Relative Pronouns & Compounds

Theory and exercises to practise

ESO 4

WHAT ARE WE LEARNING TODAY?• The relative pronouns in English

• What relative pronouns are and which ones we will use

• Examples of use

• Exercises to practice

• Compounds in English

• What compounds are

• Examples

• Exercises to practice

• Review

RELATIVE PRONOUNS

Can you give me a definition of relative pronouns? What do they refer to? Do you know any English relative pronouns? Can we omit them sometimes or do we always have to used them?

RELATIVE PRONOUNS Can you give me a definition of relative pronouns?

Relative pronouns are the pronouns used in English to introduce another clause, called subordinate clause

Can you give me a definition of relative pronouns?

Relative pronouns are the pronouns used in English to introduce another clause, called subordinate clause

What do they refer to?

Relative pronouns goes after a noun, named antecedent. They provide information about it.

RELATIVE PRONOUNS

RELATIVE PRONOUNS Can you give me a definition of relative pronouns?

Relative pronouns are the pronouns used in English to introduce another clause, called subordinate clause

What do they refer to?

Relative pronouns goes after a noun, named antecedent. They provide information about it.

English relative pronouns: who, which, that and where

RELATIVE PRONOUNS Can you give me a definition of relative pronouns?

Relative pronouns are the pronouns used in English to introduce another clause, called subordinate clause

What do they refer to?

Relative pronouns goes after a noun, named antecedent. They provide information about it.

English relative pronouns: who (person), which (animals or things), that and where (places)

RELATIVE PRONOUNS Can you give me a definition of relative pronouns?

Relative pronouns are the pronouns used in English to introduce another clause, called subordinate clause

What do they refer to?

Relative pronouns goes after a noun, named antecedent. They provide information about it.

English relative pronouns: who (person), which (animals or things), that and where (places)

Role of relative pronouns:

They can be the subject of the subordinate clause i.e. I hate problems that/which I cannot solve

They can be a complement of the main clause i.e. My mother is the person (that/who) I love the most

RELATIVE PRONOUNS Can you give me a definition of relative pronouns?

Relative pronouns are the pronouns used in English to introduce another clause, called subordinate clause

What do they refer to?

Relative pronouns goes after a noun, named antecedent. They provide information about it.

English relative pronouns: who (person), which (animals or things), that and where (places)

Role of relative pronouns:

They can be the subject of the subordinate clause i.e. I hate problems that/which have several answers

They can be a complement of the main clause i.e. My mother is the person (that/who) I love the most

When they function as a complement, the relative pronouns can be omitted

WHO/ THAT PERSON“I don’t like people who/ that underestimate me”

“That is the boy who/ that I had an argument with yesterday”

WHICH/ THAT ANIMALS & THINGS

“Bears are the animals which/ that hibernate in caves”

“This is the ring which/ that my great-grandmother wore in her wedding”

WHERE PLACES “I went to the restaurant where my parents had dinner for the first time”

EXAMPLES OF USE

WHO/ THAT PERSON“I don’t like people who/ that underestimate me”

“That is the boy (who/ that) I had an argument with yesterday”

WHICH/ THAT ANIMALS & THINGS

“Bears are the animals which/ that hibernate in caves”

“This is the ring (which/ that) my great-grandmother wore in her wedding”

WHERE PLACES “I went to the restaurant where my parents had dinner for the first time”

EXAMPLES OF USE

EXERCISES

1. I bought a new pair of boots. I will wear them tomorrow for the match.

2. Mary is a friend of mine. She speaks excellent French.

3. I love going to the zoo. In the zoo I can see killer whale.

4. She bought her brother a video game for his birthday. He loves it.

5. My parents gave me some money for the weekend. I lost all the money yesterday.

6. My boyfriend wrote me a letter. It arrived this morning.

7. I work in an office for Helen. I hate her more than anyone.

8. Fleming was a biologist. He discovered the penicillin

Look at the following sentences and rephrase them using who, which or where:

i.e. I went to New York last summer. It is the city where my parents met.

Last summer, I went to the city where my parents met

1. I bought a new pair of boots. I will wear them tomorrow for the match.

a. I bought a new pair of boots which I will wear tomorrow for the match

2. Mary is a friend of mine. She speaks excellent French.

a. Mary is a friend of mine who speaks excellent French

3. I love going to the zoo. In the zoo I can see killer whales.

a. I love going to the zoo where I can see killer whales

4. She bought her brother a video game for his birthday. He loves it.

a. She bought her brother a videogame which he loves

EXERCISES5. My parents gave me some money for the weekend. I lost all the money yesterday.

