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Chuang
6
Hinh ehieu eua eong trinh
Trong Revit@ Archlt~cture, b9Jl co the nh]n thay cong trinh qua cac hinh chieu tih angl goc cua m~t bang, m~t dung va m~t cat, thea tleUi chua'n cung nhli hlnh p'h6i dmh dang tr~k va phoi canh ky' rna. Tmng chl1dng nay, b<;Jn se hQc cach nMan ban va quan Iy cae hinh chieu, dieu khien Sif xUJat hi~h eua v~t t,he trong hinh chieu va ti;lO I~p cac hinh chieu m~t dung, m~t cat va 3D.
Ml}C tieu
Sau khi ho~m tat bai hQc nay, bqn c6 the:
• Khao sat cac hinh eh.ieu khilc nhau xuat hi~n trong Project Browser va thay doi cae thut)c tfnh clla chung,
SLt dl:mg cach IQc va quy o!nh ve kha na-ng thay dl1Qc cua v~tt the ae dieu khlen 51/ the hi~n ella v~t the.
n~o I~p cae hJn'h ehieu m~t dU'ng va Ill~t cik
1(;10 l~p va hi~u eHinh cae hinh 3D.
159
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Bai: Quan Iy cae hihh chlieu
A'
Tong quan
Bai hoc nay hoc ve dlCh khao sat Cik hinh eh'ieu kh',3c nhau xua't hi~n trong Project Browser va thay doi cac thuoc tinn eua dh(rng. B~n bat aaw bai hQc bang ph:an hoc ve hiJlh ehieu va cae bl10c de t<;lO I~p v:a bien t~p chung. Ke tiep, b~n hOc ve c~c tliluQe tinn eua Il)nh chieu va cae thao tc1c nen sU' dl;Jng de~ lam vi~C veti hinh ehleu. Bai hoc se ket thue b~ing cac bili t~p c6 nQi dung khao s_at cac hinh chieu trong Project Browser va, hi~t1 cninh cac thuQc tfnh eua hinh chieu.
~Cae hinh chiew la cac thanh ph~m cnu yeU ella m9t dO. an. Chung t~p h<;jp tat ca mQi thong tin lien qu_an den m(>t phan d~c; bi~t eua cong trinn va trinn bay chung thea yeu cau. Thay doi thuQc tirih clla mQt hinh chieu 'kh6ng thay doi thuQc tinh cila hinh chieu !khac. Tuy nhien, neu bc;m thay doi nQi dung cua mot hlnh chieu nao do, tnl Slj thay dol nay c6 tlhe thay dtfoc tJ nQi dung cac 111nh chieu lien quan.
Trong minh hQa dl10i day, thuQC tinh clla ninh chieu m~t bang da clni ro nhlf tV I~ hinh chieu (View Scale) dlfl;jc quy d!nh la 1/8'1= 1'- 0", :MU'c do the hi~n chi tiet (Detail Level) Iii tho (Coarse), y,a hlnh 1JhU'c the hi~n do hQa ([Model Graphics Style) fal Wireframe. Cac thuQc tfnh cua hinh dhieu m~t bang khong phan anh .IE~n hlnh chieu 3D, v6i View Scale :Ia 1"=1';10", Detail Level 121 Medium, v~ M'odel Graphics Style la Shading witll Edges. Tuy nhien, khi kich cO eua clla so thay doi tren hinh clilieu m~t ban9, n6 se dlfc;l'C tPh~ma.nh tren hinh chieu 3D. Chu y den cli'a so dl1Q'c chon trong hlnh chieu m~t bllng va 3D.
~
1/8" = 1'-0· 0 $ 0 14 1:'; ~ • < >
1
Hillh chieu m~t bang
Hinh cnieu 3D
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160 • Chlfdng 6: Hinh chieu eva cong trinh
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M~c tieu
Sau khi hni3n tat bai nay b9n co the:
Hieu du'Q'c hlnh ehieu.
T90 I~p va, bien t~p cae hinh chieu.
Hieu chl<;1e thuQc tirih cua hinh ehieu.
Hieu dl1<;fc cae hinh chieu mau.
Xac d!nh cae thao tac nen dung khi lilm vj~c voi hinh chi'eu.
KhilO ,sat cae hinh dhieu khtk nhau xUlat hi~n trong Project Browser va hi~U ohinh cac thuoc t,inh eua chung.
Khai quat ve hinh chieu
Project Browser chU'a tat c:a hinh chieu trong mQt do an. B"m e6 the truy nh~p vao nhi1ng hinh chieu nay de quan sat nhU'ng trinh bay khilC nhau cua mQt' cong tr,;nh. Khi bc;m rna mQt hlnh chieu hay t~o I~p mQt hinh ehieu mOi, uk hlnh chieu aa dU'<;1e m6 van con ton t:9i va cac quy djnh cU'Q chung khong thay doL
9jnh nghia ve hinh ch1ieu
Hinh ehieu eung cap mQt li1inh al1h dQC nhat ve cong trinh. B~f)I S!f dl:mg hinh chieUl de trinh di~n cong trinh vai cae hlfo'ng nhin ikh<lc nlilau. B~1il co the t90 l'~p nhieu goe chieu nhli m~t bang, m~t dLtng, m~t cat va 3D cho mot o3ng tninh. Bc;Hil eGng co the trinlil bay mot hinh (hleu m~t ban9 Iilam dU:oi mQt hinh chieu m~t banQl1kh,k de nnan m9nh mol lien h~ gUia cae thimh phan acae tang; khae nhau.
Khj bi;ln b~h dau m<)t 00 iln, mQt vai hlnh chieu da du'<;jc ti;lo I,~p m~c dinh tuy vim t~p tin dl/ an mau ma bi;ln dlQn. 69n co the bi'en t~p nhO'ng thuge tinh cua hinh chi'eu hay t90 l~p hinh chieu moi tuy theo nhu eau. Bi;ln co the' di den bat cLl' ndi nao trong mQt ihinh chieu bang c~ch dung con Ian cua chuQt.
Chi co m9t hinh chieu ho9t d<)ng trong mQt thb,i diem, Tuy nhien, b91l co the chuyell doi qua l<;li cac hinh chieu kh'i3c nhau trong qua trinh ho9t dQng. Vii dl,l, b~n co the chQn mQt san nha trong hlnh ehieu 3D de bien t~p trrong hlnh chie'u m~t bang. 89n cflng co the nhan biln hlnh chieu m~t bang va 3D hi~n hCIu thanh nhCr'ng hinh ehieu maL
lien h~ hai chieu (Bidirectional Associativity)
Lien h~, hai c'hieu bim dam sl./ thay doi xay ra trong mQt hinh chieu se tl,l' dong 'keo thea sl! thay doi OJ hlnh chieu Ilien h~. Di'eUi nay du'<;1e ap dl;Jng cho tat ca cae thanh p!;"tan, hinh chieu, va ghi chu cua mQtc6ng trinn" VII dl,l, mQt, thay doi xay ra c:ho kfch thu'Oc: eua rnQt cU'a so tren m~t b~ing se du'c;J'c philn anh trong tat ea cae hinh chieu co Ilt~n h~ Iknc3c, vi dl,l nhu' hinh chieu 3D.
Bar Quan If hi'nh chf(§iJ • 1611
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Qua I~i (Navigating) giua cae h1nh chieu eila cang trinb
B<;ln co the StI dl,mg Project Bmwser de qua l<;Ii (navigate) giU'a cac h'inh chieu cUQ m(>t eang trinh. Project Browser trirnh bay cae hinh chieu thea <:au true d<;l~QI cay"
Khi b<;ln bS td them mQt fang vao eang trinh, tl/ d9ng mQt hinh chieu thang goe eua m~t b,ang san moi va, rn(>t hlnh chieu bhang g6c ella m~t bang tr2H'l mai du'Q'c t9'O :I~p thea m~e dinh. Tuy nhien b9fl co the b6 qua bu'oc t90 II~p nay neu co yeU cau.
Flool~
Level 1 u-t2 Sie
Ceilnll Pkn Leovell Level 2
EIev~ (BlMling Elevetian) East North South 'We
LegerQ 1m S~uariJlIes [] Shee\s(alJ
• nlll FalTiiet GIOllp$
Cae hlnh ehieu eua mot e6ng trinh trong Project Browser '...-'
Cac II/a chQn ,cho vi~c nhan ban hinh chieu
Khi nhan ban hinh chieu b9n dl1Q'c su dl,mg nhCfng quy dinh khac nnaUi cho hrnh chieu do dethe hi~n nhung p'han tu'dng tl/ eua rnQt ma hlnh eau t90. Vii dl), b<;ln co the nh'an ban rnQt hlnh chieu m~t bang, b<;ln quy dinh cho hinh ehieL\ nguyen thUy the hi~n ma hlnh thifc,. va nhO'ng quy d!nh eho hinh chieu nhan bim de the hi~n thanh ma hinh phan tich. --
DlIol day Iii ba II/a chQn ma b"n co the SU' dl)ng khi nhan bim hin/il ehieu.
Lila chQn Mota
Duplicate (Nhan ban) T~o I~p hinh chieu sao ehep hrnh chieu ban dau. M'9t hinh ,chieu nhan ban se the hi~n tat ca nhU'ng. than'h phan eang trinh nhung khang co nhi:?ng ghi ehu nhu hinh ehieu ban
Duplicate with Detailing (Nhan bim co chi tiet)
T90 II~p hinh chieu thU'a hu'dng mQi chi tiet ella hinh chieu ban dau. MQ! ban sao v~i Ilfa chQn nay se the hi~n ca cae thanh phan Ian cae ghi chu tU' hinh chieu goc.
Duplicate as a Dependent T~o 1~p mQt hinh chieu thU'a nu'dng cae thu(>c tfnh ve hinh
(Nhan ban phl;l thuQc) ehieu va nhU'hg hinh chieu d~c bi~t -eua cae thallh phan tU' hinh chieu ban daL!l. Tmng m(>t hlnh ch'ieu phl.J thu(>c (dependent view), bi;ln chi thay mQt vUhg nao do oua hinh ehieu. B:~n co bhe dua vim du'on9' khop filoi (matchlines) de chi fa vi tri ma Minh ehieu bi t.ach fa, va' hinh chielJi tham chieu clno vi~c khop noi. lila chc;m nay 9iuP 190 II~p nhU'ng hinh chieu mQt bQ ph~il trern m~t bang cua mQt hlnh chieu batlg qu~ lan, khaV1g au bo tri len to gi§'Y' eua bim ve.
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162, • CllI/or;g 6: Hinh' chieu eua c8ng trinh
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Underlay (nam du'oi)
B"9-n sli dl,mg thu9c tlflh underlay ella mQt hinh ehieu m~t bang de the hi~n m9t hinh ehieu m~t bang kh;k ella eeng trlnh nam phfa du'ol eua hinh. ehieu bang hi~Til hG'u., Underlay ao the 1i3 phfa tren hay phia dl10i tang hi~n hG'u, va dl1o'c the hj~n voi mau nhi?t hdn.Ban su dl,mg underlay de hieu dl1Q'c moi quan h~ giG'a cae thanh phan thu9c cae t2JnQl khik nhau. 8~n co the c!iu;m va hi~u chinh cae thanh ph'an thuQc Underlay.
Trang hinh minh hQa dl10i day, nhU'ng Chiang mau nh~t 121 hinh chieu bang ella mot rang thap hdn co vai tro nhu' la mQt underlay d5i voi hinh ehieu bang hi~n hG'u.
Vii du ve hinh chi'eu to
rclinh dual day mirnh hQa cae hinh ehieu ella mQt eeng trinh.
3.
1/8" - J'.(J' 0 $ 0 M ~ ~ • < ) l{lr-I'.()" 0 QJ 0 M t;; ( ,
y
< ) bl'..tl"
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._-_._~
Hinh chieu m~t bang 3) Hinh ehieu m~t dU'ng hu'ong Nam
Hinh chieu m~t eat ~) Hlnh chieu 3D
Blii: Quafl Iy hinh chieu • 163
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T~o,l~p va bien t~p hinh chieu -Khj b~n t'.30 I~p mQt ding trinh, b~n cao phill I'am vi~C vol nhleu hinh chleu k'h,k nhau nhl1 -.../
m~t bang s'an va m~t bang trim. Bi;m s0' dl,mg Project Browser, the View tren Design Bar, hay View tren thanh menu de t~o I~p mQt hlnh chleu mol va de nhan ban mQt hlnh chleu hi~n hU'u, -'
B~n slr dl:mg thanh cUQI'n ngang va dung eua eUd so hinh chleu de dich chuyen ngang va dcmg. 8~n co the sa d\Jng II/a ehQn SteeringWheels tren View toolbar de Cl!IQn hay thu ph6ng trong mQt hlnh chjeu phang, va xoay mqt hillh chleu 3D. B~n su dl,lng View Cube trong Ihinh ehleu 3D de quay me hinh hay djnh 191 goe nhin ella hinh chie\.l. Ban co the dung hanh xe tren con ehuQt de thu phong hay dich chuye'n bat kY hinh chleu nEw, va b~n co the sLr' dl,mg banh xe tren COil enuQt ket nllP vol phom SHIFT de xoay ma hinh.
Bqn eo the dmg lue xem cae hinh chieu da, chf<;1C: ma bang each su dl,mg cae II/a ch9n TiI'e or the Cascade tren Window eua thanh menu. B~n eong co the xac d[nh phan tach cua m(>l hinh chieu bang each them vao mQt matcnline, de vi~c dinh vi cae thanh ph~m nho ella mQt hinh
'-"chieu lien cae b~n ve nho du'<;1c dhinh xac. Bi;m co the quy dinh cho 51/ the Ihi~n ella IMatchline de nhin bang each bl€E) t~p dQ day, miw, IOgi ella net ve.
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QUy trinh~ T~o I~p mQ!:"goc nhin lmoi
NhG'ng. bl1ac sau day se ma,til each t90 I~p mQt hlnh chleu moL
1. Tren Design Bar, View tab, chqm 'Io~i hinh chleu m~ bi?n muon t90' I~p, VI dl,J nhl1 Floor -.../
PI am (hlnh chieu m~t bang san). -
Chul y: B9n cung co the nhS'p vim View menl!J > New. .....,.;
2. Trong :hQP tho9il New Plan:
ChQn cao trinh rna b9n muon t9Q I~p hinh chieu.
Xoa 6 chQn Do Not Duplicate Existing Views de ti?O I~p mot hinh chieu nhan barn.
3. Tren DesJgn Bar, V,iew tab, chQn Elevation. Quy d!nh dau ky ni~u m~t d'ung 0 vi trf yeu cau de t(j30 I~p mQt hinh chleu m~t dung moi.
4. Tren Design Bar, View ta-b, ch<;m Secti'on de t90 I~p mQt m~t hay m~t dl1ngl. ChQn hai' dle'm de v€ mQt m~t cat moil.
tJ
cat tren cd sCi m~t bang
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5" Tn~n Design Bar, View tab" nlilap vao Schedule/Quantities de rna h9P tho~j 'New Schedule.
164 ., Cht/dhg 6: Hinh chieu cua c6ng trinh
6. Trang h(>p tho9i New Schedule, ch9n thanh phan can phili thong ike.
New Schedule
Category
,·Category> ,.. Ive<ss (Gross BUildi~ Iveas (Rentable) Casework Ceifll'lQs Cwtain Panels n.lltain Systems Curtain Wall Mulltons DOOlS Elecl/real EQUipmenl
f-lame:
Mu~i·Calegoly ScheduL
, Phase
7. Tmng hQP thoi;li Schedule Properties, them cac tham bien ma bi;m' muon t90 lap tmng hinh chieu.
hedule Plopelties
Felds FMl:er 5ortJ'lg/Grouplng Fotmatbng A
A~allable field,:
~~ Cocfe... ,.. [ 1?ldd -> Assembly DescnptlOll Category Closer Comments Cast Count DewIptJon Family Famlly and Typ Frame SIlencer Hardware Type
QUy tninh: Them mQt IMartchline
Nhilng bUCJc sau day se rna til each b6 tri them mQt matchline vaa mQt hinh chieu.
