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VISUAL MERCHANDISING
VISUAL MEANINGRelating to the sense of sight.
MERCHANDISING MEANINGMerchandising is a marketing
practice in which the brand or image from one product or service is used to sell another
VISUAL MERCHANDISING
?
Coordination of physical elements in place of business, so that its project the right image to its customers
Change a “passive looker into active buyers”
Responsible for total merchandise
Overall business image
Placements of design elements
It is the activity and profession of developing the floor plans and three dimensional displays in order to maximize their sales
The display of products which makes them appealing and attractive
It utilizes displays, colors, lighting ,smells and sounds
Contd……..
PURPOSE OF
VISUAL MERCHANDISING
The purpose is to attract ,engage, motivate the customers towards making a purchase
Both goods and services can be displayed to highlight their features and benefits
PRINCIPLES OF
VISUAL MERCHANDISING
Make it easier for the customer to locate the desired category and merchandiseMake it easier to self selectMake it possible to coordinate and accessorizeEducate about the product in an effective and creative wayMake proper arrangements in such a way to increase the sale of unsought goods
IMPORTANCE OF
VISUAL MERCHANDISING
Purposes are to sell products and promote store imageShould always try to be different, new, and creativeChange a “passive looker” into an “active buyer”Enhances brand imageGenerates impulse salesOverall business image
VISUAL MERCHANDISINGSUCCESS FACTORS
ERRORS TO AVOID IN VISUAL MERCHANDISING
Too much signageConfusing traffic patternsToo much proppingDisconnection between exterior window and store contentsPoor lightingNo point of viewInconsistency in visual executions
OBJECTIVES OF A
GOOD STORE DESIGN
Design should:
be consistent with image and strategypositively influence consumer behaviorconsider costs versus valuebe flexiblerecognize the needs of the disabled –
The Americans with Disabilities Act
OBJECTIVES OF THE STORE ENVIRONMENT
Get customers into the store (store image)
Serves a critical role in the store selection process
Important criteria include cleanliness, labeled prices, accurate and pleasant checkout clerks, and well-stocked shelves
The store itself makes the most significant and last impression
Once they are inside the store, convert them into customers buying merchandise (space productivity)
The more merchandise customers are exposed to that is presented in an orderly manner, the more they tend to buy
APPAREL WALL PRESENTATION OF THE
MERCHANDISE
INCORRECT
Fashion apparel wall presentation. In the correct example, formal balance is achieved by creating a mirror image of garment on both sides of a center line. This does not occur in the incorrect example
INCORRECT
In this, Informal balance is achieved because an equal amount of space is filled on either side of a centre line. This does not occur in the incorrect example.
MERCHANDISE PRESENTATION
The ways goods are hung, placed on shelves, or otherwise made available to customersShoulder-outOnly one side shows
Face-forwardHanging garment so
full front faces viewer
METHODS OF
DISPLAY
ShelvingHangingfoldingPeggingDumping
SHELVING
FOLDING
HANGING
DUMPING
PEGGING
Should be current Represent styles and lines Should be well stocked In demand New (inform customers of
what is available) Encourage additional
purchases Promote current theme Look good on display
DISPLAYED MERCHANDISE
ELEMENTS IN VISUAL MERCHANDISING
ELEMENTS
STORE FRONT
STORE INTERIOR
MERCHANDISE DISPLAY
STORE LAYOUT
STORE SPACE
1. STORE FRONT
The exterior of a business.It includes:
1. Signs2. Marquee3. Entrances4. Window Display
SIGNS
There are four different types of signs are:
1.Promotional Signs2.Location signs3.Institutional signs4.Informational signs
PROMOTIONAL SIGNS
For off-price events or specials.
LOCATION SIGNS
For direction to specific departments
INSTITUTIONAL SIGNS
Signs for the store policies
INFORMATIONAL SIGNSFor product related benefits/ features/ prices etc.
MARQUEE
The sign that is used to display the store name
Designed with customer convenience and store security in mind.
