrongdoer.Thatwhichthegood-doereatswillseekforgivenessonhis [i.e. thegrower ’s]behalf,and thatwhich thewrongdoereatswillcursehim[i.e.thewrongdoer].Thebirdsandanimalseatthereoftoo.’[al-Kafi,v.5,p.260,no.5]3 هللا هدعبأف رقتفا مث ابارتو ءام دجو نم : لوقی ( مالسلا هیلع ) نینمؤملا ریمأ ناك (: مالسلا هیلع ) رقابلا مامإلا .ـ3–Imamal-Baqir(AS)narratedthatImamAli(AS)usedtosay,'Hewho,inspiteofhavingwater

andsoilathisdisposal,isstillpoor,isdissociatedbyAllah.’[Qurbal-Isnad,p.115,no.404]4، اماقم سانلا نسحأ ةمایقلا موی مهو ، لجوزع هللا هجرخأ ابیط نوعرزی ، مانألا زونك نوعرازلا (: مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا ـ

نیكرابملا نوعدی ، ةلزنم مهبرقأو .4–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,'Thefarmersarethetreasuresofmankindfortheyplantandharvest

thegoodthingsthatAllahhasmadegrow.OntheDayofResurrection,theywilloccupythebestandnearestposition[toAllah]andwillbecalledtheblessedones.’[al-Kafi,v.5,p.261,no.7]5 نوعرازلا : ـ « نونمؤملا لكوتیلف هللا ىلعو :» لجوزع هللا لوق يف ـ ( مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا .ـ5–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)saidthattheverseofAllahintheQur'an:"AndonAllahdothebelievers

rely"referstothefarmers.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.103,p.66,no.16]6 يف امو ، هضرأ يف هللا زونك نوعرازلا مه : ـ نیحالفلا نع يطساولا نوراه نب دیزی هلأس امل ـ ( مالسلا هیلع ) قداصلا مامإلا ـاطایخ ناك هنإف ( مالسلا هیلع ) سیردإ الإ اعارز الإ ایبن هللا ثعب امو ، ةعارزلا نم هللا ىلإ بحأ ءيش لامعألا .6–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said, 'ThereisnooccupationmorebelovedtoAllahthanagriculture,and

everysingleprophetthatAllahsentdownwasafarmerexceptProphetEnoch[ProphetEnoch(AS)isknownasIdrisintheArabictradition(ed.)](AS)whowasatailor.’[Mustadrakal-Wasail,v.13,p.461,no.15898]

Part9Alcohol رمخلا

Alcohol رمخلا

1 ادبأ لجر بلق وأ فوج يف نامیإلاو رمخلا عمجت ال (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ1–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Alcoholandfaithwillneverbetogetherinthebreastorheartofa

man.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.79,p.152,no.64]2 رئابكلاو شحاوفلا ما رمخلا (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ2–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Alcoholisthemotherofallindecentactsandgravesins.’[Kanzal-

Ùmmal,no.13181]3 رمخلا برش هحاتفم لعجو ، تیب يف هلك رشلا عمج (: هلآ و هیلع هللا يلص ) هللا لوسر .ـ3–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Allevilinitsentiretyhasbeengatheredinonehouseanddrinking

alcoholisthekeytothathouse.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.79,p.148,no.63]

TheReasonfortheProhibitionofAlcohol

4– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Allah imposed…the abandonment of drinking alcohol in order tosafeguardtheintellect.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Saying252]5–Imamal-Rida(AS)said,‘Allahforbadealcoholduethecorruptionthataccompaniesit,anddue

tothewayinwhichitaltersthedrinkers’reason,andhowitencouragesthemtodenyAllah,Mightyand Exalted, and to slander Him and His messenger, and for all the other accompaniments ofcorruptionandmurder.’[ÙyounAkhbaral-Ridha(AS),v.2,p.98,no.2]

TheConsequenceofDrinkingAlcohol

6–ImamAli(AS)said,‘WhenthealcoholiconemeetsAllah,MightyandExalted,hewillmeethimasanidolworshipper.’[al-Khisal,p.632,no.10]7– ImamAli (AS) said, ‘Theonewhodrinks an intoxicant, his prayerswill not be accepted for

fortydaysandnights.’[al-Khisal,p.632,no.10]

InteractingwithanAlcoholDrinker

8–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Whenonewhodrinksalcoholspeaks,donotbelievehim,andifheproposesdonotmarryhim,ifhefallssickdonotvisithim,andifhediesdonotattendhisfuneral,anddonotentrusthimwithanything.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.79,p.127,no.7]9–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Thealcoholdrinkerislikesulphur,sokeepawayfromhimlesthe

polluteyouwithhisstenchforsulphurhasabadstench.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.79,p.150,no.64]

HowanAlcoholDrinkerWillbeResurrected

10– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘The ones who have quenched themselves in this world with anintoxicant [alcohol] will die thirsty, will be resurrected thirsty and will enter the Hellfirethirsty.’[Thawabal-Aàmal,p.290,no.5]

EnjoinmentofAbandoningAlcoholevenifitbeforOtherThanAllah

11–TheProphet (SAWA)said, ‘Whoeverabandonsalcohol forother than thesakeofAllah,Allahwillquenchhisthirst[inParadise]withthesealedwine’.ImamAli(AS)exclaimed,‘ForotherthanAllah?’TheProphet(SAWA)replied,‘Yes,byAllah,forhisownprotectionandwell-being.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.79,p.412,no.2]

TheProhibitionofThatWhichProducestheSameEffectsasAlcohol

12– Imam al-Kazim (AS) said, ‘Allah did not prohibit alcohol because of its name, rather Heprohibited it due to its effects, so whatever produces the same effects as alcohol is [treated as]alcohol.’[al-Kafi,v.6,p.412,no.2]

Part10Allah

TheMeaningofAllah

1-ImamAli(AS)said,Allahmeanstheworshippedone,byWhompeoplearebewildered,andtoWhomtheyaresubmissive.AllahistheOneveiledfromthegraspofsights,andtheOnehiddenfromimaginationandcontemplation.[al-Tawhid,p.89,no.2]2- ImamAli (AS) said,Allah is the greatest name from among the names ofGod,Mighty and

Exalted,and it is thename thatcannotbeused tonameanyonebutAllah,andnocreaturehaseverbeennamedwithit.[Ibid.p.231,no.5]3-Imamal-Baqir(AS)said,AllahmeanstheOnewhoisworshippedandbyWhompeoplearetoo

bewilderedtocomprehendHisessenceandtofathomHisidentity.[Ibid.p.89,no.2]4- Imam al-Ridha (AS) said, In the name ofAllah,Mighty and Exalted, is the attestation toHis

LordshipandHisOneness.[ÙyounAkhbaral-Ridha(AS),v.2,p.93,no.1]5-Imamal-Àskari(AS)said,AllahistheOne\toWhomeverycreatureresortswhenheisinneed

orinhardship,whenthereisnohopeinanyonebutHim.[Biharal-Anwar,v.3,p.41,no.16]

Part11Allah'sPleasure

FactorsthatElicitAllah'sPleasure

1–IthasbeennarratedthatProphetMoses(AS)addressedAllah,saying,'MyLord,guidemetoanactiontheperformanceofwhichwillearnmeYourgoodpleasure.’SoAllahrevealedtohim,'OsonofAmran, verilyMypleasure lies in thatwhichyouwill be averse to andyouwill not be able toendureit.’SoMosesfellprostrate,weepingandcriedout,'MyLord!YouhaveselectedmetospeaktowhenYouhavenotspokentoanybeforeme,andyetYoudonotguidemetothatactionbywhichImayearnYourpleasure!’SoAllah revealed tohim, 'VerilyMypleasure lies inyourpleasurewithwhateverIdecree.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.82,p.143,no.17]2– ImamAli (AS) said, 'Three things enable a servant to attain Allah's pleasure: persistence in

seekingforgiveness,affabilitytowardspeople,andfrequentgivingofcharity.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.81,no.74]3– ImamAli (AS) said, 'Hewho dissatisfies his body earnsAllah's pleasure, and hewho is not

willingtodissatisfyhisbodydefiesAllah.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.70,p.312,no.11]4–ImamAli(AS)said,'He[Allah]hasadvisedyoutobeGodwaryinallthings,andhasmadeitthe

heightofHisgoodpleasureandHissolerequirementfromHiscreatures.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Sermon183]5–ImamAli(AS)said,'Allah'spleasureislinkedtoHisobedience.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.5410]6– ImamZaynal-Abidin (AS)said, 'Verily theonewhoAllah ismostpleasedwith fromamong

youistheonewhoisthemostgeneroustowardshisowndependents.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.136,no.13]

SignsofAllah'sPleasure

7– It isnarrated inBiharal-Anwar thatProphetMoses (AS)said, 'OMyLord,what isasignofYour pleasure with a servant of Yours?' So Allah revealed to him, saying, 'When you see MepreparingMyservantforMyobedienceandavertinghimfromMydisobedience,[knowthat]itisasignofMypleasure.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.70,p.26,no.29]8–ImamAli(AS)said,'ThesignofAllah'spleasurewithHisservantisthesatisfactionfoundinthe

servanthimselfwithallthatAllahdecrees,beitinhisfavourornot.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.6344]

PleasingPeopleattheExpenseofAllah'sDispleasure

9–ImamAli(AS),inaletterthathewrotetoMuhammadb.AbUBakr,said,'Trytothebestofyourability not to displease your Lord by pleasing any of His creatures, for verily Allah can easilysubstituteaservantforanother,buttheservanthasrecoursetonoothersubstituteforAllah.’[Amalial-Tusi,p.29,no.31]10–Imamal-Hasan(AS)said,'HewhoseekstopleaseAllahattheexpenseofdispleasingpeople,

Allahsufficeshim ineverything includinghisaffairswithpeople.But theonewhoseeks topleasepeople at the expense of Allah's displeasure, Allah relegates him to those very people.’[Bihar al-Anwar,v.71,p.208,no.17]

Part12ALMS-TAX(zakat)

TheObligatoryAlms-Tax

1– Imamal-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Allah – exalted beHis remembrance– has not obligated anythingmore difficult for this community than paying the alms-tax, and the downfall of the majority ofpeopleliesin[theirfailuretopay]it.’[Amalial-Tusi,p.693,no.1474]2– Imamal-Sadiq (AS)said, 'Theprayerofonewhodoesnotgive thealms-tax isvoid,and the

alms-taxoftheimpiousisvoid.’[Mishkatal-Anwar,no.46]3–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,'Thealms-taxhasbeenprescribedasatestfortherichandanaidto

thepoor. Ifpeopledulypaid thealms-taxon theirwealth, therewouldnot remainasinglepoororneedyMuslim,andallwouldsufficethemselvesthroughwhatAllahhasprescribed.Verilypeopleareonlyimpoverished,needy,hungryandnakedasaresultofthesinsofthewealthy.’[al-Faqih,v.2,p.7,no.1579]

TheRoleoftheAlms-TaxintheIncreaseofWealth

4–TheProphet(SAWA)said,'IfyouwantAllahtoenrichyourwealththengivethealms-taxfromit.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.96,p.23,no.54]5–ImamAli(AS)said,'Strengthenyourcapitalbypayingthealms-tax.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.

