Network topologies.

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Instructor, PACE-IT Program – Edmonds Community College

Areas of Expertise Industry Certifications

PC Hardware

Network Administration

IT Project Management

Network Design

User Training

IT Troubleshooting

Qualifications Summary

Education

M.B.A., IT Management, Western Governor’s University

B.S., IT Security, Western Governor’s University

Entrepreneur, executive leader, and proven manger with 10+ years of experience turning complex issues into efficient and effective solutions.

Strengths include developing and mentoring diverse workforces, improving processes, analyzing business needs and creating the solutions required— with a focus on technology.

Brian K. Ferrill, M.B.A.

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Network topologies.

– What is a topology?

– Peer-to-peer vs. client-server networks.

– Network topology models.

PACE-IT.

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What is a topology?Network topologies.

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What is a topology?

A topology is basically a map that can describe how a network is laid out or how the network functions.

The network topology can be described by either its logical or physical properties. A logical topology describes the theoretical signal path, while a physical topology describes the physical layout of the network.

Network topologies.

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Peer-to-peer vs. client-server networks.Network topologies.

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Peer-to-peer vs. client-server networks.

– Are peer-to-peer and client-server really examples of topologies?

» No. They don’t describe the signal path or the physical layout of the network. And yes. They describe the how the network functions.

– Peer-to-peer topology.» Nodes control and grant access to resources on the

network.» No one node or group of nodes controls access to a

specific type of resource (no server is present).» Each node is responsible for the resources it is willing to

share.

– Client-server topology.» Access to a network’s resources is controlled by a central

server (or servers).» A central server (or servers) determines what resources

get shared, who is allowed to use the resources, and even when the resources can be used.

– Hybrid topology.» A combination of peer-to-peer and client-server

networking.

Network topologies.

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Network topology models.Network topologies.

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Network topology models.

The original Ethernet standards established a bus topology for the network— both logically and physically.

As time went on, the bus developed some mechanical problems. That led to the development of different physical topologies; however, the logical topology remained the same in order to maintain backward compatibility.

So, when discussing Ethernet networks, the logical topology is always a bus topology, while the physical topology can be different.

Network topologies.

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Network topology models.

– Bus.» The signal traverses from one end of the network

to the other.» A break in the line breaks the network.» The ends of the line must be terminated in order

to prevent signal bounce.» The network cable is the central point.

– Ring.» A bus line with the end points connected together.» A break in the ring breaks the network.» Often implemented with multiple rings (often two)

that counter rotate.» Not very common in the LAN anymore, but is still

used in the MAN and the WAN (SONET especially).

Network topologies.

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Network topology models.

– Star.» Nodes radiate out from a central point.» When implemented with a switch, a break in a

segment only brings down the segment.» Most common implementation of the modern LAN.

– Mesh.» Multiple connections between nodes on the

network.» Full mesh means that every node has a physical

connection to every other node.• A full mesh topology is expensive to install

because of the amount of wiring and network interfaces required.

» Partial mesh means that there are multiple paths between nodes.

Network topologies.

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Network topology models.

– Point-to-point.» Two nodes or systems connected directly together.

• Two PCs connected with a crossover cable creates a point-to-point topology.

• Two routers connected via a serial link creates a point-to-point topology.

» No central device is required to manage the connection.

» Is a common topology when implementing a WAN connection.

– Point-to-multipoint.» A central device controls the paths to all other devices.» Differs from a star in that the central device is

intelligent.» Wireless networks often implement point-to-multipoint

topologies.• When the WAP sends, all devices on the network

receive the data; when a device sends, its data is only passed along to the destination.

» Is also a common topology when implementing a WAN connection.

Network topologies.

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What was covered.Network topologies.

A topology is a map that can be used to describe the signal path or physical layout of a network. The logical topology will describe the signal path, while the physical topology is more of a wire schematic.

Topic

What is a topology?

Summary

In peer-to-peer networking, there is no central control of network resources. Each node determines what it will share and what it will not share. In client-server networking, there is central control of shared network resources with a server controlling access. A network can have aspects of both and, when this occurs, it is considered a hybrid topology.

Peer-to-peer vs. client-server networks.

Ethernet networks are logical bus networks, regardless of the physical layout. In bus topology, the signal goes end-to-end. Ring topology is a bus with the ends connected. In a star topology, the nodes radiate out. Mesh topology is multipath. Point-to-point topology is a direct connection. Point-to-multipoint topology is a single point going to multiple nodes.

Network topology models.

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THANK YOU!

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