a. I lost all the money which my parents gave me for the weekend

b. My parents gave me some money for the weekend which I lost yesterday

6. My boyfriend wrote me a letter. It arrived this morning.

My boyfriend wrote me a letter which arrived this morning

7. I work in an office for Helen. I hate her more than anyone.

Helen is the person who I hate the most

8. Fleming was a biologist. He discovered the penicillin.

Fleming was the biologist who discovered the penicillin

1. I bought a new pair of boots. I will wear them tomorrow for the match.

a. I bought a new pair of boots which I will wear tomorrow for the match

2. Mary is a friend of mine. She speaks excellent French.

a. Mary is a friend of mine who speaks excellent French

3. I love going to the zoo. In the zoo I can see killer whales.

a. I love going to the zoo where I can see killer whales

4. She bought her brother a video game for his birthday. He loves it.

a. She bought her brother a videogame which he loves

EXERCISES5. My parents gave me some money for the weekend. I lost all the money yesterday.

a. I lost all the money which my parents gave me for the weekend

b. My parents gave me some money for the weekend which I lost yesterday

6. My boyfriend wrote me a letter. It arrived this morning.

My boyfriend wrote me a letter which arrived this morning

7. I work in an office for Helen. I hate her more than anyone.

Helen is the person who I hate the most

8. Fleming was a biologist. He discovered the penicillin.

Fleming was the biologist who discovered the penicillin

COMPOUNDS What is a compound word? Can you tell me any compound in

English?

COMPOUNDS What is a compound word? Can you tell me any compound in

English? Compound words are words formed by the combination of two or more words that

together produce a new word with a new meaning i.e. soap opera, earphones, blackboard, etc.

COMPOUNDS SOME / ANY What is a compound word? Can you tell me any compound in English?

Compound words are words formed by the combination of two or more words that together produce a new word with a new meaning i.e. soap opera, earphones, blackboard, etc.

Think of these two words, some & any, and try to find compounds for them to complete the following mind map:

SOME ANY

COMPOUNDS SOME / ANY

SOME SOMEONESOMEWHERE

SOMETHING

ANY

ANYONEANYWHERE

ANYTHING

COMPOUNDS SOME / ANY

SOME SOMEONESOMEWHERE

SOMETHING

ANY

ANYONEANYWHERE

ANYTHING

ANIMALS & THINGS

PLACES

PEOPLE

COMPOUNDS SOME / ANY

SOME

ANY

SOMEONE SOMEWHERE

SOMETHING

ANYONEANYWHERE

ANYTHINGAFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES

INTERROGATIVE &NEGATIVE SENTENCES

EXERCISES COMPOUNDS SOME / ANYTry to match the sentences on the left column with the pictures on the right column:

1. Something you play with

2. Something that protects your mouth

3. Somewhere extremely hot

4. Someone who write articles for newspapers

5. Somewhere bats live

6. Something you can wear on

7. Someone who fights fires

8. Someone who defends people in court

B)

F)

H)

G)

A)

D) C)

E)

EXERCISES COMPOUNDS SOME / ANYTry to match the sentences on the left column with the pictures on the right column:

1. Something you play with F) Baseball Bat

2. Something that protects your mouth E) Mask

3. Somewhere extremely hot B) The Sun

4. Someone who write articles for newspapers D) Journalist

5. Somewhere bats live G) Cave

6. Something you can wear on A) Sunglasses

7. Someone who fights fires H) Firefighter

8. Someone who defends people in court C) Lawyer

EXERCISES COMPOUNDS SOME / ANYChoose the correct compound:I got home yesterday and I noticed something / anything was wrong. The door was open but I couldn’t see nothing / anything because it was very dark. I didn’t know if I should call somewhere / someone or if I should go inside. I decided to call the police. I tried to find my cell phone but it wasn’t anything / anywhere in my bag; then I remembered it was in the car. When I opened the car’s door, someone / somewhere turned the lights on in the living room.

When I got my cell phone to call the police, it rang: I answered and it was my husband. I said: “I think something / someone is robbing our home!”. And he told me: “That’s impossible. There isn’t anyone / anywhere robbing our home!” and I asked: “How do you know that?” He answered: “Because I’m here in the living room calling you. There isn’t anything / something wrong here. By the way, why are you so late?” Well, I didn’t answer that question but he had to explain why he had left the door open.

EXERCISES COMPOUNDS SOME / ANYChoose the correct compound:I got home yesterday and I noticed something / anything was wrong. The door was open but I couldn’t see nothing / anything because it was very dark. I didn’t know if I should call somewhere / someone or if I should go inside. I decided to call the police. I tried to find my cell phone but it wasn’t anything / anywhere in my bag; then I remembered it was in the car. When I opened the car’s door, someone / somewhere turned the lights on in the living room.

When I got my cell phone to call the police, it rang: I answered and it was my husband. I said: “I think something / someone is robbing our home!”. And he told me: “That’s impossible. There isn’t anyone / anywhere robbing our home!” and I asked: “How do you know that?” He answered: “Because I’m here in the living room calling you. There isn’t anything / something wrong here. By the way, why are you so late?” Well, I didn’t answer that question but he had to explain why he had left the door open.

WHAT DID YOU LEARN TODAY? Relative pronouns

Who

Which

Where

That

Some / Any Compounds Someone

Anyone

Something

Anything

Somewhere

Anywhere