60,no.138]6–Imamal-Hasan(AS)said,'Thegivingofthealms-taxneverdiminisheswealth.’[Biharal-Anwar,

v.96,p.23,no.56]7– Imam al-Baqir (AS) narrated, 'We found the following written in the book of the Prophet

(SAWA): …When the alms-tax is withheld, the earth withholds all its yield of plants, fruits andminerals.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.374,no.2]8–Imamal-Kazim(AS)said,'VerilyAllahhasfixedthealms-taxasaprovisionforthepooranda

proliferationofyourwealth.’[al-Kafi,v.3,p.498,no.6]9– Imam al-Rida (AS) said, 'When the alms-tax is not paid, livestock die as a result.’[Bihar al-

Anwar,v.73,p.373,no.8]

TheOneWhoRefusestoPaytheAlms-Tax

10– Imamal-Baqir (AS) said, 'Hewho refuses topay the alms-tax,on theDayofResurrectionAllahwilltransformhiswealthintoacobrawithtwovenomglandsthatwillcoilitselfaroundhimandbe told, 'Tightenyourgriponhimjustashewas tight-fistedwithyou in theworld.’This is inaccordancewithAllah'sverseintheQur'an:"Theywillbecollaredwithwhattheygrudge…"[Qur'an3:180]11–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,'Thosewhorefusetopaythealms-taxasktobereturnedtotheworld

atthetimeofdeath,asperAllah'sverseintheQur'an:"Whendeathcomestooneofthem,hesays,'MyLord!Takemeback,thatImayactrighteouslyinwhatIhaveleftbehind.”[Qur'an23:99]12–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,'Therearethreetypesofpeoplethatareconsideredthieves:theone

whorefuses topay thealms-tax, theonewhospendshiswife'sdowryunlawfully,and theonewhotakesaloanwithnointentiontorepayit.’[Biharal-Anwar,p.12,no.15]13– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Hewho refuses to pay [asmeagre an amount as] a sixteen of a

dirhaminalms-taxmayaswelldieaJeworaChristian.’[Thawabal-Aàmal,p.281,no.7]

ThoseWhoareEntitledtoReceivetheAlms-Tax

14– Imamal-Sadiq (AS),with regards toAllah'sverse in theQur'an: "Charitiesareonly for thepoor…",said,'Thepoormanishewhodoesnotbegfrompeople[despitehispoverty],thedestitutelives in even harsher conditions than him, and the wretched one lives in the most straitenedcircumstancesofall.’[al-Kafi,v.3,p.501,no.16]

ThereisazakatforEverything*

15–ImamAli(AS)said,'Thezakatofpowerisequity.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.5448]16–ImamAli(AS)said,'Thezakatofbeautyischastity.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.5449]17–ImamAli(AS)said,'Thezakatofprosperityisgoodnesstoone'sneighboursandmaintaining

relationswithone'skin.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.5453]18–ImamAli(AS)said,'ThezakatofhealthisexertingoneselfinAllah'sobedience.’[Ghuraral-

Hikam,no.5454]19–ImamAli(AS)said,'ThezakatofcourageisfightinginthewayofAllah.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,

no.5455]20–ImamAli(AS)said,'Fast,forthatisthezakatofthebody.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.99,no.1]21–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,'Verilyuponeverythingisitszakat,andthezakatofknowledgeisto

teachittothosewhoareworthyofit.’[Biharal-Anwar,p.247,no.77]22– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Goodmoral conduct is the zakat of bounties, intercession is the

zakatofhighstatus,ailmentsarethezakatofthebody,amnestyisthezakatofvictory,andallthatyougiveoutzakatonisprotectedfrombeingsnatchedawayfromyou.’[Biharal-Anwar,p.268,no.182]

ObligatoryAlms-TaxPayableonÀhdal-Fitr**

23–ImamAli(AS)said,'Hewhopaystheobligatoryalms-taxattheendofRamazan,Allahusesittomakeupforanydeficitinthealms-taxpaidonhiswealth.’[Wasaelal-Shiàah,v.6,p.220,no.4]24–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,'Givingthealms-taxattheendofthemonthofRamazanconstitutes

fasting just as sending blessings on the Prophet (SAWA) at the end of the prayer completes andconstitutestheprayer.Verilytheonewhofastsandyetintentionallydoesnotpaythealms-taxdue,hisfastingisinvalid.’[al-Faqih,v.2,p.183,no.2085]* zakat: in general Islamic terminology and specifically in Islamic jurisprudence and law, this

referstothealms-taxpayableonone'swealthorproperty.Semantically,theworditselfmeans'purity'and comes from the root zaka (to purify, increase, augment,make thrive). Therefore zakat is thatwhichisgivenoutfromsomethinginordertopurifyitandincreaseitsworth,andthetraditionsinthissectionindicatethatinadditiontothezakatpayableonwealth,thereisalsoazakatpayableonallotherbountiesofAllahthatHehasbestowedonman, inorder topurify them, increase theirworthand make them thrive. In this section, therefore, the word zakat has been left in the Arabic todifferentiateitfromthejuristicterm‘alms-tax’(ed.)**termedzakatal-fitra.Àhdal-Fitr:festivalmarkingtheendofthemonthofRamazan(ed.)

Part13AMICABLENESS

Amicableness

1–TheProphet (SAWA)said, ‘Allahhascommandedmeto treatpeopleamicably justasHehascommandedmetofulfilthereligiousobligations.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.117,no.4]2–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Beingamicabletowardspeopleishalfoffaith,andbeinggentleand

kindtothemishalfoflife.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.117,no.5]3–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Therearethreethingsthatifarenotpresentwithsomeonethentheir

actionsareincomplete:pietypreventingonefromdisobeyingAllah,acharacterthroughwhichoneisamicabletowardspeople,andclemencywithwhichtodealwiththerashnessoftheignorant.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.116,no.1]4– ImamAli (AS) said, ‘The fruit of [strong] intellect is amicablenesswith people.’[Ghurar al-

Hikam,no.4629]5– ImamAli (AS) said, ‘The security of thisworld and theHereafter lies in amicablenesswith

people.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.5610]6–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Whoeverisamicabletowardshisenemiesissecurefromwar.’[Ghuraral-

Hikam,no.8539]7– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Whoever is not improved by the goodness of amicableness will be

improvedbytheevilconsequences[oftheabsenceofit].’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.8202]8– ImamAli (AS)when reprimanding his companions said, ‘How long should I continue to be

amicablewithyouthewayoneisamicablewithcamelswithahollowhump,ortowornclotheswhichwhenstitchedononesidegivewayontheother…andverilyIknowwhatcanimproveyouandhowtostraightenyourcrookedness,butIshallnotimproveyourconditionbymarringmyself.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Sermon69]

Part14AMITY

Amity

1-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Movingmountainsiseasierthanbringinghostileheartstogether.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.11,no.70]2-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Thespeedofamitybetweentheheartsofpiouspeoplewhentheymeet

–eveniftheydonotshowtheirmutualloveontheirtongues–islikethespeedoftherainwaterwhenitmixeswiththewaterofrivers.Andthedistancebetweentheheartsofthewickedwhentheymeet–even if theymakeashowof loveon their tongues– is like thedistancebetweenbeasts thatcannothavemutualaffectionnomatterhowlongtheyeatfromthesametrough.’[Tuhafal-Ùqoul,no.373]

ThereisnoGoodinSomeonewhoDoesnotLikeothers,NorIsHeLikedbyThem

3-TheProphet(SAWA)said, ‘Thebestamongyouare theoneswhohave thebestmoral traits,thosewholikeothersandarewell-liked.’[Ibid.no.45]4-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Thebestof thebelieversis theonewhois lovedbythebelievers,

andthereisnogoodtobefoundinsomeonewhodoesnotlikeothersnorishelikedbythem.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.75,p.265,no.9]

Part15ANGER

AngeristheKeytoAllEvils

1–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Angerisasmoulderingember[kindledby]Satan.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.73,p.265,no.15]2–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Rageisatypeofmadnessbecausetheoneenragedfeelsregretlateron,

andifhedoesnotfeelregret,thenhismadnesshasbecomeingrained.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Saying255]3–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Angeristhekeytoallevils.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.303,no.3]4–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Angerissuchthatitdestroystheheartofeventhewiseman.’[al-Kafi,

v.2,p.305,no.13]

EnjoinmentofControllingOne’sAnger

5–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘ShallItellyouwhoisthetoughestandstrongestfromamongyou?Theonewhocontrolshimselfwhenheisangry.’[Nathral-Durar,v.1,p.183]6–Imamal-Baqir(AS)said,‘Thereisnostrengthlikebeingabletorepelone’sanger.’[Tuhafal-

Ùqoul,no.286]7– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘He who has no control over his anger has no control over his

reason.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.305,no.13]

EnjoinmentofSuppressingOne’sAnger

8– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Verily there is a door to Hell, the entrance into which will bereserved for onewho vented his anger through committing an act of disobedience toAllah,mostHigh.’[Tanbihal-Khawatir,v.1,p.121]9– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘He who curbs his anger, Allah will curb His punishment from

him.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.73,p.263,no.7]10–Imamal-Baqir(AS)said,‘Hewhosuppresseshisangerdespitebeingabletoventit,Allahwill

fillhisheartwithpeaceandsecurityontheDayofResurrection.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.110,no.7]11–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Whatagooddoseangerisforhewhocanswallowit…’[al-Kafi,v.

