The p
urpo
se o
f tes
t:Pr
ovid
e inf
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atio
n to
assu
re th
e qua
lity o
f
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pro
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faul
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antif
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)
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LTA,
WW
W.D
ELTA
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e Me
tteJo
nass
enHa
ss, A
MJ@
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–ba
sed o
n ISE
B So
ftwar
e Tes
ting P
racti
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r Syll
abus
, BS-
7925
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98; IE
EE S
td. 61
0-19
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td. 82
9-19
98; I
STQB
testi
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005 a
nd pr
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tation
s at E
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TAR
confe
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Lee C
opela
nd, S
tewar
d Reid
, Mar
tin P
ool, P
aul G
erra
rd, G
rove
Con
sulta
nts an
d man
y othe
rs
G
raph
ic ad
vise:
EBB-
CONS
ULT,
Den
mark
Scr
een
Bea
ns®
Clip
Art,
USA
Test
appr
oach
esAn
alytic
al (ri
sk)
Mode
l-bas
ed (s
tatist
ical)
Stru
cture
d Co
nsult
ative
(dom
ain ex
perts
)Me
thodic
al (ch
eck-l
ists)
Heur
istic
(exp
lorato
ry)
Stan
dard
comp
liant
Regr
essio
n-av
erse
(reu
se an
d auto
matio
n)
Test
stra
tegy
1. E
ntry &
exit c
riteria
2. T
est a
ppro
ach
3. T
echn
iques
to us
e4.
Com
pletio
n crite
ria5.
Inde
pend
ence
6. S
tanda
rds t
o use
7. E
nviro
nmen
t8.
Tes
t auto
matio
n9.
Deg
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f reu
se10
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st an
d re
gres
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estin
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. Tes
t pro
cess
12. M
easu
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13. In
ciden
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nage
ment
Stan
dard
sQu
ality
assu
ranc
e(yo
u sha
ll tes
t)–I
SO 90
00:20
01
Testi
ng st
anda
rds
(you s
hall t
est li
ke th
is)–B
S-79
25–I
EEE
829
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E 10
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try sp
ecific
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hall t
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ch)
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tion
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trolle
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2
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4
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lH
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ivity
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CMM
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PA 5.
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PA 5.
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FF
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ISO
1550
4 –re
sult
prof
ile
Test process improvement models
General process improvement models
Initi
atin
g
Actin
g (im
pleme
nting
)
Diag
nosin
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sses
smen
t)
Esta
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Proc
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Def
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Trai
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Qua
ntita
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anag
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st
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nRe
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men
tsp
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nSo
urce
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ve C
onsu
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s, U
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1000 10
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sign
Test
Pro
duct
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Requ
irem
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spec
ifica
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Sour
ce: G
rove
Con
sulta
nts,
UK
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pes:
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Trac
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V. T
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Othe
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ted st
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1528
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mat
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repo
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Proc
ess
impr
ovem
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Fault
corre
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From
test
bas
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case
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Tool
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A foo
l with
a too
l is
still a
fool
Test
pro
cess
for a
ll tes
t pha
ses Monitoring and control
Test
plan
ning
Test
spec
ifica
tion
Test
exec
utio
n
Incide
nt re
port
Incid
ent re
port
Reco
gnitio
nsu
ppor
ting d
atacla
ssific
ation
impa
ctInv
estig
ation
supp
ortin
g data
class
ificati
onim
pact
Actio
n supp
ortin
g data
class
ificati
onim
pact
Disp
ositio
nsu
ppor
ting d
atacla
ssific
.im
pact
The g
olde
n ru
le of
test
ing:
Alwa
ys te
st so
that
when
ever
yo
u hav
e to s
top yo
u hav
e do
ne th
e bes
t pos
sible
test.
Coop
erat
ion
mat
rix
Matur
ity le
vels
☺
55 44 33 22 1
12
34
5
Test
Spe
cifica
tion
1. T
est D
esign
1.1
Featu
res t
o be t
ested
1.2
Appr
oach
refin
emen
t1.3
As
socia
ted te
st ca
se1.4
Fe
ature
pass
/fail c
riteria
2. T
est C
ases
2.1 T
est C
ase 1
2.1.1
Test
items
(rati
onale
) 2.1
.2 P
rere
quisi
tes2.1
.3 In
puts
2.1.4
Exp
ected
outco
mes
2.1.5
Inter
case
de
pend
encie
s
2.N
Test
Case
n
Trac
e tab
les
If yo
u do
n’t m
easu
re yo
u’re
left
with
on
ly on
e rea
son
to b
eliev
e you
’re in
co
ntro
l –hy
ster
ical o
ptim
ism.
Tom
De M
arco
Testg
rupp
eTe
stgru
ppe
Test
proc
edur
e /
Test
scrip
t
4321 4321
Base
docu
ment
Test
cond
itions
/ Te
st re
quire
ments
deriv
ecre
ate us
ing
test c
ase d
esign
tech
nique
s
Test
Pro
cedu
re1.
Purp
ose
2. Pr
ereq
uisite
s3.
