Transcript
Page 1: Sanitary Plumbing and Drainage - Ubder Ground Draninage

(၈) Below Ground Drainage System

စေ�ပါင�ေ�နအမ (Condominium) ေ�တြ�မာ ေ�နအေမ�ပၚထပေ�တြ�ေ�နစြစန႔ထ�လ �တ ေ႔ေ�တြ�ဟာ Main Discharge Stack ေ�တြ���ဆင႔ အစ���ပဆငေ�ပထာ�႔ၿပငပအညေစ�ၾ�ေ��စြစန႔ထ�လ င� (Plubic Sewer) ဆ��စြစန႔ထ�ရန အတြ��ေ��ပ�ေ��စြ� �� ဆကသြ�( ယတ ႔အခါ ပ�ေ�တြ���ေ�တြ�႔ၿပ (Elbow, 45˚Band) ဆ�ၿခင�၊ ပ�တ စပ�န႔ �စပ� တြ.ာၿပဆ�ၿခင���႔�စြခင႔မၿပပါ။ Public Sewer Line �

ေ�ၿေမအာ�မာ��႔အတြ��ေ�ၾ�ာင႔လည� ပ�ေ�တြ��ေ�ၿမၿပင ေ�အာ�မာၿမပ၊ လာ�ာမ��႔ဖ�က လာ�ေ႔�ပ�ေ�ေတြ�ပါင�ဆဖ�႔အတြ�� Inspection Chamber ေ�တြ�ခၿပဆကသြ�( ယက ာ Public Sewer ဆ

.�ေ႔�စြစန႔ထ�ပ�ေ�တြ��� တြ.ယတ န�၊ �ပဆငငၿခင�ပၿဖစပါ�ယ။(၈.၁) Main Components Using in Below Ground Drainage System

Below Ground Drainage System မာ အဓ�အ.ၿပ�႔ပစၥည�ေ�တြ�ေ��ာ႔ Inspection Chamber (IC) ၊ ပ�န႔ ပ�ဆ �ပစၥည�၊ Sewage Pump န႔ Ejector Pit (Tank) ��႔ပၿဖစပါ�ယ။(၈.၁.၁) Inspection Chamber, Waster Sump, Drain Sump

မာေ�.ာအာၿဖင႔ Inspection Chamber, Waster Sump, Drain Sump စ�႔ပစၥည�ေ�တြ��Inspection Chamber လ�႔.ာ ၿခၿပေ�ခေၚလ႔�ပါ�ယ။ .�ေ႔ပမယ႔လည� အ.ၿပ�႔အခါလ�နာ

�မယ႔စည��မ�ေ�တြ���႔အတြ�� Inspection Chamber, Waster Sump, Drain Sump ေ�တြ�� �စ ခၿခင�စ�႕ လပေ�ဆာငပ�.�ဖ�႔လ�အပပါ�ယ။

Sanitary Pipe ေ�တြ�� Public Sewer ေ�တြ�ဆတြ.ယတ န��႔အခါ ပ�ေ�တြ�� 90˚, 45˚ စ.ညၿဖ ငေ႔တြ�႔ၿပဆကသြ�( ယဖ�႔�န စြခင႔မၿပပါ။ .�႔အတြ��ေ�ၾ�ာင႔ Inspection Chamber ေ�တြ��ၾ�ာခ

ဆကသြ�( ယ� .ၿပပါ�ယ။ Inspection Chamber ေ�တြ�ဟာ Underground Drainage Pipe ေ�တြ�ဆကသြ�( ယရန ၊ လာ�ာမ��႔ ပ�ေ�ေတြ�ပါင�ဆဆကသြ�( ယရန စ�ာေ�တြ� အၿပင �ပဆငငၿပစတြ.ာ�႔အခါမာလည� အခါ

အာေ�လာစြ�?ာ စစေ�ဆႏ�ငရန ၊ ပ�လ င�ေ�တြ�ထမာ ပ�ဆ �႔ခ႔ပါလငငလငည� Inspection Chamber ေ�တြ���စြဖ င႔ၿပ ေ�ဆေ�ၾ�ာႏ�ငေ�စရငC�တြတြ��လ ည�အ.ၿပဖ�႔�ညရြညFယပါ�ယ။ Inspection Chamber ေ�တြ���

