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Gráfico Tipo C Control Estadístico del Proceso.
Sandra Elisa Reyes Velázquez UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLÓGICA DE TORREÓN.
Gráfico Tipo C
Ejemplo:
En una empresa fabricante de motores, se busca medir la cantidad de
defectos que se presentan en las unidades terminadas: Para lo cual se
obtiene una muestra de 40 unidades y se anotan los resultados, los cuales
son los siguientes:
Inciso a Se pasa hacer los cálculos necesarios con las siguientes fórmulas, para hacer
el gráfico:
Instrucciones:
a) Realizar un gráfico de
control
tipo C con la ayuda de Excel
b) Identificar las Nelson Rules
que
aparecen en el gráfico.
UCL 21.2037088
CL 11.175
3.34290293
LCL 1.14629121
n Defectos n Defectos
1 21 21 3
2 22 22 10
3 9 23 12
4 12 24 17
5 15 25 15
6 8 26 6
7 14 27 16
8 9 28 15
9 13 29 4
10 6 30 8
11 19 31 8
12 17 32 9
13 21 33 10
14 7 34 7
15 10 35 6
16 8 36 21
17 11 37 12
18 6 38 15
19 4 39 6
20 6 40 9
Se hace el siguiente formato en Excel para poder hacer la gráfica:
n Defectos C C+1 C+2 C+3 C+1 C+2 C+3
1 21 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
2 22 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
3 9 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
4 12 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
5 15 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
6 8 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
7 14 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
8 9 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
9 13 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
10 6 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
11 19 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
12 17 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
13 21 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
14 7 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
15 10 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
16 8 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
17 11 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
18 6 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
19 4 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
20 6 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
21 3 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
22 10 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
23 12 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
24 17 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
25 15 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
26 6 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
27 16 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
28 15 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
29 4 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
30 8 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
31 8 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
32 9 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
33 10 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
34 7 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
35 6 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
36 21 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
37 12 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
38 15 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
39 6 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
40 9 11.175 14.5179029 17.8608059 21.2037088 7.83209707 4.48919414 1.14629121
C= 11.175
S= 3.34290293
Gráfico de control de no conformidad
Inciso b Identificación de las Nelson Rules:
Rule 1:
One point is more than 3 standard deviations from the mean.
Rule 2
Nine (or more) points in a row are on the same side of the mean.
Rule 4
Fourteen (or more) points in a row alternate in direction, increasing then
decreasing
Rule 5
Two (or three) out of three points in a row are more than 2 standard
deviations from the mean in the same direction
Rule 6
Four (or five) out of five points in a row are more than 1 standard deviation
from the mean in the same direction.
