Active & Passive Voice

Active Voice = รปกรยาซงประธานเปนผกระทำาโดยตรง A mango is eaten by Mary.

Passive Voice = รปกรยาซงประธานเปนผ กระทำากรยานนโดยสงอน

Mary eats a mango.

Active & Passive Voice

Transitive verbs To love To catch To buy To give

Intransitive verbs To run To walk To fly To swim

Verbs

Active voice: Subject + verb +

object

Passive voice: Subject + verb to be+ v.3 + by + object

Form

Is Am Are Was Were Be Been Bein

g

Verb to BE

Verb form Active

voicePassive voice

Infinitive To write To be writtenPerfect infinitive

To have written

To have been written

Present participle

Writing being written

Part participle

Written Been written

Verb forms

Active voice Passive voice

Present simple tense

- The teacher punishes the boy.

- Do you always laugh at him?

S + Is/am/are + v.3

- The boy is punished by the teacher.

- Is he always laughed at by you?

Active & Passive voice in Tenses

Active voice Passive voice Present continuous tense

- The painters are painting our house.

- Are the students doing the exercises?

S + Is/am/are + being + v.3

- Our house is being painted by the painters.

- Are the exercises being done by the students?

Active & Passive voice in Tenses

Active voice Passive voice Present perfect tense

- They have built a new hotel.

- Has the boy caught a bird?

S + has/have + been + v.3

- A new hotel has been built by them.

- Has a bird been caught by the bot?

Active & Passive voice in Tenses

Active voice Passive voice Past simple tense

- My sister wrote a letter.

- Did the servant

polish Tom’s shoes?

S + was/were + v.3

- A letter was written by my sister.

- Were Tom’s shoed polished by the servant?

Active & Passive voice in Tenses

Active voice Passive voice Past continuous tense

- While James was introducing me, the telephone rang.

- Were they digging the hole when you past yesterday?

S + was/were + being + v.3

- While I was being introduced, the telephone rang.

- Was this hole being dug by them when you went past yesterday?

Active & Passive voice in Tenses

Active voice Passive voice Past perfect tense

- The guest had eaten all the food.

- Had he seen you before?

S + had + been + v.3

- All the food had been eaten by the guests.

- Had you been seen by him before?

Active & Passive voice in Tenses

Active voice Passive voice

Future simple

- His mother will beat him if he does that again.

- Will Mary invite Jack to her party?

S + will + be + v.3

- He will be beaten by his mother if he does that again.

- Will Jack be invited by Mary to her party?

Active & Passive voice in Tenses

Active voice Passive voice Future perfect

- By next March the pupils will have taken the examination.

- Will she have announced the results by the end of next month?

S + will + have + been + v.3

- By next March the examination will have been taken by the pupils.

- Will the results have been announced by her by the end of next month?

Active & Passive voice in Tenses

By people

Italian is spoken in Italy.

Mount Everest has been climbed many times.

Passive voice doesn’t need ‘by’

Personal Pronouns

A new road will be built through here soon.

The dinner is being cooked now.

Passive voice doesn’t need ‘by’

Everyone, everybody, no one, someone……..

The law must be obeyed. English is learned in the school. Money has been stolen. Tom is never obeyed.

(No one ever obeys Tom. )

Passive voice doesn’t need ‘by’

This book was written by J.K Rowling.

Joe was hit on the head by the falling rock.

She wasn’t bitten by a snack, she was stung by a bee.

Passive voice needs ‘by’

May, might, will, must … + be + v.3

The window ought to be opened.

German can be spoken by my teacher.

The teacher should be obeyed.

Auxiliary verbs

The Headmaster gave me a prize.

I was give a prize by the Headmaster.

A prize was given to me by the Headmaster.

Double objects

They showed us the place where the

Royal Family lived.

We were shown to the place where the Royal Family lived.

The place where the Royal Family lived was shown to us.

Double objects

What will you give me?

What will I be given by you?

Where did you see the snack? Where was the snack seen?

When will you finish the essay? When will the essay be finished?

Question words

Why did he punish his children?

Why were his children punished?

Who wrote Oliver Twist? By whom was Oliver Twist written?

Which dress did you buy? Which dress was bought by you?

Question words

Let + object+ be + v.3

Open your book. Let your book be opened.

Do it Let it be done.

Don’t kill the tiger. Let the tiger not be killed.

Imperative sentence