There are several types of entrances each portraying a certain image
ENTRANCES
Revolving – up scale stores
Push-Pull – full service stores often with fancy handles
Electronic – Self-serve stores, with carts such as Wal-Mart, Meijer, Kroger.
Climate Controlled – shopping malls.
TYPES OF ENTRANCES
The store’s FIRST IMPRESSION with the customer.
Begin the selling process even before the customer enters the store.
Suggests the type of merchandise carried in the store
WINDOW DISPLAYS
1. Promotional – promote the sale of one or more items by using special lighting and /or props.
Skiwear with fake snow for accents
2. Institutional – promote store image rather than specific items.
Designed to build customer good will, show that the business is interested in the community
TYPES OF WINDOW DISPLAYS
Affects the store’s imageIncludes items such as:
Floor & wall coveringsLightingColorsFixtures
STORE INTERIOR
It is important to create a relaxing, comfortable place for customers to shop
Customers shop longer & are more relaxed and spend more when they are not pressed by crowds, delays & long lines
FLOOR AND WALL COVERINGS
LIGHTINGS
Used to direct customer’s attention to the display and creates mood.
-Use more light for dark colors, less light for light colors .
-Beam spread; the diameter of the circle of light.
Flood lightningSpot lightningPinpointing
BEAM SPREAD TECHNIQUES
FLOOD LIGHTING
Ceiling lights to direct lights over an entire wide display area.
SPOT LIGHTING focuses attention on specific areas or targeted items of merchandise
PINPOINTINGfocuses a narrow beam of light on a specific item
Color selection should be perfect.Help to make merchandise look more interesting.Color schemes help to create moods.Capture shoppers attention.
COLORS
Example; in Christmas displays only complementary color scheme i.e. reds and greens are placed next to each other in setting as no other scheme can accomplish this
STORE FIXTURESTo make store’s wall merchandisable, wall usually covered with a skin that is fitted with vertical columns of notches.
Most common types of fixtures: StandsPlatforms and ElevationsRound rackBinT-StandFour way faceout
TYPES OF FIXTURES
Used in a variety or assortment window- from glass line to the back of the display window
STANDS
Platforms or Elevations can be tables and other pieces of furniture that can be used to raise up a mannequin, a form or arrangement of merchandise
PLATFORMS AND ELEVATIONS
Circular racks on which garments are hung around the entire circumference
ROUND RACKS
A rimmed table or bin used to hold sale or special merchandise on the sales floor, especially in discount operations; it has no formal arrangement
BIN
Freestanding, two-way stand in the shape of a T, that holds clothes on hangers, sometimes with one straight Arm and one waterfall
T-STAND
A fixture with four extended arms, that permits accessibility to hanging merchandise all the way around
FOUR -WAY STAND
The way the floor space is used to facilitate and promote sales and best serve the customer
2. STORE LAYOUT
1. Selling Space2. Merchandising Space3. Personnel Space4. Customer Space
TYPES OF FLOOR SPACE
Includes:Interior displaysSales demonstration areasSales transaction areas (wrap desk)
SELLING SPACE
Allocated to items that are kept in inventory
Selling floorStock room area
MERCHANDISE SPACE
PERSONNEL SPACESpace for employees:
break roomslockersrestrooms
CUSTOMER SPACEComfort and convenience of customers:
RestaurantsDressing roomsLoungesRestroomsRecreation area for children
Stores are competing more & more in these areas
Allocating more dollars and space for customer convenience than ever before
Once the floor space has been allocated, management & visual personnel spend a lot of time planning the effective use of the space.
What product are to go where
Agencies – what products should be next to each other
Where to put seasonal merchandise such as coats, swimwear and Christmas items
Traffic patterns
VISUAL DECISIONS
FLOOR LAYOUT
STRAIGHT FLOOR LAYOUT( GRID DESIGN)
Best used in retail environments in which majority of customers shop the entire store
Can be confusing and frustrating as it is difficult to see over the fixtures to other merchandise
Forcing customers to back of large store may frustrate and cause them to look elsewhere
Most familiar examples for supermarkets and drugstores
DIAGONAL FLOOR LAYOUT
Good store layout for self-service type retail stores
Offers excellent visibility for cashier and customers
Movement and traffic flow in the store is smooth
ANGULAR FLOOR LAYOUT( CURVING/LOOP –RACETRACK DESIGN)
Best used for high-end stores
Curves and angles of fixtures and walls makes for more expensive store design
Soft angles create better traffic flow throughout the retail store
GEOMETRIC FLOOR LAYOUT(SPINE DESIGN)
Is a suitable store design for clothing and apparel shops.
