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Wilbert Kraan IMS Content Packaging, QTI, LTI and EDUPUB

2014.07.28 電子教科書のドリルをどうする!?

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IMS Content PackagingとQTIの利用 Seminar on “IMS Content Packaging & Use of QTI” Wilbert Kraan 氏 日本電子出版協会

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Page 1: 2014.07.28 電子教科書のドリルをどうする!?

Wilbert Kraan

IMS Content

Packaging, QTI,

LTI and EDUPUB

Page 2: 2014.07.28 電子教科書のドリルをどうする!?

Introduction

This presentation aims to outline the history, design and use of IMS

Content Packaging, Learning Tools Interoperability and IMS

Question and Test Interoperability.

Page 3: 2014.07.28 電子教科書のドリルをどうする!?

Overview

• About CETIS and myself

• IMS Content Packaging

• IMS Question and Test Interoperability assessment

• IMS Learning Tools Interoperability

• EDUPUB and IMS specifications

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About CETIS and myself

• About CETIS:

– Started in 1999 as the “UK IMS centre” funded

by JISC (compare: AXIES?)

– Became the “Centre for Educational Technology

and Interoperability Standards” at the University

of Wales, Bangor

– 2006: JISC – CETIS innovation support centre

– Now: CETIS at the University of Bolton

• About me:

– Co-chaired IMS Content Packaging 1.1.4 and

1.2

– Co-chaired IMS QTI 2.1

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About IMS Content Packaging

• The original aims and basic design

• History

• An example

• Difference with EPUB

• Variants and profiles:

– SCORM 1.2

– SCORM 2004

– IMS Common Cartridge

• Convergence with other specs: RAMLET

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IMS CP: aims and basic design

• Aim: interoperability

between systems that

import, export, aggregate,

and disaggregate

packages of content

• Typical systems:

Learning Management

Systems (LMSs),

repositories and

authoring tools

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IMS Content Packaging: history

1999: IMS CP 1.0 base document

2001: IMS CP 1.1.2 final released; widely adopted

2004: IMS CP 1.1.4 final released; used in SCORM

2007: IMS CP 1.2 public draft 2 released

2009: ISO 12785 international standard released: same as IMS CP 1.2 pd 2

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IMS CP: Demonstration

• Reload packaging tool: http://www.reload.ac.uk/

• Moodle LMS: https://moodle.org/

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IMS CP: difference with EPUB

• Supports more than one table of contents/organization

• Allows any type of content to be aggregated

– e.g. Flash, Word docs, PDF, IMS QTI, etc.

• Widely implemented in Learning Management Systems (often

as SCORM or Common Cartridge)

• Has been integrated with many learning technologies:

– Learner activity tracking (CMI)

– Eportfolios

– Learning Design

– QTI

• No current plans for further development

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IMS CP: variants and profiles

• SCORM 1.2 (2001)

– Adds an IEEE Learning Object Metadata profile

– Adds IEEE Computer Mediated Instruction

(CMI) javascript LMS to content communication

API

– Adds Sharable Content Object (SCO) concept

– Removes a lot of optionality

• SCORM 2004

– Adds adaptation of content to learner via IMS

Simple Sequencing

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IMS CP: variants and profiles

• IMS Common Cartridge (1.0 2009 – 1.3 2013)

– Adds Learning Tools Interoperability (LTI)

descriptors

– Adds forum discussions

– Adds web links

– Adds a QTI 1.2 profile

– Adds content types for Interoperable

WhiteBoard (IWB), EPUB, APIP/QTI

– Defines package structure

– Removes optionality

Page 12: 2014.07.28 電子教科書のドリルをどうする!?

IMS CP: convergence with other

specifications- IEEE RAMLET

• Resource Aggregation Model for Learning, Education

and Training

• Abstracts over several formats:

– METS

– IETF Atom

– MPEG 21 DID

– IMS CP

– OAI ORE

• Maybe EPUB?

ResourceAggregationFormat 1

ResourceAggregationFormat 2

ResourceAggregationFormat 3

RAMLET

Conceptual

Model

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About IMS Question and Test

Interoperability

• History and purpose

• QTI 2.1 parts and their functions

• Tools demonstration

• Accessible Portable Item Protocol

• Current implementations

• Future developments

• A possible future for QTI

• Integrating QTI 2.1 into HTML5

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QTI's purpose

• Make assessment items, tests and results interoperate

between all relevant systems

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QTI history and characteristics

• Developed since 2001

• QTI 1.x

– No relation to HTML at all

– Typically implemented in Flash, Java or HTML

• QTI 2.x

– Uses a modular W3C profile of XHTML in its own XML item document format

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QTI 2.1: parts

• Items

– XML format for question semantics and

response processing- independent of styling

• Tests

– XML format for test definition, results processing

and test navigation

• Packaging and metadata

– Binding of QTI items and tests to IMS CP and

metadata

• Results

– XML format for assessment results, usage

statistics and psychometrics

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QTI 2.1: Tools demonstration

