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IEEE201011EMBEDDEDPROJECTS
SLITETECHNOLOGIES 2010
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IEEE 2010 EMBEDDED
1.A Low Cost Microcontroller Implementation of Neural Network
Based Hurdle Avoidance Controller for a Car-Like Robot
Abstract:This paper describes the implementation of a neural network based hurdle
avoidance controller for a car like robot using a low cost single chip 89C52
microcontroller. The neural network is the multilayer feed-forward network with
back propagation training algorithm. The network is trained offline with tangent-
sigmoid as activation function for neurons and is implemented in real time with
piecewise linear approximation of tangent-sigmoid function. Results have shown
that up-to twenty neurons in hidden layer can be deployed with the proposed
technique using a single 89C52 microcontroller. The vehicle is tested in various
environments containing obstacles and is found to avoid obstacles in its pathsuccessfully.
2.A Performance Comparison of Energy Conservation between Idle
Mode and Power Down Mode for Microcontroller in Wireless
Mobile Node
Abstract:
In the regular of wireless network, conserving energy is important to extending
the lifetime of mobile nodes and network. The goal of this paper is investigated the
comparison of energy conservation between idle mode and power down mode
based on the microcontroller. The LWM-433H wireless module is applied with the
microcontroller. The operation of idle mode and power down mode are controlling
the energy supply while the data transmission only. Based on experiment, the data
transmission of wireless node is every 5 minutes, 15 minutes and 30 minutes at the
transmission range is 65 meters. The time of each transmission successfully at 0.33
seconds that the frame size is 10 bytes, the battery is 12V2.6Ah. The result shows
that the energy conservation of microcontroller in power down mode is more than
idle mode by up to 14.59 percents, 14.64 percents and 14.65 percents, respectively.
In addition, the battery lifetime in mobile node is 89.55 hours, 89.62 hours and
89.64 hours. The result can be explained, the power down mode that is stop the
operation of an oscillator circuit while the idle mode closes the internal clock ignal
only. The result may be applied for some mobile application and support working
with lifetime such as wireless mobile node, etc.
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3. An Intelligent Road Traffic Control System
Abstract:
This paper reveals the use of a microcontroller to optimize timing plansaccording to traffic conditions in realtime. The control system is designed to be
able to optimize the traffic flow using several kinds of strategies, which are green
time split and time slot, green time extension, and offset optimization strategy and
the transfer of data related to local conditions to a network control base. This
provides diversity in control and shows how several control strategies can be used
and switched over to provide best control. The solution is cost-effective too
employing minimum number of sensors. Keywords- Intelligent Traffic Control
System (ITCS), Microcontroller, Network base, Timing Matrix
4. Data Transmission System of an Optically Steered Modulated Laser Beam
Abstract:The main goal of this project is to develop and implement a prototype optical
transmission system supporting point-to-point communication link. A free space
laser link and a plastic fiber link have been designed and implemented in this
present work. Both links have been tested with two data source systems: PC as a
host and PIC as a host by asynchronous serial transmission. Since any serial
data from either host is represented by turning the laser bean on for a one and off
for a zero, visible red laser diode is the heart of this project. Just up to the
maximum speed of serial port that can be offered, 115200 bps, has been tested and
is reliable at distances of 30 feet. As a result of this work, wireless laser system was
designed and can be used as a direct link between adjacent buildings whereas
plastic fiber link in short range communication network architecture without EMI,
impossible direct interception and the transmission can be detected by no
instrument. Any information in all types of files and any images can successfully
transfer by Hyper Terminal and self-developed software through those links.
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5. Design of Synchronous Sampling System Based on ATT7022C
Abstract:
Higher and higher demands of power quality detection are asked approach to thefurther demand to understanding of power quality. Moreover, harmonics in the
grid is detected how fast and synchronous appears especially important. An
approach to detect harmonics is presented in this paper. The design is mainly
composed of a single ATT7022C chip and a microcontroller. Working principle is
introduced firstly. Then the structure of the system is discussed. A software
design approach of data acquisition, based on the chip ATT7022C and low cost
DSP TMS320F2812 (F2812), is given in this paper. This design is given to verify
fast speed, high detection accuracy and poor calculation.
6. Design of the Temperature Control System of Solar CellLamination MachineAbstract:
The temperature control is the key step in the laminating process of solar cell
lamination machine. The traditional controlling method is PLC temperature
control. The method being used has some shortages such as high price, low control
precision, and so on. In order to improve the control precision and its performance-
price ratio, a new control system taking the double microcontroller (MCU) as its
core is introduced in this paper. Based upon the system, the expert PID was
designed to adjust the requirements of the temperature control. The method can
adjust the temperature parameters and establish an accurate laminating temperatureunder the condition of changing temperature and different control targets. The
practical operation results show that the controller has a better robustness and a
higher control precision. In addition, it can adapt to an external changing condition,
and has a strong anti-jamming capability.
7. Designing Switching System for AC Powered Appliances Using
MicrocontrollerAbstract:
This paper describes the first phase of the development process of this project.
There are two phases involve in this research work. In the first phase, PROTUESsimulation tools were used to design, study and analyze the proposed research
work. Results from the simulation will be use as reference to re-design and develop
the real-time hardware-based system. In the second phase, the hardware will be
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developed based on the study and analysis carried out in the first phase. The
developed hardware will be integrated to a stand-alone source powered via
photovoltaic technology. This will be an added advantage to this system because it
will be able to operate without having to connect to the electrical network system.
