الربجميات يف السودانورشة صناعةمناهج التعليم وصناعة

الربجميات يف السودان

أسامة عبدالوهاب ريس

التي والقواعد األسس تطویر إلى یھدف الذي النشاط البرمجیات تطویر و تصمیم طرق تحسین إلى تؤدي احتیاجات تلبي بطریقة وذلك المستویات جمیع على

ویصنع التطویر عملیة بتحسین المستخدمین یجمعھا التي المواصفات من ابتدائا البرنامج

أو البرنامج صیانة مشكلة عند وانتھائًا المحترف المستخدم احتیاجات دراسة على تقوم وھي توسیعھ

بعین األخذ و برمجتھ ثم المناسب البرنامج تصمیم و تطویر على كالقدرة الجوانب من العدید االعتبار إضافة إمكانیة أو السرعة أو الحقا بسھولة البرنامجدینامیكي بشكل لھ ملحقات

و البرامج بناء و بتطویر یھتم الھندسة من نوع ھي مراحل عدة على ھندسیة بطرق تحسینھا و النظم

:ھي محددةالبرنامج مواصفات و متطلبات تحلیل◦البرنامج تصمیم◦البرنامج برمجة◦البرنامج اختبار◦البرنامج صیانة◦

System: Integrated set of interrelated components that interact in an organized fashion toward a common objective

Systems Thinking: Taking a “big picture” or holistic view of large-scale and complex problems and their proposed solutions

Systems can be classified by their purpose:

Product-oriented Service-oriented Process-oriented

System

Hardware Software Personnel Facilities

Data Materials Services Techniques

Stakeholder: Individuals, groups, or organizations having: ◦ A vested interest in the system being developed◦ Resources (money, people, political clout, etc.) to influence the

outcome or end result of the system Stakeholder influence can be real or perceived Stakeholder needs can be categorized as current and future

“must haves”, “nice to haves”, and “pie in the sky” Some Examples:

Stakeholders are the primary and most important source of requirements.

Customers OthersUsersDevelopers

Defining customer needs and required functionality early in the development cycle

Developing and managing requirements and interfaces Synthesizing designs and validating system Considering the complete problem to be solved, including:◦ Acquisition Approach and Management ◦ External environment/influences ◦ Stakeholders ◦ Requirements◦ Performance◦ Cost and Schedule

Considering both the business and the technical needs of all customers with the goal of providing a quality product that meets the user needs

– Technology– Manufacturing – Test– Training and Support – Operations and Maintenance– Disposal

SE is an overarching discipline, to achieve the best overall product and/or service that meets requirements and does so within budget and schedule constraints.

Systems Engineering Processes: Logical, systematic, comprehensive, iterative problem solving activities tailored and used to accomplish systems engineering tasks and generate work products

Risk Management

Scheduling

Decision Analysis

System Architecture

Quality

Configuration Management

Information Management

Cost Estimation

Requirements Development & Management

Integrated System Security

Measurement & Analysis

Integration, Verification, Validation, & Transition

Systems Engineer: Defines, develops, and deploys solutions using systems engineering processes

Role of the Systems Engineer:◦ Is involved in developing the system from day one on◦ The level of systems engineering effort applied depends on our role

with the customer and contract If the developing contractor, we employ systems engineering techniques If in a role supporting a customer organization (SETA),

we provide SE oversight and SE management◦ In either role we drive decision making

through quantitative and qualitative formulation, analysis, and interpretation of the impacts of alternatives

Systems engineering is not just a role for a specialist group of people, but a part of the work of every individual working in the system development.

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requirements

specificificationdesign

coding

testing & debugging

integration

maintainance

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PlanningRisk analysis

Customer evaluation Engineering

toward acompleted

system

planning based oncustomer comments

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Prototype

Design

CustomerEvaluation

Refine

Engineer

Requirements

start

stop

تطویر أنظمة المعلومات

ھندسة األعمال

ھندسة أنظمة الحاسوب و النظم المدمجة

النمذجة المنھجیة برنامج تقانة المعلومات والحاسوب

تطویر أنظمة الویب

. . .إدارة المشروعات

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ھندسة النظم المدمجة

• أنظمة الطاقةأنظمة اإلستشعار•• أنظمة التحكم• األنظمة المساعدةاإلتصاالت•• المعالجةالتطبیقات•

الطرائق الھیكلیة

الطرائق الرسمیة

الطرائق كائنیة المنحي

برنامج تقانة المعلومات والحاسوب

تكنولوجیا المكونات

. . .

Workshop on Information Technology - Khartoum 2009

Traditional(Structured)

ObjectOriented

Components

Services

Aspects

Model Transformations

Frameworks

Design Patterns

1970 1990 2000 2010

Based vs. Oriented

Compositional