1
United States of America
in the modern world: politics,
economics, law, society
: ,
, ,
2
IVAN FRANKO NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF LVIV
FACULTY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
UNITED STATES STUDIES CENTER
United States of America
in the modern world:
politics, economics, law, society
Collection of the materials
II International Scientific and Practical Conference
(May 15, 2015, Lviv)
(Volume 2)
Lviv-2015
3
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(15 2015 , . )
( 2)
-2015
4
327(73)(063) 4 (7) 431 -73
27.04.2015 19.
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I.
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( ). Transatlantic dilemma: strategy for Ukraine .......................................................................... 181
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( ). Role of human rights in American foreign policy toward Iran during J. Carters term as president ................................................................................................................................ 215
7
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( ). Energy vs. political security in US foreign policy towards South Caucasus ............................................................................. 242
( ). 1998-1999 . ........................................................................................................................... 245
Joanna Grzela (The Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Poland). Amerykaski wkad w bezpieczny Region Morza Batyckiego. Wybrane aspekty ....................................... 254
Marta Stempie, Maciej Towiski. (Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Poland). Nowy ad na Bliskim Wschodzie. Geopolityka Stanw Zjednoczonych i Islamskiej Republiki Iranu w obliczu ekspansji Pastwa Islamskiego ...... 263
II.
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( ). Key factors for successful development of the US banking system ................................................................................... 280
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( ). U.S. economic security: lessons for Ukraine ........................................................................... 370
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( ). Countering standard essential patents abuse through the use of antitrust law in the US and EU ....................................................................................................................... 441
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IV.
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Vongrej Marin (University of Economics in Bratislava, Slovakia). Criticism of consumerism and the ethical and economic approaches by selected US economists .......... 616
IV.
6 ........................................................................................................................................
, - , ( , ) ( ) ..................... 619
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, ( ). Ukrainian higher education modernisation with the US and EU focus ......................................................................................................... 636
( ). Peculiarities of higher education system in U.S.:hunger for degree ............ 639
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( ). Creation of the research universities in Ukraine based on the previous practices in the United States .................................................................................................................... 679
( ). Programs for adult educators training in the US universities ........................................................................................................................... 688
( - ). .......................................................................................... 695
IV.
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13
( . ). A glimpse on the US experience of using classroom assessment in EFL teaching and learning in the context of changes in Ukrainian education ................ 707
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( ). C ...................... 719
( ). Linguistic study of clichs in American English: preliminary questions ............................... 726
( ). This challenging American punctuation (based on Ukrainian university EFL classroom experience) ...................................................................................................... 733
( .). Great Gatsby in socio-literal context ........................................................ 736
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( ). . . Raise High the Roof Beam, Carpenters . .......................................................... 753
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Summary. The article is devoted to the Programmers of the U.S. foreign aid to
Ukraine that is one of the important instruments of the foreign policy of the United States.
American foreign aid is analyzed in the context of formation of foreign policy priorities.
Special attention is paid to the process of transformation of the system of the U.S. foreign aid
to Ukraine and its results.
Key words: foreign aid, priorities of development, streamlining of diplomatic
initiatives, provision of national security, Ukraine.
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5. The Foundation 1000 (Catalog of Fundraising & Nonprofit Development
Resources 2000/2001). Washington D.C.: The Foundation Center. 2000.
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3. (2014-2015) [ ].
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yak-pozichalnikom-ta-yevropejskim-soyuzom-yak-kredi.html
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ved from: http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/docs/ 2015_national_secu
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tment of Defense. 05 January 2012. Retrieved from: http://www.defense.gov/
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43
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Summary. The paper is devoted to the analysis of the main dimensions of the US
foreign policy interests in the post-Bipolar world. The place, role and weight of Ukraine
towards the United States were considered. The basic directions of the interest of
Washington towards Kyiv were defined.
Keywords: USA, Ukraine, foreign policy, the post-Soviet space.