Furthermore, the system is integrated to light dependent resistance and negative
temperature coefficient sensors to automatically operate the system based on thesensors characteristics.
8.Embedded Programmable Web-based ECG Monitoring &
etection System Using a Fast AlgorithmAbstract:
This paper presents the design of a complete portable package for a low cost
embedded programmable ECG measurement and monitoring system implemented
by a fast algorithm in detecting ECG characteristics points. This proposed system is
expected to monitor the electrical activity of heart of the patient under critical caremore conveniently and accurately for diagnosing which can be interfaced with
computer to bring it under a network system widely for the doctor to monitor the
patients condition sitting in his own office without being physically present near to
the patients bed.
9. Fabrication of Microcontroller Based Multipurpose Measuring
system with Inbuilt Data AcquisitionAbstract:
The designed measuring system is a low cost, flexible, portable Holter which can
be used for long time Continuous Monitoring. Here in this paper, the designedsystem is implemented for impedance measurement and is based upon the principle
that when the fixed input current is fed to the cross section of object, corresponding
output voltage can be obtained which further leads to determine the conductivity of
the region of that object. These measured impedance changes are especially
utilized in biomedical field viz Electrical Impedance Tomography, Respiratory
measurement, Brain Activity analysis, Pneumography etc. Further data acquisition
software is also developed in VB to capture data points in PC. The designed system
is tested on various conducting models under different current patterns and
frequency. The observed values are found suitable according to the experiment
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10. Microcontroller Based Low Cost Controlled Rectifiers Training
Module for Power Electronics LaboratoryAbstract:
The junior level Power Electronics Lab is an important component of ElectricalEngineering curriculum at University of The Punjab, Lahore. It serves to
familiarize the students with the design simulation and analysis of power electronic
converters. In this paper, design and implementation of a low cost microcontroller
based controlled rectifier training module for single-phase system to be utilized in
Power Electronics Lab is presented. The module comprises of various units. The
first unit is zero crossing detector followed by the pulse shifting unit, pulse shaping
unit, pulse isolation unit, thyristor unit, diode unit, load unit, current sense unit,
voltage sense unit and finally rpm sense unit. Various experiments are designed to
study the different configurations of the controlled rectifiers. These configurations
include half converter, semi converter, full converter, dual converter, series semiconverter and series full converter. Some types of AC voltage controllers can also
be studied. This system may readily be extended to study three phase-controlled
rectifiers
11. Microcontroller-Based Two-Axis Solar Tracking SystemAbstract:
The main goal of this project is to develop and implement a prototype of two-axis
solar tracking system based on a PIC microcontroller. The parabolic reflector or
parabolic dish is constructed around two feed diameter to capture the suns energy.
The focus of the parabolic reflector is theoretically calculated down to aninfinitesimally small point to get extremely high temperature. This two axis auto-
tracking system has also been constructed using PIC 16F84A microcontroller. The
assembly programming language is used to interface the PIC with two-axis solar
tracking system. The temperature at the focus of the parabolic reflector is measured
with temperature probes. This auto-tracking system is controlled with two 12V, 6W
DC gear box motors. The five light sensors (LDR) are used to track the sun
and to start the operation (Day/Night operation). Time Delays are used for stepping
the motor and reaching the original position of the reflector. The two-axis solar
tracking system is constructed with both hardware and software implementations.
The designs of the gear and the parabolic reflector are carefully considered andprecisely calculated.
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12. Wireless Measurement and Control System for Environmental
Parameters in Greenhouse
Abstract According to the environmental parameters monitoring requirements in
greenhouse, a wireless measurement and control system for temperature and
humidity is developed. It overcomes the disadvantages of wired monitoring system,
such as complicated wiring, and difficult maintenance. The environmental
parameters in every greenhouse were measured and controlled by microcontroller.
The hardware and software of the monitoring system are discussed in detail. The
experimental results show that the developed monitoring system has the following
features, such as simple structure, high reliability, good extensibility and flexible
configuration. It can control and adjust automatically the environmental parameters
in every greenhouse, and has project practicality and vendibility.
13. A novel approach of maximizing energy harvesting in
photovoltaic systems based on bisection search theorem
AbstractThis paper presents a new approach of maximizing energy harvesting in
photovoltaic (PV) systems using bisection search theorem (BST). The fundamental
of the BST and its application into maximum power point tracker (MPPT) in PV
systems are described. A microcontroller is used to control a DC/DC boost
converter to realize the MPPT function. Experimental results from solar array
simulator show that the proposed technique can track maximum power point very
fast within a few steps. The feasibility of the proposed MPPT is also verified in
natural environment condition with two solar modules in parallel. Since the
proposed technique is simple in computation, cheap in implementation and fast in
tracking, it is expected to be widely used to replace conventional MPPT techniques
in PV systems
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14. Adding New Functions to the Remote Airfield Lighting System
Abstract
There are many remote airfields that are not connected to the power grid.
Providing adequate lighting to these airfields is necessary and challenging. TheFederal Aviation Administration (FAA) has sponsored a research project, Remote
Airfield Lighting Systems (RALS), through the Center for General Aviation
Research (CGAR). The findings from the RALS research specified a light that had
low power needs and a color/intensity to meet the requirements for airfield
identification and landing. To make these lights more appropriate to wide spread
applications, the research team is conducting an exemplary operational test. In this
paper, we discuss the new functions added to these lights for the operational test,
including both automatically/remotely switching on/off the lights and smart
charging of the batteries using solar panels under the control of a microcontroller.