2,p.109,no.3]

TheRemedyforAnger

12–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘OAli,donotgetangry,andifyoudogetangry,thensitdownandreflectuponthepowerofyourLordoverHiscreationandHisclemencytowardstheminspiteofit.And whenever anyone tells you [condescendingly] to fear Allah, expel your anger and remindyourselfofyourclemency.’[Tuhafal-Ùqoul,no.14]13–ImamAli (AS)said, ‘Remedyyourangerwithsilence,andyourcarnaldesire throughyour

reason.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.5155]

ThePraiseworthinessofAngerfortheSakeofAllah

14–ProphetMoses (AS) [addressedAllah]saying, ‘OLord,whoareyourspecialpeoplewhomYou will shade with the shade of Your Throne on the day when no shade will avail except YourShade?’ So Allah revealed to him, ‘… and those who are angered when the things that I haveprohibitedaredeemedlawful[bypeople],thewayaleopardisangeredwhenitiswounded!’[Wasaelal-Shiàah,v.11,p.416,no.3]15– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘He (SAWA) [i.e. the Prophet] never used to get angry over worldly

matters,butwhenhedidgetangryforthesakeofthetruth,hewasunrecognisableandnothingcouldrestrainhis angeruntilhehad triumphed inhis case [for the truth].’[al-Mahajjat al-Baydha,v.5,p.303]16– ImamAli (AS) said, ‘Hewho displays his ill-feeling towards the immoral people and gets

angryforthesakeofAllah,Allahwillgetangryforhissakeandwillrenderhimwell-pleasedontheDayofResurrection.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Saying31]

Part16ANIMALS

TheRightsofAnimals

1–When theProphet (SAWA)sawashe-camel,whosekneeswere tiedup,carryingher load,hesaid, ‘Where is her owner?Tell him that he should prepare for the lawsuit tomorrow [theDay ofResurrection].’[Biharal-Anwar,v.7,p.276,no.50]2–TheProphet (SAWA) said, ‘VerilyAllah lovesgentleness andHe aids in implementing it, so

whenyouridealeananimal,dismountitattherightplaceforifthelandisbarrenandaridthengetawayfromitandifthelandislushandfertilethendismounttheanimal[andallowittorest].’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.120,no.12]3–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Mounttheseanimalssoundlyandlookafterthemproperlyanddo

nottreatthemaschairsforyourconversationsinthestreetsandthemarkets,formanyridinganimalsarebetter than their riderandaremore rememberingofAllah–BlessedandmostHigh.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.24957]4– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘The animal has six rights over its owner: once the owner has

dismountedtheanimalheshouldallowittograze,heshouldgiveitaccesstowateriftheypassbyit,heshouldnothittheanimalexceptwhenittrulydeservesit,heshouldnotburdenitwithaloadthatitcannotbear,heshouldnotovertaskitwithajourneythatitcannotendureandheshouldnotsitonitforlengthyperiodsoftime.’[Mustadrakal-Wasail,v.8,p.258,no.9393]5–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Donothitanimalsontheirfacesforverilytheypraiseandglorify

Allah.’[al-Kafi,v.6,p.538,no.4]6–TheProphet (SAWA) said, ‘Aprostitutewas forgivenwhen shepassed a pantingdog almost

dyingof thirstat thefootofawell,wherebyshe tookoffhershoeandtied it toherheadscarfandlowereditintothewelltoextractwater[forthedog],andforthatactionshewasforgiven.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.43116]7–TheProphet (SAWA) said, ‘No animal, including a bird or any other kind, is killed unjustly

except that itwill raise a complaint against him [the killer] on theDay ofResurrection.’[Kanz al-Ùmmal,no.39968]8–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Whoeverkillsasparrowinvain,itwillcryouttoAllahagainsthim

ontheDayofResurrectionsaying,‘OmyLord,soandsokilledmeinvainanddidnotkillmeforanyusefulpurpose.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.39971]9– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘If the oppression that you have committed towards animals is

forgivenforyou, then[realize that]youhavebeenforgivena lot [ofyoursins].’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.24973]10–TheProphet(SAWA)said, ‘AreyounotGodwarywithrespect to thisanimal thatAllahhas

allowedyoutopossess?!Becauseverilyithascomplainedtomethatyoukeepithungryandtireitout.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.24982]11– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘May the curse of Allah be on the one who treats an animal

harshly.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.24971]12– Ibn Àbbas narrates, ‘The Prophet (SAWA) forbade the killing of any living thing unless it

causesharm.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.39981]13–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Verilyawomanwaschastisedforthefactthatshetiedupacatand

leftittillitdiedofthirst.’[Makarimal-Akhlaq,v.1,p.280,no.864]

Part17THEANSWER

1–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Wherethereareseveralanswers,thecorrectonewillremainhidden.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Saying243]2–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Sometimeseventheeloquentfailstocomeupwithananswer.’[Ghuraral-

Hikam,no.5378]3–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Hewhorushestogiveanswerswillnotperceivethetruth.’[Ibid.no.8640]4–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Oneoftheproofsofvirtueisgivingcorrectanswers.’[Ibid.no.9417]5–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Leavesharpnessandreflectinsteadontheargument,andavoididletalkin

ordertobesafefromerror.’[Ibid.no.5136]6–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Ifyouremainclementwiththeignorant,yougivehimindeedanadequate

answer.’[Ibid.no.4104]7–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Manyaspeechisansweredbysilence.’[Ibid.no.5303]8– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘He who answers regarding all that is asked is mad.’[Maàni al-

Akhbar,p.238,no.2]

Part18[ALLAH’S]ANTIPATHY

ThoseWhomAllahDespises

1-TheProphet (SAWA)said, ‘Allahdespises theadulterousoldman, thewealthyoppressor, thearrogant pauper, and the persistent beggar;He nullifies the reward of the bragging doner, and hehatestheblatantlyinsolentliar.’[Tuhafal-Ùqoul,no.42]2–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Allah,theExalted,despisesanyonewhoisknowledgeableaboutthis

world,butignorantabouttheHereafter.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,28982]3– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Allah despises anyone who is ill-mannered, swaggering [in his

gait], frequenting the markets, a corpse by night, [sleeping] like a donkey during the day,knowledgeableaboutthisworld,butignorantabouttheHereafter.’[‘UyounAkhbaral-Ridha(AS),v.2,p.28,no.24]4– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Allah despises a man who does not fight intruders in his

home.’[Ibid.no.43679]5- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Allah, the Exalted, despises the insolent man who is audacious [in

committing]actsofdisobedience.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.3437]6-ImamAli(AS)said,‘TheProphet(SAWA)usedtosay,‘Allahdespisestheonewhofrownsat

thefacesofhisbrethren.’[Mustadrakal-Wasail,v.8,p.321,no.9552]7-Imamal-Baqir(AS)said,‘Allahdespisesthevilepersonwhodisplayshisvicespublicly.’[Bihar

al-Anwar,v.71,p.383,no.17]

ThePeopleAllahDespisesMost

8-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘ThreepeoplethatAllahdespisesmostare:amanwhosleepsalotinthedaywithouthavingwokenuptoprayatnight,amanwhoeatsalotwithoututteringthenameofAllah or praisingHimupon starting to eat, and amanwho laughs a lotwithout reason.’[Kanz al-Ùmmal,no.21431]9– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘Three people that Allah despises most are: an atheist in the

Sanctuary[ofMakkah],amanwhoseeksthepre-IslamicpaganpracticeintheeraIslam,andamanwhoseekstoshedanother ’sbloodwithoutanyjustcause.’[Ibid.no.43833]10–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Themostdespised,byAllah,fromamongyouarethosewhoroam

aboutgossipingandseparatingbrothers,andseekingoutflawsininnocentpeople.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.71,p.383,no.17]11– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘The most despised by Allah, the Exalted, from among His

creaturesisthescholarwhofrequentstherulers.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.28985]12–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Verilythemostdespicablefromamongyoutomeandthefarthest

awayfrommeontheDayofJudgmentaretheprattlers,thepretentious,andthemutafayhiqoun.’Hewas asked, ‘O Messenger of Allah! Who are the mutafayhiqoun?’ He said, ‘Those who arearrogant.’[Ibid.no.43833]13-ImamAli(AS)said,‘ThepersonmostdespisedbyAllahfromamongallHiscreaturesisthe

backbiter.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.3128]14- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The person most despised by Allah, the Exalted, from among His

creaturesis theonewhosegreatestconcernsare[satingtheappetiteof]hisstomachandhisprivateparts.’[Ibid.no.3294]15-ImamAli(AS)said,‘ThepersonmostdespisedbyAllah,theExalted,istheignorantone.’[Ibid.

no.3359]16–ImamAli(AS)said,‘ThemostdespisedofcreaturesinthesightofAllahisamanwhogathers

scatteredpiecesofknowledge,deceiving[people]inthedarknessofchaos,andblindedtowhatlieshiddenintranquility.Hispeersfromamongthepeoplecallhimascholar,buthehimselfhasneverbenefitedonefulldayfromhisknowledge.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.44220]17- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The person most despised by Allah, the Exalted, is the overbearing

scholar.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.3164]18-Imamal-Baqir(AS)narrated,‘Moses(AS)said,‘OLord!WhodoYoudespisethemostfrom

amongYourservants?’Hereplied,‘Theonewho[sleepslike]acorpsebynightandisidleduringtheday.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.76,p.180,no.8]19-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘ThepersonmostdespisedfromamongAllah’screaturesisaman

whose[sharp]tonguepeoplearewaryof.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.323,no.4]

ActsDespisedByAllah

20-TheProphet (SAWA) said, ‘Nothing ismore despisedbyAllah than a full stomach.’[UyounAkhbaral-Ridha(AS),v.2,p.36,no.89]21-TheProphet(SAWA)saidtothearchangelGabriel,‘WhichplaceismostdespisedbyAllah?’

Hesaid,‘Themarketplaces,andthemostdespisedfromamongthosewhofrequentthemishewhoisthefirsttoenterandthelasttoleave.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.84,p.4,no.76]22-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Allahdespisesexcessivesleepandexcessiveidleness.’[Ibid.v.76,p.

