Part 3: Domain Name

Reem AbuZayedh

CIS 1203 Web Technologies

Keywords1. URL2. Domain Name3. IP address4. Domain Name System5. Organization code6. Country code

Objectives

1. What is URL

2. Domain Name and IP Address

3. What is Domain Name System DNS?

4. Browser and DNS

5. Parts of Domain Name

6. Organization code

7. Country code

1- URL URL: Uniform Resource Locator

URL: stands for the address of a website.

Example:

The URL of Albayan newspaper is:

http://www.albayan.ae/

alainfootball.pdf

2- Domain Name and IP Address

Each Web server has a unique IP

address and a domain name.

URL: http://www.google.com

Domain Name of the web server:

google.com

IP Address of the web server:

209.85.148.104

3- Domain Name System DNS (1/2)

It is hard for us to remember numbers (IP

Address 209.85.148.104) but it is easier

for us to remember names (Domain name

google.com)!

DNS helps in this! You don’t have to

memorize all IP Addresses of your favorite

websites!

3- Domain Name System DNS (2/2)

Domain Name System DNS:

DNS Server links google.com to the IP

Address 209.85.148.104

4 -Browser and DNS (1/2)

1. When you type a URL, on the browser, for example:

http://www.emaratalyoum.com/sports

2. The browser breaks the URL (address) into 3 parts:

1. Protocol: http

2. Domain name: emaratalyoum.com

3. The resource/webpage name (optional) : sports

3. See the next slide to know how the browser uses the

domain name emaratalyoum.com

4 -Browser and DNS (2/2)

208.43.117.197Emaratalyoum Server

You

DNS Server

1

2

3

4

1- The browser asks

DNS server about IP

address of

emaratalyoum.com

2- DNS server returns the IP address 208.43.117.197

3- The browser requests to view the content of 208.43.117.197

4- Server accepts and browser views the website.

Copy of Sports

webpage

5 -Parts of Domain Name As you know form slide 7, the below URL contains

3 parts: https://www.hct.ac.ae/students

3 parts of the Domain name :

1. Organization name: hct

2. Organization code: ac (academic)

3. Country code: ae (Arab Emirates)

Some domain names contain only organization

code, for example: microsft.com why?

Protocol

Domain Name

Resource

6 -Organization codeOrganization Name

Academic .aceducational .educompany .cocommercial .comgovernmental .govinformation .infoUS military .milbusiness .biz

7- Country CodeCountry Name

 United Arab Emirates .ae

 Australia .au

 South Africa ????????

 Canada .ca

 Germany .de

 Spain .es

 Ireland .ie

 Italy .it

 Kuwait .kw

 Oman .om

 Qatar .qa

 Saudi Arabia .sa

 United Kingdom .uk

 United States of America .us

Additional

The subnet mask signifies which part of the IP address is network and which part is host.

Subnet Mask

Default Gateway:

The default gateway address is the address of the router interface connected to the same local network as the source host

The IP address is a logical network address that identifies a particular Computer

IP Address