In addition, we consider future new functions such as low cost pilot controlled
lighting as well as wireless networking for health monitoring and controlling of the
lighting system. These new functions can greatly improve the convenience of the
usage of RALS while vkeeping the same low cost.
15. Design and Built of on - Load Fully Electronic Tap-Changer
with Triac Switch: Simulation and Practical Results
Abstract:
This paper, introduces a new solid-state on load Tap-changer that has four steps.
One of the main requirements of any electrical system is that it should provide avoltage to the consumer which remains within closely defined limits regardless of
the loading on the system. Industrial equipment such as speed drives, electronic
and control systems are sensitive to voltage variation and affected by bad power
quality and poor power factor. Voltage dips can cause shutdown of plants or result
in damage of devices. By using of electronic tap-changer, most of the voltage dips
can be avoided and lead to good power quality and thus, result in good operation of
equipment. The prototype was built with triac switches as the switching devices
and A VR microcontroller as the control circuit. In this work a fully electronic tap
changer with four taps for 2 KV A, 220/1200V single phase transformer is
designed and built. Also some of problems that caused to limitation of electronictap changer application at high power and voltage system and technical solution
ways for theses problems are described. The discrete cycle modulation (DCM) has
been used in this tap changer.
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16.Microcontroller Based Neural Network Controlled Low Cost
Autonomous Vehicle
Abstract
In this paper, design of a low cost autonomous vehicle based on neural networkfor navigation in unknown environments is presented. The vehicle is equipped with
four ultrasonic sensors for hurdle distance measurement, a wheel encoder for
measuring distance traveled, a compass for heading information, a GPS receiver for
goal position information, a GSM modem for changing destination place on run
time and a nonvolatile RAM for storing waypoint data; all interfaced to a low cost
AT89C52 microcontroller. The microcontroller processes the information acquired
from the sensors and generates robot motion commands accordingly through neural
network. The neural network running inside the microcontroller is a multilayer
feed-forward network with back-propagation training algorithm. The network is
trained offline with tangent-sigmoid as activation function for neurons and isimplemented in real time with piecewise linear approximation of tangent-sigmoid
function. Results have shown that upto twenty neurons can be implemented in
hidden layer with this technique. The vehicle is tested with varying destination
places in outdoor environments containing stationary as well as moving obstacles
and is found to reach the set targets successfully.
17. A Self-powered Power Management Circuit for Energy
Harvested by a Piezoelectric CantileverAbstract-
This paper presents development of a self-powered power management circuit forenergy harvested by a piezoelectric cantilever. A full-wave rectifier followed by a
buck-boost converter running in the discontinuous conduction mode rectifies the
AC output, matches the source impedance, and generates a regulated DC output
provided the input power is sufficient to charge up the load. A low power
microcontroller unit is used for the maximum power point tracking and the output
voltage regulation. Experimental results show that the circuit can harvest up to 3.5
mW with a 50x31.8 mm2 piezoelectric cantilever under 0.5g (rms) base
acceleration. Detailed loss analysis is presented for efficiency enhancement in the
future
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18. Application of Complementary Signals in Built-In Self Testers
for Mixed-Signal Embedded Electronic SystemsAbstract
This paper concerns the implementation of shapedesigned complementary signals(CSs), which were matched to the frequency characteristic of the circuit under test,
in built-in self testers (BISTs), dedicated to mixed-signal embedded electronic
systems for testing their analog sections. The essence of the proposed method and
solution of CS BIST is low-cost realization on the base of hardware and software
resources of microcontrollers that were used in contemporary embedded systems.
This paper presents a description and a theoretical basis of known bipolar CSs
and unipolar CSs proposed by the authors, results of investigations of metrological
properties of CSs, and a solution of CS BIST and its experimental verification on
the examples of testing second- and fourth-order Butterworth filters
19. Design and application of an automatic packaging machine
controller based on ATmega 128Abstract
In this paper we investigate the major function units of an automatic F/F/S
packaging machine including bag forming, material filling, sealing temperature
control, status display, fault detection and alarm etc. ATmega18 microcontroller is
used as the central manager to coordinate the individual control function modules.
AC motor is used to fulfill the film drawing in both fixed length mode and colourtag tracing mode. Under the same precision control, it costs much less than using
servo or stepper motor. This controller has the advantage of easy installation and
maintenance compare to the normal implementation with a complex interface
circuit
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20.Design and Application of Mobile Embedded Systems for Home
Care ApplicationsAbstract
Applied biotelemetry is of growing importance in today's world. Specificity ofbiotelemetric data put special requirements on real biotelemetric system. This
article describes some of conclusions acquired in development of real biotelemetric
system using off the shelf embedded hardware technology, namely ARM
microcontrollers, FRAM memory and dedicated ZigBee chipsets. Described
biotelemetric system is partitioned into logical parts that communicate using
custom data protocols. Devices participating in biotelemetric system use ZigBee
and Ethernet networks as underlying structure for data communication.
