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Nanofibers,
technology andapplications
Old
ich JIRSK
Nanofibers,
technology andapplications
Oldich JIRSK
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NanofibresNanofibres
What is nanofiber?Fiber with diameter in nanometer range.
Many types of polymers were processed
into nanofibers of 50 to 1000
nanometers in diameter, several orders
of magnitude smaller than conventional
fiber spinning.
What is electrospinning?Electrospinning is the process using electrostatic forces to form a fine filament
of the polymer solution.
Technical University of Liberec, Czech Republic
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NANOFIBERS
Properties
large specific surface area
high porosity
small pore size
diameter range (50 1000) nm
MaterialPolymer solutions or melts
More than 30 polymers, including polyethylene oxide, DNA,
polyaramids, and polyaniline, have been electrospun.
These fibers can be made of variety organic (nylon, polyester, acryl) or
biological polymers (proteins, collagens).
PVA, PS, PAN, but also peptide amphiphiles or cellulose.
Technical University of Liberec, Czech Republic
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Technology of nanofibers Electrospinning technology
Technical University of Liberec, Czech Republic
In the electrospinning process a high voltage is used to create an electrically charged stream of polymer solution ormelt. A high voltage electrode is linked with the polymer solution. The solution is then spun through a capillary . Dueto high voltage e lectric f ield between the tip of capillary and a grounded collector, Taylor cone is formed at the tip of
capillary producing sub-micron in diameter fibres. Fibres solidify as the polymer solvent evaporates and create aninterlinked fiber layer on the surface of the collector.
0.1 - 1gramms per hour
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N A N O S P I D E RN A N O S P I D E R
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NANOFIBRES APPLICATIONSNANOFIBRES APPLICATIONS Air and liquid filters
Wound dressings Tissue enginnering
Surface modifications
Sound absorptive materials
-etc
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Air filtration properties
of various materials
Air filtration properties
of various materials
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
Pressure drop (Pa)
Efficiency(%) meltblown
charged meltblown
glass microfibers
needle punch
PA6 nanospider
PA6/PU nanospider
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Wound dressingsWound dressings
NanofibersNanofibers
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Wound dressings - functionsWound dressings - functionsFunction of wound dressingFunction of wound dressing
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Sound absorptive materialsSound absorptive materialsProfile: Nanofibrous layer is applied by the electro spinning proces to the basic fibrous material
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Sound absorption - nanofibresSound absorption - nanofibres
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
100 1000 10000
f [Hz]
basic material nano-1 g.m-2 nano-0,5 g.m-2 nano-0,1 g.m-2
Basic fibrous material with the nanofibrous layers of different area densities (colored curves)
vs.
Basic material without the nanofibers (black curve)
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Thanksfor Your Attentionhanksfor Your Attention