“Arm Based Node to Node Position Communicator”

ByPraveen Kumar Sheri

Page 2

LOGO CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

COMPONENTS USED

BLOCK DIAGRAM

ARM7 TDMI LPC2148

GPS (GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM)

GPS MODULE

GPS Data Transmission

POWER ADAPTER

ZIGBEE TRANSCEIVER

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY (LCD)

KEYBOARD DIAGRAM

FEATURES, ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATION

CONCLUSION

FUTURE SCOPE AND APPLICATIONS

REFERENCES

Page 3

LOGO INTRODUCTION

This project deals with the design of two similar hand held devices, which can receive and transmit its GPS co-ordinates to its counterpart, it also displays them on a LCD display and a keypad is also used which gives the devices a luxury to communicate using text based messages. The transmission and reception between the devices is done using ZIGBEE transceivers, an ARM processor is used as a central device for all the interfaces and processing.

Page 4

LOGO

This project mainly used to update the positions(latitude and longitude) of Node or system and its location that sends location information to the requested another Node.

Also it displays the Date and Time of Node.

Page 5

LOGO COMPONENTS USED

ARM7 TDMI LPC2148 board

2 GPS receivers

Power adapter

2 ZIGBEE transceivers

Alphanumeric keypad

16x2 LCD Display

Page 6

LOGO SOFTWARE REQUIRED

Philips Flash Utility

Kiel v.3 compiler

Page 7

LOGO BLOCK DIAGRAM

Controller

GPS

ZIGBEE TRANSCEIVER

Keypad

Display device

Power supply unit

Page 8

LOGO ARM7 TDMI LPC2148

The LPC21418 microcontrollers are based on a 32

bit ARM7TDMI-S CPU with real-time emulation

and embedded trace support, that combines the

microcontroller with embedded high speed flash

memory ranging from 32 KB to 512 KB. A 128-bit

wide memory interface and unique accelerator

architecture enable 32-bit code execution at the

maximum clock rate.

Page 9

LOGO LPC2148 Applications

Industrial control Medical systems Access control Point-of-sale Communication gateway Embedded soft modem General purpose applications

Page 10

LOGO GPS (GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM)

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based

global navigation satellite system (GNSS) that provides

reliable location and time information in all weather

and at all times and anywhere on or near the Earth

when and where there is an unobstructed line of sight to

four or more GPS satellites.

Page 11

LOGO GPS Principle

Page 12

LOGO Major Components of a GPS Receiver

Antenna with pre-amplifier RF section with signal identification and signal

processing Micro-processor for receiver control, data sampling

and data processing oscillator Power supply User interface, command and display panel Memory, data storage

Page 13

LOGO GPS MODULE

Page 14

LOGO GPS Data Transmission

(1) Asynchronous Serial Data Transfer

(2) Baud Rate: 4,800 bit/sec

(3) Data Bit: 8 bit (D7=0) Non Parity

(4) Stop Bit: 1 bit

(5) LSB First Transmission

Page 15

LOGO GPS Receiver Output Data Format

$GPRMC , hhmmss , f, ddmm,mm,a,dddmm.mm,a,xxx.x,xxx., xxxxxx,,*hh<CR><LF> 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

1: UTC (Hour, Minute, Second)

2: Data status A: Valid, V: Invalid

3, 4: Latitude (degree, minute), N/S (the datum specified by user)

5, 6: Longitude (degree, minute), E/W (the datum specified by user)

7: Speed (knots)

8: Forward Direction (degree)

9: UTC day, month, year

Page 16

LOGO POWER ADAPTER

Power supply circuit consist of transformer

connected to a bridge rectifier which is then

passed to the LM7805 regulator through a filter

and then sent to the LM317 regulator

Page 17

LOGO ZIGBEE TRANSCEIVER

ZigBee is a low-cost, low-power, wireless mesh

networking standard. First, the low cost allows the

technology to be widely deployed in wireless control and

monitoring applications. Second, the low power-usage

allows longer life with smaller batteries. Third, the mesh

networking provides high reliability and more extensive

range.

Page 18

LOGO ZIGBEE V/s BLUETOOTH and IEEE 802.11

Page 19

LOGO ZIGBEE CC2500RF Module

Page 20

LOGO ZIGBEE Features

Supports Multiple Baud rates ( 9600 )

Works on ISM band (2.4 GHz)

No complex wireless connection software or

intimate knowledge of RF is required to connect

our serial devices.

Designed to be as easy to use as cables.