ဆင႔ အန႔အ.�ေ�တြ�၊ ပမႊ�ာေ�တြ�ၿပငပ.�႔တြထ�မလာေ�စ�န Inspection Chamber �� Cover (အဖေ�တြ�) ဖအပေ�ပ�ၿပ အဖဟာလည� ေ��လ (Watertight) ၊ ေ�လလ�႔ (Air Tight) ၿဖစဖ�႔ရနCလတြ�အပပါ�ယ။Inspection Chamber ေ�တြ����ပဆငငဖ�႔ရငCတာ၀Cဟာ Plumbing Contractor �႕�ာ၀Cၿဖစတာေ�ၾ�ာင႔ Inspection Chamber ေ�တြ��ညေ�ဆာ�တ ႔အခါ လ�အပခ�ေ�တြ��.�ရနCလတြ�အပပါ�ယ။ IC ေ�တြ�ဟာ ေ�

အာ�ဆ အထပရေ႕အာ� ေ�ၿမ.ာန႔��ရ�ထ ေ�တြ�ေ႔န��႔အတြ�� ေ�ၿေမအာေ�က န တြ�န��နေ�န�ေ႔� ဖအာ (Hydrostatic Pressure) ခႏ�တြငတ႔ �ညေ�ဆာ�မႈမ (Structurally Strong) ၿဖစရပါမယ။ IC ေ�တြ�� အ

�နေ႔.ာ�လငည�ေ��ာင�၊ တြ�ငCက�စ (RC) ေ�.ာ� လည�ေ��ာင� အ.ၿပၿပ�ညေ�ဆာ��ႏ�ငပါ�ယ။ � ညေ�ဆာ�ခ႔အခါ ေ�.ခာ�႔အာမခခေ�ရစ�န ၾတြ�မ��ငတ႔ Structure Engineer(.�႔) Professional

Engineer ေ�န�ာ၀CယတြOတြ��ခ�ၿပ လ�မ�ထ �ေ�ပရနCလတြည�လ�အပပါ�ယ။Waste Sump ေ�တြ��ေ��ာ႔ မဖ�ေ�ခာင၊ အမ(ာ စ�ေ႔န�ာေ�တြ�� ေ�ဆေ�ၾ�ာ အ.ၿပၿပစြစစြ�န႔ထ

�လ ာ�ေ႔ေ�တြ� �စြစန႔ထ�ဖ�႔ရငC�တြတြ�� အ.မၿပႏ�ငပါဘ။ .ာမCၾ�မ�ခင�ေ�ပၚ��၀ငလာ�ေ႔�၊ ၾ� မ�ခင�ေ�ဆလ႔တြထ�လ ာ�ေ႔ေ�တြ�� Branch Drain Line Pipe ေ�တြ�ေ�န�ဆင႔ ပ�ေ�တြ�� Waste

Sump ေ�တြ�ဆတြ.ာေ��ာ�ဆ ကသြ�( ယ �ပဆငငၿပ ၿပငပ.႔ စြစန႔ထ�ေ�စပါ�ယ။ Waste Sump ေ�တြ�ထ� ေ�နာ �ဆ Waste Sump ��ေ��ာ႔ .၊ ေ�ၿမမႈန ၊ �ႊ�႕စ�ာေ�တြ�� Sewer Line ထေမ�ာ�ရေ�စပ စစထတြ�ရငC�တြတြ�

� Gully Trap �ပဆငေ�ပရနCလတြ�အပပါ�ယ။ Washing Bay (�ာေ�ေတြ�ဆေ�ၾ�ာ�႔ ေ�န�ာမ) �တြထ�လ ာ �႔ ေ��စြစန႔�႔အတြ��က လည� Petrol Interceptor ေ�တြ��ပဆငေ�ပ�န လ�အပပါ�ယ။ ေ�နာ�ဆ Waste