180,no.10]23-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘ThreethingsdeservetheantipathyofAllah,theExalted:[excessive]

sleepingwithoutnight-vigil,laughingwithoutacause,andeatingonafullstomach.’[al-Khisal,p.89,no.25]24-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Amanfrom[thetribeof]KhathàmcametotheProphet(SAWA),

asking,‘WhichdeedsarethemostdespisedbyAllah,theExalted?’TheProphetreplied,‘AssociatinganyonewithAllah.’Themanasked, ‘Thenwhat?’Hesaid, ‘Cuttingoffone’skin.’Themanasked,‘Thenwhat?’Hesaid,‘Enjoiningevilandforbiddingwhatisgood.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.290,no.4]25- Imam al-Rida (AS) said, ‘Allah, theExalted, despises gossip,wastingmoney, and persistent

begging.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.335,no.16]

Malice

26-TheProphet (SAWA)said, ‘Youhavebeen sneakeduponby theplagueofpreviousnations:jealousyandmalice.’[Maànial-Akhbar,p.367,no.1]27- Imamal-Sadiq (AS)said, ‘Three thingsbringaboutmalice:hypocrisy,oppression,andself-

admiration.’[Tuhafal-Ùqoul,no.316]

Part19ANXIETY

WarningAgainstAnxiety

1-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Allahdeteststwosounds:[thesoundof]wailingatacatastrophe,and[thesoundof]afluteinthetimeofprosperity.’[Tuhafal-Ùqoul,no.40]2-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Bewareofanxiety,foritcutsoffhope,weakensaction,andbringssorrow.

Andknowthatthewayout[oftrouble]liesintwothings:resourcefulnesswhereastratagemexists,andperseverancewhereverstratagemsfail.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.82,p.144,no.29]3-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Overcomeanxietywithpatience,foranxietyerases[Allah’s]rewardand

augmentsthecatastrophe.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.2527]4-ImamAli(AS),uponhearingtheweepingofwomenforthedeadkilledinthebattleofSiffin,

said, ‘Do yourwomen prevail over you fromwhat I can hear?! Can you not prohibit them frommakingthisdin?!’[Nahjal-Balagha,Saying322]5- Imamal-Baqir (AS) said, ‘Theworst expressionofgrief is screamingandwailingwith loud

cries,beatingone’sfaceandchest,tearingoutone’shair;andamanwhotakesupwailingisamanwhohasabandonedpatience.’[Musakkinal-Fu’ad,p.99]6-Imamal-Kazim(AS)said,‘Thecatastropheisbutasingleoneforthepatientman,andtwofor

theanxiousone.’[Tuhafal-Ùqoul,no.414]

Part20ASCETICISM

TheVirtueofAsceticism

1–TheProphet (SAWA)said, 'PeoplecannotworshipAllahwithanythingbetter thanasceticismfromworldlypleasures.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.70,p.322]2–ImamAli(AS)said,'AsceticismisthedistinguishingcharacteristicofGodwarypeopleandthe

naturaldispositionofthosewhoturntoAllah.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.1713]3– ImamAli (AS) said, 'Verily among thequalities thatgreatlydevelopone’s faith is abstention

fromworldlypleasures.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.128,no.3]4–Imamal-Baqir(AS)said,'InoneofHisconversationswithProphetMoses(AS),Allahtoldhim

thefollowing,'…thosewhoseektoadornthemselves[forMe]havenobetterapparelthanabstentionfromtheworldlypleasuresthattheyfindindispensable.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.13,p.349,no.37]5–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,'Allgoodnesshasbeenplacedinonehouse,anditskeyisasceticism

andrestraintfromworldlypleasures.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.73,p.49,no.20]

TheRealMeaningofAsceticism

6–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Asceticismfromworldlypleasuresmeanstocutshortone’shopesof thisworld, to begrateful for every singlebounty, to havepiety and tokeep away fromall thatwhichAllahhasprohibited.’[Tuhafal-Ùqoul,no.58]7–TheProphet(SAWA)said,'Asceticismisnottoprohibitoneselfthatwhichisallowed.Ratherit

istofindthatwhichiswithAllahmoresecurethanthatwhichisinone'sownpossession.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.77,p.172,no.8]8–ImamAli(AS)said,'AsceticismissummedupbetweentwophrasesintheQur ’an,whereAllah,

mostHigh,says,"Sothatyoumaynotgrieveforwhathasescapedyou,norbeexultantatwhatHehasgiven you.” Therefore, one who neither grieves about past losses nor is overjoyed about thepossessionsheisgrantedhasperfectedhisasceticismfrombothsides.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.70,p.317,no.23]9–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,'AsceticismisthekeytothedooroftheHereafterandimmunityfrom

theFire, and it is to abandonall those things thatpreoccupyyou fromAllah,neither experiencingregret upon their loss, nor self-admiration for having abandoned them, nor awaiting deliverancefrom them, nor seeking praise on account of them, and nor anything else in exchange for them.Ratheryouseetheirlossasasourceofcomfortandtheirpresenceasasourceofmisfortune,suchthatyouconsistentlyrunawayfrommisfortuneandseekrefugeincomfort.’[Biharal-Anwar,p.315,no.20]

QualitiesoftheOneWhoPracticesAsceticism

10–ImamAli(AS)said,'Theonewhopracticesasceticismfromworldlypleasuresissuchthatheneither allows the prohibited things to overcome his perseverance [in the way of Allah], nor thepermissiblethingstodistracthimfromgratefulnesstoAllah.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.37,no.3]11–ImamAli(AS)said,'Thosewhorestrainthemselvesfromworldlypleasuresaresuchthattheir

hearts are weeping though outwardly they may laugh, they experience great sorrow though theydisplay joy, and they are filled with self-contempt though they rejoice at all that they have beenbestowed.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Sermon113]12– Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when asked to define the ascetic, said, 'The ascetic is the one who

renouncesthepermissiblethingsinthisworldforfearofhavingtoaccountforthem,andrenouncestheforbiddenthingsofthisworldforfearofpunishmentforthem.’[ÀuyounAkhbaral-Ridha(AS),v.2,p.52,no.199]13–Imamal-Rida(AS),whenaskedaboutthequalitiesoftheascetic,replied,'Hemanagestostill

his hungerwithout pursuit of food, he iswell-prepared forhis death, andwearyofhis life in thisworld.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.349,no.6]

FactorsthatElicitAsceticism

14–ImamAli(AS)said,'Thepersonbestabletopracticeabstemiousnessishewhounderstandstheinferiorityofthisworldlylife.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.3209]15–ImamAli(AS)said, 'Howcanonerenouncethepleasuresof thisworldwhenhehasnotyet

fathomedtheworthoftheHereafter?!’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.6987]16– Imamal-Baqir (AS)said, 'Rememberdeath frequently, fornosoonerdoesman increasehis

remembranceofdeaththanhebeginstorenouncethisworld'slife.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.73,p.64,no.31]17–Imamal-Kazim(AS)oncesaidwhilestandingatagraveside,‘Indeedsomethingthatendswith

this[i.e.death]isworthyofitsbeginningbeingspentinabstemiousness.Andindeedsomethingthatbeginswiththisisworthyofitsendbeingfearedwithapprehension.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.320,no.9]18– Imam al-Àaskari (AS) said, 'If the inhabitants of this world used their intellect, the world

wouldself-destruct[foritwouldceasetobeofanyimportance].’[Biharal-Anwar,p.377,no.3]

TheBenefitsofAsceticism

19–TheProphet(SAWA)said,'Abstainingfromthevainpleasuresofthisworldputstheheartandthe body at rest,whereas longing for them exhausts the heart and the body.’[Kanz al-Ùmmal, no.6060]20–ImamAli(AS)said, 'Hewhorenouncesthisworldlylife,neitherconcerninghimselfwithits

basenessnorvyingforitsglory,AllahrewardshimwithagiftthatisunobtainablethroughanyofHiscreatures, grants him knowledge without the need for learning, secures wisdom in his heart andmakesitflowuponhistongue.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.63,no.155]21– ImamAli (AS) said, 'Abstain from the vain pleasures of this world and divinemercy will

descenduponyou.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.2275]22–ImamAli(AS)said,'Abstainingfromthevainpleasuresofthisworldisthegreatestsourceof

comfort.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.1316]23– Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS) said, 'He who renounces the world's vain pleasures finds its

afflictionstrivialandisnotbotheredbythemasaresult.’[Tuhafal-Ùqoul,no.281]24–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,'Itisforbiddenforyourheartsthattheyshouldtastethesweetnessof

faithuntilandunlesstheyabstainfromthepleasuresofthisworld.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.63,no.155]

TheMostAbstemiousofPeople

25–TheProphet(SAWA)said,'Themostabstemiousofpeopleishewhorenouncestheprohibitedthings.’[Amalial-Saduq,p.27,no.4]26– ImamAli (AS) said, 'Do not be of those who try to secure the Hereafter bymeans of the

worldlylife…theydisparagethisworldusingasceticterms,yetactlikethosewhocovetit.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.68,no.16]27– ImamAli (AS) said, 'The best level of asceticism is to conceal one's asceticism.’[Nahj al-

Balagha,Saying28]28–ImamAli(AS)said,'Whenanabstemiouspersonfleesfrompeople,seekafterhim,andwhen

heseeksafterpeople,fleefromhim.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,nos.3078-3079]29– ImamZayn al-Abidin (AS) said, 'Allah says, 'O son ofAdam, be satisfiedwithwhat I have

givenyouandyouwillbeamongthemostabstemiousofpeople.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.139,no.22]30–Imamal-Kazim(AS)said, 'Verilyhewho ismostpersevering in the faceofadversity is the

mostabstemiousfromamongyou.’[Biharal-Anwar,p.308,no.1]

Part21ASSURANCE

Assurance

1-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Ifamantrustsyouwithhisblood[i.e. thatyouwillsparehislife]thendonotkillhim.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.10909]2–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Whenamanassuresanotherofsparinghislifeandthenkillshim,

[knowthat]Irenouncethekiller,evenifthevictimisanunbeliever.’[Ibid.no.10930]

