Conflict Management and Peace Building

Presenter: Lamin K. Sonko 松明愷

What is a Conflict?

Definition• Two people disagree about something• Natural part of life• Problem is inevitable• Can be positive and healthy• Can be negative in terms of disagreement, hurt

feelings and fracture relationships

The Conflict web

• Stagnation in groups• Problems aired & resolved• New learning & awareness• Personal & social change

Causes of Conflict

• Conflict over resources• Conflicts over psychological needs• Conflicts involving valuesEscalation Lack of necessary peacemaking skills De-escalation Use of conflict resolution skills

Conflict Handling Modes• Competing• Accommodating• Avoiding• Collaborating• Compromising

Methods of Handling Conflict

• Avoidance • Defusion• Power• Negotiation

Method of Dispute Resolution

• Negotiation Two or more parties confer with the goal of resoling differences between them, without assistance from another party.

• Mediation A neutral third party assists conflicted parties to confer with the goal of resolving differences between them, in a manner that leaves the outcome in the hands of the parties.

• Arbitration A third party listens to conflicted parties and makes a decision regarding issues of dispute between them. The parties have more control over the process than in adjudication, but fewer options with regard to appeal of outcome.

Mapping Conflicts

Characteristics of Effective Negotiators1. Effective negotiators are well prepared2. Effective negotiators avoid ultimatums, strong opinions and defensiveness3. Effective negotiators are creative problem solvers4. Effective negotiators make trade-offs rather than concessions.5. Effective negotiators give validity to the views of others.6. Effective negotiators give attention to areas of common ground.7. Effective negotiators take more time before offering counter proposals.8. Effective negotiators are clear communicators.9. Effective negotiators give reasons when they disagree. 10. Effective negotiators summarize and test for understanding11. Effective negotiators ask more questions than average negotiators12. Effective negotiators give information about their internal thoughts and

feelings13. Effective negotiators use appropriate dress, language and customs

depending on the situation.

Condition for Mediation

Interest Based Problem Solving

• Use Conflict as a Natural Resource• Respect people; Attack problem• Interest based solving problemRaise the issue clearly & with respectExplore issues to discover underlying interestsInvent Options for Mutual GainsDevelop Agreements Based on Objective

Standards

Role Play Scenario

• Think of a problem and use one of the dispute method skills to solved:• Negotiation, Mediation or

Arbitration• Define the cause of the conflict

謝謝 Thank you