21. Design and realization of low cost discrete psd controller for
power Electronics a pplications
Abstract
Most systems are controlling by common PID controllers. These PID controllers
are available in variety possibilities. They are divided by types of controlling
systems, by speed of action interference, by complexity, by robustness etc. Most of
industrial controllers are very expensive and except of some basic setting they are
not offering any other way, how to involve into controlling process. On the other
side, developing new analog controller to control simple systems is not reasonablein financial or time issue. Thats why we decided to build simple, discrete
controller and implement its algorithm into single chip eight bit microcontroller
(MCU). This discrete controller PSD is characteristic its simplicity and
variability. It can control plenty of less complicated systems by a mere change of
its characteristic parameters. Thanks to modern approach is possible to create a full
- featured controller including power action element on an area equal to 7cm2.
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22. Microcontroller Based Neural Network Controlled Low Cost
Autonomous VehicleAbstract
In this paper, design of a low cost autonomous vehicle based on neural networkfor navigation in unknown environments is presented. The vehicle is equipped with
four ultrasonic sensors for hurdle distance measurement, a wheel encoder for
measuring distance traveled, a compass for heading information, a GPS receiver for
goal position information, a GSM modem for changing destination place on
run time and a nonvolatile RAM for storing waypoint data; all interfaced to a low
cost AT89C52 microcontroller. The microcontroller processes the information
acquired from the sensors and generates robot motion commands accordingly
through neural network. The neural network running inside the microcontroller is a
multilayer feed-forward network with back-propagation training algorithm. The
network is trained offline with tangent-sigmoid as activation function for neuronsand is implemented in real time with piecewise linear approximation of tangent-
sigmoid function. Results have shown that upto twenty neurons can be
implemented in hidden layer with this technique. The vehicle is tested with varying
destination places in outdoor environments containing stationary as well as moving
obstacles and is found to reach the set targets successfully.
23. Microcontroller Controlled ECG SimulatorAbstract:
Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a signal designed to work as result of contraction of
the heart muscle that make up the electrical biopotentials, using body surfaceelectrodes obtained by obtaining are marked. The result of the heart losing healthy
working conditions, disturbances on frequency and amplitude of ECG signals
recorded by electrocardiograph according to the healty ECG signal, occurs. The
study performed, is a work to help educational problem in the fields of Faculty of
Medicine and Biomedical Engineering Education, and calibration of ECG devices
without a real heart. In this study, heart rhythm disorders under the supervision of
the microcontroller designed a system that may occur due to be displayed in a
virtual environment analysis of all disease has been made with prepared simulator
(virtual reality application) to reduce medical errors and the spending time and
costing at the same time provide more effectively healty service with well-trainedphysicians
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24. A Low-cost Real-time Closed-loop Epileptic Seizure Monitor and
ControllerAbstract
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder, which sometimes cannot be successfully
treated. We propose a real-time closed-loop monitoring and controlling device forepileptic seizure detection and suppression. This wireless-networked embedded
device includes signal conditioning circuitry, a stimulator, and a microcontroller
with a wireless transceiver. A TI CC2430 receives the conditioned EEG signals and
performs feature extraction on them to determine if a seizure has happened. The
ZigBee-based wireless transceiver transmits the EEG data to the backend computer
for future off-line study. If a seizure is detected after the real-time computation, an
enabling signal is sent to the stimulator to generate stimulating pulses to suppress
the seizure. The feature extraction is implemented using entropy and spectrum
analysis, followed by an LLS classifier. A fast seizure detection response time ofaround 0.6 s and a seizure detection algorithm accuracy of above 95%, when
applied to a standard dataset, were achieved with the proposed portable embedded
device
25. A New Distributed Localization Algorithm for ZigBee Wireless
NetworksAbstract:
Node localization becomes an exciting research area for recently large emergence
of ZigBee based wireless applications, where received signal strength indication is
adopted as a coarse but simple method on range measurement. Compared with thecentralized approach, distributed algorithm that nodes locally calculate their own
position coordinates can significantly reduce location-related network traffic;
however, this is an intensive process. Unlike commercial digitalhardware- block
based method used in CC2431, we propose a novel distributed algorithm that can
be implemented based on common 8-bit MCU. In this algorithm, instead of log-
normal, piecewise linear path loss model was established, which let only linear
operation when estimating range from RSSI. Besides, min-max method, other than
maximum likelihood estimation method, was used to simplify coordinate
calculation. Furthermore, ZigBee compatible sensor node modules were developedto carry out the contrast experiments, and results
demonstrate the new method has close or even better precision compared with
basic algorithm, but with lower cost.
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26. A Node Localization Scheme for Zigbee-based Sensor NetworksAbstract
The localization problem consists in estimating the position of the nodes within
the network. This is a crucial issue for location-dependant applications. This paper
presents an implementation of a localization scheme based only on the received
signal strength (SS) in a Zigbee-based sensor network. This is done by taking
advantage of the inherent radio communication capability present in each node.
The algorithm is intended for an outdoor environment. It is based in a model,
which infers distance between neighboring nodes using the SS. A coordinate
system is then derived employing a multidimensional scaling (MDS) technique.
The signal power level variability due to ground reflection is approached using
Lloyd Effect (from optics) and incorporated in the model.