1. Me hinh chieu g6c 1i3 ndi b9n t9Q I~:p hinh chieu Iilhan bim hay Ihlnn chieu de phan tach.
2" Tren View Control Bar, nhap vim Crop View de the hi~n khu vl/C muon trich x,uat.
3. Tren Design Bar, Drafbing lab, ch9n MatcfnJline..
4. Trong ctla so hinh chieu ve matdhline co 09 dai bUy thea yeu caru.
~~IL-_
8al: Quan If' hinh chieu • 165
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5. Chc;m Finish Sketch de cham dut vi~c ve matchlirle.
6. Khoanh mQt phan cua hinh chieu matchline tll' mQt hl1ong. -/
7" Open the duplicated or linked v.iew and make that view's crop region visible.
8. K:hoanh vung hinh chieu lieil h~ voi Matchline 0 hu'dhg con '1 9i. Khi ca hai hlnh chieu du'<;1c b5 tff h~n gi~t Vet matchline se chil dinh no'i chung g~p nhau.
Chu y; MatchJines la cac v~;t the 3D trong cac hlnh chieu bang. BQI1 ·c6 the quy dinh chieu cao cua chung de chung chi c6 the xuat h:i~n tren mQt cao trinn nilO d6.
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lihuQc tlnh. hlnh Ichieu
B~m sLr' dl,lng cae thuQc tinn de quy d!nn va hj~u chinh nhU'ng tham bien khck: nhau lien quan den hlnh chieu dang hOc;lt dQng, nhu' tV I~t cach the hi~n, va nhO'ng ph"an flam dl10i (underl·ay). Vai: thUQC: tfnh v~t chQTil eua ihinh chieu co the xuat hi~n tren View Control Bar nam (J .clay eua so hi'nh chJeu. B9n c6 the hi~U chinh cae thuQc Hnh ella hlnh dhleu bang h9P
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thoi;ii Element Properties.
Hinh du'oi day minh hQa hQp tho9i Element Properties CUe: mQt .m~t bang. ~
nt Properties
Eamlly: system Fanlly: Floor Plan
h'pe: Floor Plan
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.., ~/Ne
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callout Tat;) 55 5im
value
Value '--'
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Graphics VIew Scale 1: 100 _____poo _Scale value 1: cWspIay-MOdel "Normal
.-/A~ l C'
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166, II ChLfdng 6: Hinh chieu eva e6ng tdnh
Cac tham bien thu9c tinh cu'a hinh chieu
Tham bien thuQe tfnh eua hinh ehieu anh huang den cach thue the ihi~n clla cong trinh trong cli'a so hinh chieu. .
Hinh sau day minh hoa cae tham bien thuQc tfnh .clla mQt hinh ehieu trong h9P thoi;li Element Properties.
VleW Sc.aIe )1/8" - 1'-0"
DIsplay Model Normal Det&lleYet Coarse lIIsblIty/Graphtcs overrides r --fat Model Graphics Style tidden I..i1e AdvMICed Model Grap!Ks lhdeMy None
Orl.entalion PrOjeCt Nortt1 Wall Jok'l 0ispIa't' CIea1 ~ ..... )OinS 0!scIpfne ArchitecbJraI ,....h~
Bang dtio; day se mo ta cac tham bien thuQe tfnh hinh chieu chu yeu co the thay trong hQp tho~i Element Properties.
Iirllphicl ~
Tham bien Mota
View Scale (Tyl~
hinh chieu) Thay do; tV I~ ella hinh ehieu khi chung xuat hi~n tren ban ve de in ra.
Scale Value (Gia tri ella tV I~)
Cae dinh tV I~ can thiet. Gia trl tV I~ chi hOqt d{lng khi Custom dti<;1C chon trong phIlO View Scale.
Crop Region and Crop Region Visible
QUy d!nh mQt dtiong bien quanh m9t c6ng tninh. B~n co the chon dtidng bien va d!llh 191kich to voi cae ky hi~u dfeu ~hien. Slf xuat hi~n clla e6ng trinn thay doi khi bglil d!nh I~'j kjch co ella Duong bien. De tat quy d!nh ella, k'hoanh vung, xoa h{lp kiem eua Crop Region. Be tat Duong biE!I1 va dUy tri khoanh vung, xoa h9P kiern Crop R£!gion Visible.
Display Model Dau thanh pha.n ella eong trinh trong hinh cllieu chi tie't. Display Model c6 ba quy djnh. QUy dinh Normal' lam xuat 'hi.~n cae thanh phan blnh thlfong'. No du'<;Jc dung cho cae hlnh chiE~u khong [can chi[ ttet. Quy cJjnh Do Not Display lam xuat hi~n chi, cae thanh p'han co ninh chieu chi tiet Cac thanhr pharn nay bao gam duong, \lung, kfoh thlfOc, dhCi' va ky hj~U.
Quy djnh As Underlay cae thann ph'2ln eua mQt hlnh chieu chi tiet khi cac thanh phan <C(Jng trinh xuat hi~n bi rna di>.
Detail level Ap dl;Jng cac quy d)nh mli'c d9 the hj~n chi tie't Coarse (tho), Medium (trung binh), hay Fine (chi t1iet) eho tV I~ h]nh chieu. Quy d!nh nay phll nh~n quy d!nh ve muc dQ chi tiel du'Qc ,quy dinh tl/ dQng, cho hinh chieu.
VisibilityI Graphics Override
Dieu khien sl/ the hi~n cua v~t the. Bqn co the quy d!nh nhG'ng the hi~n rieng bi~t bang each Sls'dl;Jng hQp tho<;ti Visibihty/Graphics Overrides.
Model Graphics Style
Xck I~p cac kieu the hi~n khck nhau cho hinh chieu. Cae kieu the hi~n bao gam Hidden Line, Wireframe, Shading va' Shading with Edges.
"--' BJ;;' Quan If hinh chieu • 167
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Tham bh!n Mota
Advanced Model Graphics
8ieu khien bang nang, v,a cae dl10ng silhouette trong hlnh ehieu,
Discipline Xae ci!nh cac bQ mon trong hinh ehieu dlj an va dreu khien su' the hi~n clla cae v~t the' c6ng trinh. B1;In co the ILIa ehQ'n cae bQ man Architectural, Stnwtura!, Mechanical, Electrical va Coordination eho du' an.
View Name Trinh bay ten eua hirnn chieu clang du'Qc kkh ho9t. Ten eua hlnh ehieu cling xuat hi~n trong Projed Browser va brong tlilanh tieu de ella hinh ehieu.
Title on Sheet Chi ten ella cae hinh ehieu xuat hi~n tren giay ve; ten nay khik voi ten trong thuQc tfnhl View Name. Thalli bien nay khong nam ~n trong cae h]nh chieu ella to giay,
View Range Oieu khien cac tine l1i~n hinJ'l hQC d~e biet ella m~t tmnQl xc3c I~p dlfong bien eua hinh ehieu bang. Ban can co the xae l~p du'ong bien nay bang each quy d!nh eh'ieu cao ella Cut Plane, Top Clip Plane va ,Bottom Clio Plane_,
Crop Region Cho phep Quang gioi h<;ln ella vung quanh mot eong trinh. Bc;m co the chon du'ang baa n~w va d!nh I~i kfoh co bElhg each slr' dl:Jng cae nut dieu khie'n, Khi b~n d!nh 11;li kfch eB eGa mot duong bietl, the hi~n ella cong trinh se bhay dCi. De tat cac chiang bien nhulilg v~n duy tri vung nhin thay, xoa hQP kiem cua Crop Region Vis-ible.
Phase Filter A~dl,mg bQ IQc ve eac phan 6<;1t xay d\fng c~<? hinh chieu. -Phase Xuat hi$n ffiQt dot xay dtfng d~e biet nao do el10 ImQt hJnh chieu.
Ph(3se quyet djnln ithanh phan c6ng trinn (phase-wise) nao du'Qc xuat hi~n trong hinh chieu va cach chung the hi~n qua hlnh hQc.
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Khoang giai h~n c:1Q sau eua, hinh ehieu (View Range) "-"
Tat ca cae 'ninh ehieu m~t bang san bang va m~t bang tran deu co m¢t thl!JQc tinh 99i 1·13 khoang gidi h1;ln dQ sau ella hinh ehieu (view range). Khoang gidi h'~n d{) sau ella hinh chieu '--"
(View flange) 1i:J mQt nhom cae m~t phang nam ngang co aFl.h hu'ang den vi~e co the thay du'<;1c v~t the trong hinh chieu hay kh6ng. View Range co bon m~t phang nam ngang gam:
"'--"Top Clip plane (m~t ci3tr ngan9 phfa trell), Cut pl'ane (m~t cat ngtmg ngay t~i ,1M cat), lOottOnfl Clip plane (m~t cat ngang iI1am dudi) va VIew Depth plane (m~t nam 0 chieu s.au eua hinh ehh?u). Cae m~t Top Clip va Bottom Clip ma ta' cho pilip trelil va phla dudi cua mot hlnh chieu. Cut PIane xac d!nh ndi cae v~t the du'<;1e cat ngangr trong hinh ch-h~i:J. NhCi'ng thanh prlan nam --pn'fa tren Cut Plane se khong du'QC the hi~ll. Khi: m~t phang View Depth dUi<;1c quy d!nll nam d110i m~t phang Bott'Om clip, hinh c.hieu se the hi~n nhQ'ng thanh phan Iilam trong khoang -..-p'h(a du'O'I m~t phang, Bottom Clip va m~t phang View D@pth.
Thanh dieu khien hinh chieu (View C'o'ntrol Bar) Thanh View Control giup b"9n nhanh chong truy Iilh~p de tim mol thuQc tfnn ella hinh chieu cO anh hu'onQl den cach the' hi~n 05n9 trinh trongl .hinh chleLi do. Thanh View ComIrel dLfQe be tIl '-" phfa du'oil cLIa so hinh chieu. B~n truy nh~p vim cac t:'hl!J9C tfnh cua hinh chieu bang each sU' dl:mg cae nut tren th·anh V,iew Controll: scale (tV I~), Detail Level {mciJ'c dQ ohi: tie!:}, Model Graphics Style {kieu the hi~n), Shadows (bong bim than), Crop/Do Not Crop View, Show/Hide '--"
Crop Region, Temporary Hide/ISolate (t1;lm thoi' dau/co Il~p) va, Reveal: Hidden Elements.
I.168 ChLfdng 6: Hinh chli§u eva e6ng trinh -/
Scale (tV I~)
Bc;m eo the thay doi gia trj cua tV I~ hlnh ehieu. bang each $U' dC,mg tuy ctWn Scale trong thanh View Control. Ty Ie hinh chieu se quyet djnh hinh chieu co vtJa vol kfch thuC1c bim ve hay khong. B<;ln co the' chQn m(>t tV ll~ trong cae tV Il~ dE} du'Qc djlih san, hay La m9t tV I~ elJ.a rieng minh cho ban ve. Gic ghf chu se tL! dieu chinh kfch co khi tV I~ hinh chieu thay doL
Hinh duoi day rninh hQa cac tV I~ hinh chiE~u thea Ih~ Anh co the tim thay tren View Control Bar.
= .:.... -(1
3/64- =: 1'·0·
I" '" 30'-0
1/3'r= 1'·0· I" = '10'-0" I" = 50'-0"
I" = 60'-0"
116'1" = 1'·0· 1" .. 80'.0" I" .. 160'·0"
I" = 200'-0"
I" =300'-0"
I" = 400'·0"
11/8"-1'.0"' ~
Detail Level (m'U'c de? the hi~n chi: tiet)
Bi;ln sit d~ng Detail Level (muc 09 the hi~n chi tiet) de xac d!n'h muc 0(> chi triet rna bi;m muon the hi~n trong hlnh chieu. Detail 'level imh huang den m(rc 09 the hi~n hinh hQC ellal cae thanh phan va lien quan den tV I~ hinh chieu. Bc;m co the thay doi detail level eila m9t hinh chil~LJ ttlanh Coarse (tihOr), Medium (trung bin'h), va Fine (chi tiel). Coarse -chi the hi~n duang ehu v,i cua tu'dng, san, maio va ba't Iky ky hi~u v@t li~u nao ma ta quy djnh cho phan tho. Medium va Fili1€ the hi~n cac [aU tqO eua, thanh phan.
. ~
Mlic dt) the hi~fil Coarse ella mQt hfang rnhfeul lop
Muc d9 the hi~n Medium va fine cung ella tl10ng nay
/ /
8J/~: 'Quan Iy hinh chieu • 169
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M1odel, 'Gr,'aph'ics Style (kieu the hi~n 'c,ong1trinh)
B<;lnI sU' dt,Jngl Mode.! Graphics Style de chQn cach the hr~fil cho mQt cong trinh, nhu la Wireframe (khong che khuat), Hidden tine (che khuat), Shading (co bong, ban than), va --Shladiog wibh Edges (bong bim than co the h'i~n ella cac gjao tuyen).
Hinh dl10i day milillil hQa vai kieu lihe hi~n khac nhau cua mQt ding trlnh bUy thee each II/a --"chQn trong Model Graphics Style.
~~·n~ %'~~- .. ~~~ '-'" ~" I~ ~~/,.~
'~';. . !' ..: ........ -;,~, ' . '~"''4 I....."'.
CD ~~~. '. '. :. '. '~", ~"".Iii ~ '~"!III~''' •• ' :1' "~,.,, "
:~ .~~ ~,~~:s./....
......",
........
Wireframe
Hidden !Line
ShadinQi --../
Shadin9 with E'dges
Shadows (bong do nang chieu)
Bi;m 51! dl,Jng tham bien Shadows de the hi~1') co hay khong bong do n~ng dJieu len mQt cong trlnh. MQt vai, quy d!nh clla lu~t ph.ap co the yeu CaUl vi~c do b6ng nhiim cae ml}C dich thay dUQc cong trinh nhu' ila mQt phan CU-9 quy ho~ch va va qua trinh xet duy~t. Tham bien Shadows rat Ich IQi' trong mQt nhG'ng tniong hQp nhu' v~y.
(6ng trlnh co do bong
C6ng trinh khong do bong>
.......,.
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170 • Chutmg 6: Hinh chieu cua cr5ng trinh
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Crop Region (khu vlje nhin thiy eua hinh ehieu)
IBi;ln sU' dlJng Crop Region de the hi~n hay hi~u ehinh du'ong ranh gioi ella mot hlnh ehieu. Bc;m co the 'dau hay the' hi~n ra Crop Region cua m(>t hinh chieu., Khi thay m9t khung hinh chieu, bi;ln co ttle dieu ehinh Ikich co clla lTinh chieu bang each re cae kY hi~u dieu khien Move Clip Plane. Bi;ln~o I~p mi?t phien ibim cho mQt kchu v\/c nhc hdn tlt khung hinh ch'ieu: Ion de linn vi~c voi no hay vi~e the Ihi~n m9t phan clla hinh chieu gee tna nen de dimg han.
D Hlnh ehieu m~t bang khong eo khung hlnh ehieu
Hinh c!'lieu m~t bal'lg voi khung hlnh chieu
Oau/Co I~p (Hide/Isolate) ~m tho,i
IB;;In sU'dl,mg tuy ctlqn Temporary Hide/Isolate de ti;lm thcH dau (klilong cOn thay) iin9t thanh phan du'qc ch<:m trong mQt hinh ehieu., TUy chQn nay hi:Iu fchl khi. bi;ln muon thay hay bien ~p
cae thanh phan tl'1uQc mQt thu' ml,lC nao do trong hinh ehieu vi nhiJng tiJy chc;m ,cho m9t thanh phan chi 00 the eo du'<;1c I<hi no dl1<;te II/a chon trong hinh chieu. Bi;ln co the dau m9t thanh ph~m d~c bi~t nilO do yoi Hide, va Ibi;l.fl c6 the co I~p mqt thimh pliJan bang cach dau tat cil cae thanh ph'an kh,k trong hinh chieu vcri Isolate. Hide/Isolate klnong imh Ihu'ong vi~c in an v~t the.
