..

:1- .2- .3- .4- .5-

:1- .2- .3- .4- .5- .6- .7- .8- .9- .10- .11- .12- .

: . - Mushrooms .

:- Luis Pasteur (1822-1895): - lsomers . . - Raulin . (1933-1939).

- Heinrich Anton de Bary (1831-1888) : * .* 1866 1887

- OSCAR BREFELD(1839- 1925) : . - Single spore technique 15 .

- GEORG KLBES(1857-1918) : .

- A. H. Reginald Buller (1874-1944) ): . - Fungi Researches on .

. :. .. .. .

: ( --....) .

: . .

: .

Raulin (1869) .

Ammonium nitrate4.0 gSucrose70 gAmmonium phosphate0.6 gTartaric acid4 gMagnesium carbonate0.4 gWater1.500 ml

Potassium carbonate0.6 gAmmonium sulfate0.25 gZinc sulfate0.07 gIron sulfate0.07 gPotassium silicate0.07 g

:

. Autoclave

100 15 / 1.5 122 30

: .:. . - - - -

Animal cellPlant cell

: .

:1.Stationary Phase.2.Phase of accelerated growth. 3.Exponential or Logarithmic phase. 4.Phase of declining acceleration .5.Maximum stationary phase.6.Phase of decline or autolysis.

.

: Rate of growth: Rate Amount . . = /

Ways of measuring growth: A) Visual inspection B) Linear growth C) Dry weight

Good luck