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Lord of the RingsLord of the RingsNetwork AnalysisNetwork Analysis
Dmitry Zinoviev—Suffolk University—[email protected]—2017
Why Network Analysis?● Identify core actors and places
● Identify relationships between actors, and actors and places
● Identify groups (“clusters”) of actors
● …ideally without reading the text
Starting with e-Text
…Elrond greeted them gravely and graciously, and Galadriel smiled upon them. “Well, Master Samwise,” she said. “I hear and see that you have used my gift well. The Shire shall now be more than ever blessed and beloved.” Sam bowed, but found nothing to say. He had forgotten how beautiful the Lady was. Then Bilbo woke up and opened his eyes. “Hullo, Frodo!” he said. “Well, I have passed the Old Took today! So that’s settled. And now I think I am quite ready to go on another journey. Are you coming?” “Yes, I am coming,” said Frodo. ‘The Ringbearers should go together…”
Entity Extraction
…Elrond greeted them gravely and graciously, and Galadriel smiled upon them. “Well, Master Samwise,” she said. “I hear and see that you have used my gift well. The Shire shall now be more than ever blessed and beloved.” Sam bowed, but found nothing to say. He had forgotten how beautiful the Lady was. Then Bilbo woke up and opened his eyes. “Hullo, Frodo!” he said. “Well, I have passed the Old Took today! So that’s settled. And now I think I am quite ready to go on another journey. Are you coming?” “Yes, I am coming,” said Frodo. ‘The Ringbearers should go together…”
Possible Problems
…Elrond greeted them gravely and graciously, and Galadriel smiled upon them. “Well, Master Samwise,” she said. “I hear and see that you have used my gift well. The Shire shall now be more than ever blessed and beloved.” Sam bowed, but found nothing to say. He had forgotten how beautiful the Lady was. Then Bilbo woke up and opened his eyes. “Hullo, Frodo!” he said. “Well, I have passed the Old Took today! So that’s settled. And now I think I am quite ready to go on another journey. Are you coming?” “Yes, I am coming,” said Frodo. ‘The Ringbearers should go together…”
Anonymous references
Non-entities
One entity → several names
One name → several entities
Cooccurrence Detection
…Elrond greeted them gravely and graciously, and Galadriel smiled upon them. “Well, Master Samwise,” she said. “I hear and see that you have used my gift well. The Shire shall now be more than ever blessed and beloved.” Sam bowed, but found nothing to say. He had forgotten how beautiful the Lady was. Then Bilbo woke up and opened his eyes. “Hullo, Frodo!” he said. “Well, I have passed the Old Took today! So that’s settled. And now I think I am quite ready to go on another journey. Are you coming?” “Yes, I am coming,” said Frodo. ‘The Ringbearers should go together…”
Network ConstructionCo-occurrence of chapters 0 (preface) thought 62 and named entities.
Connection thickness—number of co-occurrences
01
2
3
4
5
6
7
8 9
10
11
12
13
14
15 16
17
18
19
20
21
22
2324
25
26
27
28 29
30
31
3233
34
35
36
37
3839
40
4142
43
44
45
46
4748
49
50
51
5253
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
Goldberry
End
Mordor Aragorn
Rohirrim
Silverlode
Glóin
Cotton
Hill
Warden
Dwarf
Gamgee
Forest
Dol
Dale
Helm
Númenor
Uglúk
Gandalf
House
Merry
Road
Osgiliath
Gate
Buckland
Edoras
Orthanc
Mr.