Hinh, dlfoi day minh h9a thu ml,lC tltong du'qc chQn, co I~p, va dau di.
tv ~
U9 ~ f,B
But tu'ong tren du'qc chQn
Thv' ml,lc Wang du'<;te Isolate
ThUi Iml,lC tu'ong du'qc Hide
Bai: Quan Iy hinh chieu .. 171
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Net manh (Thin Lines) J
8~n sU'dl:Jng net mimh de the hi~n nhung dO day cua net ve trong mot ceng trinh co du'Qc ap dl:mg heW kheng. Revit the hi~n nhung net ve vai nhilng d9 day da m~c dinh de moi hinh chieu co net ve trong bim vi? du'Qc in ra phu hQp vai tieu chuan the hi~n. Vai Thin Lines du'Q'c b~t len, b~n co the phan bi&t du'QC khoimg trong giG'a hai du'ang rat gan nhau phl,lc VI,I cho nhu GU lam vi~c chi tiet trong mot phan ni:lO do cua hinh chieu. Tuy chQn Thin Lines co the ....../
thay tren t'halilh View toolbar va trong thlfc don View. No co anh hu'ang den tat ca cac noi dunQl cua hlnh chieu.
........... Trongi hinh du'ai day, khi thin lines ou'Qc b~t, b<;ln co the thay al1<,1C chi tiet giao nhau giao diem d drinh tu'ong va khi thin lines b! tat, rna, doc d13 che dinh tu'ong.
/
/J '....J
-' '0 Thin Ilines b!, tat
~) Thin lines dlf<,1c b~t
Hinh chieu mau (View Templates)
View templates. chua cac quy d!nh tieu chuan cho hinh chieu. Revit co View Templates m~c djnh de b~m c6 the ap dl,lng cho hinh chieu va bc;m cGng co the t90 I~p nen hinh chieu m§u cho rieng mlnh voil nhung yeu cau d~c bj~t ve hinh chieu.
~
Hinh dl!.f'Oi day minh hQa hOp tho<;ii View Templates, du'<,1c bi;m kich ho~t tU' tuy chQn View TempJates tren thu'c don Settings.
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View Templates
VIJtlWTef~tes
Showtypa:
<til> v
Names:
Aretlltectural EJey~ Archltectur ,,1 Plan Architectural Reflected Celflrl9 Plan Architectural Section 5lI:e Plan Site section structural Fral1lt'l9 E!evatll)n 5tructLrai Franmg Plan Structural section
""--" lew propertie'i
Parameter Value • •.. ~
VIew SCale
DIsplay 1'1odel Detail Level II/G Overrides Model v/G Overrides Annotabon V/G Overrlde.s Import V(G OverrIdes FUters Model Graphics style Advanced Model Graphics Far dlpptf19 Phase Filter DIscipline
i~ '" 1'-0" '-"
Normal Coarse
--../[ Edit: . 1-:::--::- fait, •' r - Erit" I Elk , '-.,/
HrddenUne I Edit. , I No din Show Archft:ectural
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Chu'dng 6: Hinh chle'u cua c6ng tn'nh172 •
-.,/
'Tuy chQ'n cho view·templates
Sau k'hi b9n t90 dlfng mQt hlnh chieu, m~t bang be trl do d~lC, m~t bang thiet b) v~ sinh, hay m~t bang be trf di~n, de the hi~n c6ng tririllh, b9n c6 the tgO I~p' rinQt m§u vai ten rieng' de ap d~:Jrig cho bat cO' hl.nln chieu nao cua oong trinh. De lam dLr'Q'c di€U nay, b9n co the sUi d~llg tht/c ddn mhanl1 (Shortnit Menu) bang c-ac'h truy nnap tilt Project Browser.
Hinh du'oi day minh hQa cho cac tuy chQo cua View Templates.
~ , ... '-t"-lll
- Floor Plans jl Ground p-::::" - r;:;;;Rc Open Main FloC Main Roc FII'ld RefeHlng Views ...
Site T. O. Fro T.O Par. Apply View Template...
~ Ceiling PIam Ap~yD~a~tVewTemp~
+ 30 Views Create View Template From \fleW•••
+ Elevations (1,'
Huong d~n lam vj~c voi hinh cihieu
Nhli'ng thao tac Inen dung sau day se giup b9n lam vi~c voi hinh chieu c6 hi~U qua.
[0, Khi ,lam vi~c voi nhtr'ng hinh chieu ma b~n 'co Vdinh khai trien sau nay, b~m nen t90 mQt crop regi,on thea yeu cau va nen chot (pin) dl1O'ng baa hlnh chieu viw mQt V! br!. DielJ Ilay se ngarn. nglta vi~ bi;m vo tinh di chuyen du'ang bao clla hinh chieu.
Ba.n nen ta.o I~p cae lhlnh chieu chi tiet va bat oau vie ea,c ,chi tiet nay sat! khi thiet ke cua ba.n da khai tr;ien den mQt rrlllc dQ niw do, gitCIp b~n tranh vi~c phai ve Il?i khong can thiet.
• B~n ve cae than'h phan khac vao hinh chieu chU' 'l<Jhong V€ vaa bim ve (sheet). Khi bijln di ehuyen cac hinh chieu trong ban ve, cac thanh pnan nam trong hinh ehieu se tl/ dQng di chuY~ril voi hinh chieu. Dfeu nay se tiet kJi~m thai gian khi phail be el)C ban ve de in ra giay. 89n nen thlfong xuyel1 kiem tra cong vi~c bang hinh chjeu 3D. Ql:Ian sat hinh 3D giup b~n p'hat hi~n ra nhU'ng loi vo V, nhli'ng lSi I<hong khop hay nhLi'n,g '16i 'khac brong cong trinh.
Huang chieu m~c d!nh cua 3D se tro I~i vi tri ban dau lkhi bi;ln thoat kh6i Revit v;a khoi dQng I~i. Bi;Jn co the' tao l~p hinh chieu 3D cho mot ph~lril nao do cua eong trinh ma b~n can phai xem li;li nhi'eu ran va 111u 19i voi ten rH~lilg thich h<;1p. f)ieu nay giup b9n tiet ki~m
bho,j gian kh,i can phai kiem tra mQt phan :rnao do cua eong trinh trong giai do~n khai tr~en.
Trang hlnh chieu 3D, thee m~c Cfinh, ohU'c nang quay goe nhin (orbit) su dll\Jng tam ella c6ng trinh nhl1 la tam quay. 8qn co the quay g6c nhin eua mQt thanh ph~m d~c bi~t thil
b,;ln pMi 'chQn thanh phan do tru'oc va bat dau quay goc RhJn (orbit). Di€u nay se giup b9n duy tri dl1'<;1c g6e nhin trong qua trillh quay.
Bai: ,Quan If hiflh chieu • 173
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Bai t,p: Khao sat hinh ,chieu va hi~u chinh thuQc tinh hinh -/
chieu Trong bai t~p nay, bi;1n khao sat cae hlnh chieu khae nhau trong Project va hi~u ehin'h cae thuQc tfnh cua chung.
~n da thiet ke mQt trl;lm cU'u hoa.. B~m can phai quan 'sat cac hinh ehieu clIa c6ng trinh va thay doi eac thuQC tinn i(lJa chung de c6 dL1Qc mqt It tL10ng ro rang cua eong trinh.
B~lIi1 lam nhL1 sau: -..../
KhiiO sat cae hir\h chieu hi~ndi~n trong Project Browser.
Thay doi cae thupc tfnh eua hinh chieu.
Thay d6i sl! hi~1i1 di~n ella cae thanh phan trong hinh chieu.
Thay d6i the hj~n ella tL1ong.
i i
Holm tit bfti ~p
De ho~m tat bai ~p, theo cac bu'Oc trong quyen sach nay ho~e t~ong bai t~p tr~n man hihh. Trong danh saclil cae chu'dng va bal ~p tren man hinh, nhap vim Chapter 6: Vlewing the Building Model. Nhap vao Exercise: Explore V1ews and Modify V1ew Properties.
®
Bai tap hoim tat
'-"
.......,.
'--"
....."
Khao sat cae hinh chU!"u hi~n di~n trong P,roject Browser
1. M6' t~p tin Lfirestation_managing_ views. Nt ---../
hay m_firestation_managinfL VIews. rvt Hinh chieu 3D ella corng tliinh du'(1c hi~f1 len.
.......,I
2. Tren View toolbar, nhap viw SteeringWheels.
Chu y: Neu Steering Wheel xuat hi~n m~c
djnh h;li g6c dL10i phai alia cua so hinh chiew, de bat crau sU' dl,lng, nhap VaG
Steering Wheel de kkh hOi;lt no.
174 • Chutfng 6: Hinh eNell eua cong trinn -./
3. Trong Steeri'ng Wheel, nhap viw Pan, Zoom, va Orbit de xern hinfl chieu 3D,
4. Click out phai chuQt vao Steering Wheel de thay cac tuy chon. Nhap vim Options.
MinI Vlew Object. Wheel MInI TOU' BuiItn;J Wheel Mil'lIFtJ~Wheel -- -
Go Home Pit to Window Restore Or'9inal Cmel
Orient to VIew
Orient to a Plane, .. 5!Ive YIeW
Help•..
S. Trang hQp tho9i Options:
Chac chan ding the Steering Wheels dang hi~n ra.
Chu y cae phan di3 dl1<;1C chon.
us
'a Gl:'apI'C RIft lllClllJOr6 SPeIna steerrqWhee
lIlQ Wheel vtsQIIly
~snc...... Tool ~aoes (ANi<lys ON for Bas1c WIle.eIs)
21S1low T~ (Alwllys ON for Ba5lc: Wheels)
::JAlways Show the Pmed Wheelan ~
~~_Appear~ance___: Norn>aI v Opldy:
WheelA~MUl
SI2e: INonnoI :3 OplIciy: 1",_
Tool
o 1nveft Vtrtic:aI Axis
Tool
21 ConstT,*, WtJI: ~ Antje to Gromd Plane
~........... n
Nhap vao cancel.
6. Tn2n Design Bar, nhap vao [Modify"
7. D~.t con -chuQt tren phan la b~m (compass) cua Voiew Cube de cae chQ' kY hi~u huang doi mau.
8,. Nhap va giG" nut trai chuQt dong thai di chuyen chuQt. E>l'eUJ nay chi ql!Jay phang <::6ng trinh ma m~t oat khong di chuyen trong hinh chieu.
Chu y: ~n ding co the nhap vilo cae chU' ky hi~u hl10ng de hinh chieu theo 'dung hl1ang do.
9. E>~t con tr6 len bat CU' pnan nao oua khoi hlnh h9P ella View Cube. B,;ln c6 the dinh hu'dng chieul 0 mQt goe bang each nhap vilo phan tu'onQr U'lilg cua View Cube. Re (Dra9) 3D Orbit, nhan va, giG' phlm trai chuQt.
Chu y: 8~n 00 the nhap vao kY hi~u Home de tra I~i hinh chieu ban dau.
10. Trang Project Browser, du'di Views (All), Floor Plans, nhap dup vao Main Floor to de rna hinh thieu Main PJoor.
11. Tren thanh View, nhap vilo Zoom In.
BaJ:" Quan If hinh chieu • 175
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12. Trang cua so hinh chieu:
• Ve mot Ihinh chiJ nh~t chung quanh phan duoi eua c6n9 trinh de phong Ian.
17. Chu y mQt Ihinh ehieu mai co ten I'a' copy of Main lFloor x.uat hj~n 'trcmg Project Browser va cua so hlnh chieu,
@ Views (aln - FiooI Plans
Copy 01 Main Floor
GrOlJrld Roar Lower Roo! Main Floor M<l1flRooI Site T.D.Fooll'I9
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18. Trang Project Browser, Floor Plans:
du'di Views (AII)/
13.
14.
Chik chan rang ky hi~u m~t d3t ten Section 1, ChiN suot chieu dLtng cua ceng trinh.
Trang Project Browser, dlfoi Views (All), Sections (Building Section~, nl1ap vila Section 1 de kfch hOi;lt hinh chieu liIiW.
Oha<; chan rang dau hi~u trfcfn xuat nam a phfa phill oua ceng tdnh du'(1c d~t ten Itl Callout of Section 1.
19.
.Ol Nhiip nut phai chuQt VilO Copy of Main Floor. Nhap vao Rename.
Phfm. Name, nh~p vao Main Floor Furniture Plan.
Nhap vao OK.
Trang PrOject Browser, dLfoil Vliews (All), Floor Plans, nhap nut phai chuQt vaa Main 'Floor. Nhap vao Duplicate View > Duplicate with Detailing.
-..,.,I
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20. lL~p 1<;11 bl1c1C 18 de d~t 19i ten Copy of Main IFloor thimh Malin ,Floor - Annotated.
So 5anh Main FI'Om - Furniture Plan voi Main Roor - Annotated. Chu y cac kY hi~u
cua (tia eli, ctia so va phong thl thay dl1Qc trong iMa:in Floor - Annotated nhlJ'ng khong thay trong Main Floor - Furniture Plan.
21. Nhap vim Window tlE?n Menu > Tile de xuat hi~n tat c13 cae hinh chieu dang dl1Qc -
15. Trang cLia so hlnh chil~u, nhap nut phil! chu~t vao ky hi¢u trfch xuat, nhap vao Go to Vi€w ,de kich hO<;lt hlnh ehieu CaJlout of Section 1.
mo. .
Chit y; B<;In nhap vao cua sO hlnh chieu de klch hQ9t no.
-16. Trang Project Browser, duai Views (All),
Floor Plans, nha~p nut phai chuQt MaIn Floor. Nhap vao DlJp'licate View > Duplicate,
-...J
~
.-../
176 • Cht/dng 6: Hinh ehieu eua c6ng trinh
..-'
4. Tren View Control Bar, nhap vao Temporary Hide/Isolate > Isolate Category. MQt hinh chieu moi ehil co cae4. Ap dl,lng cae ruy ehQn khac eua Model ph'an da bi co I~p (Isolate Category), Graphics Style, quan sat cae h~ qua cho
den khi b~n trd 19i tn~ng thai Shading II nwith Edges.
5. Tren View Control Bar, nhap vaa Shadows > Shadows On de hi~n len bong nang.
=.;!> = u =
S. Tren View Control Bar, "lhap vao Temporary Hide/Isolate > Reset Temporary Hide/Isolate de tro l<;Ii tr<;lng thai hinh ehieu truoe do.
6. ChQn tuong bao ella khoi nha hanh chinh mQt I~ln nua.
Thay doi thuqc tinh cua hinh chieu
1. Trang cua s6 hinh ehieu 3D view, nhap vao Maximize. Hinh chieu 3D da du<;1e kieh h09t.
2. Phong Ion phan c6ng trlnh co mai doc.
3. Tren View Control Bar, nhap vao Model Graphics Style > Wireframe. The hi~n ehuyen qua che dQ khong che ehua't.
Chu y: Nut Shadows trenView Control Bar thay doi thea dieu ki~n moL
6. Tren View Control Bar, nnap vao Shadows > Shadows Off de tat bong nang trong hinh chieu.
Thay doi the hl~n eua thanh ph'an trong hinh ehieu
1. Trong Project Browser, duoi Views (All)! Floor Plans, nha'p dup viw Main Floor de kieh hOgt hinh ehieu nay.
2. Nhan lien tiep phfm Z roi F de hinh ehieu vua voi eua so hinh ehieu.
Chu y: ZF la phfm t~1t eua I~nh Zoom to Fit.
