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Objectives
Phase 1: 1cm^3 NCCJune 6, 2005 – November 26, 2007Detailed Cellular scale (10,000 neurons)
Full NeocortexModularAtomic (days/ms), Genetic (another 5-10
years)Cellular – 100,000 Point Source -100 million (mouse brain)
Full Mammal Brain 2 years Emergent behavior
Learning/ self-wiring
Interact with environmentJapanese built robot ratWhole new models to connect sensory cortex
to hardware
Full Human Brain Need speed increase of ~10million fold Algorithm improvements 100-1,000 fold ASICS 1,000-10,000 fold Multi-core & Multi-threading are really
useful
On Going Data Collection
Decades of research on 2 year old rat somatosensory cortex
Hundreds of new data points a day
50% success rate Fig A. Patch Clamp Robot
Blue Column 2
A single thick tufted layer 5 pyramidal neuron located within the column.
c | One pyramidal neuron in layer 2, a small pyramidal neuron in layer 5 and the large thick tufted pyramidal neuron in layer 5.
d | An image of the NCC, with neurons located in layers 2 to 5.
Blue Column Construction
Model the 3d neuron Repair defects from in vitro preparation
Patch clamping damages the cell Insert 12+ ion channels in each
component compartment based on HH models & studiesOctober 2005 Petilla Classification
Convention
Each neuron is unique within statistically determined bounds – procedurally generated
Stored in database after creation Each layer procedurally generated from
database then shifted/rotated to avoid collisions Generating the column takes longer than running it Simulation runs at 1/100th real time
Individual synapses functionalized and plasticized with learning algorithms
Map Neuron to Processor 1:1 – 10:1 Axons mapped onto inter-processor communications
Expected Consequences
Each NCC will be uniqueHopefully, NCC output will approach
convergenceNCCs will begin to appear similar (lack of
molecular detail to tie in genetic elements) Connected Neurons fire together
Predicted by Hebbian learningEmergent behavior
Future Work
Experimental Aid How complex of a problem can an NCC
solve Emergence of Conciousness
Director Markram