Uses racks and fixtures to create interesting and out- of- the – ordinary type of store design without a high cost.
MIXED FLOOR LAYOUT(FREE FLOW DESIGN)
Incorporates the straight, diagonal and angular plans
Helps generates the most functional store design
Layout moves traffic towards walls and back of the store
• Storage, Receiving, Marketing
• Underwear • Dressing Rooms
• Checkout counter
• Clearance Items
• Feature • Feature
•Je
ans
Casu
al W
ear
S
tock
ings
•Ac
cess
orie
s•
Pant
s
•To
ps•
Tops
•Sk
irts
and
Dre
sses
Hat
s an
d H
andb
ags
• Open Display Window • Open Display Window
They are part of the general store interior
Displays generate 1 out of 4 sales
They enable the customer to make a selection without personal assistance
3. MERCHANDISE DISPLAYS
1. Closed Displays2. Open Displays3. Architectural Display4. Point-of-Purchase5. Store Decorations
KINDS OF DISPLAYS
Look but don’t touch
Require sales person assistance
Expensive or fragile merchandise
Jewellery cases
CLOSED DISPLAYS
Handle merchandise without a salespersonSelf-serviceUsed for most clothing
OPEN DISPLAY
Actual room setting
Furniture
ARCHITECTURAL DISPLAYS
Promote impulse buying
Items at the registerBatteriesCandyMagazines
POINT-OF-PURCHASE
STORE DECORATIONS
Decorations for holidays such as Christmas, Halloween and Valentine’s Day
Interior displays use fixtures and props to showcase merchandise
Props are generally classified as decorative or functional
PROPS
Objects added that support the theme of the display
Functional Props - practical items for holding merchandise such as mannequins and shirt forms
Decorative Props -Only purpose is to enhance merchandise. Items such as trees, tables, cars.
Structural Props -used to support functional and decorative props and change the physical makeup of displays. (boxes, rods, stands, stairways, etc)
TYPES OF PROPS
FUNCTIONAL PROPS
DECORATIVE PROPS
STRUCTURAL PROPS
Show the customer what’s newShow customer how to put together a total lookA good display helps create multiple sales
Customers want to look like the displayCustomers want you to show them what to
wear
IMPORTANCE OF INTERIOR DISPLAYS
Often convey a common theme through out the store
Animal prints, patriotic themeUsed to tell a color story
INTERIOR DISPLAYS
The large display in a store including the mannequins & wall displays are usually set up by visual department
Small table displays and fixture top displays are usually set up & maintained by the individual department staff
It is important to change departmental displays frequently
Should be chosen to maximize merchandise exposureJust inside store entranceAt entrances to
departmentsNear cash/wrap counterNext to related itemsBy elevators and escalatorsOpen-to-mall areas
INTERIOR DISPLAY LOCATIONS
WHEN TO CHANGE THE DISPLAYS?
When new merchandise comes inJust to change around the pieces of a group that has been on the floor for awhile
Gives the group a new look
The same customers walk through your department every week – you want it to look freshYou want to give them a reason to buy
WHAT TO USE FOR SUCCESSFUL DISPLAYS?
MannequinsAlternatives to mannequinsFixturesProps
RealisticSemi realisticAbstractSemi-abstractHeadless
TYPES OF MANNEQUINS
REALISTIC MANNEQUIN
Resembles the everyday person rather than a movie star.
SEMI REALISTIC
Is like realistic mannequin,But its makeup is moreDecorative and stylized.