AdheringToSureties

3- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Adhere to sureties [that you are liable for] in all firmness.’[Nahj al-Balagha,Saying155]4- ImamAli (AS) said, in his epistle toMÁlik al-Ashtar: ‘And if youmake a covenant between

yourselfandyourenemyorgivehimasurety[againstlifeorproperty],thenstandbyyourpactwithloyaltyandobserveyourliabilitywithtrustworthiness.Makeyourselftheshieldforyourword,forthereisnothingfromAllah’smandatesthatallpeopleagreeupon,despitetheirdiverseopinionsoneverything else, as much as they do with regards to respecting the fulfilment of covenants.’[Ibid.Letter53]

RespectingCovenantsofProtection

5-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Itisuptomycommunitytoprotectthosewhoareunderthem[i.e.non-MuslimslivinginMuslimlands][Thisreferstothefreenon-MuslimsubjectslivinginMuslimlandswho,inreturnforpayingthecapitaltax,enjoyedprotectionandsafetytherein(ed.)].’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.10932]6–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘TheMuslimsarebrothers,theirbloodisco-equal,thoseunderthem

strivetosecuretheirprotection,andtheyarelikeonehandagainsttheirenemy.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.100,p.46,no.6]

Part22BACKBITING

ProhibitionofBackbiting

1–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘OnthenightthatIwastakenonmyNight-Journey[totheheavens],Ipassedbyagroupofpeoplescratchingtheirownfaceswiththeirnails,soIasked,‘OGabriel,whoare thesepeople?’sohereplied, ‘Thesearepeoplewhobackbitaboutotherpeopleanddisparagedtheirreputations.’[Tanbihal-Khawatir,v.1,p.115]2–TheProphet (SAWA) said, ‘Backbiting isworse than adultery’, atwhichhewas asked, ‘How

so?’He replied, ‘Amancommitsadultery, then repents, andAllahpardonshim for it,whereas thebackbiterisnotforgivenuntilhisvictimforgiveshim.’[al-Targhibwaal-Tarhib,v.3,p.511,no.24]3– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Backbiting is the attempt of one who is incapable [of doing better

himself].’[Nahjal-Balagha,Saying461]4– Imam al-Husayn (AS) said to amanwhowas backbiting about aman in his presence, ‘Stop

backbiting,forverilyitisthefoodofthedogsofHell.’[Tuhafal-Ùqoul,no.245]5–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Donotbackbitelestyoubecomeavictimofbackbiting,anddonot

digaholeforyourbrother lestyoufall in ityourself, foryouwillbepaidbackwhateveryouputin.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.75,p.249,no.16]6–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)narrated,‘AmanoncecameandtoldAlib.al-Husayn(AS)[i.e.ImamZayn

al-Abidin],‘Verilyxhassaidthatyouareastrayandthatyouareaninnovator!’SoAlib.al-Husayn(AS)saidtohim,‘Neitherhaveyouobservedtherightofthemanyousatwithbytransmittingtouswhat he spoke about, nor have you observed my right by informing me of something about mybrotherwhichIwouldnothaveknown!…BewareofbackbitingforverilyitisthefoodofthedogsofHell,andknowthatwhoeverfrequentlytalksaboutpeople’sfaults,thefrequencyofhisbackbitingis a witness [to the fact] that he only finds faults in others according to the extent present inhimself.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.75,p.246,no.8]

BackbitingandFaith

7–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Backbitingeatsawayataman’sfaithfasterthanagangrenoussorecaneatawaytotheinside.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.357,no.1]8–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘WhoeverbackbitesafellowMuslimmanorwoman,Allahneither

accepts his prayer nor his fasting for forty days and nights, until and unless the victim of hisbackbitingforgiveshim.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.75,p.258,no.53]9–TheProphet(SAWA)said, ‘OntheDayofResurrection,amanwillbebroughtforth tostand

beforeAllah, andhisbookofdeedswillbepresented tohim,andhewillnot seeanyofhisgooddeedstherein,uponwhichhewillexclaim,‘MyGod,thisisnotmybook!ForverilyIdonotseeanyofmy acts of obedience therein?!’Sohewill be told, ‘Verily yourLordneither loses nor forgets[deeds], but your deeds have gone because of your backbiting people.’ Then anothermanwill bebrought forth, and will be presented his book of deeds, and he will see many acts of obediencerecordedtherein,andwillexclaim,‘MyGod, this isnotmybook!ForverilyIdidnotperformalltheseactsofobedience!’andhewillbetold,‘Itisbecausesoandsobackbityou,sohisdeedshavebeentransferredtoyou.’[Jamiàal-Akhbar,p.412,no.1144]

TheMeaningofBackbiting

10– The Prophet (SAWA) said to Abu Dharr, ‘O Abu Dharr, beware of backbiting, for verilybackbitingisworsethanadultery…’[AbuDharrnarrates],Iasked,‘OProphetofAllah,andwhatisbackbiting?’ to which he replied, ‘Your mentioning something about your fellow brother that hewouldnotlike.’Iasked,‘OProphetofAllah,andwhatifthethingmentionedabouthimwasactuallytrueabouthim?’sohereplied,‘Knowthatifyousaysomethingabouthimthatistruethenyouhaveindeedbackbitabouthim,andifyouwhatyouhavesaidisnottrue,thenyouhaveindeedslanderedhim.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.77,p.89,no.3]11–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Backbitingis tosaysomethingaboutyourbrother thathewould

notlike.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.8024]12–Àamrb.Shu’aybnarrated,ontheauthorityofhisfather,ontheauthorityofhisgrandfather,

thatsomepeoplespokeaboutamaninthepresenceoftheProphet(SAWA),saying,‘Hedoesnoteatunlessheisfed,anddoesnotgooutunlessamountismadereadyforhim.’SotheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Youhavetalkedabouthimbehindhisback’towhichtheyreplied,‘OProphetofAllah,wehaveonlysaidwhatistrue!’soheexclaimed,‘Itisbadenoughtotalkaboutyourbrotherregardingwhatistrue[letalonewhatisfalse]!’[al-Targhibwaal-Tarhib,v.3,p.506,no.13]13–Imamal-Kazim(AS)said,‘Hewhotalksaboutsomeonebehindhisback,mentioningwhatis

trueabouthim,andwhatpeoplealreadyknow, thenhehasnotbackbitabouthim,whereashewhotalksaboutsomeonebehindhisbackaboutsomethingthatistruebutthatpeopledonotknowabout,thenhehasbackbitabouthim.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.358,no.6]

PeoplewhomoneisallowedtoBackbite

14–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Fourtypesofpeoplearesuchthattalkingaboutthembehindtheirbacks is not considered backbiting: the immoral person who makes a public display of hisimmorality;thedishonestleaderwho,evenifyouweretobegoodtowouldnotappreciateyouandifyouweretobebadtowouldnotforgiveyou;thosewhojokeabouttheir[andothers’]mothers;andonewhoisadissenter,whodefamesmycommunity,anddrawshisswordagainstit.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.75,p.261,no.64]15–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Untilwhenwillyousidesteptalkingabouttheimpudentperson?!

Disgrace him [through disclosing his insolent acts] so that people may be on their guard againsthim.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.8074]

ListeningtoBackbiting

16–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Theonewholistenstobackbitingisas[badas]thebackbiter.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.1171]17–ImamAli (AS)sawamanbackbitingsomeone in thepresenceofhisson,al-Hasan(AS), to

whomhe said, ‘Omy son, steer your hearing clear of such a person, for verily he took themostrepulsivethingfromhismindandpoureditintoyours!’[al-Ikhtisas,p.225]18–ImamZaynal-Abidin(AS)said,‘Therightoftheearsistokeepthempurefromlisteningto

backbiting,andfromthatwhichisunlawfultolistento.’[al-Khisal,p.566,no.1]

TheRewardforDeterringBackbiting

19–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Whoeverdoesagoodservicetohisfellowbrotherbydeterringpeoplefromtalkingbehindhisbackinagatheringwherehehearsthembackbitinghim,AllahwillrepelfromhimathousandtypesofevilinthisworldaswellasintheHereafter.’[Amalial-Saduq,p.350]20– The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘He inwhose presence a fellowMuslim brother is talked about

behindhisback,andwhodoesnotdefendhimdespitehavingtheabilitytodoso,AllahdisgraceshiminthisworldaswellasintheHereafter.’[al-Faqih,v.4,p.372]

ThePenanceforBackbiting

21–TheProphet (SAWA)wasaskedabout thepenanceforbackbiting, towhichhereplied, ‘YoumustseekAllah’sforgivenessonbehalfoftheoneyouhavetalkedabouteverytimeyourememberhim.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.357,no.4]22–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Whenoneofyoubackbitesabouthisfellowbrother,hemustseek

forgivenessfromAllahforthatispenanceforit.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.8037]

Part23BANES

1- The Prophet (SAWA) said, ‘The bane of humour is lack of shame; the bane of courage isaggression; the bane of generosity is mentioning one’s favors to others; the bane of beauty isarrogance; thebaneofworship isabeyance; thebaneof speech is lying; thebaneofknowledge isforgetfulness;thebaneofwisdomisfoolishness;thebaneofgoodlineageispride;andthebaneofliberalityiswastefulness.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.44091]2-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Thebaneofreligionisdesire.’[Ibid.no.44121]3-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Foreverythingthereisabane:thebaneofknowledgeisforgetfulness;the

baneofworshipisshowing-off;thebaneoftheconscienceisself-admiration;thebaneoflineageispride; the bane of humor is lack of shame; the bane of liberality is wastefulness; the bane ofbashfulness is weakness; the bane of clemency is submissiveness; and the bane of stamina isdegeneracy.’[Ibid.no.44226]4-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Cowardlinessisanaffliction.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.89]5-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Desireisthebaneofthehearts.’[Ibid.no.314]6-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneoffaithisidolatry.’[Ibid.no.3915]7-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofcertaintyisdoubt.’[Ibid.no.3916]8-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofbountyisingratitude.’[Ibid.no.3917]9-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofobedienceis[theensuing]disobedience.’[Ibid.no.3918]10-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofgoodlineageispride.’[Ibid.no.3919]11-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofclevernessisdeception.’[Ibid.no.3920]12-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofworshipisshowing-off.’[Ibid.no.3921]13- ImamAli (AS)said, ‘Thebaneofgenerosity ismentioningone’s favors toothers.’[Ibid.no.