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1. The National Security Strategy of the United States of America May 1997
[ ] : http://fas.org/man/docs/
strategy97.htm
2. . : / . .
. . . : . - , 2006. 203 . 3. The National Security Strategy of the United States of America September 2002
[ ] : http://www.state.gov/
documents/organization/63562.pdf
4. . : - / . . ; , - . .
. - . : . , 1996. - 150 .
5. . -
/ . . // . 2010. .16: ,
: , ,
. . 307-317.
6. . : / . . // : [. . .] / . . - .
. , - . ; [. : . . .]. ., 2012.
. 107, . 1. . 103-112. [ ] :
http://library.univ.kiev.ua/ukr/host/viking/db/ftp/univ/apmv/apmv_2012_ 107_01. pd f
51
7. . -
[ ] -
: http://litopys.org.ua/ukrxx/zmist.htm
8. A National Security Strategy Of Engagement And Enlargement The White House
July 1994 [ ] :
http://nssarchive.us/national-security-strategy-1994/
9. . (
) .: , 2010. 256 . [ ] : http://www.lib.ru/
POLITOLOG/ AMERICA/bzhezinskij.txt
10. Kissinger H. The Icon And The Eagle [ ]
: http://www.henryakissinger.com/articles/iht032007.html
11. . -. / . // : - . 04/2004. N4. .41-45.
12. . // . 2001.
9 . .10-12.
13. .: : [ ] : http://glavred.info/archive/
2009/10/02/174147-0.html?page=49&items=600
52
. -
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. - -
,
, . : ;
; -
; ;
. : , . -,
, .
Summary. This article explores the strategies of national security and foreign po-
licy of the G.W. Bush administration. It was proved that G.W. Bushs fundamental ap-proach formally was based on the concept of critical geopolitics, which made it possible
to use all known forms of the influence to change the political and economic systems of
the state to which it is directed. The main means of the implementation of the strategy are
the following: the rejection of isolationism and protectionism; focus on leadership as an
alternative to isolationism; free and fair trade and open markets as opposed to protectio-
nism; formation of a new world; preventive influence on events.
Keywords: US foreign policy, G.W. Bush, National Security Strategy, democrati-
zation.
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:
1. National Security Strategy of the United States of America [
]. Washington, DC: The White House, 2002. September. 35 p.
: http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/63562.pdf
2. Krauthammer C. Progressive Internationalism: A Democratic National Security Stra-
tegy [ ] / C. Krauthammer // Progressive Policy Institute. 2003. October. : http://www.ndol.org/documents /Progressive_
Internationalism_1003.pdf
3. . : / . ;
[. . .. ]. .: - -, 2006. 203 .
4. .. .
/ .. . .:
, 2008. 336 . 5. National Security Strategy of the United States of America [
]. Washington, DC: The White House, 2006. March. 54 p.
: http://www.comw.org/qdr/fulltext/nss2006.pdf
6. National Strategy for Homeland Security. [ ] / Homeland Se-curity Council. 2007. October. 62 p. : http://www.hsdl.org/?
view&did
7. Kupchan C. Real Democratic / C. Kupchan // The National Interest. 2004. 77.
Fall. P. 26-37. 8. National Strategy on Combating Terrorism. [ ]. September,
2006. : http://www.fas.org/irp/threat/nsct2006.pdf
9. .. Grand Strategies: -
/ .. . .: , 2006. 247 . 10. . -
[ ] / . // Wall Street
Journal. 2002. : http:// www.nuclearno.ru/text.asp?3278 11. 9/11 Five Years Later: Successes and Challenges [ ].
September, 2006. 23 p. : http://www.au.af.mil/ au/awc /awcgate/
whitehouse/waronterror0906.pdf
12. National Strategy for Information Sharing: Successes and Challenges [ ]. Washington, DC: The White House, 2007. October. 48 p.