Sump ��ေ��ာ႔ Sewer Line ထ.�ေ႔�စြစန႔ထ�မယ႔ Inspection Chamber ဆ�ဆကသြ�( ယပါ�ယ။

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Page 2: Sanitary Plumbing and Drainage - Ubder Ground Draninage

Drain Sump ��ေ��ာ႔ Dosmetic Water Tank Room, Sprinkler Tank Room စ�ေ႔န�ာေ�တြ�� ေ�� လ�လငၿဖစေ�စ၊ ေ��လလယလ ငၿဖစေ�စ ေ��စြစန႔ထ�ရငC�တြတြ��� .ၿပပါ�ယ။ လ�နာ�မယ႔အခ�ေ�တြ�ေ�

�ာ႔ Waste Sump ေ�တြ�န႔ အ��ပၿဖစပါ�ယ။Singapore Public Utility Board �ထ�ေ�၀�႔ Code of Practice on Sewerage and Sanitary Works

မာေ�ဖၚၿပထာ�႔ Inspection Chamber န႔ Waste Sump ��႔�႕ပေ�တြ��ေ�အာ�မာေ�လ႔လာႏ�ငပါ� ယ။

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Page 3: Sanitary Plumbing and Drainage - Ubder Ground Draninage

(၈.၁.၂) Manhole

Manhole ေ��ာ႔ Public Sewer Line န႔ဆ�ထ ာၿပ ေအဆာ�� ဥထ� ေ�ေ�တြ��စြစန႕ထ�ဖ�႔ IC ေ�တြ� ေ�န ဆကသြ�( ယထ ာပါ�ယ။ Manhole ေ�တြ�� ေအဆာ�� ဥန႔ အမာဆ မ�ာ ၅၀ အတြ�င�မာပ��ပါမယလ �႔ စ

�ၤ�ာပ�ဒမာ ေ�ဖၚၿပထာပါ�ယ။ Manhole ���ညေ�ဆာ�� .ၿပပ�လည� IC ေ�တြ��ပဆတြငင�.ၿပပန႔ အ��ပၿဖစပါ�ယ။ Manhole ေ��ာ႔ေအဆာ�� ဥ�႕အၿပငဖ�မာ�ညFပါ�ယ။ ေအဆာ�� ဥအတြ�င��စြစ

န႔ထ�လ �တ ေ႔�န႔ အညစ ေအၾ�ေ�တြ�� IC ေ�တြ�ေ��ာ႔ ေအဆာ�� ဥအတြ�င��စြစန႔ထ�လ �တ ႔ ေ� ေ�တြ�� ၿပငပ��ထ�ေ�ဆာင(ငယယOဖ�႔�န ၿဖစပါ�ယ။ Manhole �႕�ညေ�ဆာ�ပေ��ာ႔ မာေ�.ာအာၿ

ဖင႔ Circular ပၿဖစၿပ Precast ��.ၾ�ပါ�ယ။(၈.၁.၃) Pipes (ပ�မာ)

.ညေ�န�ာမ Pipe ဆ��ာန႔ပ�( �ၿပေ��ာ႔ဗဟ.�ေအနန႔ နည�နည�ေ��ခငပါ�ယ။ Pipe ဆ��ာ အ၀င�ဆ� ပ�ပလ�႔ အတြလယတ �မ�( ာၾ�ပါ�ယ။ Pipe �႕ အဓပၸာယဖြယဖင႔ဆ�ပေ��ာ႔ ASHRAE စာအ

ပမာ အ�ညေ�တြ���စေ�န�ာေ�န �စေ�န�ာ� .ယေ�ဆာငသြင[ာဖ�႔ၿဖစပါ�ယလ �႔ ေ�ဖၚၿပထာ�ာဖ�မဖပါ �ယ။ Pipe ေ�တြ�� အ.ၿပ�ေ႔န�ာ အ.ၿပ�႔အငသြ�ယ� စာ၊ အမအစာေ�ပၚမ�ညၿပ Pipe, Tube,