3923]14-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofreligionissuspicion.’[Ibid.no.3924]15-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneoftheintellectisdesire.’[Ibid.no.3925]16-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Theobstaclesoffatearethebaneofglory.’[Ibid.no.3922]17-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofthesoulisinfatuationwiththisworld.’[Ibid.no.3926]18-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofcounselisthecontradictionofopinions.’[Ibid.no.3927]19-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thedownfallofkingsisbadconduct.’[Ibid.no.3928]20-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thedownfallofministersisacorruptheart.’[Ibid.no.3929]21-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Theruinationofscholarsistheloveofleadership.’[Ibid.no.3930]22-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thedownfallofrulersisweakmanagement.’[Ibid.no.3931]23- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The ruination of soldiers is disobeying their commanders.’[Ibid. no.

3932]24-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneoftrainingisthetriumphof[one’s]habit.’[Ibid.no.3933]25-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Theruinationofsubjectsisabandoningobedience.’[Ibid.no.3934]26-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofpietyislackofcontentment.’[Ibid.no.3935]27-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thedownfallofjudgesisgreed.’[Ibid.no.3936]28-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thedownfalloftheuprightislackofpiety.’[Ibid.no.3937]29-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Theruinofabravemanisthelossofresolve.’[Ibid.no.3938]30- ImamAli (AS) said, ‘The downfall of the strongman is underestimating the foe.’[Ibid. no.

3939]31-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofclemencyissubmissiveness.’[Ibid.no.3940]32-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofgivingisprocrastination.’[Ibid.no.3941]33-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofeconomyisparsimony.’[Ibid.no.3942]34-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofaweishumor.’[Ibid.no.3943]35-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofthequestisfailure.’[Ibid.no.3944]36-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofsovereigntyislackofprotection.’[Ibid.no.3945]

37-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofpactsislackofcompliance.’[Ibid.no.3946]38-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofruleispride.’[Ibid.no.3950]39-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofnarrationislying.’[Ibid.no.3947]40-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofknowledgeisnotputtingitintopractice.’[Ibid.no.3948]41-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofworkisabandoningsincerity.’[Ibid.no.3949]42-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofgenerosityispoverty.’[Ibid.no.3951]43-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Theruinofordinarypeopleisatreacherousscholar.’[Ibid.no.3952]44-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofjusticeisapowerfuloppressor.’[Ibid.no.3953]45-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofcivilizationisthetyrannyofrulers.’[Ibid.no.3954]46-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofpowerisblockingkinddeeds.’[Ibid.no.3955]47-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneoftheheartisself-admiration.’[Ibid.no.3956]48-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneoftalkingislying.’[Ibid.no.3957]49-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofworksistheincompetenceofworkers.’[Ibid.no.3958]50-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofhopeisthearrivalofdeath.’[Ibid.no.3959]51-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofloyaltyisbetrayal.’[Ibid.no.3960]52-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofresolveisthepassageofopportunity.’[Ibid.no.3961]53-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneoftrustistreachery.’[Ibid.no.3962]54-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Theruinofthejuristsislackofpiety.’[Ibid.no.3963]55-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofliberalityissquandering.’[Ibid.no.3964]56-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Theruinoflivelihoodislackofprudence[inspending].’[Ibid.no.3965]57-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofspeechislengthyelaboration.’[Ibid.no.3966]58-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofwealthismiserliness.’[Ibid.no.3969]59-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofhopeisdeath.’[Ibid.no.3970]60-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofgoodnessisacorruptcompanion.’[Ibid.no.3971]61-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebaneofpowerisaggressionandtyranny.’[Ibid.no.3972]62- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The fountainhead of all afflictions is infatuation with vain

pleasures.’[Ibid.no.5244]63-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Theworstafflictionoftheintellectisarrogance.’[Ibid.no.5752]* The Arabic word Áfa means ‘bane’ when translated as accurately as possible into English,

denoting something that is a constant source of misery or annoyance for something else, orsomethingthatcausesthedownfallorruinofsomethingelse,thoughithasbeentranslateddifferentlyaccording to its various contexts in this chapter, where it may denote an affliction in itself, or amisfortuneorplague(ed.)

Part24THEBATHHOUSE

TheBathhouse

1– Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The best of houses is the bathhouse for in it the Fire [of Hell] isrememberedand[bodily]dirtisremoved.’[al-Faqih,v.1,p.115,no.237]2–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Threethingscauseweightgainandthreeotherscauseweightloss.As

for those that cause weight gain – excessive use of the bathhouse, smelling sweet fragrance andwearingsoftclothing.Andasfor those thatcauseweight loss, theyare:eatingtoomanyeggs,fishandunripedates.’[al-Khisal,p.155,no.194]3–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Threethingsdestroythebodyandmayevenkillit:eating[cooked]

meatthathasbeenleftovernight,enteringthebathhouseafterovereatingandhavingintercoursewiththeelderly.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.76,p.75,no.19]4– Imamal-Sadiq (AS)said, ‘Donotenter thebathhouseexceptafteryouhaveputsomething in

yourbellythatwillcooltheheatofthestomachforthatstrengthensyourbody.Anddonotenterthebathhousewithafullstomach.’[Makarimal-Akhlaq,v.1,p.125,no.298]5–Imamal-Kazim(AS)said,‘Goingtothebathhouseeveryalternatedaycausesweightgain,and

goingeverydaycausesthefataroundthekidneystomeltaway.’[Makarimal-Akhlaq,v.1,p.126,no.303]

Part25BEAUTY

AllahisBeautifulandHeLovesBeauty

1-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Allah,mostHigh,isbeautifulandHelovesbeauty.AndHelikestosee the evidence of His bounty on His servant. He loathes misery and pretending to bemiserable.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.17166]2-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘AllahlikesforHisservant,whenheleavestomeethisbrothers,to

dresshimselfwellandtobeautifyhimself.’[Makarimal-Akhlaq,v.1,p.85,no.1]3-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Eachoneofyoushouldtrimhismoustacheandthehairsinhisnose

andheshouldgroomhimselfforthisenhanceshisbeauty.’[Qurbal-Isnad,p.67,no.215]4- Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said, ‘Dressupandbeautifyyourself, forAllah isbeautifulandHeloves

beauty;andmakesureitislawful[beautification].’[Wasaelal-Shiàah,v.3,p.340,no.4]

TheBeautifulImage

5-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Thebaneofbeautyisvanity.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.77,p.59,no.3]6-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Thebestthinggiventoabelieverisgoodcharacter,andtheworst

thinggiventoamanisacorruptheartinabeautifulfigure.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.5170]7-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Lookforgoodnessinpeoplewithbeautifulfacesfortheirdeedsare

morelikelytobegood.’[ÙyounAkhbaral-Ridha(AS),v.2,p.74,no.344]8-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebeautyofabeliever ’sfaceisasignofAllah’scareforhim.’[Ghurar

al-Hikam,no.4848]

HonoringOne’sHair

9-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘BeautifulhairispartofAllah’sdressing[foryou],somakesuretohonourit.’[Wasaelal-Shiàah,v.1,p.432,no.2]10-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Whoeverkeepshishairlongshouldcareforitwell,otherwise,he

mustcutit.’[Ibid.no.1]

InnerBeauty

11-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Beautyisinthetongue.’[Tuhafal-Ùqoul,no.37]12-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Thereisnobeautybetterthantheintellect.’[Nahjal-Saàda,v.1,p.

51]13-TheProphet (SAWA)said, ‘There isnoclothingmorebeautiful thangoodhealth.’[Biharal-

Anwar,v.77,p.381,no.5]14-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Allah,theExalted,placedthebeautyofwomaninherfaceandofmanin

hisspeech.’[Ibid.v.71,p.293,no.63]15-Imamal-Àskari(AS)said,‘Physicalbeautyistheouterbeauty,andthebeautyoftheintellectis

innerbeauty.’[Aàlamal-Din,no.313]

Part26BETRAYAL

Betrayal

1–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Donotbetraytheonewhobetraysyoulestyoubelikehim.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.103,p.175,no.3]2–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Theonewhobetrayshistrustisnotfromus.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.75,

p.172,no.14]3–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Betrayalisthefountainheadofhypocrisy.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.969]4–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Thebelieverisnaturallydisposedtoallthetraitsexceptbetrayaland

lying.’[al-Ikhtisas,p.231]5–Mu’awiyahb.Àmmarnarrated,‘IaskedImamal-Sadiq(AS),‘IfIentrustsomemoneywitha

man and he denies that I entrusted himwith anything, and then he [in the future] entrustsmewithmoney,canIkeepthatmoney[tomakeupforthemoneythathetookfromme]?Imamal-Sadiq(AS)replied,‘No,thatisbetrayal.’[Nural-Thaqalayn,v.2,p.144,no.68]6– AbU Thumama narrated: ‘I came to Imam al-Sadiq (AS) and said to him, ‘May I be your

ransom!IamamanwhowishestogotoMakkahbutIhaveanoverduedebtsocanyoupleaseadviseme?’TheImam(AS)replied, ‘PayyourdebtandfocusonmeetingyourLordwithoutanydebtonyourshoulders,forverilyabelieverdoesnotbetray[histrust].’[ÀIlalal-Sharaià,p.528,no.7]

ExplanationofBetrayalandtheBetrayer

7–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Disclosingthesecretofyourbrotherisbetrayal,sokeepawayfromthat.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.77,p.89,no.3]8–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Asforthesignsofthebetrayer,therearefour:disobediencetothe

All-Beneficent, disturbance to neighbours, loathing his associates, and being close to tyranny andoppression.’[Tuhafal-Ùqoul]9–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebetrayeristheonewhobusieshimselfwith[theaffairsof]othersand

histodayisworsethanhisyesterday.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.2013]10–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Whoeverfromamongourcompanionsseeksassistancefromone

ofhisbrothers,whodoesnotexercisehis fullefforts [in trying tohelphim], thenhehasbetrayedAllahandHismessengerandthebelievers.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.75,p.175,no.7]11–Imamal-Jawad(AS)said,‘Itissufficientforsomeonetobeclassifiedasabetrayerifheisthe

trusteeofadisloyalperson.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.364,no.4]

