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Map: Rivers (Tamesis, Rhenus, Danuvius, Tiberis, Nilus). Grammar: verbum temporále, verbum transitívum, verbum instransitívum, agens, objectum directum, objectum indirectum. Review of Earlier Stuff.
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Voiced Consonant
Voiced ConsonantConsonant that includesvocal chord vibration.
Voiced ConsonantConsonant that includesvocal chord vibration.
Such as [b], [v], [g], [d], [ð], [γ], [z], [ž], and so forth.
Unvoiced Consonant
Unvoiced ConsonantConsonant that does not
vocal chord vibration.
Unvoiced Consonant
Such as [p], [f], [k], [t], [þ], [x], [s], [š], and so forth.
Consonant that does notvocal chord vibration.
Number
NumberSingular or Plural.
(Some languages also have other categories.)
NumberSingular or Plural.
(Some languages also have other categories.)
dog / dogsman / menshe / they
Person
Person1: the speaker(s),
2: the addressee(s), or3: other(s)
Person1: the speaker(s),
2: the addressee(s), or3: other(s)
1: me/us2: you/y’all
3: him/her/it/them
Preposition
PrepositionA word attached to a noun or pronoun
to show its relationto other noun(s) or pronoun(s).
Preposition
to, for, with, against, around, from, between,beneath, among, through, atop, before,
athwart
A word attached to a noun or pronounto show its relation
to other noun(s) or pronoun(s).
Personal Pronoun
Personal Pronoun
— —
Personal Pronoun
1: I, me; we, us2: thou, thee; you
3: he, him, she, her, it; they, them
— —
RelativePronoun
RelativePronoun
A pronoun that “picks up”a noun already mentioned.
RelativePronoun
The man who sold the world.She’s the woman that I love.
A pronoun that “picks up”a noun already mentioned.
Interrogative Pronoun
Interrogative Pronoun
A question-pronoun.
Interrogative Pronoun
Tell me, who do you love?What are those shapes?
A question-pronoun.
Adjective
Adjective
A word for modifying a noun.
Adjective
red, beautiful, difficult, independent, short
A word for modifying a noun.
Transitive Verb
Transitive Verb
A verb that passes actionto another object.
Transitive Verb
fix, slice, hit, love, admire, give
A verb that passes actionto another object.
Intransitive Verb
Intransitive Verb
A verb that does notpass action to another object.
Intransitive Verb
A verb that does notpass action to another object.
sit, lie, sleep, stroll, wonder
Agent
AgentThe doer (of a verb).
AgentThe doer (of a verb).
I love my wife.My wife is loved by me.
Direct Object
Direct ObjectObject directly receiving
the action of a verb.
Direct ObjectObject directly receiving
the action of a verb.
I love her.I give the roses away.
Indirect Object
Indirect Object
Object affected by the verb indirectly.
Indirect Object
Object affected by the verb indirectly.
I give her the roses.She tells me a secret.
Simianversus
Dinosaur
Which is the agent?
Which the direct object?
Simianversus
Dinosaur
CassiusClay
gives
Joe Frazier
a knuckle- sandwich
.
Agent? ∙ Verb? ∙ Direct Object? ∙ Indirect Object?