Captain
SamwiseLady
Darkness
Day
Éomer
Celeborn
Dúnedain
Théoden
Bilbo
Bag
Nazgûl
Arathorn
Morgul
LothlórienMaggot
Amroth
Golden
Shagrat
Weathertop
Gorbag
Vale
Took
Bombadil
Anduin
Ephel
Citadel
Mithrandir
Misty
Orcs
Bridge
Denethor
Hobbit
Gaffer
Shelob
Ferny
West
Hobbiton
Mount
Wizard
Bree
Elder
BalinStrider
Tower
Rohan
Company
Mirkwood
Enemy
Lórien
Dead
Ithilien
Lord
Old
Isen
Ungol
Boromir
Gollum
Sea
Cirith
Sméagol
Isildur
Gildor
Farewell
Master
East
Black
Gondor
Entwash
Moria
Hall
Durin
Tom
Sam
Imrahil
Galadriel
Dark
Hornburg
Frodo
Pippin
Glorfindel
Deep
Prince
South
River
Wild
Fire
Beregond
Ents
Shire
Bill
Elvish
Éowyn
MarkPeregrin Minas
Council
Steward
Gimli
Far
Doom
Great
Elendil
Baggins
Brandybuck
Shadowfax
Dúath
Tree
Ranger
Elf
Shadow
Rider
Meriadoc
Wormtongue
Grishnákh
Muil
City
Butterbur
Westernesse
Amon
Faramir
Haldir
Saruman
Elrond
Sauron
Háma
White
Nine
Land
Eye
Treebeard
Moon
Men
Emyn
Fangorn
Rauros
Grey
King
Mountain
Tirith
Night
Brandywine
Rivendell
Legolas
Isengard
Bywater
Wood
Sun
Ford
Wise
Guard
Middle-earth
North
Farmer
Similarity Calculation● Quantitative similarity on the scale from -1
(totally dissimilar) to 1 (totally similar)
● Two entities are similar if they act in similar chapters
● Two chapters are similar if they refer to similar entities
Similar EntitiesNode size = # of references
Blue: Shire, Frodo
Orange: Rivendell, Gandalf
Purple: Rohan, Aragorn
Yellow: Mordor, Sauron
Green: Minas Morgul, GollumWood
Nine
Uglúk
PeregrinBilbo
Morgul
Council
Took
Misty
West
Isen
Dol
GondorFrodo
Prince
Minas
Goldberry
End
Mordor
Aragorn
Rohirrim
Silverlode
Glóin
Grey
Hill
Warden
Dwarf
Gandalf
Forest
Orcs
Dale
Helm
Númenor
Gamgee
House
Merry
Road
Osgiliath
Elendil
Buckland
Edoras
Mount
Denethor
Samwise
Bree
Darkness
Day
Éomer
Dúnedain
Théoden
Bag
Nazgûl
Arathorn
Durin
Maggot
Strider
Golden
Shagrat
Rauros
GorbagVale
Bombadil
Anduin
Ephel
Citadel
Mithrandir
Treebeard
Bridge
Captain
Hobbit
Gaffer
Amon
Hobbiton
Orthanc
Wizard
Dúath
Elder
Balin
Tower
RohanCompany
Mirkwood
Enemy
Lórien
Dead
Glorfindel
Old
Great
Ungol
Boromir
Gollum
Sea
Cirith
Isildur
Gildor
Farewell
Celeborn
East
Ferny
Black
Ithilien
Entwash
Meriadoc
Hall
Lothlórien
Tom
Sam
Imrahil
Galadriel
Dark
Hornburg
Pippin
Deep
South
River
Fire
Beregond
Ents
Shire
Bill
Elvish
Éowyn
Shelob
Steward
Gimli
Wild
Doom Gate
Baggins
Brandybuck
Shadowfax
Sméagol
Tree
Ranger
Elf
Shadow
Rider
Moria
Wormtongue
Grishnákh
Muil
City
Butterbur
Westernesse
Amroth
Faramir
Haldir
Saruman
Elrond
Sauron
Háma
White
Land
Eye
Moon
Men
Emyn
Fangorn
Weathertop
Cotton
King
Mountain
Tirith
Night
Brandywine
Far
Rivendell
Legolas
Isengard
Bywater
Sun
Ford
Wise
Guard
North
Farmer
Gap!
Similar ChaptersNode size = # of references
Purple (Preface, 1–13, 17, 60–63): Shire?