27. A Security Analysis for Wireless Sensor Mesh Networks inHighly Critical SystemsAbstract
Nowadays, critical control systems are a fundamental component contributing
to the overall performance of critical infrastructures in our society, most of which
belong to the industrial sector. These complex systems include in their design
different types of information and communication technology systems, such as
wireless (mesh) sensor networks, to carry out control processes in real time. This
fact has meant that several communication standards, such as Zigbee PRO,
Wireless HART, and ISA100.11a, have been specified to ensure coexistence,
reliability, and security in their communications. The main purpose of this paperhas been to review these three standards and analyze their security. We have
identified a set of threats and potential attacks in their routing protocols, and we
consequently provide recommendations and countermeasures to help Industry
protect its infrastructures
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28. A Smart ZIGBEE Based Wireless Sensor Meter SystemAbstract
A temperature, humidity and light meter has been designed and implemented
using open standards technology and commercial components in order to monitorenvironmental indoor and outdoor conditions. At the heart of the smart meter lies a
microprocessor processor using the ZigBee protocol to communicate the data
transmitted by commercial wireless sensors. A prototype has been built and
preliminary measurements have been taken. The potential of this configuration is
being discussed.
29. A Surveillance Robot with Hopping Capabilities for Home
Security
Abstract Most traditional home robots have always had problems with stairs, doorsills and
other obstacles that humans cross with ease in cluttered indoor environments. This
paper presents the development and characterization of a surveillance robot with
hopping capabilities for home security. The proposed robot, which is 9cm in height
and 250g in weight, can leap over obstacles more than 4 times its own size. It
depends on the elastic elements in a six-bar linkage leg system to enable hopping
locomotion. It can also roll freely on flat floors and change its directions by the
two-wheeled differential drive system. It adopts the ZigBee protocol for wireless
communication and therefore can be added to a ZigBee-based home control
network as a mobile video sensor node. Experimental results verify that
theprototype robot is a powerful home security device that can patrol in cluttered
home environments with ease1
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30.A Zigbee Based Wireless Sensor Network for Sewerage
Monitoring
AbstractBlockages in sewers are major causes of both sewer flooding and pollution. Water
companies which fail to tackle this problem face hefty fines and high operational
costs if they unsuccessful to provide a practical solution to prevent flooding. As a
result, the detection of sewer condition is routinely required to inform on the best
course of action to eliminate this critical problem. This paper presents a novel low
cost wireless sensor technology to detect blockages proactively, and feed these
event data back to a central control room. The practical deployment of the
proposed WSN in an urban area will be demonstrated. In addition, the challenges
of this technology in a field trial and the recorded data in terms of the sensor and
communication reliability will be addressed
31. A ZigBee-Based Home Automation SystemAbstract
In recent years, the home environment has seen a rapid introduction of network
enabled digital technology. This technology offers new and exciting opportunities
to increase the connectivity of devices within the home for the purpose of home
automation. Moreover, with the rapid expansion of the Internet, there is the added
potential for the remote control and monitoring of such network enabled devices.
However, the adoption of home automation systems has been slow. This paper
identifies the reasons for this slow adoption and evaluates the potential of ZigBeefor addressing these problems through the design and implementation of a flexible
home automation architecture. A ZigBee based home automation system and Wi-Fi
network are integrated through a common home gateway. The home gateway
provides network interoperability, a simple and flexible user interface, and remote
access to the system. A dedicated virtual home is implemented to cater for the
systems security and safety needs. To demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness
of the proposed system, four devices, a light switch, radiator valve, safety sensor
and ZigBee remote control have been developed and evaluated with the home
automation system.
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32. Application and Evaluation of High Power Zigbee Based
Wireless Sensor Network in Water Irrigation Control MonitoringSystemAbstract
The application of wireless sensor network (WSN) for a water irrigation control
monitoring is composed of a number of sensor nodes with a networking capability
that can be deployed for an ad hoc and continuous monitoring purpose. The
parameters involved in the water reservation control such as the water level and
motor movement of the gate controlling the flow of water will be measured in the
real time by the sensors that send the data to the base station or control/monitoring
room. This paper proposes how such monitoring system can be setup emphasizing
on the aspects of low cost, easy ad hoc installation and easy handling andmaintenance. The use of wireless system for monitoring purpose will not only
reduce the overall monitoring system cost in term of labor cost, but will also
provide a flexibility in term of distance or location. In this paper, the fundamental
design and implementation of WSN featuring a Zigbee Technology together with
the IEEE 802.15.4 compatible transceiver and the simple water flow control circuit
is proposed. The developed platform is cost-effective and allows easy
customization. Several preliminary results of measurement to evaluate the
reliability and effectiveness of the system are also presented
33. Combined Scheduling of Ultrasound And GPS Signals in AWearable ZigBee-Based Guidance System for The BlindAbstract
We have designed and implemented a wearable ZigBee-based guidance system
in which a main controller collects ultrasound and GPS signals from sensors
attached to subcontrollers and provides appropriate directions to a blind person.
The signals from the different sources need to be handled separately, which reduces
the effective sampling rate, and may impact the quality of the guidance provided.
To address this, we propose a new scheduling scheme that interleaves the two
signals without collision, based on the on-line estimation of signal handling times.
Experimental results show that this scheme increases a sampling rate by up to 71%compared with the simple scheme1.