: http://www.fas.org/sgp/library/infoshare.pdf
60
-, , . - , . , , , . , , . , - - .
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- . , , ,
61
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-2015 , . (strength) - , - [2, c. 3], (American excepti-onalism) , - - . (example) - - . (capable part-ners) ( , , ) , - (, , , , , ), - (). (instruments of U.S. power) - - . (long-term perspective) , : , (, ); - (, ); - - -, , , . - . , -, . .
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-- (), - 2010 , - () [2, c. 10]. (, , ) , . , , - , . , , -2015 , - ( ), - (Strengthen Our Enduring Alliance with Europe) [2, c. 25].
- , - . , . --2015 -. . , - , .
, , . - . , -2015 , , , . - - .
:
1. National Security Strategy [Electronic resource] // The White House, Washington. 2010. May. - Regime to access : http://nssarchive.us/NSSR/2010.pdf - Title from the screen.
2. National Security Strategy [Electronic resource] // The White House, Washington. 2015. February. - Regime to access : https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/d efault/ files/docs/2015_national_security_strategy.pdf - Title from the screen.
63
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Summary. In the article, the theoretical-methodological and practical aspects of
building a foreign policy strategy of the USA with regard to geopolitical reasons. Assesses
the various periods of U.S. foreign policy under the influence of the leading geopolitical
concepts of those times.
Keywords: foreign policy, geopolitics, strategy, concept, national interest, appro-
aches, hegemony, centers of influence, the international community and cooperation.
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:
1. Spykman N. Americas Strategy in World Politics The United States and the
Balance of Power / Nicholas John Spykman N.Y. : Transaction Publishers, 1942.
500.
2. .. , 1660-1783. / - .. - .: ACT; .: Terra Fantastica, 2002. - 634 .
3. Haass R. America Can Take a Breather. And It Should / Richard Haass. - New York
Times. - June 23. - 2013.
4. . / . // - . 2006. 1. [ .] : http://
www.globalaffairs.ru/number/n_6319.
5. . / . . : . - 848.
6. . (The Grand Chessboard) / - ; [ . . . ]. - .: -:
, 2009. - 280 .
7. Lacoste Y. Questions de giopolitique / Y. Lacoste. Paris, 1988. 479 .
8. . . ? [ ]/ .
: http://reftrend.ru/145451.html. 9. OTuathail G. Critical Geopolitics : The Politics of Writing Global Space / G. OTuat-
hail. Minneapolis, 2002. 416 .
10. . / . - .:
, 2003. 603, [5] . 11. Manning D.-J. The Place of ideology in Political Lafe / D.-J. Manning, T.-J. Ro-
binson. London, 2005. 512 p.
12. Oxford Paperback Encyclopedia. Oxford : Oxford University Press, 1998. 756 .
13. Wallerstein I.M. Geopolitics and Geoculture : Essays on the Changing World-
System / I.M. Wallerstein. Cambridge, England : Cambridge University Press,
2001. 252 p.
14. Stutz F. P., de Souza A. R. The World Economy. Upper Saddle River. / F.P. Stutz,
A.R. de Souza. New Jersey : Prentice Hall, 2005. 664 .
71
.
,
.
.,
.
: ., , , , , .
Summary. In the article is examined the conceptual and applied aspects of secu-
rity policy of the second Obama administrations, analyzed the approach to the support for the international order and countering threats of the XXI century.
Keywords: Barack Obama, the USA, strategy, national security, global threats,
international order.
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79
3. The National Security Strategy of the United States of America [ -
]. Washington, DC: White House, 2010, May. 52 p. - :
www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/rss_viewer/ national_security_strategy.pdf.
4. .., .. : - / .., .. //
. ( -
). ., 2010. 94.
. . 16-20. 5. ..
// /.:,
.. 4 (61), 2012, .3-12.