3. ChQn mot trong cae tuong bao ella khoi nha himh chinh nhu hinh ve.
sai: Qulm Ii hinh chieu • 177
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7.
8.
Tr.en View Control Bar, nhap vao "fempQrary Hide/Isolate > Isolate Efementr dg co l~p (isolate) but tLiong nay nhLf hlnh hLtang d§n.
==C1=CI=
Tliel1J View Control Bar, nhap vim TempoIGary Hide/Isolate > Reset T,empora'ry Hicre/Isolate. Hinh c:hieu trO' II~i
t~ng thai tniac do.
3.
4.
Tren View Control Bar, oha:p vilO Scale >. 1/8" ;;;: 1'-0''' (l : 100). Hinh c:hieu duQ'c tlj'd6.ng thu rnh6 de lam day man hililh.
Pthong ton khu VVc v~ sInh nam. Ghu y cac kfch co ella cac ghi chu va ky hi~u
't'hay d6'i tuy tmeo tV I~ the hj~n ella hinm chieu.
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.........,
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Thay dai each the hi~n ciJa tu'ongl
1. Tren View toolbar:
Nhap vilO Zoom In.
Nhap va re chUQ~ de ve mo.t hinh chQ' nh~t chung ,quanh khu vl/c v~ sinh nam d Igoc tren tra'j ella toa nha phla du'oi de phong Idn khu vl/e nay nhl1 hinh huang d§n.
5.
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Dong ~p tjn ma khonQi can lu'u.
'..../
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'r;;;f---- .,-------------------,. ..
~
..........
c
c
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2. Tren Wew Control l3ar, nhap vao Model Graphics Style > Shadring with Edges Trong danh sach ewa Model Graphics Style. TL10ng trong Ihinh chieu se xuat hi~n
vai bong bim than nhLt hinh ve.
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118 III Chl/dng 6: Hinh chi€'u roa cong tn'nh
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Bai: f>ieu hien"sli•
hie• Ie cua v
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Tong quan
Bllil hQc nay mo tit phLfdngJ philp dfeUi ikhien sl/ Ai~n di~n va ukhi the hi$n clIa cac thanh ph'an tfong cae hinh c:hieu kh,k nhau. :Bi;Jn bat elau b~i hoc bang phan (iUY dinh sl/ hi~n di~n cua v~t
tile, Ke tiep, bCj}n hQC eacn Stf 'dl,Jn91 cong OJ IQe theo y muon, cac bu'oe de 511 dl:Hilg ceng CI,J IQc (filter) trong m9t do an, va cae thaa tae nen dung de dieu khien slj hl~,n di~n ella v~t the. Bai hQC dUQc Ke:t thue bang mQt bai t~p voi IlQi dung dieu khien sl/ hi~n di~n cua cae v~t the.
Bangl cach dieu khien SI/! hi~n di~n clia v~t the, b~n e6 tche quy d!nh v~t the naa dLfcjc hi~n di~n trong mQt hinh chieu naa do. EJieu nay glu,p bt;ll"\, t~p trun91 vaa nhU'ng thanh phan d~c
bi~t de e6 mQt bo Cl,lC nhu' It muon. vJ dl,J, b,;!n c6 the bo q.lC mot hinh ehieu m~t bang ao dqc bang each dau ali nhiJngl tlnanh ph"an khac nhu'ten chut nang clIa phong.
Hinh du'oi day minh hQa mQt mi;it bang san voi sl/ hi~n di~n va bien mat eua do dqC va i<Y hi~U cua.
~
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2
U Mi;it bang san c6 sl/ hi~n di~n cua do d9c va ky hi~UJ eua
Mi;it bang sim khong co sl/ h~n di~n ella ao dqc va kY hi~u cU'a
M\lC th~u
Sau khi hoan tat [b,3i hQc m3Y1 bi;lTil c6 the:
Hieu alJqt cac quy dinh ve sl! hi~n di~n clIa v~t tine.
Hi~u chinn kieu netve de dieu khh~n each the hl~fl eGa v~t the dang hi~n di~n>
Hieu du'Q'c cong ey: IQc theo It muon ..
SLt dl,mg cong Cl,) IQc (filter) trong mQt do an.
Xac dinh cac thaa tac nen dung de dieu khien 51/ hl~n di~n cLla v~t the. Oieu khien sl/ hien di~n ella v~t t/ile.
Sai: Dieu khien sl!hif}n di~n cua v~t the' • 179
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C:ae quy'4inh ve 51! the hi~n ,eua v~t the Revit dieu khien 51/ bhe hi~n oJa d)ng IT'inh b&c cac thanh phan (component), toim bQ v~t the brong. cung mQt tlilu' mL,JC (object category), va cac hinh chieul. B~n co the di'eu kllien 51/ the hi~n cua ~t the trong mQt Ihinh chieu de trinh bay v~t, the theo n'hfrng each rU~ng bi~t. B~n. co the quy gjnh rieng :bi~t ve the hi~n hay ap dl:mg quy d,inh cua nhU'ng hinh chieu rn§u de dieu khien the hi~n cue v~t the se nhu' the nao trQng hinh dhieu. B~m co' the qUc3n Iy Sif xuat hi~n cLila cac thanh ph"tm cung nhu' kjeu net Ve. B~n cling co the hi~U chinh, cae hlnh chieu bang each 5U dl:mg cong qJ IQc (filter).
H9P tho~i Visibility /G,raphic Overr,i'des
B~n SI! d\,Jng IhQp tho9i Visjbility/Graphic Overrides de dieu khien cach the hi~n va 5'1/ xuat ihi~n cua cong trinh, cU.a ghi chu, cua nhQ'ng hlnh imh dU'c;le nh~p vao, cua cae kieJ1 Iket vai t~p tin Revit, cua ca.c thanll phaJ1 trong- moi tnanh v'iE~n cua nhom thiet ke eho moi ihinh dhieu. Su dl;Jng hQp thQ~i nay, bi;ln quan Iy hinh chieu cho moi ml,lc dkh sU' dl,JnQi khac rnhau, n'hu' m~t bang b6 trf do di;lC, m~t bang thiet bi va m~t bang phGng chay chua thay.
Bi;ln thay doi nhfrng quy dinh the hi~n CU{J, hinh chieu dang du'Q'c ,klCh :ho~t trong hQp tho~i Visibility/Graphics Overrides, ndi co dl'ua nhQ'ng the (tab) model (v~t the) cate.gories, annotation (ghi chu) categories, imported (nhung t~p tin dl1<;1c nh~p vao) categorIes, va fillters (cae be? IQC). The cho Cac t~p tin Revit lien ket se xuat hl~n khil do ~n du'qc lien ket Oink) voi mQt t~ptin Revit khi3c, va mot the worksets (ph8rn vi~c cua m6i thanh vien trong nhOm thiet ke mQt dif an) S8 xuat hi~n khi, workset CIa ou'Qe thanh I~p .
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H9P tho<:li Visibility/Graphics Overrides
Sit d~ng Visibility Overrides bing Element, Category/Subcategory, va Filiter
Brim c6 the chQn rTlQt thanh phan trong hinh chieu va SI! dl,mg llhCIngi tuy chQIi1 dieu khien trong Shortcut Menu, hay IQc chuli1g W hinh chieu voi cong Ct,l IQc tuy theo ymuan. Hinh du'ai day minh hQa Hide in View va Override Graphics trong tuy chQn Vljew options trong Shortcut Menu.
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180 • Chu'dng 6: Hinh chieu aJa a5ng trinh
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Override Graphics trong iUy c.t1Qn cua V,iew SI? tnuy d~m den cac h9P thoi;li Visibility Graphic Overr,ides va View- Specific Element Graphics. SLt dl,Jng cac 'hQP th091nay, bi;ln co the dau (khong oho xua't hi~n) v~t the, the hi~J11 du'oi d~ng mo, hay the hi~n nhung ttrong suet. BQIl
c6 the thay doi dQ day, mau sac, I09i net cua net ve, mau va ky lni~u v~t n~u cua cac m~t.
0Y1sib\e oHalftone o Transparent
~ PrOJt:ctIOfl L,r,es
eight: <By Ob)eCt Style> v
Color: o <By Object style> I Pattem: <By ObJeCt Style> ",v G··
BSufo!ll_e Po!ltterns
o VISible
CoIof: D <By Materia!> I Po!lttem: <By Material> vO
~ [ Cante!
HOp tho~i View-Specific Element Graphics
Transparency (trong suot)
Bqn su dl,mg Transparency chi de the hj~n cac (9nh ella rnQt v~t the hay nhieu v~t the cung thLf m\,Je. K"hi mQt v~t the du'Q'c transparent (trong suot), ehi co cae C9nh dl1c;1c bhe hi~n trang Ihlnh chi'eu. cae tMnh phan nam sau hay nam dual eua v~t tf1e trong suot aeu dU'Q'c nhin thay.
OverF,iding Host Layers
~n khong the dieu khien st! Iilie,n die.1il eua cae C9nh cat trong cach host layers (cae lop lam chu) trong m~t bang va m~t cat. Ok Host, nhCfng noi rna b~n cO the the' hi~nl Ian at (override)~ la hiong, mai, san va tran. Cae overr,id'es nay tuy tlhuQc vao rnU'c dQ the hi~n chi tiet cua hinh ehieu. Khi b9n bo trl overrides tren 'cac ~6'p eua tl1ong, cae overrides nay se xuat hi~n a muc: de> the hi~rl chi tie't Medium hay Fine.
.Bik Dieu khien st!hi~n di~n eva v~t the' • 181
Hinh du'Oi day minh hQa mQt tLiang c6 khung xU'dng.
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Hinh chieu thea tieu chuan the hi~n cac :Iop 'hoiln thi~n trong va ngoai
Hinh chieu voi overrides t<;lO net milnh eho lop hoan thi~nr va k~p d2lY cho lop chiu Ilfc.
Object Styl'es (kb~U the hi~" cua v~t the)
B~n sur dl,Ung I~nh Object Styles de the hj~n theo m~c djnh dQ day cua net ve, mau ella net, Lo~i net, va v~t !Ji~u cho cae nhom thanh phIm khik nhaUI cac ghi chu, cae thanh ph'fm dLi~c
li\h~p vao. Cae dinh di;mg c~a kieu the hj~n dieu khien slf the hi~n CLta v~t the trang tat ca cac hinh chieu va ca override au'9c quy dinh trong mQt 'hlnh chieu d~(' bi~t rdm do.
T,emporary Hide/Isolate (diu/cO I~p t~m thai)
L~nh Temporary Hide/Isolate t~m thai thay doi eaeh the hi~n ella v~t the du'9C chQn rrong mQt hinll chieu. B9n sU' dl,Jng I~nh nay khi lDan muon thay hay bien t~p chi mQi vai thanh phan naC) do trang, hinh c1hieu. L~nh chi tac dong deri) eae v~t the' trang hinh ohieu hi~n Ihanh,.
Khi: b~n thoat khoi I~nh nay, cae v~t the du'c;1c ehon vSn bi dau di va ky hi~u Temporary Hide/Isolate tren View Control Bar co, mau do. B~lil co ~he phl,Jc hoi tinh tr~ng cli hay lam eho cae thanh phan bi Hide/Fsolate hf~n d'i~n thu'ong xuyen tro I~i, lue nay ky hi~u co mau trang, Cae thanh phan da bi anh huang bdi I~nh nay se tra Ii;l.i nhl1 eli neu nhLi dong t~p tin l;;li, ngo~i tni khi bqn quy djnh ache d9 Permanent. NhU'ng thay doi du'~c thlfC hi~n ba.ng I~nh Temporary Hide/Isolate se khong xuat hien trong bim ve khi in ra. -
Reveal Hidden Elements (lam xuat hi~n I.,i cae v{lt the di bi dau Idi) '-'
B~n co the I~m xuat hi~n trol !~i cac vat the dli bi dau di bang each sU' dl;mg tuy c:b1Qn Reveal Hidden Elements tren Vljew Control Bar. Reveal Hidden Elements la, rnQt cbng qJ, b~t tat de chi r6 duang bien cu'a cae v~t the da bj dau ai, Bi;lll co the chQn nhU'o'g v~t the nay va' lam cho chung xtla't hi~n bra 1C;3'i.
View Templates (hinh chie'u m~l!I).
M'Qt hinh chleu m§u la mC)t t~p hc;1p ,co ten va bao gam thuQe tfnh ella mQt hlnh ehieu nhLf tV '-'I~ hinh ohieu, ·cae t'lLiong chieu, mtic dC). the' hi~n chi tiet va cck quy d[nh ve the hi~n chung
cho mQt IOqi hlnh ,c;hieu nhl1 hln'h cnieUi m~t bang, hinh chielLJ m~t dUng. Bi;ln Slf dl;Jn.g thinh ehieu mau de ap dl..mg cho mQt so quy dinh v'e thuQc tinh cua mQt hinh chieu d~e bj~t nao -.....-/
do. Vi dl,l, b<;tn t'90 l~p mi;>t hinh ehieu mau vail cac thuQc tinn d~c bi~t de trinh bay hlnh ehieu m~t bang be td do d9(, bi;m SU' dl,lng hinn chieu mau nay eho hinh chieu moi. :B~n co the tieu chuan hoa cae the hJ~n cua cae hinh elnieu trang m(>t dlf an bang cach tao lap m(>'t hinh ehieu '-m~u va ap dl;Hlg no cho n'hieu hinh ctilieu cung m<)tr Ilk.
Hinh ehieu ella d\!. am va hjnh ehieu mau khong lien ket nhau. Khi rnQt tilinn ehieu mau thay dai, tat ca cae hinh chieu t<;lO I~p tlf hinh ehieu mau se khong b/ Oon91 c~p i111l~t. B~n ~n ap dl,Jng li;li hinh chieUi m~u nay de c~p nh~t cae thay dO'i.
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182- Chu'ang 6: Hinh chieu cua c6ng trinh
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Ap dl;lngl va t"o I~p cae View Template
B(;ln eo the hiu :mQt hinh chieu maUl t'll ImQt 'loi~,i h.lnh ehieu va ap d'llng no (ho Cae hillh chiell khac. vi dl,l, neu b9n hiu mQt hinh ehieu mSu tU' m¢t hinh ohi:eu m~t bang, bt:m eo bhe ap dl;mg no cno hinh chieu 3D. M~e du thu9C ~rnh View Range {dQ sau clla 'hinh chieu) chi ap dung cho hinh cbjeu m~t bangJ san va hinh cnieul m~t bal1g tran, hinh cilieul mau van dLlc;c ap dl;mg cho hlnh e'hieu 3D qua cae thuQc tinh da dV<;1e ap d'l,lrrlg trong hinh chieu m~t bang sfm va hinh chieu m~t bang tran.
Hinh dl1di day minh hQa mQt Shortcut Menu trong Project Browser ma bqn c6 the' SU' dvng de tgO '~p hay ap dl;mg mqt hJnh chieu mau tll hinh chieu hi~n huu.
Apply \f18W Template...
Apply Default \/lew Template
Create View Template From View••.
Dupkate VIew
Hh~u chinh kieu net y,. Ban co the Stf dl)ng 1l9P thO<;ii Vi'sibilltyjGraphic Overrides de hi~u chlnh k,ieu net enu m9t thLi ml,lc ella v~t the trol1g hinh chieu ella cong tnirnh. Khi bqn hi~u ohinh :kieu net vel bqn co 'the thay doi ehieu day, mau sac, IOc;li net ve.
B(:In co the thay dci kieu net ve bang each su dl,lng Ih9P thoc;li Line Styles co the thay trang phiHil Setting cua thanh Menu. 'Bqn cOng co the thay doi kieu net v€ d(:ll!lg du'~c Slf dl,lng trong m(>t v~t the bang cAch sU' dl,lng Object Styles, tll cot Setting CLta thallh Menu.
