Types of Sensors
Types of SensorsBy Ebin RobinsonAS Level
What is a Sensor?A sensor is a device that detects the changes
in electrical or physical or other quantities and thereby produces
an output based on the pre-set values entered or the current
conditions.
Ultrasonic sensor
In industrial applications, ultrasonic sensors are characterized
by theirreliabilityandoutstanding versatility.Ultrasonic sensors
can be used to solve even the most complex tasks
involvingobjectdetectionorlevel measurmentwithmillimeter precision,
because their measuring method works reliably under almost all
conditions.
Apassive infrared sensor(PIRsensor) is an electronicsensorthat
measuresinfrared(IR) light radiating from objects in its field of
view. They are most often used in PIR-based motiondetectors.
PIR sensor
Temperature sensor
The TMP36 is a low voltage, precision centigrade temperature
sensor. It provides a voltage output that is linearly proportional
to the Celsius temperature. It also doesnt require any external
calibration to provide typical accuracies of 1C at +25C and 2C over
the 40C to +125C temperature range. We like it because its so easy
to use: Just give the device a ground and ethernet port to screen
for reading and read the voltage on the Vout pin. The output
voltage can be converted to temperature easily using the scale
factor of 10 mV/C.
Speed sensorSpeed sensors are machines used to detect the speed
of an object, usually a transport vehicle
Blind spot monitorAblind spot monitoris a
vehicle-basedsensodevice that detects other vehicles located to the
drivers side and rear. Warnings can bevisual, audible,vibrating.It
can also include cross trafic alerts.
Radar gunAradar speed gun is a device used to measure the speed
of moving objects. It is used in law-enforcement to measure the
speed of movingvehiclesand is often used in professional spectator
sport, for things such as the measurement of bowling speeds in
cricket, speed of pitchedbaseballs, athletes and tennis serves.A
radar speed gun is aDoppler radarunit that may be hand-held,
vehicle-mounted or static. It measures the speed of the objects at
which it is pointed by detecting a change in frequency of the
returned radar signal caused by theDoppler effect, whereby the
frequency of the returned signal is increased in proportion to the
object's speed of approach if the object is approaching, and
lowered if the object is receding.
Water sensorTheWater in Fuel Sensoror WiF sensor indicates the
presence of water in the fuel. It is installed in thefuel filterand
when the water level in the water separator reaches the warning
level, the Wif sends an electrical signal to theECUor to dashboard
(lamp). The WiF is used especially in theCommon Railengines to
avoid theFuelinjector damage.
Oxygen sensorAnoxygen sensor(orlambda sensor) is an electronic
device that measures the proportion ofoxygen(O2) in the gas or
liquid being analysed.It was developed by theRobert Bosch
GmbHcompany during the late 1960s under the supervision of Dr.
Gnter Bauman. The original sensing element is made with a
thimble-shapedzirconiaceramiccoated on both the exhaust and
reference sides with a thin layer ofplatinumand comes in both
heated and unheated forms. The planar-style sensor entered the
market in 1990, and significantly reduced the mass of the ceramic
sensing element as well as incorporating the heater within the
ceramic structure. This resulted in a sensor that started sooner
and responded faster.
GyroscopeAgyroscope is a spinning wheel or disc in which the
axis of rotation is free to assume any orientation. When rotating,
the orientation of this axis is unaffected by tilting or rotation
of the mounting, according to theconservation of angular momentum.
Because of this, gyroscopes are useful for measuring or maintaining
orientation.
MRIMagnetic resonance imaging(MRI),nuclear magnetic resonance
imaging(NMRI), ormagnetic resonance tomography(MRT) is amedical
imagingtechnique used inradiologyto investigate
theanatomyandphysiologyof the body in both health and disease. MRI
scanners usemagnetic fieldsandradio waves to form images of the
body. The technique is widely used in hospitals for medical
diagnosis, staging of disease and follow-up without exposure
toionizing radiation.
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