No external Antenna required.

Plug and play device.

Works on 5 DC supply.

Page 21

LOGO ZIGBEE Applications

Wireless Sensor Network.

Wireless Device Control.

Wireless Data Transfer.

Wireless Energy Metering

Home Automation

Page 22

LOGO LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY (LCD)

A liquid crystal display is a thin, flat electronic visual display

that uses the light modulating properties of liquid crystals

(LCs). LCs does not emit light directly.

In liquid crystal displays (LCDs) of liquid crystal technology

is the most common applications. An advanced VGA

computer screen from the pervasive wrist watch and pocket

calculator, this type of display has evolved into an important

and ambidextrous interface.

Page 23

LOGO ALPHA-NUMERIC LCD DISPLAY

Fig ALCD display

Page 24

LOGO KEYBOARD

Typically one port pin is required to read a

digital input into the controller. When there is a

lot of digital input that has to be read, it is not

feasible to allocate one pin for each of them. This

is when a matrix keypad arrangement is used to

reduce the pin count.

Page 25

LOGO KEYBOARD DIAGRAM

Page 26

LOGO Internal Keyboard architecture

Page 27

LOGO Matrix Keypad Interface Logic

Step 1:

The first step involved in interfacing the matrix keypad is to write all

logic 0’s to the rows and all logic 1’s to the columns. In the image,

black line symbolizes logic 0 and red line symbolizes logic 1.For now

let us assume that, the circled key is pressed and see how the key press

can be detected by a software routine.

Step 2:

Now the software has to scan the pins connected to columns of the

keypad. If it detects a logic 0 in any one of the columns, then a key

press was made in that column. This is because the event of the switch

press shorts the C2 line with R2. Hence C2 is driven low.

Page 28

LOGO

Step 3:

Once the column corresponding to the key pressed is located, the next thing

that the software has to do is to start writing logic 1’s to the rows

sequentially (one after the other) and check if C2 become high. The logic is

that if a button in that row was pressed, then the value written to that row

will be reflected in determined column (C2) as they are short circuited.

Step 4:

The procedure is followed till C2 goes high with logic high is written to a

row. In this case, a logic high to the second row will be reflected in the

second column.

We already know the key press happened at column 2. Now we have

detected that the key is in row 2. So, the position of the key in the matrix is

(2,2)

Page 29

LOGO FEATURES

Low Cost for Implementation.

Compact and simple such that it avoids the more

space requirements.

Implementing in the Vehicle is easier.

GPS Based Location Tracking.

Page 30

LOGO LIMITATION

In some places where there is no provision of GSM

network it is difficult for communication

Page 31

LOGO CONCLUSION

Using GPS exact location(latitude and longitude) of the

system(Node), we can easily find location of the group

members.

This can save the many lives from severe accident.

Page 32

LOGO FUTURE SCOPE AND APPLICATIONS

Automatic Sending Message for Missed Calls: If the user knows that he is

going to receive a call but due to some obvious reason he may not be able

to answer the call so he can save a text message written for a that person

informing the reason for not answering the call.

Automatic Sending Message for Reminders: The user sets certain

reminders for meetings, birthdays, anniversaries etc. his / her text

messages stored for these events are sent automatically and the user gets

notification regarding the sent messages.

The Location track module can be extended to secure tracking for blind

people.

Page 33

LOGO

Using accelerator feature of android that sense motion when coupled

with our module, we can develop accident detection system.

A medical reminder system can be developed with reminder sending

module, so that old aged people can get regular reminders for their

medicines.

Text Message Feature can be substituted with voice mail feature.

This system can be used in bus automation system.

Page 34

LOGO REFERENCES

• Farahani Shashin, ZigBee wireless networks and Transceivers. Amsterdam,

USA: Newnes publications, 2008.

• Maryam Alnuaimi, Mohamed Boulmalf, Farag Sallabi and Abderrahmane

Lakas Khaled Shuaid, "Performance Evaluation of IEEE 802.15.4:

Experimental and simulation Results," Journal of Communications, vol. 2, pp.

29-37, June 2007.

• http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6003963&tag=1

• http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4068791&tag=1

• Ziad A. Osman, Mazen Jrab, Souleiman Midani, Rached N. Zantout (May

2003), ‗Implementation of a System for Offline Tracking using

GPS‘ ,Mediterranean Microwave Symposium, Ain Shams University,

Cairo,Egypt, pp. 203-207

• http://www.digi.com/support/eservice/login.jsp

THANKYOU

THANKYOU