Quy trinh: H,i~u ,chinh [net vi! trong mQt hinh chieu
NhUng bu'ac sau day se mq ta each hi~u chinh cac k,ieUi duang clitielJ trong mQ't hinh chieu.
1. Nhap vao View menu> Visibility/Graphics de rna h(>p ~hQqi Visibi'lity/Graphic Overrides.
2. Trong h9P tho1;lil Visibi.lity/Graphic Overrides, the M'odel Caregor,ies, dttoi Projection/Surface, cQt IUnes, nhap VaG Override cho thu' m~c Model de Imo hQp tho~i line Graphics.
3. Trang h(>p'thoqi Line Graphics, nhap vao the Color de rna Ih9P thoi;li Color.
4. Ch<;m hja mau cho net ve trong h9P thoi?; Color.
5. CilQfl IOqi lIlet ve trong danh sac'h drop-down (xc xu6ng).
Bai: Dieu khien sVh,~n di&n cua v~t the • 183
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Khai',quat vi bQ IQc theo Vng'lloj sit dlPlQ (User-Defined Filters)
Be) IQC ttleo ynguoi SI1 dl,mg (User-defaned filters) tho phep nguoi; sU' dl:mg nh6m nhieu thanh phan th.arnh me)t to Ihl;ip. Bc:Hl co the sU'dl:mg user-defined filters de tahg t6c: qua trinh thay doi cach the hi~n cua mQt hinh chieu hay t90 I~p cac oieu khiell slj th~ hi~n 6,ia cae thanh phan (0 chung nhlIng d~c: tinh nan do.
Definition of User-Defined Filters
MQt user-defined filter (he) 'IQc tlneo y ngl10i SI1 dl,lng) la me)t quy 'L(OC rna bi;lIil c6 the ap dl,lng oho mQt hinh chieu de rtr/nh biw nhU'ng v~t the khac nhau. User-defined filters cung cap mQt phuong each ghi de ,ll§n cae the hi~n hinh hQC va dieu 'khien sl/ the hi~,n eua ,cae v~t the e6 chung cae thl!JQc trnh trong m9t hinh chieu.
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T~o t~p b9 IQc (Filter) biing Category
BQn Slf dl,lng hQp t.hoQi Filters, nam trong OQt Settings cua thanln menu, de t~o l'~p cac bQ IQc chua rnQt hay nhi'eu thL1 ml,lc thal1h phan, Ca,c tham bien oho nherng thL( m't,Jc nay nam trong be) quy lioc cCla bQ IQc (filter). Vi dl,Jl, bc.m c6 the quy lioe eho mQt b(> fQc elJaJ Wong chong chay '-'" baa gam tat ca cae tuong, c6 kha nanQl chju dl/ng dliQC chay tr.ong mQt khoang thai gian nhat Qijnh nao d6,. Sau khi bi;ln ti;lo l~p bQ IQc, bi;ln e6 the ap dl:Jng chung eho cae hinh chieu trong hQp thoQi Visibility/GraphiCs Overrides.
QUy djntl sL/ the hi~n (Visibility) cho bQ IQc (Filter)
Khi, Gk bQ IQc dliQc ap dl,lng clna cac hlFlh chieu, B9n c6 the quy o!nh sl/ the hi~n de len cho moi bo IQc. Trang VI au vU'a rai, rnQt bQ 19c tL1ang chong chay fi'lter dliQ'c quy o!nh trong mQt ...hinh e!lieu de brinh bay tat cae tliang n~a.y voi mQt~OQ day net ve va mau sac rieng bi~t nao d6.
Examples of' User-Defined f-ilters
Cdtegoroes filter Rule $
I ....J -Select one or more categorIeS to be BIter by: Fire Rating ..,1 GJ
Included 10 the filter, Parameters -common to these categories will be - ..,IS greater thanava~able for defimg filter n.di3.~.
..,.DSpecialty EQlJIpment A 1 houri Dstairs
I "-'Dstructural Be3m Systems and: (11<lne) ~GJI DSt:ructural Columns OStructlJral Foundations
Ostructural Frarnlrl9 DTopogr~hy
.., I ......,.;
0 Dwrnows
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~84 • ChlfC1ng 6: Hinh chleu eva c6ng trinh
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Categorie:> Fiter RuIe-s
-Select one or more categorieS to be indJded in the filter. Parameters common to these categorIes will be available for defining filter rules.
E.lII:er by; Level
-equals --
";1[] -v
-DCurtain Panels A Main Floor v
DCurtai1 Systems Dcurtab'l Wall Mulflons L[ I 8ndr (none) ";10 DDetailll:ems 0Doors DElectrical Equipment DElectncal FIXtures oFasdas DFloor Area Face ..,
Loc cac ilia tren mot tang cGa cang trinh
Cdl:eg':Xles Alter Rule5
Select one or more categories to be induded In the filter. Parameters ronrnon to the5e categories wig be available for deflfllng Filter rufes.
Eiler hi; -
Wattage - --
is greater than
Iv [J ..,
Dcurt&n5~e~
DcurtaJn Wall Mull"lOns DDetatlltems DDoors 0Electrlcal Equipment oElectrical fixtures DFasdas DFloor Area Face ,.....,FJ......r.
A
!inch
3000
(none)
v
"viC]
LQC cae thiet b! dien va cd khi co yeu cau ve di~n han 3000 watt
Su dl:lng bQ IQc (Filters)
B~m su 'dl:Jn9 bQ IQC de dieu klhien sL/ hi~n. di~n cua v~t the trol1g hlnfl chieuco hi~U qua. B9n c6 the sit dl,mg cat tham bien d~L bi~t da gan cho cae v~t the d~ quyet dinh hinh bhl1C the hi~n cua chung tronQl hinh chieu.
Quy trinh: TiliO li~p cae bQ 19C
NhG'ng bU'oc sau day mE> ta each sLr' dllng cae bQ IQc.
1. Nhap VaG Settings menu> Filters.
2. Trang h9P tho~j :Filters, nhap viw New.
........... Bai: Dieu khi8'n Sf/' hi~n di&n eua v~t the' • 185
3. Trong hOp th 0<;3 i FJilter Nam, nh~p ten cho bQ IQc.
4. Trol1g hop tho~i Filt€rs, dlfoi Categories, chQn IiTlQt ho~c nhie,u thlf ml,]C ella v~t the. '-.../
5~ Trang hOp thoi;li Filters, dlfOI Filter Rules, chi dinh nhCr1ng nguyen tac de IQc tu danh sikh ella Filter By.
Chu y: Khi bSln chQn mot tham bien, danh sach cae nguyen t~k IIQc moi h09t dong. Bi;1n co the t.;lO II~p den ba ml1( nguyen t~k. IMQt v~t bhe pM) ap dl,mg ta~ ca cac nguyen tae mol dl1Qc IQc. -J
6.Mo hQp trh09i Visibility/Graphics eho hinh ohieu ma bi;1n muon thay doi.
7. Trren the Filters:
Nhap viw Addl.
.. Trong hOp thoi;lll Add Filters, ctwn mot hay nhieu be) IQc.
Chu y: 'B9n cling co the \:90 I~p mot bQ IQe moil bang each nhap vilO Edit/New.
8,. Trong hOp thogi Visibility/Graphics Overr'ides, chQn net v€ ma b9n muon bO IQc se ve de len.
.,.. oo,.. ., .A A.~ .....,/HILiangl d~n cho vi~c kit! 50at 51! len Ie cua vat the.. . .
Ban: hieu chinh each the hi~n ella duang net de dieu khien st! f1i~n dj~n clIa cae thanh trang, mot hinh chieUJ. Nh01ng thao tc3c toi uu SalJl day giUp b9n diew khi€t'i! sl/ hi~n di~n (;,l~a v~t the.
'-'"
T90 I~p nh[Jng kh~1J net v€ ,rieng hay tihay doi nhCfng m~e djnh eua kieu /let ve trong hop tlhoi;3i Line Styles. Nhu'og kieu net rna, b90 t;;to ll~p trong hOp tho~i co the SU' dVng eho toa-n bQ eae v~t the trong mQi Ilinn chieu va b9n co quyen II/a chQn khi nnQ'ng k:ieu net m~e d!nh khong phu Ihgp voi yeu cau cua b~n. 0Ap dl:lng nhO'nQi 'kieu net ve rieng hay 911 dl,]ng nhftng kieu filet ve rfi~e d!nh. {)ieu nay ~o I~p' nhtrngl quy djnh m~c djnh xuat hi~n CJ tat ea cae hinh chieu va se nhanh hon vi~c thay ........,;
doi tnuflc tfnh ella tung hinh ehieu.
Ti:m I~p nhungl ve de net cho cae kieu net ve co anh huang tO~Hil bO (global) tren mi;Jt ~hu' ml,]c hay tren nen v~t the banQl each sU' dl,]ng hop thoe:ti Visibility/Graphics hay Shorteut -' Menu. Di@u nay giUp bc~m eo the thay dol mQt hinh eilieu d~e bi~t phu ht;1p voi yew cau.
'"
HQc cach Revlt t~.o I~'p nhulilg v~t the' phlie t~p nhu' eau ti;l.O cua tu'ang chiu Il/e de tiet ki~m thai gia_1il khi b.;lfi1 muon hi~u chInn SI! the hi~n clla m~t bang hay m~t cat pnu hgp val cac tieu chuan ve do hQa. Kien thue ve t90 I~p v~t the rat ql:Jan tn;mg vi SI! hi~n di~n cua cae lop trong tuang, san, mai va tran dl!a tren cae I:<ieu net ve t9i hinh chieu hay cac c<;lnh bi cat, net khuat, cae cgnh chung, hay net ella chi tU:ong,
Dung cae net ve de len/ net v€ co sac dQ IFIh9t, b'ong suot, va muc dQ the hi~n chi tiet ella cae v~t the tJiong hinh chieu de to (hue each the hi~n eua nhO'n9 thanh ph~m khilC
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nhau.
Ap dl,lng nhGing thay doi trong hOp tho~i Visibility/Graphic Overr,ides tnfoc khi dong n6 19i. Vieu tranh s€, ngan Ingua vi~e rna I~i hop thoai Visibility/Graphic Overrides nhieu Ian khi b9n phai thU' nghi~m nhltng thay doi ella hinh chieu. _/
-.J Chl/(fng 6: Hir;h ehieu eva e6ng tn'nh 186 •
..........
Bai t~p: f),ieu 'khien sl! hi~n dif}n ella v~t the
Trang bai t~p nay, bi;ln (Jleu khit~n sl/ hi~n di~n ella cae v~t the trong mot hinh chieu.
B~ln can giam bot sl! nhan mc::mh cae cau truc ceng trinh ella mQt trc;lm cU'u hoa. Dong thbi b~;m cCrng muon nhafl m<;lnh cae do d<;lc ellal tre;tm cU'u hoa trang hinh ehieu nay.
Bcm Ilam nhLi saul:
~, Thay doi nhung quy d!oh ve the hi,~n.
Tl;IO l~p va ap dl,mg mot hinh chieL!l mau.
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Bai tap hoan tat
Hoim tit bili t~p 3.
De hQim tat lbai t~p, thea cae bl1dC trong quyen sach nay ho~c trong bai ~p tren m~n hinh. Trong danh sach cae onl1dn9J va bi:!i t~p tren man hinh, nhap viw Chapter 6: Viewing the Building Model. Nhap vao Exercise: Control Object Visibility.
4.
Thay doi nhung quy eJjnh ve the hi~-"
1. Mo t~p tin Lfirestation_ vislbillty.rvt hay m_firestatio17_ vislbility.Nt T~p th11 dl1Q'C rna vai hinh ehieu Ground Floor.
2-. Nhap vao View menu> Visibil'itv/Graphics.
liirang hOp thoc;li Visibility/Graphic Overrides, ~he Model categories, dl10i Visibility:
~ X6a hop chQn Furnibure'.
.. Nhap v~w OK.
Trang cU'a so hjnh ehieu, chac: c!nan rang cae thalilh phan do d~c nhu' ban ghe, cae tu ho sd, cae bO g!ne ban'h khong con 'hj~n
di~1il trern hiinh chh~u Ground Floor nCi'a.
lflce
~ Office II Office
I 105 I I 103 I
8ai: Dieu khien Sf;' hi~n di?n cua v~t the • 187
S. Trong Projel 2. Nhap OK de d6ng hop thoi;li Floor Plans: Visibility/Graphic Overrides. Ket qua cua 51!
di€u chinh hinh chi€u Iia cae tMnh phanNhap nut phil:i chuQt vao Ground -kien true lam nen trd nen nhat di va cae doFloor. Nhap Duplicate View >
Q9C dLf<;1c the hi~n bang nhij1~g net ve d~mDuplicate with Detailing,.
mau. ..J .. Nhap nut phai chuQt viw Copy of
Ground Ploor. Nhap v,ao Rename. ,:j H~-~ ~
-../~ - D6. Trang hOp tho9j R,ename View: o PC
tI H~~ 0 EE3
Nh~p Grolilnd Floor-,Furniture Plan.
Nhap, vao OK. o 'e;!. 7. Nhap vao bat CtJ Jildi dau trong eU'a s6
hinh chieu" Nhan hai ph[m V,G de mo hop thogil Visibility/Graphic Overrides.
T~o I~p va ap d~ng mQt hinh chieu 8. T~ong hOp tho<;li Visibility/Graphic m~u (View T~mplate)
Overrides, the Model Categ,ories, dLfoi L Nhap vilO View menu > Create ViewVis'ibility, eh9n hOp Furniture. Oieu nay
Template brong View.lam cho cac do d~c xua't hi~n trCi I<;lL
2. Trong hQp tlhQ<;3i New View Template: 9. Dlioi Halftone, ditnh dau ch9n trong cClc hOp sau: Phan nam€, nh~p ,Furniture layout. '-
Curtain Panels 'Nhap vao OK.
Curtain Syst€ms 3. Trang hOD tho'!li View Templates: Curtairn Wall Mullions Chul yden View Properties, Doors DLfOi View Pmperties, nhap vao IEdit Floors trOng. 6 gia trl eua V/G Overrides Railings Model. HOp tho~i Visibility/Graphic
OverrJdes se rna. ra va b9n thay sl/ thaySpecialty [Equipment dojl mau nh<;lt rna IbCiln dij, tlnljc h'i~n.
~ Stairs Nhap vao OK de d6ngt hop thoCi\i.
Structural Columns 4. Trong Project Browser, dl10i Views (All),Walls -.....,/
Floor Plans:Windows
Nhap nut pMi chuot vao Main Floor. 10. Trong hOp tho<;li Visibility/Graphic Select Duplicate View > DU,plicate. with
Overrides, nhap vao the Annotation Deta'iling.categories.
f)~t lail ten, Copy of Main Frloor thanh '-./
11. X6a tmng h9P c:h9n Show Annotation Main 'FloOf-Furn.ituf Plan. categories trong hinh chieUi nay. Nha'p vao OK.
~
15. Trang Project Browser, dLfoi Views (AH), Floor Plans, chik ch~n rang Main FloorFurniture Plan la hinh chieu dil dtiQ'c kfch hOi;lt.
6. Nhap vao View menu > Apply View Template.
.-../
188 • Chl/dng 6: Hinh ehieu eva cong trinh
7. Trong hqp tho<;li Apply View Template:
Ch(;m Furniture Laym:lt de ap dl)ng hinh chieu mau Furniture lLayout cho hinh chieu nay.
Apply View Template
TemDld:es
Show type:
Roof, StllJdural, Area Plans I v
Names:
Archjtect1Jl'aI Plan fulitu(o Lay() .. SIte Plan structural Framing Plan
Nhap viw OK.
Hinh chieu dl1Q'c c~p nh~t vol do d~c
dliQC the hj~n bang net ve d~m, kh6ng co ghi chu, va cac thanh phan nen co net ve nhi;lt.