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34. Design and Implementation of the Zigbee-based body sensor
network systemAbstract
Tranditionally the medical monitoring used in hospital brought a lotinconvenience because of the complex wires between patients and equipments. In
order to solve these problems, a human health wireless monitoring system based on
Zigbee wireless communications is proposed. The system proposes multiple
wireless physiological sensors to form a expandable wireless sensor network
system architecture. Then the structure of the system used in wireless sensor nodes
is introduced and the purpose is to collect the patients physiological information,
such as pulse, temperature, basically realize remote medical monitoring for
patients. This system can not only realize accurate measurement of indicators, but
also save the patients travel between home and the hospital
35. Design and Implementation of ZigBee Based Wireless Sensor
Network for Remote SpO2 MonitorAbstract
A wireless sensor network which consists of SpO2 sensor devices, a router, and
Personal Area Network (PAN) coordinators was proposed in this paper. These
devices of the network are all developed on ZigBee module which consists of a
MCU (MSP430F1611) and a ZigBee chip (CC2320). The sensor devices measure
the SpO2 data from patients and transmit it to the router. The router schedule a
sending time for each associated device and use hierarchical routing to forwarddata to a specific device. The PAN coordinator extracts the received packages and
passes them to the personal computer. A web-based management method is used to
manage the physiological signals which can be displayed on the web page. The
system can collect sensitive health information remotely and has a good applied
prospect in remote healthy hare field.
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36. Full-wave-based location system method evaluation
AbstractEvaluation of received signal strength (RSS)- based indoor location system is
presented. The proposed method starts from the field amplitude decay law in free-
space conditions, but also taking into account the near-field terms for those cases
where the distance between transmitter and receiver does not meet far-field
conditions. The proposed method is tested in a real indoor scenario, being the field
level measured at different positions. The recorded field data are used to evaluate
the method accuracy when determining the position of the RF transmitter. Practical
considerations of a location system implementation using a ZigBee-based sensor
network are finally discussed
37. InfoPods: Zigbee-Based Remote Information Monitoring Devices
for Smart-HomesAbstract
Recent developments in ad-hoc wireless networks, single-chip embedded systems
and the wide-spread availability of Internet in homes has made it possible to
remotely monitor status of external data sources and home appliances using small,
independent wireless devices. This paper presents an open-architecture and an
implementation of such a system called the Infopods System. This architecture is
based on a Zigbee-based controller. The architecture allows multiple family
members to simultaneously monitor their home appliances as well as externalInternet resources using cheap, stand-alone hand-held mobile wireless devices. The
proposed architecture can be easily integrated with existing smart-home systems.
The architecture is implemented and demonstrated in the context of an existing
Java-based smarthome architecture.1
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38. Location-Aware Fall Detection System for Medical Care Quality
ImprovemenAbstract
Falls are one of the most common adverse events in hospitals and fallmanagement remains a major challenge in the medical care quality. Falls in
patients are associated with major health complications that can result in health
decline and increased medical care cost. To deliver medical care in time, reliable
location-aware fall detection is needed. In this paper, we propose a patient alert
alarm for fall management. It is ZigBee-Based location awareness fall detection
system that provides immediate position information to the caregivers as soon as
the fall happened. Obviously, the integration of location awareness and fall
detection technologies fulfills the requirements of delivering critical information to
relative professions and improve the medical care quality.
39. Route Navigation System in Zigbee-based Sensor NetworksAbstract:During the research of supplementary system for visual impairment people, it has
been discovered that it is better to use ZigBee wireless technology considering the
reliability, portability and flexibility. Through the independent regionally-covered
Zigbee networks and the Zigbee terminal with voice prompts, clients will be able to
get to the destination correctly and independently according to the data which has
been inputted in advance. At the same time, the Zigbee networks will be connected
to the local signal system in order to ensure clients security on their way to thedestination. This project has been experimented with the help of simulation
platform and proved effective in solving the problem about the clients security to a
large extent.
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40. Wireless Sensor Network for Performance Monitoring of
Electrical Machine
AbstractTo avoid unexpected equipment failures and obtain higher accuracy in diagnostic
and prognostic for the health condition of a motor, efficient and comprehensive
data collecting, monitoring, and control play an important role to improve the
system more reliable and effective. A novel wireless data collection for health
monitoring system of electric machine based on wireless sensor network
(ZigBee/IEEE802.15.4 Standard) is proposed and developed in this paper. The
unique characteristics of ZigBee networks such as low power, low cost, and high
flexibility make them ideal for this application. As the focus of this paper, the
hardware design and implementation of a multiple nodes Zigbee based wireless
sensor network are discussed. The communication protocol and software design forboth wireless sensor network node and base station based on the CC2430 system
on chip are presented in detail. Experimental results of the proposed wireless
sensor network for its applicability to investigate different operating conditions
such as electrical faults and mechanical faults are investigated and discussed.