Hose လ�႔လည�ေ�ခၚၾ�ပါ�ယ။ �ခါ�� ေ��တြ.ယတ ႔ တြ�ငCက�စပ�ၾ �ေ�တြ��ေ��ာ႔ Conduit လ�႔ခၚပါ�ယလ �႔ မ�( ာဖပါ�ယ။ Tube ဆ��ာ� ေ�.ငယ �႔ပ�ေ�လေ�တြ�၊ Hose ဆ��ာ� ေ�

ပာေ႔ပာင��႔ Rubber, Steel Mesh စ�ာေ�တြ�န႔ ၿပလတြပထာၿပ အတြလယတ � ေ�တြ�ႏ�င၊ လႈပရာေ�န�႔ စ �ပစၥည�ေ�တြ�မာ Vibration ဒဏခႏ�ငဖ�႔လ��႔ ေ�န�ာေ�တြ�မာ �ပဆငငပါ�ယ။

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Pipe ေ�တြ��အ.ၿပ�႔လပငန�ေ�ပၚမ�ညၿပ အထအပါ၊ Material အမအစာေ�တြ�� ��မၻာလ မာေ��ာ႔ ANSI, ASME, API, JIS စ�႔ Standard ေ�တြ�၊ .�မ�ခ�ေ�တြ�လ�နာ�ပါ�ယ။ ဥပမာအာၿဖင႔

အထအပါေ�တြ�� Schedule 40, 80 စ.ညၿဖင႔.�မ�ပါ�ယ၊ မာေ�.ာအာၿဖငေ႔�န.လပငန�ေ�တြ� ဆ�ပါလင API Standard အ�ထ�ထ ာ�႔ပ�ေ�တြ�� အ.ၿပၾ�ပါ�ယ။ Plumbing လပငန�ထ� �စခၿ

ဖစတ႔ Gas Pipe ေ�တြ�� API အမအစာပ�ေ�တြ�� အ.ၿပေ�လ႔� ပါ�ယ။ ��ယ႔လ�အပခေ�က �ာ႔ �င�ၿပညF႕.�ဆ ငရာ�င�ၿပညF႕ ေ�ဒ.တြ�င�.�မ�ခ�ေ�တြ���.ာ ဥစာေ�ပ လ�နာ�မာၿဖစပါ�ယ။Belowground Drainage မာအ.ၿပ�႔ ပ�� မအစာေ�တြ�ေ��ာ႔ မာေ�.ာအာၿဖင႔ .ေ�ခ��ခႏ�ငၿ

ပေ��ာင႔�င� ခငမာ�႔ Ductile Iron ��.ၿပပါ�ယ။ တြ�ငCကရတြစထထညေ႔လာင��႔ Branch Drain Line ေ�တြ��ေ��ာ႔ Hubless Cast Iron ��အ.ၿပၾ�ပါ�ယ။Vitrified Clay Pipe ေ�တြ��လည�အ.ၿပၾ�ပါ�ယ။ IC အတြ�င� Open Channel (ေ�ေ�ၿမာင�) ၿပ

လပရာမာေ��ာ႔ Semi-Circle Vitrified Clay Pipe ေ�တြ��အမာဆအ.ၿပၾ�ပါ�ယ။ ၿပငပ Sewer Line ၾ�ေ�တြ�မာလည��ပဆတြငင�.ၿပ ပါ�ယ။ IC န႔ အတြ�င�ပင�မာ�ပဆတြငငထာ�႔ Channel ပနမနာေ�တြ�� ေ�

အာ�ေ�ဖၚၿပပါပေ�ေနလ႔လာႏ�ငပါ�ယ။

(၈.၁.၄) Ejector Pit (Ejector Tank)