8. Dong t~p tin rna tkhong c::an \.t.Jiu.
Bi1l:' Dieu khien 51/hi~n di~n eva v~t the • 189
.-'Bai': [Lam vi~c v,oi m,~t dung va atca•
-...../
,....'Tong quan
Bai hQc nay mo tea each ~() l'~p va hi~u chinh m~t dunQi va m~t cat. Bi;ln bat dau bai hQc v6i pha.n hQC ve hlnh chietl rn~t dU'ng va hlnlll e;hieu m~t cat. Ke tiep, 09n hQc cac thao t~k nen dung de t~o I~p cae hinh c'hieu nay. Bai hQc dlfc;1C ket thuc bang mot bar t~p co nQi dung ve vr~,( t~o I~p va hi$u chinn m~t dUng va m~t cat. Bi;ln t~o l~p mot m~t cat de' trinh b~W mot phan cat dQc cGa cong, trinh. Bi?t1 co the t90 I~p net - cat trong m~t bang, m~t d~rlg va hrnln chieu cae chi biet. B~n t90 I~p mot m~t dling de trin'h bay m~t ngoai cua ceng trinh. Bcm cling dung m~t dung de va cae cao trinh va bo tri them cac thanlh phan khck eua eeng trinh.
NhO'n91 hinh dlidi day minh hQa mot m~t c~tt va mot m~t dling eua mot eang trinh,
-....../
- ~~ ~~ IJIU H~ ,/ "'~ ~
~ .. ....
M~t dlrng
...../
Sau ,khi hoan thlanh bai IhQe na,y, b~m c6 the:
HieUi dLiQC nhITng d~c truing cua l1t1<)t m~t cat .. HietJ dt1t;1c rnhQ'ng d~c truing cua mot m~t dung.
Xc)c d!nh cae thao tae nen dung khi tgO I~p cae hinh chieu n~at dh va m~t dU'ng.
Ti;lO l~p va, l1i~u chlnh cae; m~t cat va' m~t dUng..
'-"
~
M~t cat
Muc- tieu.
-.J
190 • Chl/dng 6: Hinh chie.u eva c6ng trlnh
'--'
,Khai ua e mat cat.
18c;m sli dl,Jng m~t cat de thay dltQ'c cac cao dQ eGa cong trin'h theo chieu dUng tren mQt lhinh p'hang. B~n co the tach mQt m~t cat thanh cae: nhieu do~n. Bi;ln oGng co the rni;>t m~t cat tham chieu cho die hinh chieu dang co.
f)~nh ng'hia ve m~t c~t
M'~t cat ili3 rnQt lat cat ngang c6ng trinh rna bi;ln aa be tri banQi each ve mQt du'ong thang. Hinh ohielJl t<;li I'at cat nay dl1.<;1t quy U'oc la mQt hinh eJlieu m~t dlt.
MQt m~t cat d3t ngang c6ng trinh de cae thanh phan nQi that trong net cat du'<;1c nhin thay. Co ba hili mijt c_at: e6n9' trinh, tliong va chi biet. iM~t cat (ong trlnh va, tliong xua"t hi~n trong Project Browser. 'MQt hinh chieu chi tiet xuih hi~n nht1rla m~t cat chi' tjet (detail section). ~n
co the ~o I~p rm~t cat tLt cae hinh ohieu m~t bang, m~t dUng! va ehi tiel.
Cae' phan do~n trong hinh chieu m~t cait
Bc;ln co the tach mot hinh ehieu tJnanh nhieu dO<;ln 06 goc chieu trung vo,i hu'ong chfeu. Bi;1n su dl,Jng cae phan dO~ln nay de trinh di~n cac phan d cae khoang cach khac nhal!J trong mQt c6ng trinh. B~n khong can phai tc;1O ra nhleu m~t dlt rieng I:>i~tr cho moi doc;ln. VI dl,l, de co mQt m~t d3t trlnh bay phan ngoai, rnQt ph,all ella m9t can ph6ng, mQt pharn ella can phong khik, b<;ln tach net cat thanh nhieu dO<;ln nhli hinh ve.
1
Phan dO<;ln trong hinh chieu m~t bang
M~t d3t
Cac tham chleu troog cae hinh chieu m~t c~t
Cae m~t cat tbam chieu la cae m~t cat dang tham chieu voi mQt hinh chieu hi~n hU'u. Bi;ln co the b6 td cac thanh phan tham chieu nay trong cae hinh cbieu m~t b~ing, m~t dung, m~t cat, chi, tiet, trich d:O<;ln. Thanh phan tham cllieu co the tham chieu cae hinh chieu mat cat, trich d(}<;ln ella m~t cat, va chi Uet. Khl b911 bo tri them m<)t thanh phan tham ehieu, mQt hinh chieu mol se 'kh6ng du'g'c t90 l~p.
Kh6ng c6 rnQt tham bien naG 'lien h~ Q'iifa thanh phan tham chiew v~ hinh clhielJ tham chieu. Do do, khi b~n djnh l~i kfcil co rnQt dlfong cat clla thanh phan tham ehieu, no khong anh huang' den vUl1g dit ella hinln tharTl chieu.
BJi: Lam vi~c vd! m.ft cat IVa m~t cJtJng • 191
--
Slm
-../
'-'
...
-.....,.
'-'"
MQt thanh phim tham chieu dt/Cl tren m(lt phan hi~n hii'u
5\1' hi~n di~n kY hi~U! lilt cat (Section Tag Visibi_lity) eua cae hinh ehieu m~t cat Ky hi~u m~t cat (section tag), baQ' gom mOl ten cat, dl10ng d3t, va ky hi~u be gay, la nhG'ng iky hi~u lien q,uan dell hlnh ehieu m~t cat. Bi;ln thay ky hi~u m~t cat nay trong m~t bang, m~t dlIn9, hay n'tilfmg m~t cat k!rlc3c, tuy thea khu v(,(c mil net cat vl1dn den. Vi dl,l, neu b9n d!nh 19i kich eB ella v.ung cat oJa rnqt net cat khong vl1dn den 09 sau ella hlnh chieu bang, dau hi~u m~t cat se khong xuat hi~n trong hlnh chieu m~t b2mg. '-"
Ky hi~u m~t dlt co the nhin thay tren m~t dung ngay ca :khi bc;tn tat khu vl1c khoanh vung (Crop Region). Mot ky hi~u m~t dit se xuat hi~n tren m~t dU'ng neu net cat giao voi m~t philmg d~i di~n cho do sau eua hlnh ehieu rn~t dUing. Neu b9n thay aoi liIl~t phang d9i di~n nay de no khQng con g~'P net cat nua, m~t e,at se ~h6ng xuat hi~n tren m~t dUng.
'-/
f)uong be gay (Line Breaks) trong hinh chieu m~t cat
Neu bi;ln muon net cat khong xuat hi~n trong mot hinh chieu nao do cua tong trinh, b~n c6 ......",
the be gay chung thanh rnhlIng 009"' khong ket nov vai nhaUi. B9n su dl,mg ky hi~u be gay de be gay ml)t du'ong cat hay noi chung I~i.
'-'
Hinh dll'oi day minh h9a mqt dliong cat b! be, gay va dl1c;1c noi Ic,i.
r-· -. -----.... ---- --- ~ ._- --- -- .... -,--- ----\. r .... ••• .. • ... _· ... - .. _·······~ .. _··_ .... ~·--:· .. ·_ .... • __ ..
4;' 4 .~.. 'If • • t~04jJf • ~Jt e ~o ......",
PhIm be gay nam giU'a eGa Quong d~t MQt Quong cat du~e noi I~i
"--'
-~
Mqt dl10ng cat b! be gay la mqt hinh chieu d~c bit$t va chi imh hu'ang den hinh chieu lien h~ vai du'ong b! be gay.'//1
-..J
192 • Chifdng 6: H/nh chieu eVa cong trinh
-./
ThuQc tinh lo~i (Type, Properti,es) cua hinh chieu m~t cat
Moi hlnh ehiew deu co cae tham bien de drieu khien ten mat cat, ten trich doan va nhan tham . . chieu, 8.~n Q,uy Q'!fi1h nhO'ng, thuQc tfnh ella tham bie'n n'ay trong h9P tho~j Type Properties. B'qn e6 the quY' cJ1nh each the tni~n c,ua ten m~t d3t, ten cck trfeh dOqn bang tUy eh<;m View Tags trong eqt Settings eual thanh menu.
cae ten tham bien OJ3' tham e'hi'eu trong h(lp thoqi Type Properties dU<;jc quy d[nn la ehlr' (text) xuat hi~1il ke' ben vonQl tron ella ky hi~.u cat trong thanh pnan tham chieu.
M{lt yang tron cu,a m~t cat (section bubble) la mQt ky hi~u nam cuoi QUang co, chLra phan daUi ella duong C'~t. MQt section bubble chua so hi~u. chi tiet cua m~t cat va se tv dQng duqe galil gia trj C(,J the khi bo tri m~t cat tren giay in. MQt section bubble d'6ng thai ding xuat hi~n mQt mGu ten m~c d!nh de chi fa hl10ng ellal hinh ehieu. MQt dl1ang d3t cling eo' mQt dau hi~u cho phim cuoi cua duong. Bqn co the cho cae ky hi~u xua't h'i~n ca hai d'au ella dl10ng cat. Phan mem da quy dinh truck ok IOi;l i' m~t cat nnl1 Building Sections (~t cat cong trinh), Wall Sections (m~t cat tI10ng), va Detaill Sections (m~t cat ehil tiet). 'Sqn cung co the tqo I~p cac IOi;li m~t cat khac. Cac 10<;li m~t cat theo y muon dl1qc li~t ke- thanh rnQt ph'an rieng trong Project Browser.
ThuQc tinh v~,t chon (Instance Properties) cua Section Views
Cae m~t cat co thuQc tinh v~t ChQfil (instance properties) nhl1 tV I~ the hi~n, muc do chi tiet, ki€u the hi~n va bong nang. Hinh c!lieu m~t cat co the la hinh ba chreu {3D). Bqn co the dieu chinn chieu sau cua m~t d3t bang each re cac mGi ten chi bao ella Far Clip Plane trong hinh ehieu bang hay bang each quy dinh cac gia tr! Far Clip Offset trong hop tho<;li View Properties.
Extents Crop VieW Crop Region VISlble[1] Annotation Crop Far C!lpplng Far ClIp Offset
......
t\. Scope Box
tr Cae mGi ten chi baa Far Dip Plane trong m~t bang Far Dip Offset trong h9P tho~j V,iew Properties
Bi;liO co, the' Sl! dl,lng thuQc tinh Far Clip cua mQt hinh chieul de Xc:lc djnh Cl,l the hlnh chieu clla nhung m~t phang khong song song voi hl10ng ehieu se du'<;1c xuat hi$n nhlf the nao. ThuQc tinh Far Clip cual mQt hinh cilieu c6 Iba tuy' c'hQn • NO Clip, Clip Without Line, va Clip With Line. Hinh dl1di day se minh hQa cac tuy chQn cua thuQc tfnh Far Olip' cira mQt' hinh chieu .. Far Clipping
,fJNo dp
CIp wlltlOUl
CIp ...,lhlne
0( --...J I Cancel
Bi1l: Lam vi~c vOi m~t' cat va m~t dtJng • 1193
Vi dl} ve hinh chjeu clla mijt cat -/
Hinh dtioi day minh hQa hinh chieu m~t cat ella m9t eong trinh. .-..../
-:.---------- -----------./
~
'--./
Hinh chieu m~t cat
y --"
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-'
Hinh chieu m~t cat chi tiet
r- I I
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194 • Chi/ong 6: Hinh ch;eu cua cong trinh
'--"
Khai quat ve hinh chieu m~t dU'ng B~n sLt dyng fninh chieu m~t dtfllg de bieu di~n mQt hlnh chieu ngang clia cong trinh tU'mQt diem nfm n6, Hin:h ehieu mat d0'ng trinh bay cac cao trinh, h~ luai dinh vi, v! trl cua cac eua di, cae cua so va v.~t Ii~u. Hinhehieu cae m~t dung nQi that trinh bay cac phan chi tiet va ho~m thi~n eual cac tu'ong ngan.
f>inh nghia 'Ie hinh chieu m{it dung Cac hlnh chieu m~t dung :li~ mot phlan (ilia t~p tin dlj tin rn.3U c6ng trinh giup c6 dl1Qe hinh imh nharnh ella mQt c6n9 trinh tU' mQt .goe d~e bi~t nao do. Khi bQ;n te;tO l~p mQt dl/ an bang t~p tin dlf an mau, cae m~t dLing hl1ang' bik, nam, d6ng va tay se dUQe tl/ dQng te;tO I~p.
St/ hitl!n di~n eua kj hi~u m{it dung (Elevation Tag) trong m{it bang Be;tn xac dtnh hinh ehieu m~t dung bang kY hi~u m~t dUng dliQc xac I~p trong m~t bang. Ky hi~u m~t dung la mQt kY hi~u vai dau mGi ten hl1ang ve cae bue tuang khi b,;1n bo tri n6 vao m~t bang.
cac chi dinh ella hinh chieu m~t dung se quy dinh khu vl/e nhin thay cua mQt hinh chieu m~t
dung giao vdj giai he;tn tam nhin eua hinh ehieu m~t bang,
Thu9C tanh lo~i (Type Properties) trong hinh chieu m{it dung Moi hinh ehieu m~t dling deu e6 thuQc tinh 10e;ti de dieu khien kY hi~u m~t dUng, ky hi~u trich d09n va nhan de tham ehieu. Be;tn quy dinh nhiIng thuQe tfnh eua nhfrng tham bien 10i;li nay trQng hQp tliloi;li Type Properties. BC;ln quy djnh nhO'ng the hi~n cua m~t cLing va cac trich dOC;ln m~t dQing vai cac tuy chQn View Tags trong cQt Settings clla thanh menu. Cac tham 'bien nhan de tham chieu du'Qc quy d!nh bang chi]' xuat hi~n C9nh ky hi~u cua mQt tham chieu m~t dung.
Phan mem chlia vai lo~i m~t dUng dl1QC quy dinh trL10c nhu' cac m~t dung ngo~i that va nQi that. BC;ln cung c6 the ti;lO I~p cac r09il m~t dung kh,:!c nhau. Cac 10i;ti m~t dung thea y muon dut;J'c Ii,~k ke thanh mc)t phan rienQl trOlilg Project Browser,
ThuQc tinh v,t chQn (Instance Properties) eua hinh chieu m{it dLing Cac m~t cat co thuQC tfnh v~t chQn (instance properties) nhl1 tV I~ the hj~n, muc dQ chi tiet, kieu the fe1i~n val bong nang. M~t dung c6 the dl1QC that thea hinh thuc 3D. Bl;ln c6 the dieu chlnll chieu sau Cl.1a m~t dung bang cach re cac mOl ten chi bao cua Far Clip Plane trong hlnh chieu bang hay b~mg each quy dinh cae gia tr! Far Clip Offset trong hQp thoi;li View Properties.
'9
> <p
. ~ _L'1Ig.._.
I
Q EKtents Oop¥iew Crop RegIon Visible Annotation Oop far Cipplng far ClJp Offset Scope Box
Chi baa Far Clip Plane trong mot m~t bang Far Clip Offset trong hOp thoi;li View Properties
B~m c6 the stY dt:mg thuQc tinh Far Clip cua mQt hinh chieu de x,k d!nh CI,J the hinh chieu cua nhU'ng m~t phang khong song song val hl1ang chieu se dUQc xuat hi~n nhli the nao. ThuQc tfnh Far Clip cua mQt hinh ehieu c6 ba tuy chQn - No Clip, Clip Without Line, va Clip With Line.