6. Long J.S.R., Tang Sh. Time to Tame American Military Interventionism.-Global
Asia, Volume 7, 1, Spring 2012 [ ]. - : www. globalasia.org
7. Sustaining U.S. Global Leadership Priorities for 21st Centuri Defense [
] : www.defense.gov /.../Defense_ Strategic_ Guidan.
8. Remarks by the President at the National Defense University [ ]. - : https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/ 2013/05/
23/remarks-president-national-defense-university
9. .. -
.: [ ] - : http://journals.iir.kiev.ua /index.php /pol_n /issue /current.
10. : ? http://nk.org.ua
/geopolitika/86440-novaya-doktrina-ameriki-zastavil-li-obama-mir-zadumatsya
11. National Security Strategy [ ] - : http//: www. whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/docs 2015_national _security_ strategy. pdf
12. Fact Sheet: The 2015 National Security Strategy [ ] -
: https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2015/02/06/fact-sheet-2015-
national-security-strategy
13. Colucci L. Obamas National Security Strategy shows hes unwilling or unable to
take decisive action. [ ] - : http://www.usnews.
com/opinion/blogs/world-report/2015/02/24/obamas-national-security-strategy-shows-
hes-a-post-strategic-president
14. Fontaine R., Brimley Sh. These strategy documents are mostly a lot of hot air. But
that doesnt mean they have to be worthless. [ ] - -
: https://foreignpolicy.com/2015/02/05/dont-expect-too-much-from-obamas-natio
nal-security-strategy/
80
.
,
, -
4 . - .
: , , , , ,
.
Summary. The analysis of US national interests hierarchy, offered by group
of scientists and experts in the Report of the Commission on Americas National Inte-
rests is presented in this article. This conception divides interests in four major
groups from vital ones to less important. Also, the conducted research determines the
place of Ukraine according to the interests mentioned above.
Key words: interests, hierarchy, ISIS, vital, challenge, ally.
,
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1. Allison G. A Report from The Commission on Americas National Interests / G. Allison, R. Blackwill., 2000. 55 .
2. Cooper H. Obama Allows Limited Airstrikes on ISIS [ ] /
H. Cooper, M. Landler, A. Rubin // New York Times. 2014.
85
: http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/08/world/middleeast/obama-weig
hs- military-strikes-to-aid-trapped-iraqis-officials-say.html?_r=0.
3. Demianchuk A. Russia Could Soon Threaten Three Ukraines at Once, U.S.
General Warns [ ] / Alexander Demianchuk. 2015. : http://www.themoscowtimes.com/article/ 514476.
html.
4. McClam E. ISIS Threat: Obamas Remarks Over the Past Year Show Evolution
[ ] / Erin McClam // NBC News -: http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/isis-terror/isis-threat-obamas-remarks-
over-past-year-show-evolution-n304566
5. Merriam Webster Dictionnary [ ]
: http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/vital.
6. Robb R. Calculating the national interest: Ukraine and ISIS [ ] / Robert Robb : http://www.azcentral.
com/story/robertrobb/2014/09/09/ukraine-isis/15355051/.
7. Rupert J. General Wesley Clark: Americas Global Strategy Begins With
Ukraine [ ] / James Rupert. 2014. : http://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/new-atlanticist/general-wesley-
clark-americas-global-strategy-begins-with-ukraine.
8. Wilson D. A Transatlantic Strategy to Deter Putins Aggression [
] / Damon Wilson. 2015. : http://www .foreign.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/030415_Wilson_Testimony.pdf.
86
PAX AMERICANA
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context of the prospects for the evolution of global leadership of the United States of
America.
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lopment, structure.
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Summary: The article presents an analysis of the evolution of U.S. foreign policy
doctrine after the Cold War. Allocated general and particular on essential and subs-tantial levels of two foreign policy doctrines: the Clintons and the Bushs Jr.
Keywords: foreign policy doctrine, military doctrine, national interest, National
Security Strategy.
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