ေအဆာ�� ဥအတြ�င��အညေစ�ၾ�ပါ�ေ႔�စြစန႔ထ�မယ႔ IC Drain �႕ေအၿခေအနဟာ ၿပင ပ Sewer Drain Line (Manhole) ထ�နမေ႔နပါ� Gravity Flow န႔ စြစန႔ထ�ဖ�႔မ�ႏ�တြငတ႔အတြ��ေ�ၾ�ာင႔ Ejector Tank �ပဆငေ�ပၿပ အညစ ေအၾ�ပါ�႔စြစန႔ထ�ေ�ေ�တြ�� Ejector Tank မာစေ�စၿပ Pump ေ�တြ�န႔ ၿပငပ Sewer Line ထစြစန႔ထ�ရငC�တြတြ��တ တြပဆင အ.ၿပပါ�ယ။(၈.၁.၄) Sewage Lifting Pump

Sewage Lifting Pump ေ�တြ�ေ��ာ႔ Ejector Pit (Tank) ထ�အညေစ�ၾ�ပါ�ေ႔ေ�တြ�� ၿပငပ� Public Drain Line ထ.�႔ စတြပယတြOစြစန႔ထ�ရငC�တြတြ��� .ၿပပါ�ယ။

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Page 5: Sanitary Plumbing and Drainage - Ubder Ground Draninage

(၉) လ�နာ�င႔..ငေ႔.ာေအလ႔အ�ငေ႔�ာင�မာ .�မ�ခ�မာ ၿပခ႔�႔အပင�မာ �နေ�နခ႔�႔ Drainage System မာ လေ�နအမခန�ေ�တြ�� စြစန႔ထ�လ �တ ေ႔�န႔ အ

ညေစ�ၾ�ေ�တြ�အၿပင ေအဆာ�� ဥတြဥတင�� Corridor, Car Parks, Staircase Landing စ.ညေ႔န�ာမာ� ေ�ဆေ�ၾ�ာ�ာေ�နတြထ�လ ာ�ေ႔�၊ အၿပငကစ၀ငလာ�ေ႔�မာ��လည�စြစန႔ထ�ေ�ပရနCလတြ�အပပါ�ယ။

လ�အပခ�ေ�တြ��ေ��ာ႔ စ�ၤ�ာပႏ�ငင�ထ�ေ�၀�႔ Code of Practice on Sewerage and Sanitary Works မာ .�မ� ခ�ေ�တြ���ပဖ�ရႈ႕ဖ�႔ အတြ�� အဆပါစာအတြပက.�မ�ခ�ေ�တြ��ပ ေ�ဖၚၿေပပလ�ပါ�ယ။(၉.၁) Branch Drain Line

Branch Drain Line ဆ��ာေ��ာ႔ IC ဆ.�႔ဆကသြ�( ယတ ႔ အမ(ာ၊ �ာပ�က တြငက Floor Trap စ�႔ပ�ေ�တြ�ပ ၿ ဖစပါ�ယ။ Branch Drain Line �႕ ပ�� ငသြ�ယဟ ာ အနည�ဆ ၁၀၀ မလမ�ာ�.င႔ၿပ ဆကသြ�( ယတ ႔ပ�� �ညဟာ ၁၀

မ�ာထ�ေ��ာစြန�လငCခ႔လငေ��ာ႔ ၁၅၀ မလ�ာ��ပါ�ယ။Branch Drain Line ေ�န IC ဆ�ဆ�တ ႔အခါ အန�ဟ ာ ၁. ၅ မ�ာထ�ေ��ာစြန�လငCပါ� ပ�� ငသြ�ယ ၁၅၀ မလမ�ာ

��မာၿဖစၿပ Back Drop/Tumbling �.�ပါမယ။ ေ�အာ�ေ�ဖၚၿပပါပေမလ႔လာႏ�ငပါ�ယ။Branch Drain Line �႕ ေ��စဆင�မႈလာ�ာ (Flow Direction) ဟာ Mian Drain Line �႕ လာ�ာန႔ ��

ပါ�ယ။ Main Drain Line �႕ ေ��စဆင�မႈ��ာဖ�က ဆကသြ�( ယၿခင�မၿပ�ပါဘ။ ေ��စေ�ၾ�ာင� �႕လာ�ာ� ဥ�ညၿပဆ�တ ာ�ေ��ာ႔ Acute Angle လ�႔ ေ�ခၚၾ�ပါ�ယ။ Branch Drain Line �႕ ပ