41.ZigBee Based Intelligent Helmet for Coal Miners
Abstract
A cost effective ZigBee-based wireless mine supervising system is presented in this
article. This scheme used intelligent helmets as voice terminal and ultra-low-powernodes of wireless sensor network.The programme adopted ZigBee wireless
technology to build wireless sensor networks, realized real-time surveillance with
early-warning intelligence on methane,temperature, humidity in mining area, and
used speech communication to reduce potential safety problems in coal production
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42.A 2g-rfid-based e-healthcare systemAbstract
Radio frequency identification technology has received an increasing amount of
attention in the past few years as an important emerging technology. However, theintrinsically passive features of existing RFID systems, to which we refer as first-
generation RFID systems, render their adaptation to real-world dynamics in order
to efficiently comply with up-to-date application specific requirements difficult. To
address this challenging issue, we propose an evolution to second-generation RFID
systems characterized by the introduction of encoded rules that are dynamically
stored in RFID tags. This novel approach facilitates the systems operation to
perform actions on demand for different objects in different situations, and enables
improved scalability. Based on 2G-RFID-Sys, we propose a novel e-healthcare
management system, and explain how it can be employed to leverage the
effectiveness of existing ones. It is foreseeable that the flexibility and scalability of2G-RFIDSys will support more automatic and intelligent applications in the future
43. An RFID-Based Closed-Loop Wireless Power Transmission
System for Biomedical ApplicationsAbstract
This brief presents a standalone closed-loop wireless power transmission system
that is built around a commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) radio-frequency
identification (RFID) reader (TRF7960) operating at 13.56 MHz. It can be used for
inductively powering implantable biomedical devices in a closed loop. Any
changes in the distance and misalignment between transmitter and receiver coils in
near-field wireless power transmission can cause a significant change in thereceived power, which can cause either a malfunction or excessive heat dissipation.
RFID circuits are often used in an open loop. However, their back telemetry
capability can be utilized to stabilize the received voltage on the implant. Our
measurements showed that the delivered power to the transponder was maintained
at 11.2 mW over a range of 0.5 to 2 cm, while the transmitter power consumption
changed from 78 mW to 1.1 W. The closed-loop system can also oppose voltage
variations as a result of sudden changes in the load current.
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44. Design and Development of RFID Label for Steel CoilAbstract
Although RF identification (RFID) technology has had a remarkable impact on
various industries in recent years, designing RFID tags for metallic objects withsatisfactory performance is still a challenge. So far, only few success stories have
been reported in the steel industry. This paper presents the design and development
of RFID labels for steel coils. In order to achieve automatic inventory during the
product-delivery process, a novel antenna structure based on the principle of a
monopole antenna has been designed, and the performance has been verified
through measurements. In order to minimize the implementation cost added to the
product line, the RFID tag is embedded into a barcode label with special
perforations. A site test demonstrates that the developed tag has excellent
performance, enabling automatic inventory using fixed readers.
45.An Intelligent Telecardiology System Using a Wearable and
Wireless ECG to Detect Atrial Fibrillation
AbstractThis study presents a novelwireless, ambulatory, realtime, and autoalarm
intelligent telecardiology system to improve healthcare for cardiovascular disease,
which is one of the most prevalent and costly health problems in the world. This
system consists of a lightweight and power-saving wireless ECG device equipped
with a built-in automatic warning expert system. This device is connected to a
mobile and ubiquitous real-time display platform. The acquired ECG signals are
instantaneously transmitted to mobile devices, such as netbooks or mobile phonesthrough Bluetooth, and then, processed by the expert system. An alert signal is sent
to the remote database server, which can be accessed by an Internet browser, once
an abnormal ECG is detected. The current version of the expert system can identify
five types of abnormal cardiac rhythms in real-time, including sinus tachycardia,
sinus bradycardia, wide QRS complex, atrial fibrillation (AF), and cardiac asystole,
which is very important for both the subjects who are being monitored and the
healthcare personnel tracking cardiac-rhythm disorders. The proposed system also
activates an emergency medical alarm system when problems occur. Clinical
testing reveals that the proposed system is approximately 94% accurate, with high
sensitivity, specificity, and positive prediction rates for ten normal subjects and 20AF patients. We believe that in the future a business-card-like ECG device,
accompanied with a mobile phone, can make universal cardiac protection service
possible.
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46. Development of Remote Waste Gas Monitor SystemAbstract
In order to effectively supervise factory chimney waste gas circumstance, a kind
of remote waste gas monitor system is designed, with the ARM as its corecontroller, collects the chimney pollutant indexes consisting of exhaust particulate,
sulfur oxides, carbon oxides as well as nitrogen oxides through different gas
sensors, and takes advantage of Global Positioning System(GPS) to obtain the
chimney position accurately, after that, the information it collects is transmitted to
the center control computer via GSM or the complete public switched telephone
network. Moreover, in order to provide the environment protection departments
convenience in supervising factories making little environmental pollution, the
system also uses Global System for Mobile Communications wireless transmission
way in which it alarms when the collected data exceeds the national standards. All
the real-time data is not only transmitted by the public switched telephone network
or GSM system to the core computer, but also stored into SD memory card through
SPI interface. Practical run shows that the system is well realized the function of
GPS positioning, remote data transmission, exceeding-standard-alarming, and data
storage, and the precision of system is no higher than 2.5 percent.
47.GPS-GSM Integration for Enhancing Public Transportation
Management ServicesAbstract
This paper proposes and implements a solution for enhancing public
transportation management services based on GPS and GSM in Punjab province of
Pakistan. The system consists of four modules: BUS Station Module, In-BUS
Module, BASE Station Module and BUS Stop Module. Equipped with PC and
GSM modem, BUS Station Module sends the initialization information containing
the bus number and license plate number to In-BUS Module and BASE Station
Module using SMS. The microcontroller based In-BUS Module consisting mainly
of a GPS receiver and GSM modem then starts transmitting its location and number
of passengers to BASE Station Module. BASE Station Module equipped with a
microcontroller unit and GSM modems interfaced to PCs is designed to keep track
record of every bus, processes user request about a particular bus location out of
BUS Station and updates buses location on bus stops. BUS Stop Module is
installed at every bus stop and consists of a GSM modem, memory unit and dotmatrix display all interfaced to a microcontroller. This module receives buses
location information coming towards that stop from BASE Station module and
displays the information on a dot matrix display. A per stop statistical analysis is
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carried out based on the number of passengers and a recommendation report along
with this analysis is sent to Punjab Government Transportation Department to have
a check on the performance and services offered by transporters to common people.