ThePeakofBetrayal

12–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thepeakofbetrayalisdisloyaltytoabelovedfriendandthebreakingofvows.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.6374]13–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Oneoftheworstformsofbetrayalisbeingdisloyalwiththingsentrusted

inone’spossession.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.931]14–ImamAli(AS)said,‘Verilytheworstbetrayalisthebetrayalofthe[religious]community,and

themostrepulsivedeceitisthatoftheleaders.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Letter26]

Part27THEBLESSING

TheBlessed

1-Imamal-Sadiq(AS),withregardstotheverse:“Hehasmademeblessed,whereverImaybe”,said,‘[Blessedmeans]verybeneficial[toothers].’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.165,no.11]

ThatWhichBringsBlessingAndThatWhichRemovesIt

2-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Weighyourfood,forthereisblessinginweighedfood.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.9434]3–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Blessingconsistsoftenparts:ninepartsarecontainedintrade[i.e.

workingtoearnone’sliving]andthetenthpart liesinendurance.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.103,p.5,no.13]4–TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Fourthings,ofwhichevenifonlyoneentersahouse,itwilldestroy

itsuchthatitwillneveragainbeabletoflourishthroughblessing:betrayal,theft,wine-drinking,andadultery.’[Ibid.v.79,p.19,no.4]5-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Blessingsaremultipliedwithjustice.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.4211]6-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Whencrimesprevail,blessingsareliftedaway.’[Ibid.no.4030]

Part28BRIBERY

Bribery

1–TheProphet(SAWA)said,'Bewareofbriberyforverilyitissheerinfidelity,andthebriberwillnotevensmellthefragranceofParadise.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.104,p.274,no.12]2– The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Allah's curse is on the briber, the bribed, and the agent between

them.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.1508]3–ImamAli(AS)said,'Theruinofyourpredecessorslayinthefactthattheydeprivedpeopleof

theirrightsandsubsequentlyresortedtobuyingthemback,andtheyhandledpeopleusingunethicalmeans,whichtheyfollowed.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Letter79]4–ImamAli(AS)said,'Youknowfullwellthathewhoisinchargeofhonour,people'slives,war

booty,legalcommandmentsandtheleadershipoftheMuslimsmustnotbeamiser…norshouldheacceptbribeswhilstgoverningforhewouldforfeittheirrights,andbasehisrulingsuponthem[thebribes]ratherthanproperjudgment.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Sermon131]5–ImamAli(AS)saidaboutAllah'sverseintheQur'an:"eatersoftheunlawful"385,'Thisrefersto

themanwhofulfilsaneedforafellowbrotherandthenacceptsagiftfromhim.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.104,p.273,no.5]6– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Accepting bribes as a judge or ruler is tantamount to disbelief in

Allah.’[al-Kafi,v.7,p.409,no.2]

Part29THEBROTHER

TheBelieversAreBrothers

1-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Thebelieversarebrothers,theirbloodiscoequal,andtheyareonehandagainstothers,themostinferioramongthemisempoweredbytheirprotection[ofhim].’[Amalial-Mufid,p.187,no.13]2- ImamAli (AS) said, ‘Many a brother was not given birth by your ownmother.’[Ghurar al-

Hikam,no.5351]3- Imamal-Baqir (AS) said, ‘Abeliever is the brother of another believer [as if] fromhis own

motherandfather.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.166,no.2and7]4-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Abelieveristhebrotherofanotherbeliever,hiseyeandhisguide;he

doesnotbetrayhim,norwronghim,nordeceivehim,andnordoesherescindapromisehemadetohim.’[Ibid.no.3]5-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Abelieveristhebrotherofanotherbeliever,likeasinglebody.Ifany

part of him suffers, hewill feel its pain in his entire body; and their souls are alsomade of onesoul.’[Ibid.no.4]

TrueBrothers

6-TheProphet (SAWA)said, ‘Seek to increaseyourbrothers [i.e.believeing friends], foreverybelieverwillmakeanintercessionontheDayofJudgment.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.24642]7-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Adopt[thefriendshipof]truebrothersandincreaseinyouracquisitionof

them,fortheyareanassetintimesofprosperity,andashieldduringafflictions.’[Amalial-Saduq,p.250,no.8]

Brothers’Amity

8- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Do not let your brother be stronger than you are in your amity forhim.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.74,p.165,no.29]9-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Lovebrothersinproportionto[their]piety.’[al-Ikhtisas,no.226]10- Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘A man’s love for his brother is part of his love for his

religion.’[Ibid.no.31]

ThatWhichEnsurestheEnduranceofAmity

11- Imamal-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘O Ibnal-Nu'mani Ifyouwantyourbrother ’samity foryou tobepure,donotmakefunofhim,donotdisputewithhim,donotexchangebraggingwithhim,anddonotviewithhiminevilacts.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.291,no.2]12-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Brothersneedthree thingsamongthem–theyeitheruse them,or

elsedisputeandhateoneanother–fairness,benevolence,andevasionofjealousy.’[Tuhafal-Ùqoul,no.322]

BrotherhoodfortheSakeofAllah

13-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘LookingatabrotheryouloveforthesakeofAllah,theExalted,is[anactof]worship.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.74,p.279,no.1]14-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘AMuslimcannotacquireanythingasbeneficialashisembracing

IslamthanabrotherhebenefitsfromforthesakeofAllah.’[Tanbihal-Khawatir,v.2,p.179]15- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Love is purified through cultivating friendship for the sake of

Allah.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.6191]16-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Brothers,[whosebrotherhoodis]forthesakeofAllah,enjoyanenduring

amity,duetothefirmnessofitsfoundation.’[Ibid.no.1795]17-ImamAli(AS)said,‘BrotherhoodforthesakeofAllahisfruitful.’[Ibid.no.4225]

BrotherhoodForTheSakeOfThisWorld

18-ImamAli(AS)said,‘AmanwhosefriendshipisnotforthesakeofAllahmustbeavoided,forhisfriendshipisvile,andhiscompanyisdoomed.’[Ibid.no.8978]19-ImamAli(AS)said,‘AmanwhosebrotherhoodisforthesakeofAllahisboundtogain,while

amanwhoseeksbrothersforthesakeofthisworldisboundtolose.’[Ibid.no.7776-7777]20-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Amanwhodrawsclosetoyouforapurposewillabandonyouwhenitis

fulfilled.’[Ibid.no.8552]

InformingOne’sBrotherOfOne’sLove[ForHim]

21-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Whenoneofyoulikeshiscompanionorbrother,heshouldlethimknow.’[al-Mahasin,v.1,p.415,no.953]22-Amanpassedthroughthemosque,whereAbuJa‘farandAbu‘Abdullah[Imamal-Baqirand

Imamal-Sadiq (AS)]wereseated,whenoneof thepeoplepresent said, ‘ByAllah, I like thisman.’Abu Ja'far replied, ‘Then let him know, for this will maintain the amity and enhance theaffection.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.74,p.181,no.1]

One’sAmityforAnotherisaProofofReciprocity

23- ImamAli (AS)said, ‘Askyourheartsabout theiramities, for theyarewitnesses that takenobribes.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.5641]24-Imamal-Baqir(AS)said,‘Knowtheamitythatyourbrotherhasforyouinhisheartthrough

whatyouharbourofthesameinyourownheart.’[Kashfal-Ghamma,v.2,p.331]25-Imamal-Hadi(AS)said,‘Donotseeksincereamityfromamanyouhaveinsinceresentiment

for, nor honest advice from someone you direct your distrust towards, for another ’s feelings [lit.heart]towardsyouaresimilartoyourfeelingstowardshim.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.74,no.181]

CuttingOffRelationswithBrothers

26-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Ifyouwant tocutoffrelationswithyourbrothermakesure to leaveaplaceforhiminyourheart,sohecanreturntoitonedaywhenhesowishes.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Letter31]27-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Howawfulitistocutoffrelationsafterhavingmaintainedthem,toturn

awayafterbrotherhood,andtohaveanimosityafteramity.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.77,p.210,no.1]28-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Amanwhoplaceshisamityinthewrongplaceisboundtosuffer

abandonment.’[al-Mahasin,v.1,p.415,no.950]

MaintainingBrotherhood

29-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Donotletyourbrotherbestrongerinhisavoidanceofyouthanyouareinyourmaintaingrelationswithhim,anddonotbestrongerinyourharmtohimthaninyourkindnesstowardshim.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Letter31]30-Imamal-Husayn(AS)said,‘Thebestpersonistheonewhomaintainsrelationswithonewho

cutshimoff.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.78,p.121,no.4]

TypesofBrothers

31-TheProphet (SAWA) said, ‘Themost scarce things at the endof timewill be a trustworthybrotherandalegitimatelyearneddirham.’[Tuhafal-Ùqoul,no.54]32-TheProphet (SAWA) said, ‘Themost scarce things at the end of timewill be a trustworthy

brother and a legitimately earned dirham.’[Tuhaf al-Ùqoul, no. 54]Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said,‘Brothers are of three [kinds]: one, like food, is needed all the time and he is the wise [friend].Anotherissimilartodisease,andthisisthefool.Andthethirdislikemedicine,andthisisthetactful[friend].’[Ibid.no.323]33-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Brothersarethree[kinds]:onehelpswithhisownself,andanother

helpswithhismoney,andthesearetrueintheirbrotherhood.Athirdistheonewhotakesfromyouwhatheneedsandkeepsyouforsomeofhispleasure-donotconsiderhimtrustworthy.’[Ibid.no.324]

WarningAgainstSomeFormsOfBrotherhood

34- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘The one you need to safeguard yourself against is not yourbrother.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.7503]35-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Donottakeforbrotheramanwhohidesyourvirtuesandexposesyour

lapses.’[Ibid.no.1042]36-Imamal-Baqir(AS)said,‘Theworstbrotheristheonewhostayswithyouinyouraffluence

andabandonsyouinyourpoverty.’[al-Irshad,v.2,p.166]37-Imamal-Baqir(AS)said,‘Donottakeforbrothersorcompanions: thefool, themiserly, the

coward,andtheliar.’[al-Khisal,p.244,no.100]38- Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Be warned against having a brother who wants you for greed,

avoidanceoffear,orgettingfoodanddrink.Instead,seekthe39-brotherhoodofthepiouseveniftheyareinthedarknessoftheearthandevenifyouhaveto

spendyourlifeseekingthem.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.74,p.282,no.3]