• A Jisc sponsored editor: Uniqurate

– http://uniqurate.kingston.ac.uk/Uniqurate/menua

ction

– Open source

• The QTI 2.1 reference implementation: QTIWorks

– https://www2.ph.ed.ac.uk/qtiworks/

– Open source; the JQTI engine is used in many

other QTI implementations

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QTI 2.1: Accessible Portable Item

Protocol

• IMS Accessible Portable Item Protocol (APIP) adds

optional accessibility content to QTI items that are

triggered by learner profiles

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QTI 2.1: current implementations

• Netherlands:

– Whole school system moves to QTI for assessment

• Germany:

– Several university consortia use Onyx QTI system

• France:

– MOCAH QTI system used in schools

• South Korea

– Large scale school experiments with QTI tools,

including integration in EPUB schoolbooks

• USA

– $300 million Race To The Top initiative to overhaul

online assessment infrastructure around APIP/QTI

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QTI 2.1: development plans

• Portable Custom Interaction

– Javascript API to integrate any interaction into a

QTI item

– Agreed

• QTI 2.2

– Adds more HTML5 features, including BIDI and

Ruby

– Agreed

• aQTI

– Integrates W3C specs: WCAG, ARIA and

HTML5

– Takes QTI to the presentation phase

– A proposal, many details to be determined

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A possible future for QTI?

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Integrating QTI 2.1 into HTML5

• Mike Aumock's proposal

• Steve Laye's proposal

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About IMS Learning Tools

Interoperability (LTI)

• Basic function

• Access control and anonymity

• Security

• Current developments

– LTI 1.3

– LTI 2.0

– Content Item Message service

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IMS LTI: basic function

• Hands over user session from a Tool Consumer (TP,

typically an LMS) to a Tool Provider (TC, typically a

specialised web tool or premium content from a

publisher)

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IMS LTI: access control and

anonymity

• Required attributes in a

Basic LTI launch POST

from tool consumer to

provider:

– Message type

– LTI version

– Unique resource

link

• Recommended but optional

attributes:

– Link title

– Link description

– User image

– User role

– User name/email

– Context ID

– Context type

– Target (iFrame)

– Launch styling

– Return URL

– Tool consumer info

– Institutional info

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IMS LTI: security

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IMS LTI: current developments

• LTI 1.2

– Adds tool profile: lists services supported

– Optional outcomes service: send marks back

from tool provider to consumer

• Content Item message service

– Allows user to pick content from a publisher's

tool provider and integrate it into the tool

consumer

• LTI 2.0

– Allows deeper integration

– Allows services to be defined and advertised by

users

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EDUPUB and IMS Specifications

• Two ways of integrating IMS specifications in EDUPUB:

– My 2013 EPUB experiment

– Works in standard e-readers

– Adapts to e-reader: “progressive enhancement”

– Uses QTI HTML for internal rendering

– No IMS Caliper capability

– IMS' official 2014 EDUPUB implementation

– Works in a special version of Readium only

– Uses QTI JSON & Angular.js for internal

rendering

– Includes IMS Caliper Sensors

Page 29: 2014.07.28 電子教科書のドリルをどうする!?

My experiment: Balancing

effectiveness with robustness

Most interactive Most devices

Static QTI HTML inside

EPUB3

• OK experience

• Long lived

• Works anywhere

But:

• No feedback

• No analytics

• No results

(unless the user clicks a

link)

QTI HTML + javascript

inside EPUB3

• Good experience

• Reasonably long lived

• No server infrastructure

But:

• No results or analytics

• May need some work

with e-reader vendors

EPUB3 to online quiz

tool via IMS LTI

• Best experience

• Secure

• Quiz results return to

college, analytics

possible

But:

• Potential longevity

issues

• May need work with e-

reader vendors

• Needs an analytics ID

transfer solution

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My experiment

• Demonstration

• Code available at:

https://github.com/wilmTap/qtiEpub

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IMS EDUPUB: LTI enabled QTI

approach

© 2014 IMS Global Learning Consortium, Inc. All Rights Reserved

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IMS EDUPUB: EPUB3-Embedded

QTI Approach

© 2014 IMS Global Learning Consortium, Inc. All Rights Reserved

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Conclusions

• IMS Content Packaging

– Legacy format, but widely used

• IMS Question and Test Interoperability

– Interoperability format now, may have/become a

HTML5 presentation format later

– Only open standard for assessment material

• IMS Learning Tool Interoperability

– Probably the most widely used learning

technology interoperability specification

• EDUPUB with IMS specifications

– Lots of potential, some work to be done

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Questions?

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Licence

This presentation “IMS Content Packaging, QTI, LTI and EDUPUB”

by Wilbert Kraan, [email protected]

of Cetis http://www.cetis.ac.uk is licensed under the

Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/