The results have shown that the developed system is useful for facilitating people
using public transportation services.
48. Gsm Based Ecg Tele-Alert SystemAbstract:
Cardiac arrest is quoted as the major contributor to sudden and unexpected death
rate in the modern stress filled lifestyle around the globe. A system that warns the
person about the onset of the disease earlier automatically will be a boon to the
society. This is achievable by deploying advances in wireless technology to the
existing patient monitoring system. This paper proposes the development of a
module that provides mobility to the doctor and the patient, by adopting a simple
and popular technique, detecting the abnormalities in the bio signal of the patient in
advance and sending an alert sms to the doctor through Global system for
Mobile(GSM) thereby taking suitable precautionary measures thus reducing the
critical level of the patient.
49. Open Wireless Sensor Network Telemetry Platform for Mobile
Phones
AbstractMobile phones are an underutilized resource for connecting low-power
wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to the internet. WSNs typically expend most of
their battery power on data transmission. Mobile phones carried by the public couldenable a hybrid approach where data makes a low-power short distance hop to
phones in the vicinity using Bluetooth or a similar short range protocol, then uses
the phones long distance connectivity to upload to the Internet. Because a large
fraction of mobile phones have Bluetooth short-distance radio, this paper describes
low-cost hardware for a generic WSN-to-Bluetooth gateway and open-source
software that allows a wide subset of mobile phones to download and save WSN
data.
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52. Real-Time Automization Of Agricultural Environment for Social
Modernization of Indian Agricultural SystemAbstract
The paper Real time atomization of agricultural environment for socialmodernization of Indian agricultural system using ARM7 and GSM is focused on
automizing the the irrigation system for social walfare of Indian agricultural system
and also to provide adequate irrigation in particular area. The set up consists of
ARM7TDMI core, which is a 32- bit microprocessor, GSM serves as an important
part as it is responsible for controlling the irrigation on field and sends
them to the receiver through coded signals. GSM operates through SMSes and is
the link between ARM processor and centralized unit. ARM7TDMI is an advanced
version of microprocessors and forms the heart of the system. Our project aims to
implement the basic application of automizing the irrigation field by programming
the components and building the necessary hardware. This project is used to findthe exact field condition. GSM is used to inform the user about the exact field
condition. The information is given on user request in form of SMS. ng. GSM
modem can be controlled by standard set of AT (Attention) commands. These
commands can be used to control majority of the functions of GSM modem.
52. Research and Development of the Remote I/O Data Acquisition
System Based on Embedded ARM PlatformAbstract
With the rapid development of the field of industrial process control and thefast popularization of embedded ARM processor, it has been a trend that ARM
processor can substitute the single-chip to realize data acquisition and control. A
new kind of remote I/O data acquisition system based on embedded ARM platform
has been researched and developed in this paper, whose hardware platform use 32-
bit embedded ARM microprocessor, and software platform use the uC/OS-II core
of real-time multitask operating system which is open-source and can be grafted,
cut out and solidified. This system can measure all kinds of electrical and thermal
parameters such as voltage, current, thermocouple, RTD, and so on. The measured
data can be displayed on LCD of the system, and at the same time can be
transmitted through RS485 or Ethernet network to remote DAS or DCS monitoringsystem by using Modbus/RTU or Modbus/TCP protocol. The system has the dual
redundant network and long-distance communication function, which can ensure
the disturb rejection capability and reliability of the communication network.
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53. Self-Sustaining Control of Two-Wheel Mobile Manipulator using
Sliding Mode Control
Abstract
Two wheel mobile manipulator has the potential to become multi-skilled robot inthe field of robotics engineering and it is already implemented by using inverted
pendulum control. Centre of gravity position is controlled to achieve the balancing
of robot. Due to the unbalanced nature and the nonholonomic property of the two-
wheel mobile manipulator, balancing is challenging task. On the other hand sliding
mode control is a good candidate to address the nonlinear/under actuated system.
This paper presents the control methods for balancing of two-wheel mobile
manipulator. This paper proposes a novel second order sliding mode controller
using twisting algorithm, disturbance observer and dynamics of double inverted
pendulum. Dynamics of double inverted pendulum is used to design the control
equation of sliding mode controller. Twisting algorithm is used to design the
control input. Disturbance observer is compensated model uncertainties and
external disturbances. Posture of two wheel mobile manipulator can successfully
stabilized by this novel controller
54. ZigBee-based Vehicle Access Control SystemAbstract
Vehicle access control system is an important sub-system of the intelligentized
residence section. Today, in a growing emphasis on personal and property safety,the control of vehicles access authorization and the management of the vehicles
access authority, access time and access method via computer, is safe and
convenient. This paper describes a set of vehicle access control system based on
ZigBee wireless technology. In this system, ZigBee coordinator and its terminal
nodes installed respectively in the entrance of the district and the vehicles, together
form a ZigBee wireless sensor network. This paper mainly introduces the overall
structure, hardware platform and software design of this system. The
implementation and performance tests of this system are fairly good.