Proc
edur
e ste
ps
Test
case
des
ign
tech
niqu
esSp
ecific
ation
base
d-e
quiva
lence
clas
s par
tition
ing-b
ound
ary v
alue a
nalys
is-d
ecisi
on ta
bles
-stat
e tra
nsitio
ns-u
se ca
ses
Expe
rienc
e bas
ed-e
rror g
uess
ing-c
heck
lists
-exp
lorato
rySt
ructu
re ba
sed
-stat
emen
ts-d
ecisi
ons
-con
dition
s-m
odels
The w
hite
-box
inse
ct statem
ent
decis
ion
bran
chbr
anch
bran
ch (in
)
bran
ch po
int
(out)
decis
ion ou
tcome
basic
bloc
k-------
-------
-------
-------
-------
-------
-------
-------
-------
-------
-------
-------
(out)
cond
ition
proc
edur
esm
etho
dste
chni
ques
Lear
ning
Act
ions
Dep
loym
ent
Adj
ustm
ent
Tool
s
Key areas
Custo
mer
satis
factio
n
Orga
nize i
nto
÷Te
st ca
ses
Test
cove
rage
% of
the c
over
age i
tems t
ouch
ed by
a tes
t
Cove
rage
items
:-s
tatem
ents,
decis
ions,
cond
itions
-inter
faces
-use
r req
uirem
ents,
use c
ases
-bus
iness
proc
esse
s, bu
sines
s goa
ls
Sca
le
Depl
oym
ent
Main
tena
nce t
estin
gTo
ol su
ppor
t for
mon
itorin
gCo
ntinu
ous a
nalys
is of
usag
e H
yper
links
Disp
osal
Chec
king
for
test
com
plet
ion
Test
re
cord
ing
corre
ction
of
thetes
t obje
ct
Phas
ete
st
repo
rt
Test
logs
Phas
ete
st
repo
rtPh
ase
test
re
port
Phas
ete
st
repo
rtPh
ase
test
re
port Ov
erall
test
repo
rt
Busin
ess
requ
irem
ents
Tool
supp
ort f
or te
st ex
ecut
ion
and
logg
ing
Test
runn
ingTe
st sc
ript g
ener
ation
Test
harn
ess a
nd dr
ivers
C
over
age m
easu
reme
nt Co
mpar
ators
Sim
ulator
S
ecur
ity te
sting
Test
envir
onm
ent
Hard
ware
, soft
ware
, netw
ork,
other
syste
ms, to
ols, d
ata,
room
, per
ipher
als, s
tation
ary,
chair
s, ‘ph
ones
, food
, drin
k, ca
ndy
Tool
supp
ort f
or n
on-fu
nctio
nalt
est P
erfor
manc
e, Lo
ad, S
tress
D
Leve
l 1: I
nitia
l
Leve
l 2: P
hase
Def
initi
on
•In
stitu
tiona
lise
basi
c te
stin
g te
chni
ques
and
met
hods
•In
itiat
e a
test
pla
nnin
g pr
oces
s•
Dev
elop
test
ing
and
debu
ggin
g go
als
Leve
l 2: P
hase
Def
initi
on
•In
stitu
tiona
lise
basi
c te
stin
g te
chni
ques
and
met
hods
•In
itiat
e a
test
pla
nnin
g pr
oces
s•
Dev
elop
test
ing
and
debu
ggin
g go
als
Leve
l 3: I
nteg
ratio
n
•C
ontro
l and
mon
itor t
he te
st p
roce
ss•
Inte
grat
e te
stin
g in
to th
e so
ftwar
e lif
ecyc
le•
Esta
blis
h a
tech
nica
l tra
inin
g pr
ogra
m•
Esta
blis
h a
softw
are
test
org
anis
atio
n
Leve
l 3: I
nteg
ratio
n
•C
ontro
l and
mon
itor t
he te
st p
roce
ss•
Inte
grat
e te
stin
g in
to th
e so
ftwar
e lif
ecyc
le•
Esta
blis
h a
tech
nica
l tra
inin
g pr
ogra
m•
Esta
blis
h a
softw
are
test
org
anis
atio
n
Leve
l 4: M
anag
emen
t and
Mea
sure
men
t
•So
ftwar
e qu
ality
eva
luat
ion
•Es
tabl
ish
a te
st m
easu
rem
ent p
rogr
am•
Esta
blis
h an
org
anis
atio
n-w
ide
revi
ew p
rogr
am
Leve
l 4: M
anag
emen
t and
Mea
sure
men
t
•So
ftwar
e qu
ality
eva
luat
ion
•Es
tabl
ish
a te
st m
easu
rem
ent p
rogr
am•
Esta
blis
h an
org
anis
atio
n-w
ide
revi
ew p
rogr
am
Leve
l 5: O
ptim
izat
ion,
Def
ect P
reve
ntio
n an
d Q
ualit
y C
ontro
l
•Te
st p
roce
ss o
ptim
isat
ion
•Q
ualit
y co
ntro
l•
Appl
icat
ion
of p
roce
ss d
ata
for d
efec
t pre
vent
ion
Leve
l 5: O
ptim
izat
ion,
Def
ect P
reve
ntio
n an
d Q
ualit
y C
ontro
l
•Te
st p
roce
ss o
ptim
isat
ion
•Q
ualit
y co
ntro
l•
Appl
icat
ion
of p
roce
ss d
ata
for d
efec
t pre
vent
ion
Repo
rt
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