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= ⋅
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δ = ° ψ = °
δ ψ
δ ψ δ
ψ
α
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< <
<
ψ < ° ( ) <
ψ < ° ( ) >
( ) ψ < + ° ( ) < <
ψ ψ < + °
ψ < °
<
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δR
β
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= = = ∆Ψ =
δ
( )
( )
( )
+ + =
+ + =
+ + =
δ
δ
δ
δ
δ
δ
= + − +
= + + + +
= + + + +
δ δ δ
δ δ δ
∂ ∂ ∂ ∂ ∂= = = = =
∂ ∂ ∂∂ ∂∂ ∂ ∂ ∂ ∂
= = = = =∂ ∂ ∂ ∂ ∂∂ ∂ ∂
= = =∂ ∂ ∂
=
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )( ) ( ) ( )
δ
δ
δ
δ
δ
δ
− + − + =
− + + − + − + =− + + − + − + =
δ ( ) δ δ =
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
δ
δ
δ
δ
− + + − + − + =
− + + − + − + =
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( ) ( )
( ) ( )
δ δ
δ δ
+ + + = +
+ + + = +
( )( ) ( )( )( ) ( )
( )( ) ( ) ( ) ( )( )( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )( ) ( )
δ δ
δ δ
δ δ
δ δ
δ
− − − − −= − − −
− − + − − − − − −+ =
− − −
− − −=
−
− − −=
− − −
−=
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
δ
δ δ
− − −
− − −=
− − −
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( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
= +
= +
( )
( )
σ σ
σ σ
= +
= +
σ σ
( )
σ σ + + + =
σ σ = − = −
( )
( )
− −
− −
= +
= +
( )
δ δ ϖ = +
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
δ ϖ
δ ϖ
= + − − + = + − − +
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
δ ϖ
δ ϖ
− −
− −
= + − − + + +
= + − − + + +
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= + −
( )
( ) ( )
δ ϖ − −
= + − + +
=
( )
( )
=
=
( )
ϖ
− −
= − −
( )
( )
δ ϖ
δ ϖ
= + − + − −
= + − + −
−
( ) ( ) Ψ = ∫
( )
Ψ = Ψ
( )
δ ϖ − − Ψ = Ψ + + − + − + −
= + = +
= + = +
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( ) ( )
( ) ( )
δ ϖ
δ ϖ
− −
− −
= + − − + + +
= + − − + + +
=
( )
=
( ) ( ) ( )
δ ϖ > = > = > = = =
( )
( )
− −
− −
= +
= +
( )
( )
→ ∞ →
→ ∞ →
( ) ( ) Ψ → ∞ = →∫
( )( )
→ ∞ → ∞→ ∞ → ∞
>
( )( ) ( )( )
( ) ( )
− − − − −>
− − −
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( ) ( ) − − − >
−>
−
−=−
=
>
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( )
( )
( )
δ
δ
δ
=
=
=
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
δ δ δ
δ δ δ
δ
= + + + +
= + + + +
= + +
( ) ( ) ( ) δ δ + +
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= = = =
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
δ δ
δ δ
= + + + +
= + + + +
= +
= +
= + + + + + +
= + + + + + +
= + + += + + +
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ρ =
π = − + −
δρ =
π
= − −
ρ =
π
= − −
ρ =
π
= − + −
ρ =
π = − +
δρ =
π = − − + −
ρ =
π = − +
ρ =
π = − + −
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α
( )
( )
ρ α
ρ α
=
=
β β
β β
= −= +
=
δ β
α δ β = +
( ) ≡
β
= = +−
= + =
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β
= +−
=
ϕ
ϕ
= +
= +
ϕ ϕ
( ) ( )
γ γ
= − = −
= =
β β
= =
= + = +
= + = +
− −= =
( ) δ ( ) ( ) γ
δ ( ) γ
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( )
ϕ ε
ϕ ε ϕ
= − −
=
ε ε
π π ρ
= =
ρ =
=
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= =
= = β
( ) β β ≈ ( ) β ≈
β ≈
( )α α α
∂=
∂
β β
β β
= −
= +=
=
=
ρ α α ∂= ∂
α δ β = + δ β
( )
ρ δ β
α
∂= +
∂
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ρ
α
∂∂
δ
( )
( )
δ ρ δ α
δ
∂ += − ∂ =
δ δ
ρ ρ α α
ρ ρ α α
ρ ρ α α
∂ ∂ ∂ ∂= = − = = −
∂ ∂ ∂ ∂∂ ∂ ∂ ∂
= = − = = −∂ ∂ ∂ ∂
∂ ∂ ∂ ∂= = = =
∂ ∂ ∂ ∂
δ δ δ δ
α α ρ ρ
α α ρ ρ
α α
ρ ρ
∂ ∂= = − = = −
∂ ∂
∂ ∂= = − = = −
∂ ∂
∂ ∂= = = = ∂ ∂
=
=
( ) ( )ϕ = − + −
α ∂ ∂
π
α
λ
∂=
∂ +
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λ
λ = =