�ေ�အာ�ဖ�ဟ ာ Main Drain Line ပ�ရ႕ ေအပၚဖ�မာ��ပါမယ။(၉.၂) Main Drain Line

Main Drain Line ေ��ာ႔ IC �စလငန႔ �စလင ဆကသြ�( ယထ ာ�႔ပေငမ�ထ�ပ�ၿဖစၿပ အနည�ဆပ�� ငသြ�ယ ၁၅၀ မလမ�ာ��ပါမယ။ Main Drain Line ပ�� �ညဟာ မ�ာ ၅၀ ထ�ပၿပ�ညလ�႔မ�ပါ။

IC �စလငန႔ �စလငအန�ဟ ာတြ�ာၿခာမႈမာလင Back Drop/Tumbling ��႔.ဖ�႔ လ�အပခေ�က �ာ႔ Branch Drain Line န႔အ��ပၿဖစပါ�ယ။ Underground Drainage မာ ေအ�ၾ��ာေ��ာ႔ Gradient ၿဖစ

�႔အတြ�� ပ�ေ�တြ�အာလဟာ လေ�လာ�တ ႔ Gradient ��ရနCလတြ�အပပါ�ယ။ �.င႔�႔ Gradient ေ�တြ� �ေ�အာ�မာေ�ဖၚၿပထာ�႔ ဇယာေ�န ေ�လ႔လာႏ�ငပါ�ယ။

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Page 6: Sanitary Plumbing and Drainage - Ubder Ground Draninage

Branch Drain Line ပမာ

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Page 7: Sanitary Plumbing and Drainage - Ubder Ground Draninage

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Page 8: Sanitary Plumbing and Drainage - Ubder Ground Draninage

Tumbling Bay and Back Drop ပ(၉.၃) Drain Line under Building & Car Park, Drive Way

Sanitary Drain Pipe ဟာ ေအဆာ�� ဥ�႕ ေ�ၿေမအာ�မာ�ညFခ႔ပါလင အ.ၿပ�မယ႔ Heavy Duty Material ၿဖစရန လ�အပၿပ ပ�က လည� လေ�လာ�တ ႔ အ�ာအတြ�ယ� ၿဖစ .�မ�ထ ာ�႔တြ�ငCကရတြစ�မအစာ၊

အထ စ�ာေ�တြ�� လ�နာၿပ ခငခနေ႔စရငC�တြတြ�� ၿပလပေ�ပရနCလတြ�အပပါ�ယ။ ပ�ေ��ာ႔ ေ�အာ�မာေ�လ႔လာႏ�ငပါ�ယ။

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Page 9: Sanitary Plumbing and Drainage - Ubder Ground Draninage

(၉.၄) Inspection Chamber and Ventilation

IC ေ�တြ�� အ� တြ�ငCကရတြစတတြ�႔န႔ ခငခနေ႔အာငၿပလပၿပ ေ��လ၊ ေ�လလရနCလတြ�အပပါ�ယ။ ပထမဆ IC � Ventilation အတြ�� အနည�ဆပ�� ငသြ�ယ ၁၀၀ မလမ�ာ ��႔ Ventilation Stack �ပဆငေ�ပရနCလတြ�အပပါ�

ယ။ IC ပ�ေ��ာ႔ အထ�မာေ�ဖၚၿပခ႔�႔ IC ေအၾ�ာင�မာ ေ�လ႔လာႏ�ငပါ�ယ။IC အန� ၂. ၅ မ�ာထ�ေ��ာစြန�လငCခ႔လင ေ�.ခာစနစစတ��ညေ�ဆာ�ေ�ပရနCလတြ�အပပါ�ယ။ ေ�နာ�ဆ IC ဟာ