....... Bai: Lam vi~c vdi m~t cat va m~t cJU'ng • 195
--../Cae tham chieu trong hinh Ichieu m~t dung
Cae m~t dLr'ng tham ehieUl 121 cae m~t dlmg dang tham chieu vol m9t hinh chiE~u hi~n hU'u. B'~nc6 bhe bo tri cae bhanh phan '~ham chieu nay trong cae hlnh chieu, m~t bang, m~t dLr'ng, m~t cat, chi tiet, trieh do~n. Thanh phan tham chieu co the tham chieu cae hinh ehieu m~t cat, tnieh a01;)n eua m~t eat va chi tiet. Khi b9n bo tri them m9t thanh philn tham ehieu, m9t hinh ehieu moi se kh6ng dL1c;1e tr;lo I~p.
Ky hi~u hinh cbieu Im~.t dung
Hinh dhleu lii1l~t dUng tromg m~t bang dlJJ'c;1'c d~e tntng bang m9t kY hi~u m~t dLr'ng. Cae IcY hi~u la mQt v~t the phU'c. t<;iP ket hc;1P hOi mQt kY hi~U hililh bran hay vuong, va cac mui ten chi dinh chi V€ bon hu'ang hinh ehieu ma b1;)n e6 the ch9n rnQt hu'ang.
......Hinh chJai day rliilinh hQa ky hi~U m~t dLr'ng xuat hi~n kh.i bc;l.O :I<Jch h01;)t I~nh Elevation tren Design Bar. Theo m~c djnh, ky Ihie,u hinh tron chi d!nh cho hinl) chieu m~t dLr'nQl nQi tM't, va ky hi~U hinh vuong chi clinh eha hinh chieu m~t dl1'ng ngoc;li that
'-"~ "--J Ky hi~u hinh chieu m~t dung nQi that Ky hi~u hinh chielJ1 m~t dltrlg ngoai that
'-' Kich ho,t phu'ong chieu m~t dung
B~n c6 the kkh ho~t den bon phu'dng, dhieu m~t dUng trong :k-{ hi~t1 m~t dLr'ng. Khi b~.n etil9n mQ! ky hi~tJ m~t dUng, cae h{lp kjem (check box) xuat hi~n d m6i hu'ang ohieu. B~n e6 the' ch9n v~lO cae hop nay thea hJnh chieu m~t dUng theo yeu d3U de tha'y xuat hi~n trong Project .......,; Browser.
Hinh du'oi day minn RQa mgt ky hj~u m~t dLr'ng voi cae check box ph~c VI,J cho vi~<; t90 I~p '-' cae hlnh ehieu m~t dUng. MOi ten 111n'h vang cung cho phep bi;tn ql!Jay ky hi~u m~t dU'ng va
cae hinh chieu tu'dng Lr'ng.
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.......,
"
Check box de t<;lO I~p hlnh ehieu m~t dLr'ng
MGi ten hinh vang cung de xoay ky hi~u
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196 • ChiJ'dng 6: Hinh ehieu eva cong tn'nh
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M~t chh!u cua m~t dung
M~t chieu cua m~tr dung rat h,lfU kh khi can phai be tn! them nhD'ng thanh chen9 chee vilO mot ccmg tlr]nh ho~c nhUing c6ng tlk khac c'an c6 IliIQt m~t de dong voi cac tn,!c d[nh vi hay cae m~t tham ehieu aa e6 t-en s~n. Khi bi.;1n be trf them mot m~t ehieu eua m~t dung, phan mem tif dong quy d!nh mQt m~t phang 'lam vi~e va view range ngay t~'i lliai din'h vi hay m~t
phang tham chleu. M~t ehieu eLla m~t dling se tv. dong bat di'em t9i cae brl]!c ma bo qua cae but tliong.
B<;ln e6 the t90 I~p mot m~t chieu eua m~t dung bang each sit dl,Jng e6ng el,J Elevation tren bhe V,iew ella Design Bar.
vi dl} cae hinh chieu 'eua m~t dung
Cae hinh olioi day minh hQar cae m~t dUng ~hae nhau cua mot <:6ng trinh.
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ffi4 = 1" -
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Hinh chieu m~t dung ngol;li that
/
+ ¢ Hiflh chieUJ m~t dung n¢i tJilat
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~
Hlnh chieu m~t dung ngo~i that vol bong nang
Sa;: Lam v;~ vrJi m~t cat va ~t dung .. 197
Huitlng d~n de t~o ll~'p hinh chieu m~t tlJrng va m~t cat Sau day la cae thao tac nen dung khi tc;lo I~p hinh chieu m~t dung va m~t cat.
Trang su6t qua trinh khai trien tl1iet ke} tqO l~peac m~t: dung va, m~t d3t de kiem tra rnQt phan nao d6 eua tbiet ke. Be;tn can phai ti;lo l~p nhieul IQi;li m~t cat va m~t dung t~m thdi trong Praje.ct BlIOwser dJ~~ tadh nhlG'ng hinh ehieu ti;lm thbi. Bi;ln cling co the hj~l!J ehinh each the hi~n ella cae ky hi~u cho cae hinh chieu 10000i nay.
f)~t ten day au va c6 y nghia trong Project Browser de de d'ang nh~n biet cae :hinh ehieu' "-'"
va th~t ki~m thai gian trong S\lJl5t qua trinh khai tr,ien thiet ke. Ten hinh ehieu trong Project Browser co the khck vb] ten cua hinh chieu rna, b1ill1J b5 lIlt tr-en b~n ve, vi v~y b,:;m c6 the
'd~t teen thea kieu ma t.3 trong Project Browser va mQt ten theo tieu chuan quy d!nh trong'ho sd ban ve. Khong pMi mat thai' gian cho vi~e dinh danh ten ky h'i~u ella hinh ehieu m·~t dung va m~t
cat v,l phan mem se tV dQng danh so khi b,:;m b5 trt cae thanh phal1 ni3Y len giay ve.
Ghi ehu cae hlnh chieu khi giai dOl;ln thiet ke sap ket thu,c, vi cae ghi chu c6 ~he' can phai thay dOi de c~p I1h~t neu bc;l.n thay doi eong trinh.
Trang m~t bang, -Chat (pin) cac IkY hi~U Ciua m~t cat va m~t dLrng! tnloe khi them Chlf, cae chi tiet cau t~o,' va cae ghi chu khi3c VaG m~t dung va m~t cat. Vi~c chot nay phong ngtia -cae kY hi~u khong b!, di ehuyen rnQt each tinh ca.
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198 • Chlfdng 6: Hlnh chieu cia c6ng trinh
Bili t~p: T~o I,p va hil~U chin_h hi!nh chieu m~t dung va mat. cat .
~
Trong bi;li t~p nay, bc;ln t(jlO I~p va hi~u c:hinh m~t cat de trinh bay phan nQi that eua cong trinh. B9n Qung t~o I~p :mQt m~t dLing nQi that de kich ho9t bon hinh chieu m~t dli'ng. Roi bi;1n S€ hi~u chinh mQt trong cae n;;~t dung.
B~n can t~o I~p hinh chieu m~t cat va m~t dung eua oSng trinh tr9m etIu hoa de trinh bay bo Cl,le nQ,i that cua e0l19 trinh. B~n cung can t~o Il~p nhie.u do~m de giai thj~u m~t cat ella cong tninh t~i eae vI tri khae nhau.
B~n lam nhli salJ:
T~o I~p va hi~u cninh mQt hlnh chieu m~t cat.
T90 l~p va hj~u chirth mQt hinh ehieu m~t dLtng.
"'Ilo~,tJr."P
,.
Bill t~p hoim tat
Hoan tat bai ~p
De hoan tat bai t~p, theo cae bL1C1c trong quyefl sikh nay ho~c trong b~j t~p trn§n man hlnh. Trang danh Sc3ch CClc chL1dng va bai t~p tref"ll main hinh, nhap VaG Chapter 6: Viewing the Building Model. INhap v.ao Exercise: create and Modify Section and Elevation V'iews.
Tii,lO I~p Va hi(!u chinh m,t cat
3. Trong OU'd' so hinh ehieu:
D~t con tro ve phiol tral cua blfc tuang phia nam ella toa nha nam duai.
~ ~ . " , » •
o
1. Md t~p tin Lfirestation"sedions_,elevation$.rvt hay m_firestation_sedions_elevations.M. T~p tin dli~c rna vol. hlnh chieu bang Ground Floor. Nhap de b5 trf dau ella dl10ng cat.
2. Tren Design Bar, View tab, nhap VaG Section. Chu y~ Ceng trlinh se khi3c dI mQt It neu Slt dl,lng bai ~p h~ met.
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Bai: Um I/i~c vdi m#t cat va m~t dung • 199 r
-....I 4. Di ehuyen con tro ve huang nam ella eong trinh va n'hap de b6 trl duoi elJai dl1dng cal. MQ't m~t cat moi c6 ten la Section 4.
... ~
S. Trong Project Brovvser, dudi Views (All), Sectiolls (Buil'ding Section), IIlhap dup vao Section 4, Duong ranh phan d~t dU'(;1c c.hqn nhv' hlnh ve.
..
6. Voi duong ranh vung cat van dl1<;J'c chon, re cae mui tell dfeu khie'n chLmg g~m li;li de dinh I~i krch co eua khu v;l/c hinh chieu.
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7. Tmng Project Browser, dlfoi Views (All), '--/
Floor [Plans, nhap dup vao Ground Floor de kich ho~t ihinhi chieu. Dl10ng cat du'Qc chon
......." trong buoc vU'a lIai v~n cOn dl1Qc ch9n
8. Trong cLr'a so hinlh' chieu:
D~t con tro tren du'ong cat Khi c:on tro doi thanh mui ten hai cau, re dLfang cat ve ph'fa phai ella toa nha nam clliol cho den din p'hong nam trLfoc cau thang. -
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Chu y: Hinh minh twa co the khck di mQt It so voi nhO'ng gi bqn thay uen e6ng trinh cu:a minh tuy thea V! trf ma bi;m dil ve '--' du'dng eilt.
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200 • ChU'dng 6: Hinh chieu ella c6ng trinh
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9. Trang cLr'a so hinh chieu, du'ong cat ma b~n vU'a re v~n cOn aUQc c:h(;m. Nhap mui ten dieu khien hu'dng nhin (fHp) xua't hi~ gan dau du'orng eat de thay doi hl1ang eua kY hi~u m~t dh.
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10,. Tren Options Bar, nhap vao Split Segment. Con tro dol ~h~mh hinh eua mQt mui ten va mQt con dao.
11. Trong cLr'a so Ininh chieu:
Di chuyen COn tro den giao diem eua dl1C1ng, cat va bLr'e tl10ng phla b~k eua hanh lang.
Nhap phfa dllJ'di giao diem nay.
12. Trong cU'a so hinh ehieu:
Re ph'an dl10i eua du'ong eat ve phJa (aU thang ben phai .
•, Nhap de bo td duang cat nlml hinh ve.
13. Tren Design Bar, View tab, nhap VaG
Modify de cham ddt I:~nh dang hO<;lt dQlilg.
14. Trang cU'a so hinh chit~u:
ChQn dl10ng cat.
• Re dl10ng rranh Far Clip cua m~t cat gan vo,i c6ng trinn han, giG' n6 nam phia b€n phai eua tu'ong bao.
15. Nhap nut phai cua chuQt vao dau du'ong cat. INhap VaG Go To V,iew de kich hOc;it m~t cat.
Sa;: Urn vi~C Ivoi m~t cat va m~t dung • 201
T~o Ii}p va hi~u chinh m~t dung 6. Trong cti'a so hinh chieu: ......"
ChQn ky hi~u hinh chieu m~t dU'llg.1. Trong Project Browser, dlfC1i Views (All),
ChQn tat ca cae h9P chQn ohung ,quanh Floor Plans, nhap nut phai chuQt vao kY hi~u de tqO r~p them cae m~t dLrngMain Floor de kich ho~t hinh chieu nay. khck.
2. Phong Ian goc tren trai cua toa nha phfa dlfaL
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~
3. lren Design Bar, View tab, nhap vao Elevation. Can tr6 xuat hi~n mQt ky hi~u m~t dung hin'h vuong. D~t ky hi~u nay nlfonQl vephia mQt but tlfong gan nhat.
4. Trong c(fa so hinh chieu:
Dinh vi can tro tmng Women's Toilet Room de muil ten hlfang chieu 'hudng ve but tu'ong phia nam hdi dang co mQ't 'Ch~u nJa gan v~m.
Nhap de p5 tr! m~t dLtng.
omen's ToiJet Room__~
S. Tren Design Bar, View tab, nhap vao Modify de cham dLit I~nh Elevation.
Chu y cae m~t d.Ung' dlfqc Il~t ke, mQt Gkh tlj dQnQi trong Project Browser nhu' Elevations 1- a, 1 - b, 1 - c, va 1 d.
7. Trong Project Browser, dlfai Elevations (1/2" Square) (Elevations (10mrn Square}), Nhap nut p'hai chuQt Elevatlion 1 ~ a de rna hinh ehieu nay.,
8. Tren thanh View Control:
O~t tY I~ hinh chieu (v,iew scale) thimh 1/4" = 1'-0" (1 : 50).
D~t Modell Graphics Style thanh Shadingl withEdges.
9. Trang cti'a So hinh chieu: .....,/
ChQn cluang baa ella hinh ehieu.
~ Re cae mOi ten aieu khien gan cae dliGing bien de dinh lai kieh co eua hinh chlel!J.
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,,,
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to.. Dong t~P tin ma khong can l'lfu. '-oJ
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202 • Cht/Cfng 6: Hinh chieu eua cong trinfJ J
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,"Bai: T,o I~p a Ie"'-
• hin ac In chieu
,."
Tong quan
,Bai hQc nay se mo ta Gk1i1 thanh I~,p va hi~U' dllnh hinh chieu 3D. Bi;m bat day bai hQe bang plhan hQc v~ cac I09i hinh chieu 3D va Camera. Ke tiep, bi;ln hoc cac bu'oc de t90 rl~p va hi~U chinh cae hililh chie:u camera va vai thao tac nen dung de ti;lO II~p va hi~LJ chlrnh hinh chieu 3D. Bai hQc se' dliQC cham dUt bang mQt bai t~p co IilQi dung t90 l~p phoi canh ky ma 3D (perspective)) va phoi cimh dan9 trik 3D (orthographic) eua mQt eong trinh.
B1;ln ti;lo I~p mQt hinh chieu 3D cua mQt cong trinh de giup eho cae thanh vien trong nhorn thiet ke hay ~hach hlang hinh dung dliQC cong trinh. B~n cung co the 511 dl,mg hinh chieu 3D de' xem Iqi phuong an ehQrn. -
Phoi eanh kYo rna 3D (perspective) ella rn9t eong trinh
MI:IC tieu
Sau khi hoan tat ibai hoc nay, b,<;IriI co the:
Hh~u du'QC cae I09i hinh chieu 3D.
Hieu dlieic cameras.
T90 I~p va hi~U chinh hinh chieu camera.
Xiie din'h cae thao tac nen dung de t90 l~p va hi~U ohinlh cae hinh chleu 3-D. T~o I~p hinln phoi cimh ky ma (perspective) va hinh phoi ctmh dang brae (ortJhographic) oua mQt cong trinh.
sa,:- T~o /~p ,va hl~u chinh hinh chif}'U 3D • 203
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K....:aHquat ve hinh chieu 3D ~
Bc;tn ,co the trinh bay mQt Ic6ng trinh du'oi hai 10<;1i hinh chieu 3D, phoi dmh ky ma (perspective) va phoi canh dEmg brae (orthngraphie). Nhfi'ng hlnh ehieu nay trinh bay thiet ke eua b~n se nhl1 the nao qua hjnh the v~ cOl1g nang cua c6ng trinh,
&jnh nghia hinh chieu 3D
MQt hinh ehieu 3D trinh bay mQt e6ng trlnh nhu khi ta dang dung d mQt diem va dung may ehl,Jp hiJilh (cameral) de nhin. BClfl co tine tbo trf Camera d bat elf vi trf nao de ~o I~p hlnh chieu 3D ella coog trinh. Hl10hgi eua camera dl1Q'c xc]c d!nh boi v[ trl eua diem ngam (view target) , Biiln co the gia giam goc nhin ella camera bang each thay dQi du'ang ranh ella khung hinh ehieu.