ABSTRACT Is concerned with creating an overall effect rather than reproducing natural lines and proportions.Features such as elbows, fingernails are rarely indicated.
SEMI ABSTRACT Is more stylized than the semi-realistic mannequin and its feature may bepainted or suggested rather than defined.
HEADLESS:Has a full-size or Semi-realistic body with Arms and legs but no Head. It offers no personality or image.
ALTERNATIVES TO MANNEQUINSThree quarter formsArticulated artist’s figuresDress forms and suit formsDrapersHangersLay down techniquesPin up techniquesFlying techniques
THREE-QUARTER FORMS:
Representation of a part of the Human anatomy, such as the Torso, the bust or the area from Shoulder to waist or from hips to ankles.
ARTICULATED ARTIST’S FIGURES based on small wooden miniatures used by artists and designers to get correct proportions and poses for figure drawing when live model is not available
DRESS FORMS AND SUIT FORMS
INFLATABLES
Are life-sized “balloons”That stimulate parts of The human anatomy. Most resembles the Lower half of the body And is used to show jeans and pants.
DRAPERWas a simple, uncomplicated and often underused alternative to mannequin
HANGERS Simple hanger can be an alternative to the mannequin. Hangers can either be hung by invisible wire from a ceiling grid or it can be hung from a look that extends from a wall or panel.
PINUP TECHNIQUESMakes use of a panel, wall Or some vertical surface onto which a Garment can be pinned, shaped and Dimensional zed.
LAY-DOWN TECHNIQUE Involves the folding, pleating and placement of
garment next to garment or accessories next to featured garment.
FLYING TECHNIQUESmerchandise is pulled, Stretched or pulled the garment into abstract Shapes that present anangular and crisp presentation.
ATMOSPHERICSThe design of an environment via:visual communications lightingcolorsoundscent
To stimulate customers’ perceptual and emotional responses and ultimately influence their purchase behavior
Name, logo and retail identity
Institutional signage
Directional, departmental and category signage
Point-of-Sale (POS) Signage
Lifestyle Graphics
VISUAL COMMUNICATIONS
Coordinate signs and graphics with store’s imageInform the customerUse signs and graphics as propsKeep signs and graphics freshLimit sign copyUse appropriate typefaces on signsCreate theatrical effects
CONTD…..
SoundMusic viewed as valuable marketing toolOften customized to customer demographics - AIE (
http://www.aeimusic.com)Can use volume and tempo for crowd control
Scent Smell has a large impact on our emotionsVictoria Secret, The Magic Kingdom, The Knot ShopCan be administered through time release atomizers or via
fragrance-soaked pellets placed on light fixtures
SOUND AND SCENT
CASE STUDY
Adidas
Adidas
• Effectiveness : The display of upside down women signifies the freedom and independency of women which will motivate them to walk in the store.
• Why did it work : It forces female customers to ponder what the store holds for them.
Marks & Spencer
Marks & Spencer
• Clarity of thought : The window display clearly shows that the sale season is going on for the apparels and accessories offered by the store.
• Creativity : The red color is used to indicate sale period which can be discovered from a far distance. Red colour is psychologically attached to the customers; it portrays excitement/ impulse purchase decisions
• Effectiveness : A customer interested would surely walk-in to avail the discounts as the display is shouting out for the sale season.
• Why did it work : The entire display used the red color tints and shades indicating sales period & also providing an opportunity to avail extra reduction. The big banners as well as mannequins wearing similar t-shirts talking about sale are also very helpful
Visual merchandising is first and foremost strategic activity.Put your best-selling merchandise in your best-selling space.If you only do one thing with your store, make it professional.The storefront, tell the right story about what kind of merchandise is availableInvest proper signage to take your store to the next level.
CONCLUSION
BIBLOGRAPHYwww.textilescommittee.nic.inwww.google.comwww.wikipedia.comwww.visualstore.comwww.slideshare.comFashion: from concept to consumer 1999- frings, gini stephenVisual merchandising and display fifth edition – martin
ANYQUESTIONS?
SUBMITTED BY:JASPREET kAURL-2010-HSC-09-BFD