ေအဆာ�� ဥ�႕ နယ နမ� အတြ�င�ပင� ၂. ၅ မ�ာအတြ�ာေအ၀မာ�.င႔ပါ�ယ။(၉.၅) Wash Area

Wash Area ဟာအမေ�အာ�မာ��မာၿဖစၿပ ေ�ဘပ�လ ညက မေ�ေ�တြ� Sewer Line ထ၀ငမလာေ�စရငC�တြတြ�� ေ�ဘာငသြငကပေ�ပ�ပါမယ။ Wash Area ေ��စြစန႔ထ�ရငC�တြတြ�� Floor Trap ��အ.ၿပႏ�တြင(လ� Floor Waste

� Floor Trap ဆမ�ဆင႔ IC ဆ.�႔ ဆကသြ�( ယ�ႏ�ငပါ�ယ။ ပ�ေ�အာ�မာေ�လ႔လာႏ�ငပါ�ယ။

(၁၀) Private Sewage Treatment Plant (Onsite Treatment Plant)

ေအဆာ�� ဥအတြ�င��တြထ�လ ာ�ေ႔ေ�တြ�� စြစန႔ထ�ဖ�႔�ာ Main Sewer မ�ခ႔ပါ� ေအဆာ�တ ညF�ာ၀န� အတြ�င�မာ Treatment Plant �ညေ�ဆာ�ေ�ပဖ�႔လအပပါ�ယ။ ၿမCမာႏ�ငငလ� Public Sewer ေ�န�ာ�

င��ညေ�ဆာ�ေ�ပမထာ�႔ ေ�န�ာမဆ�ေ��ာ႔ ဗဟ.�ေအနနေ႔လ႔လာ.�ထာရနCလတြ�အပပါ�ယ။ Sewage Treatment ဆ�ာေ��ာ႔ အမ(ာ �င��ေ�.ခာ�ညေ�ဆာ�ၿပ အညေစ�ၾ�ပါ�ေ႔�� စနစစတ

�စြစန႔ထ�ၿခင�ပၿဖစပါ�ယ။ Sewage Treatment Plant �စခမာ ပါ၀ငတာေ�တြ�ေ��ာ႔ Septic Tank, Holding Tank, Distribution Box န႔ Drain Field ��႔ၿဖစပါ�ယ။ Septic Tank ထမာအနေညကစၿပေ�

�ာ႔ Holding Tank ဆေ�န (Distribution Box) ဆ.�႔ စြစန႔ထ�ရန Gravity Flow မ�ႏ�င�လငေ��ာ႔ Pump ��အ.ၿပရနCလတြ�အပပါ�ယ။ လေ�နအမ �စလငမာအ.ၿပ�႔ Sewage Treatment Plant �ညေ�ဆာ�ထ ာ�႔ပ�ေ�အာ�ေ�ဖၚၿပပါပမာေ�လ႔လာႏ�ငပါ�ယ။

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Page 10: Sanitary Plumbing and Drainage - Ubder Ground Draninage

(၁၀.၁) Septic Tank

Septic Tank ဆ��ာေ��ာ႔ အမ(ာ�င�ပါပ။ �ညေ�ဆာ�ပ� အ�န႔ႏ�စခပါ�ၿပ �စခန��အညေစ�ၾ� အဖ�ေ�တြ� အနေညကစၿပမ အ�ညေ�တြ��ေ��ာ႔ �ဖ�ခန�� Holding Tank ဆ.�႔လေ�စပါ�ယ။

Holding Tank ��ဆင႔ အ�ညေ�တြ��ပ�ေ�တြ�ဆစဆင�ေ�စ�ာ Distribution Box ဆေ�န Drain Field ထ�စြစန႔ထ�ပါ�ယ။ Septic Tank ပ�ေ�အာ�ေ�ဖၚၿပပါပမာ ေ�လ႔လာႏ�ငပါ �ယ။