Yellow (14, 18–33, 38, 44–53, 58–59): Rivendell, Rohan?
Blue (34–37, 39–43, 54–57): Mordor?
0
1
2
3
4
56
789
10
1112
13
14
15
16
17
1819
20
2122
2324
25
26
27
28
29
3031
32
33
34
35
36
3738
39
40
41
42
43
4445
4647
48
4950
5152
53
54
5556
5758
59
60
61
62
Similar ChaptersNode size = # of references
Purple (Preface, 1–13, 17, 60–63): Shire?
Yellow (14, 18–33, 38, 44–53, 58–59): Rivendell, Rohan?
Blue (34–37, 39–43, 54–57): Mordor?
Chapters arrangement by similarity is in a good agreement with their temporal and spatial sequences
0
1
2
3
4
56
789
10
1112
13
14
15
16
17
1819
20
2122
2324
25
26
27
28
29
3031
32
33
34
35
36
3738
39
40
41
42
43
4445
4647
48
4950
5152
53
54
5556
5758
59
60
61
62
How about “The Hobbit”?
Wood
Wise
Nine
Uglúk
Peregrin
Lake
Dain
Bilbo
Morgul
Council
Took
Treebeard
West
Thorin
Isen
Dol
Gondor
Moon
Frodo
Prince
Minas
Goldberry
End
Mordor
Aragorn
Rohirrim
SilverlodeGlóin
Grey
Hill
Warden
Dwarf
Gandalf
Forest
Orcs
Dale
Helm
Númenor
Gamgee
House
Merry
Road
Osgiliath
Elendil
Buckland
Edoras
Orthanc
Denethor
SamwiseBree
Darkness
Day
Éomer
Goblin
DúnedainThéoden
Bag
Nazgûl
Arathorn
Durin
Maggot
Strider
Golden
Gildor
Shagrat
WeathertopGorbag
Vale
Bombadil
Anduin
Ephel
Citadel
Mithrandir
Misty
Long
Bridge
Captain
Hobbit
Gaffer
Ferny
Hobbiton
Mount
Wizard
Dúath
Elder
GloinBalin
Tower
Rohan
Company
Bard
Enemy
Lórien
Dead
Glorfindel
High
Old
Bert
Boromir
Gollum
Sea
Cirith
Isildur
Sun
Farewell
Celeborn
East
Black
Ithilien
Entwash
Moria
Hall
Fili
Lothlórien
Tom
Sam
Imrahil
Kili
Galadriel
Dark
Hornburg
Pippin
Deep
South
River
Fire
Bombur
Beregond
Ents
Shire
Bill
Elvish
Éowyn
Shelob
Eagle
Steward
Dori
Gimli
Wild
Doom
Great
Gate
Baggins
Brandybuck
Shadowfax
Mirkwood
Sméagol
Tree
Ranger
ElfShadow Rider
Meriadoc
Ford
Grishnákh
Muil
City
Butterbur
Westernesse
Amroth
Bifur
Faramir
Haldir
Saruman Elrond
Sauron
Háma
White
Land
Eye
Guard
Bofur
Men
Emyn
Down
Fangorn
Rauros
Cotton
King
Path
Mountain
Tirith
Night
Brandywine
Far
Rivendell
Legolas
Isengard
Bywater
Ungol
Poor
Wormtongue
Beorn
Smaug
Amon
North
Farmer
Almost separated!
Contact points: Bilbo Baggins, Wild Forest
Summary● Identified five major plot lines, including
characters and locations
● Identified “most important” characters and locations
● Network as a navigational chart of the book
● Almost no reading involved! ● “The Lord of the Rings” ≠ “The Hobbit”
![WHO IS ON THE LORD’S SIDE? “…give thanks to the Lord -- for he is good…In my anguish I cried to the Lord, and he answered me…[For] the Lord is with](https://img.pdfslide.tips/doc/110x75/56649cf85503460f949c94e1/who-is-on-the-lords-side-give-thanks-to-the-lord-for-he-is-goodin.jpg)
