Network Devices
Network Devices
PC PC
Multiplexer
Media Media
Media on PC
Ethernet Modem PC Card (WLAN) DVB
Ethernet - Architecture
Ethernet – IEEE 802.3
10Base5 – Thick wire coaxial 10Base2 – thin wire coaxial / cheaper
net 10BaseT – Twisted Pair 10BaseF – Fiber Optics
100BaseT – Fast Ethernet
Ethernet – 10Base5
Ethernet – 10Base2
Ethernet – 10BaseT
NIC Connector type
Coaxial Cable Bayonet Nut Connector (BNC)
Twisted Pair Cable RJ-45 (8 wire)
Fiber Optics SMA connectors
Modem
Allows modems of different vendors to operate together
Define How modems operate: Modulation techniques Data compression technique Error detection strategy
Modem – Analog vs Digital
Analog Infinite number of levels Conform to voice pattern Times from highest to lowest and back to the
highest point in one second is the frequency Can be transmitted over long distance
Digital Only two levels (high and low) Conforms to how computers operate Cannot transmitted over long distance
Modem - Connection
Modem – Internal/External
PC Card – WLAN (802.11)
Bypassing last mile
PC Card (WLAN) - 1
PC Card (WLAN) - 2
PC Card (WLAN) – Indoor Antena
DVB – DVB/IP Tech
The Digital Video Broadcast over Internet Protocol (DVB/IP) system is functionally an IP-over-Ethernet simplex satellite service that incorporates frame-relay type traffic management. At its core, DVB is a modem-on-a-chip, plus an intelligent multiplexer. The antenna is typically a CATV dish, 2.4 - 3.8 meters in diameter (for C-band), or 0.6 -1.8 meters (for Ku-band).
DVB – DVB/IP Routing
DVB - Adaptability
DVB – DVB Card
Media
Wired Twisted Pair – UTP Coaxial Fiber
Wireless Microwave Satellite
Twisted Pair
Two wired wrapped in a twisted fashion Designed to reduce
cross-talk due inductance
Still subject to interference from stray signal
Primarily used for local loop connections and LANs
Comparatively narrow bandwidth
UTP – Unshielded Twisted Pair
Pair 1 White/blue Blue
Pair 2 White/Orange Orange
Pair 3 White/Green Green
Pair 4 White/Brown Brown
RJ45 Connector
UTP – Straight Cable
Wo/O Wg/B Wb/G Wbr/Br
UTP – Cross Cable
Wg/G Wo/B Wb/O Wbr/Br
UTP - CategoryCategory Maximum Data Rate Usual Application
CAT 1 Less than 1 Mbps Analog voice (POTS),
Integrated Services Digital Network Basic Rate Interface in ISDN
Doorbell wiring
CAT 2 4 Mbps Mainly used in the IBM Cabling System for token ring networks
CAT 3 16 Mbps Voice and data on 10BASE-T Ethernet
CAT 4 20 Mbps Used in 16 Mbps Token Ring
Otherwise not used much
CAT 5 100 Mbps 100 Mbps TPDDI (100BASE-T or Fast Ethernet)
1000 Mbps (4 pair) 155 Mbps ATM
Gigabit Ethernet
CAT 5E 100 Mbps 100 Mbps TPDDI (100BASE-T or Fast Ethernet)
155 Mbps ATM
CAT 6 200-250 MHz Super-fast Broadband Applications.
Coaxial
Center lead conducts the signal Protected by insulation and braded wire
Used mostly for television and connections to antenna
Larger Bandwidth but large in size
Fiber Optical
Signal transmitted by photos rather than electrons Dramatically higher bandwidth Used mostly for backbone communication
connections, very high speed LANs and fast network connections
Microwave – Antenna (1)
Omni 2.4GHz 8dBi
Microwave – Antenna (2)
Sectoral 14dBi 180deg
Microwave – Antenna (3)
Sectoral 17dBi 90deg
Microwave – Antenna (4)
Direct (Grid) 2.4 GHz 24dB
Microwave – Power AMP
Satellite - Broadband
Media Comparison
Multiplexer
HUB Switch Bridge Router
Hub versus Switch
Hub provide connection to all ports (i.e. in one port and out all other ports). Passive hub – no signal regeneration Active hub – provide signal regeneration
Switch direct the message from appropriate port (directs a message from the input port to the desired output port). More expensive but better bandwidth utilization
Hub versus Switch
LAN Hub device
Hub
LAN Switch device
Switch
Bridge – Access Point (WLAN)
Router
Connecting different segment Have different interfaces (Ethernet,
WAN-Serial, Fiber, etc) Table Routing
Router