Sewage Water ေ�တြ��စနစစတ�စြစန႔ပစရၿခင�ေ��ာ႔ လႏ�င႔ လ႔ပ�၀န��င(န႔�င��န�မာစြစာ�ေ�န�Cၿဖစတ႔အတြ�� �ညရြညFယပါ�ယ။ လ�အပခ�ေ�တြ�ေ��ာ႔ Septic Tank �စလငဟာေ��လရနCလတြ�အပၿပ ေ�ၿေမအာ�ေ�� ထ�ယ O��ႏ�တြငတ႔ ေ�န�ာန႔အနည�ဆ ၁၅ မ�ာအတြ�ာမာ �.င႔ပါ� ယဆ �ေ�ပမယ႔ .�ဆ ငရာေ�ဒ.တြ�င�အဖြဖ႔အစည�ေ�တြ��႕.��မ� ခ� ေအပၚမ�ညၿပကြ�ၿပာႏ�ငပါ�ယ။ Septic Tank �ညေ�ဆာ

�တ ႔နေ႔န�ာမာ အ.ၿပ�မယ႔ Material ေ�တြ�ေ��ာ႔ Precast Concrete, Glass Reinforced Plastic, Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic, Steel, Polyethylene စ�႔ Material ေ�တြ��အ.ၿပဖ�႔ အၾ�ၿပ

ထာပါ�ယ။ Septic Tank ေ�တြ�� အနည�ဆ�စ�ႏ�တြစတငစခါ စတြပယတြO�င�လင�ေ�ပရနCလတြ�အပ ပါ�ယ။

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Page 11: Sanitary Plumbing and Drainage - Ubder Ground Draninage

Septic Tank အငသြ�ယ� စာတြ��ခ�တ ာ��ေ��ာ႔ BS Code BS 6297 (1983) မာေ�လ႔လာႏ�ငပါ�ယ။ အ. င႔တြ��ခ� ထာ�႔ နမနာဇယာေ�တြ�� ဗဟ.�ေအနၿဖင႔ အၾ�မ�အာၿဖင႔.�ေ�လ႔လာႏ�ငပါ�

ယ။

(၁၀.၂) Drain Field

Drain Field ေ��ာ႔ ေအပါ�ပါ�႔ပ� (Perforated Pipe) ေ�တြ�န႔�ညေ�ဆာ�ထ ာ�ာၿဖစၿပ ေ�ၿမၾ� ထ.�႔ Septic Tank ဆ�လာ�ေ႔ေ�တြ��� အဆ�ပါေအပါ�ေ�တြ�မ�ဆင႔ ေ�ၿမၾ�ထ.�႔ စ

မ႔၀ငေ�စပါ�ယ။ ေ�ၿမၾ��ပ Filter အၿဖစ(တြၿပ Treated Water �� ေ�ၿမၾ�ထ.�႔ စမ႔၀ငေ� စပါ�ယ။

Drain Filed �ညေ�ဆာ�ထ ာပ� ေ�အာ�ေ�ဖၚၿပပါပေ�တြ�မာေ�လ႔လာႏ�ငပါ�ယ။

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Page 12: Sanitary Plumbing and Drainage - Ubder Ground Draninage

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Page 13: Sanitary Plumbing and Drainage - Ubder Ground Draninage

(၁၁) Grey Water Recycling System

���ေ�န�႔�င�ၿပညေ�တြ�မာေ��ာ႔ ေ���ၿပCလည[န႔စင(တြဖြစဖ�႔လပေ�နၾ�ပါ�ယ။ ေ�ဟာ�တယေ� တြ�၊ ေ��ာ႔ပင�ေ�မာလ ေ�တြ�မာ မဖ�ေ�ခာင၊ အမ.ာေ�တြ�ေ�နမဟ�ပ တြထ�ရလာ�ေ႔ေ�တြ�� ၿပCလည[န႔စ

ငၿပ အမ(ာအတြ�� အ.ၿပဖ�ေ႔�အၿဖစၿပCလတြည�.ဖြစၾ�ပါ�ယ။ လ�ရလည�အ.ၿပေ�နၾ�ၿပမ�႔ ေ.ဘာ��ာ၊ အလငပလငပပ�ေ�လ႔လာ �ႏ�ငေ�စရငC�တြတြ�� ေ�အာ�မာပေ�ဖၚၿေပပလ�ပါ�ယ။

36


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