PreservingOldBrotherhood

40-TheProphet (SAWA)said, ‘Allah, theExalted, likes themaintenanceofoldbrotherhood, somaintainit.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.24759]41- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Choose the new of everything, but the oldest one from among

brothers.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.2461]

RealBrotherhood

42-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Yourtruebrotheristheonewhoforgivesyourlapse,fulfilsyourneed,acceptsyourexcuse,hidesyourvices,removesyourfear,andlivesuptoyourexpectation.’[Ibid.no.3645]43-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Yourbrotheristheonewhodoesnotabandonyouindifficulty,doesnot

forgetyouatthetimeoftrouble,anddoesnotcheatyouwhenyouseekhisadvice.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.77,p.269,no.1]

ChoosingaBrother

44-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Amanwhoshunshisbrothersforeverylapsehasfewfriends.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.8166]45-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Amanwhodoesnotbefriend[anyone]unlesstheyareflawlesswill

havefewfriends.’[Aàlamal-Din,no.304]

ToleratingtheLapseofaBrother

46- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘Tolerate the lapse of your friend for the time of your enemy’sattack.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.74,p.166,no.29]47-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Toleranceisthesplendorofcompanions.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.752]48- Imam Ali (AS) said, ‘A man who does not endure the lapses of a friend will die in

loneliness.’[Ibid.no.9079]

TheBestofBrothers

49-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘ThebestofyourbrothersistheonewhohelpsyoutoobeyAllah,preventsyoufromdisobeyingHim,andordersyoutopleaseHim.’[Tanbihal-Khawatir,v.2,p.123]50-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebestofbrothersistheonewiththeleasthesitanceinoffering[harsh]

advice.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,no.4978]51-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebestofyourbrothersistheonewhostandsbyyou,andbetterthan

himishewhosufficeshimselfwithyou,andevenwhenheisinneedofyou,hesparesyou.’[Ibid.no.4988]52-ImamAli(AS)said,‘ThebestbrotheristheonewhoseamityisforthesakeofAllah.’[Ibid.no.

5017]53-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebestofyourbrothersis theonewhorushestodogoodanddraws

youalongsidehim,andordersyoutodogoodandhelpsyouwithit.’[Ibid.no.5021]54-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebestofyourbrothersistheonewhoisrousedtoangerforyoursake

in[standingupfor]what’sright.’[Ibid.no.5009]55-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Thebestofbrothersistheonewhodoesnotlethisfellowbrothersneed

anyoneotherthanhimself.’[Ibid.no.4985]56-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Themostbelovedofmybrotherstomeishewhoconfersmyfaults

tome.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.74,p.282,no.4]

TheWorstofBrothers

57-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Theworstofbrothersisheforwhomone[ismade]togooutofone’sway.’[Nahjal-Balagha,Saying479]58-TheCommanderoftheFaithful(AS)wasasked,‘Whichistheworstcompanion?’Hereplied,

‘TheonewhoglamorizesactsofdisobediencetoAllahtoyou.’[Maànial-Akhbar,p.198,no.4]

TestingBrothers

59-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Whenyouseethreetraitsinyourbrother,placeyourhopeinhim:bashfulness, trustworthiness, and truthfulness. If you do not see them, do not place your hope inhim.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.24755]60- ImamAli (AS) said, ‘Amanwho takes a brother after careful selection is bound to have a

lastingcompanionshipandafirmamity,whereasamanwhotakesabrotherwithoutcarefultestingisboundtoresorttothefriendshipofevilpeople.’[Ghuraral-Hikam,nos.8921and8923]61- Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Test your brothers with two things, which they must possess;

otherwiseavoid them,avoid them,avoid them:observing theprayersat theirprescribed timesandhelpingbrothersduringhardshipaswellasease.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.672,no.7]

AdvisingBrothers

62-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Abelieverisamirrorforhisbelievingbrother;hestaysfaithfultohiminhisabsenceandspareshimfromwhathewouldhatetosee.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.74,p.233,no.29]63- ImamAli (AS)said, ‘Hewhoadviseshisbrother inprivateadornshim,andhewhoadvises

himpubliclymakeshimlookbad.’[Ibid.p.166,no.29]64-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Amanwhoobservesbadbehaviorinhisbrotherwithoutforbidding

himfromit–whilstheisableto–hasindeedbetrayedhim.’[Ibid.v.75,p.65,no.2]

HonoringandGlorifyingOne’sBrothers

65-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Anypersoninmycommunitywhoactskindlytowardshisbrotherinfaith,AllahwillgranthimtheserviceoftheservantsofParadise.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.206,no.4]66-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Amanwhohonorshisbelievingbrotherwhenhecomesto[visit]

himis,bydoingso,honoringAllah,MightyandExalted.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.74,p.298,no.32]

FulfillingBrothers’Needs

67-ImamAli(AS)said,‘Letnoneofyoucompelhisbrothertoask,ifyoualreadyknowabouthisneed.’[Ibid.p.166,no.29]68- Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Allah helps the believer as long as the believer helps his

brother.’[Ibid.p.322,no.89]69- Imamal-Sadiq (AS) said, ‘Amanwho fulfilsoneneedofhisbelievingbrother ’sAllahwill

fulfilonehundredthousandneedsofhisontheDayofResurrection.’[Ibid.p.89,no.90]70-Imamal-Sadiq(AS)said,‘Itsufficesforamantodependonhisbrothertochargehimwithhis

need.’[al-Kafi,v.2,p.198,no.8]

TheEtiquetteofBrotherhood

71-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Whenoneofyoutakesabrother,hemustaskhimhisname,hisfather ’s name, his tribe and his address.This is part of true brotherhood, otherwise it is a foolishamity.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.74,p.166,no.30]72-TheProphet(SAWA)said,‘Meetyourbrotherwithajoyfulface.’[Ibid.p.171,no.38]43-ItisnarratedinBiharal-Anwar:WhentheProphet(SAWA)missedthecompanyofanyofhis

brothersforthreedays,hewouldaskabouthim.Ifhewasabsent,hewouldprayforhim;andifhewasintown,hewouldvisithim;andifhewasill,hewouldgotoseehim.’[Ibid.v.16,p.233,no.35]

Part30BRUSHINGONE'STEETH

EnjoinmentofBrushingOne'sTeeth

1–TheProphet(SAWA)said,'Ifitwerenotforthefactthatitwouldinconveniencemycommunity,Iwouldhavecommandedthemtobrushtheirteethbeforeeveryprayer.’[al-Kafi,v.3,p.22,no.1]2–TheProphet(SAWA)saidinhisadvicetoImamAli(AS),'Youmustbrushyourteethatevery

ablution.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.77,p.69,no.8]3-TheProphet(SAWA)alsosaidinhisadvicetoImamAli(AS),'OAli,youmustbrushyourteeth

asfrequentlyaspossible,forverilyasingleprayerthatyouperformafterhavingbrushedyourteethisbetterthanfortydaysworthofprayersperformedwithoutdoingso.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.76,p.137,no.48]4–TheProphet(SAWA)said, 'Ablutionisamainpartoffaith,andbrushingone'steethisamain

partofablution.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,no.26200]5–TheProphet(SAWA)said,'Freshenyourmouthsbybrushing,forverilytheyarethemeansto

theQur'an.’[Kanzal-Ùmmal,2753]6–TheProphet(SAWA)said, 'Gabrielcontinuouslyadvisesmeaboutbrushingteeth,thatIreally

thoughthewouldlayitdownasanobligation.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.76,p.126,no.2]7–Imamal-Sadiq(AS)wasonceasked,'Doyouconsiderallofthesepeopleasbeingrealhuman

beings[truetotheirnature]?'towhichhereplied,'Excludefromthemtheonewhodoesnotbrushhisteeth,…'[Biharal-Anwar,p.128,no.11].*

TheBenefitsofBrushingOne'sTeeth

8–TheProphet(SAWA)said, 'Brushingone'steethincreasesone'sarticulacy.’[Biharal-Anwar,p.135,no.48]9– Imamal-Sadiq (AS)said, 'Thereare twelvedistinctive features tobrushingone's teeth: it isa

recommended prophetic practice, it purifies one's mouth, brightens one's eyesight, pleases theBeneficentLord,whitenstheteeth,doesawaywithwretchedness,strengthensone'sgums,whetsone'sappetite for food, takes away phlegm, improves one'smemory,multiplies one's rewards for gooddeeds,andgivespleasuretotheangels.’[al-Khisal,p.481,no.53]10– Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'You must brush your teeth for it removes whisperings of the

heart.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.76,p.139,no.52]11– Imamal-Rida (AS) said, 'Brushingone's teethbrightens the eyesight, increaseshair growth,

andremovesthetendencyforfrequentweeping.’[Biharal-Anwar,p.137,no.48]

EtiquetteofBrushingTeeth

12– The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Brush your teeth in a horizontal manner and not in a verticalmanner.’[al-Daàawat,p.161,no.445]13–ItisnarratedinBiharal-AnwarthattheProphet(SAWA)usedtobrushinahorizontalmanner

wheneverhebrushedhisteeth,andthathewouldbrushhisteeththriceeverynight:oncebeforegoingtobed,oncewhenhewouldwakeupforhisnightworship,andoncebeforegoingouttoperformthedawnprayer.HeusedtobrushwithtwigsofArak(athornykindoftree)whichthearchangelGabrielhadtoldhimtodo.’[Biharal-Anwar,v.76,p.135,no.47]14–Imamal-Baqir(AS)said,'Verilybrushingone'steethatdawnbeforeperformingtheablution

ispartofrecommendedpropheticpractice.’[al-Faqih,v.1,p.480,no.1390]*ThisispartofalongertraditionwheretheImamcitesseveralothercategoriesofpeoplewhom

heexcludesfromthebannerofhumanityfortheirvariousfaults,inaccordancewiththeverseoftheQur'an(25:44):"Doyousupposethatmostofthemlistenorapplyreason?Theyarejustlikecattle;rathertheyarefurtherastrayfromtheway.”(ed.)

www.islamicmobility.com"WisdomisthelostpropertyoftheBeliever,lethimclaimitwhereverhefindsit"-ImamAli(as)