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Theories of Motivation
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MOTIVATION
Presented by:Shubhangi Kumari
MBA-IB 2013-15Amity International Business
School, Noida
MOTIVATIONMotivation is:• Desire to do things• Initiates, guides and maintains goal-oriented
behaviors• One have the power to influence one’s own level
of motivation and self-control– whether it is getting a glass of water to reduce thirst or
reading a book to gain knowledge– difference between waking up before dawn to pound
the pavement and lazing around the house all day
MOTIVATIONAL THEORIES
• Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
• Douglas McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y
• David McClelland’s Motivational Needs
• Frederick Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory
Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
• Abraham Maslow (1908–70), a psychologist, believed that all people have needs to satisfy and will work towards fulfilling it.
• A need is what a person requires. • He assumed these needs could be arranged
according to their importance in a series of steps known as Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
Douglas McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y
• In 1960, Douglas McGregor formulated Theory X and Theory
Y suggesting two aspects of human behavior at work, or in
other words, two different views of individuals (employees):
Negative- Theory X Positive- Theory Y
David McClelland’s Motivational Needs
Frederick Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory
The two- factor theory states that there are certain
factors in the workplace which causes job
satisfaction while a separate set of factors causes
job dissatisfaction. Those are:
• Motivational Factors
• Hygiene Factors
Frederick Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory
Motivational Factors
– give positive satisfaction
– arise from intrinsic conditions of the job
– increment results in motivation
Hygiene Factors
– give dissatisfaction
– are extrinsic to the job itself
– absence results in demoralise
THANK YOU