Cae loe,i hinh chieu ,3D
Tlrong ph6i c:anh kYo ma (perspeeti,ve), v~t the 0 xa se tha'y nh6 hdn v~t the cung kfc:h eli rna a gan camera. Trang cae hlnh chJeUi n(3Y, phan euoi cua cae dl1ang song song hQi tl,J ~i diem bien.
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Phoi dmh ky ma (perspective) ella mot c6ng trinh
Tron9 phoi dmh dang' trik {orthographic), v~t the axa camera cung eo cung kk:h co nhu' v~t
the tl1dn9 Wma agan. Trong hlnh chieu nay, ph'an euoi cae dtfong sorng song v~n song, song vdi nhau Chlf kh6ng h9i tl,J 1'9i t~i diem bien.
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Chu y: Bqn co the quay hu'ang nhin eua hinh chieu 3D theo bat ell: hu'ang nao va 1u'U Iqi vdi --./ cae ten kh.:k nhau.
Ph5i dmh dang trik {orthographic) eua nlQt cang trinh
'--"204 • Ch'lfdng 6: Hinh chieu eua c6ng tn'nh
Hinh chieu phoi canh m~t cat (section box views)
Mot 'Section box (hop m~t dh) la mot audng ralilll gioi h9n di;lng 3D duqc tqO l~p trong hlnh (!"lieu 3D. B<;ln ti;lO I~p h)nh ci1h§u phoi cimh m~t cat (section box vliews) de trinh b~w mQt phan rieng bi$t clla hinh chieu 3D no co I~p mot phan clla cong trinh nham mvc arch nghien CLru hay minh h9a.
Ele tqO l~p mot section box (hOp m~t cat) trong mQt phoi canh kY. rna (perspective) hay phoi cimh dang trik (orthographic), b(;'ln ch9n ~ch hQ~t bang each eh()n hop kiem ella phan Section Box trong hOp thoi;li Element Properties. HOp m~t cat eung cap cae Iky hi~u dieu khien hinh taJ1iil gi,k de bi;ln c6 bhe khoi3nh VUTilg nhQ'ng phan yeu cau' cua cong trirnh va hi;ln che nhGing vung co the ~hay dl1<;jC trong hinh cfr11eu 3D.
B~m co the SU d\mg hop m~t cat oe dfeu khien anh sang trong qua trinh render de tiet ki$m thai gian xU'II'1. 8i;ln c6 the dau hOp m~t cat nay tron9 hlnh chieu nhG'ng Iket qua do hop cat tqO ra valil con anh huang.
M~t cat phoi canh
Mouse Navigation
MQt can chuQt co nut I~ln se cung: cap kha nang dieu khien thu pl1ol1g (Zoom), Pan (di dai) hay Orbit (xoay) trong hinh chieu 3D. Dieu khien pan and orbit cho phe,p bi;1I1 d~t l;;Ii huang nhin thea h110n9 cua minh muon
B~m Ian banh xe cua chUQt de phong to hay thu nh6 hinh chlell. B~m 'co the ket hc;1p voi phfm Ctrl de' thUl ptnong h:lnh chieu. De pan hllill1 chieu ('side-to-side), bi;ln de ibanh xe. De orbit brong' mot hinh c!hJieu, b;;ln diJng banh xe va phlm SHIFT cung mQt lue.
8i1l:' T?Jo I$p Iva hi~U chlnh hinh chieu 3D • 205
Steerin-g Wheel Navigation (Khao sat hinh chieu bang Steering Wheel)
B~n sLr' ol,lng ky hi~u 5teerungWheels hay nut F8 de kfch ho~t no. (6ng Cl) steering wheel co the xLla't hi~n C1 mQt trong ba cI~ng: full navigation wlheel, view obje.ct wheel, hay tour .J
'building wheel. Sa o<,mg 'nay Iia ba eong Cl,J dieu khien tnl!e quan eho phep b~n zoom (thu phong), pan (dich chuyelll), orbit (quay tron trong khong gian), b5 trf tam ella hinh chieu, nhin quanh vi trf nna camera dang ton t~i, di ehuyen cong tdn'h len !hay xuong, dii qu-anh cong trinh (chi ap dl,Jng trong ph6i cimh), va tra I~i cae thao tae vU'a xiw ra.
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Full navigation wheel View object wheel Tour building wheel
Bimg sau day rn6 ta cae tu,y eht;m tmng ba steering wheels.
Wheel Buttons Description
Full naY(igation wheel
Orbit Xoay camera quanh toan ccmg tdnh hay cac v~t the dLf<;ic ehQn.
Zoom Thu ph6ng hinh ehieu.
Pan Dieh chuyen hinh chieu sang trai, phai, len hay xuong.
Rewind Tra l'.li nhiJng thao tae trLfoe do.
Center QUy d!nh ella tam de Zoom hay Orbit.
Walk Di ehuyen camera ve phia cong trinh thea hLfong can tro di ehuyen.
Look Xoay camera voi vi td co dinh.
Up/Down Oi ehuyen camera len hay xuong, nhLfng v§n giiJa nguyen diem nhin.
View object Center QUy d!nh ella tam de Zoom hay Orbit. wheel
Zoom Thu phong hinh chieu.
Rewind Tro 19i nhiIng thao tac trl10e do.
Orbit Xoay camera quanh toan cong trinh hay cae v~t the dLfc;1c chQn.
Tour building Forward Phong Ion hinh chieu theo huang di gfm den diem nhin. wheel
Look Xoay camera voi v! tri co d,nh.
Rewind Tra 19i nhU'ng thao tile tru'oc do.
Up/Down Di chuyen camera len hay xuong, nhtfng v§n giiJa nguyen diem nhin.
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206 • Chlfdng 6: Hinh chieu eua c6ng trinh ~.
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View Cube Navigation (khao sat hinh chieu bang View Cube)
Trang cac hlnh chieu 3D, thea m~c d!nh view cube the hi$n gac tren trai clla hinh chieu. View Cube la slj ket h<;1p giO'a la b2ln (compass) va mot kh6i l~p phLfdng (cub).
La b~Jn (Compass) Khoi lap phl1dng (Cube)
De d!nh hudng nlhin t9i m9t huang d~c bi~t, b9n dwn mQt hLfong thfch h<;1p tren la bim va re chung. B~m co the dal can tr6 tren I'a ban (compass) va (:hQn de re <;;6ng trinh tren m~t da't. B9n co the' xoay (Gng' trinh trong kh6ng gian bang cach chQn diem bat I<y tren, khoi I~p phLfdng (cub) va Ire chUQt De d!nh hlio.nQ! hinh ohieu, b91'l ch(m bat ky ten ella m~t, ci;lntn, hay gac clla khoi I~p phu'dng (cub). De tr.o le;ti 'tuJ'Ong nhin nguyen thuy, b9n chQn kY hi~u Home.
B~n dieUi ktlien sl/ the hi~n cua view cube trong h9P tho~i Options. Hinh sau day minh hQa the ViewCube trong hQp thoi;)i Options.
Options
General Graphic: Ale locations Spenlng SteenngWheels ViewCube
VleWCube Appe<stanre~'~
Qn-screen Position: lTop Right • v r •
'tiewCube SIZe: Normal v
[nactive Opacity: 150 % v
the V'It$C.
0Sn~ to £losest YIeW
Ocl<tlg on the ""lE!wCube . -~-~ ~-~~-
oEit-to-view on view change
D!.!sa aninated transition when sWl\ching views
DK~ scene upright
Sa;: TiJO r~p va hi';u chinh hinh cMeu 3D •. 207
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VI d\l ve hinh chi4!u 3D
Hinh duoi day mirnh hc;>a mot vi trf ella carl1lera trong, hinh chieu m~t bang va hinh chieu phoi canh ky ma (perspective) 3D tuang lUing do camera t<;lO nen. ......)
i ......,1
Khai quat ve Camera De t90 I~p mQt hinh chieu 3D, bi;ln b6 trf them mot camera vao dl/ an. va hu'ong camera t~p hung viw cae than'h p'han etta Gong trinh trong hinh chieu niltv' m~t bang san hay m~t dung. Sau khi b9-n IDa trf mot camera vao mQt dI/Jan, bi;ln co the. di chuyen camera hay dIem rngam de thay dar hlnh 'chieu 3D aua dl/ an. ,~n co the quy o!nh 'hay hi~u chinh cae thuQc tinln cua hinh chieu 3D va ILfU cac hinh chieu. '-.../
f)!nh nghia cua Camera "'-'"
MQt c-amerCl trinh bay mQt dmh du'~c nhin thay tli mQt diem Cl,!! the trong hin'h chieu. cac ket qua eua Camelia gia I~p mQt h"nJh anh bat dQng, hinh anh d(>ng, hay mQt dOi;ln phim nhu' trong thl/c te (the giai thljc - Rea'l World')
T~o I~p th.ellil cae hinh chieu' 30
Bi;ln thay dol hinh chieu tli camera bang cach hi~u. clhill'h cac thuQc tfnh cua camera. Be?n co the bo trl them nhjeu camera de' 't9o I~p nhieu hinh chieu 3D moi. vi dt,l, b9n co the san xuat rnnot hinh tlnieu ben tmng o:6ng trinh bang cach bo tifi n'iot camera phla tmng cac but tuong cua con9 trinh. Ban than ok hinhr chieu 3D se khac nhau tuy VaG each bqn thanh I~p no, vi dl,] nhu' ban thay doi vi tri cuar camera hay diem ngam. Bi;ln c6 the chll y den sl! thay doi
.....,.; trong cac hinh chieu khi bc;m di chuyen camera bang cach 'SU' dl:mg h9P tho9i Dynamic View. Ngoaj ra, bi;in co the di chuyen n1~t phang, far clip lien quan voi camera de thay doi I1Qi dung rua Minh chieu dang the lni~n.
xoay hinh ch'ieu 3D -..../
Diem ngam xac djnh tn,K xoay ella hinh chieu 3D. Bi;m co the xoay hinh ohieu Quanh tr~c nay bang each hl~U chjnh cao do ,cua camera va tieu Of ella ino. Khi b9n thay doi cong tnlnh trang hinh chieu 3D, Sl! thay dov nay se xay ra trong eac hinh chieu knac. Bi;jn co the dong thO'i eho '-' xuat hi~n (tile) trang cua so hinh chieu cac hinh chieu dang du'Oc ma ra de' quan sat sat slj thay d6:i don9 thai nay. Trong hinh chieu m~t b~ing hay m~t dung, b9n co the cho camera
-...../hi~rn di~n trong m~t bang hay m?t dung. B<;ln co the hi~U chinh vi, trf cua camera va dil~m ngam.
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208 • ChifCfhg 6: Hinh chieu eva c6ng trihh
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f)~t ten va luru Ihilnh chie'u
KfJi bc;tn bo tnf camera fan dau tien, mQt hinh chieu 3D eua do im dang hi~n hG'u se xua"t hi~n
trol1lg Project Browser co ten ,103 3D View L Ten eua cae hlnh ehieu cua camera them VaG tlj d9n9 gi'a tarng trong Project Browser ngay khi chung ou'Qc ti;lo I~p. Hinh chieu 3D m~c d!nh, rna, Ib~n rna bang C':adh nhap VaG Default 3D View tren View too'ibaf, dl1<;1c d~t ten la {3D} thea m~c d,nh. Nhap nut Default 3D View button mQt ran nLri;l se I~I m6 ra hlnln chieu. Bi;ln cling co the co ket qua tl1dlilg tl$ neu Iilhap VaG 'ten eua hinh chieu trong Project Browser. B~m co the hi~U cl1inh goe chi'eu cua hinh chieu 3D va 'Illu 191nhQ'ng thay doi nay bang each d~t I~j ten eual ihinh ehieu 3D tron9llProj,ect Browser. Sau do Di;ln co the m6 them mQt hlnh ehieu 3D m~c dinh khac. 8.;i.n co the nhan ban hinh chreu 3D m~c djnh hay b~it ell mQt hinh chieu 3D nao. B~m co the d~t IIi;li ten hinh chieu khi ~n t~lO I~p chungr de' to chLtc dl/ an vol nhieu hinh chieu 3D.
IHi~l!J chi,nh hinh chieu 3D
Bqn co the hi~u, chinn hinh ehieu 3D ba-ng each quy dinh cae thuQe tinh eua no nhu' ca,e gia trj cu'a tham bien tine hj~n, tV I'~ hinh ehieu va 9i6i hi;lil the hi~n.
B~n co the thay doi gioi Ihi;!n the hi~n (crop region), dl1Q'c gidi h9n bang each du'ong bien, cae hinh chieu bang each di chuyen cac nut ttop, bottom, right va left ella eae m~t. phang gioi hi;ln,
Vung gioi h<;ln the hien (Crop region) quy dinh cae dl10ng bien eho mQt phoi canh kYo ma (perspective)
Ngoai ra, b~n co the' hi~U chinh cao d9 cua m~t va cLJ'a tieu oieiIl, cao dQ cua camera va eua diem ngam, thee y muon cho cae hinhl cnleu,
-~ NhU'ng thay doi ve hl1O'ng nhin hay vi trf eua hinh chil~u 3D m~e dinh chi la t<;lm thai cho
~ '-j den khi bi;ln hiu I~i hinh chieu nay.
Ba;'" T90 IfJp v~ hi~u chinh hinh chieu 3D • 209
vi d~ ve, Cameras and hinh chieu Camera
Hinh du'Qil aay min'h hQa vi trf ella camera trong m~t bang va m~t d!ing va cae camera, ti;lo I~p '.hinh chieu 3D tLt m~t bang va m~t dung.
f)!nh vi Camera trong hinh chieu CI,I the
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..
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Hinh chieu 3D dtJQc t<)o l~p boi camera trong hinh chieu m~t bang
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210 I. Chlfdng 6: Hinh chieu cua c6ng tTinh
D!hh vi camera trong mat dU'ng
Hinh chieu 3D dlf<;1C tao I~p betl camera trong hinh chieu m~t dLtng
T~o I~p Va hl,i~u chinh hinh chh!u Camera
B<:ln t(ilO I~p mot phoi canh ky rna (perspective) hay phai dmh dang trac (orthographic) cua ImQt c6nQl tr,lnh b~lng each be trf nulQt camera,. B~n hi~u chinh hinh chieu bang each thay doi V! tni c:ua camera, dieml ngam, hay t'h! tn16'ng clla Ihinh, chieu.
Quy trinh: T~o I~p phoi canh' kYo rna (perspective)
NhU'ng bu'ac sau day mo ta cach tc;lo l~p mot hinh chieu phol canh ky ma (perspective).
1. 'MO' m~t bang, m~t dltng hay m~t calla nhfi'ng ndj ma bC',ln m\Yen be trf mot camera.
2. Nhap VaG View menu> New> Camera.
Ba/~' T?Jo ~p va h/~{) ch/f1h hinh chieu 3D • 211
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3. Tren Options Bar, chon h9P kiem Phoi cimh ky' rna (perspective). '-"
4. 80 trf mqt camera va re chuqt den diem ngam. ....,;
5. Bo tri diem ngam cua camera,
.......,/
,Chu y: Trong Proj;ect Browser co nhiflng ten m~c djnh nhU' 3D View 1 ho~c 3D V,iew 2 -..tho v,i~c ti;lO I'~p 3D ph5i canh ky rna, (perspective) moi. B<;ln co the d~t l"9i ten nhG'ng hinh chieu nay.
Quy trinh,: T~o I~p 3D phOi canh ,aang tt~c (orthographic)
Nhfrng blfOC sau day se me til each 140 II~p m(>t 3D phoi cimh dang trac (orthographic).
1,. Mo m~t bang, m~t dU'ng hay m~t cat.
2. Nhap vaa View fmenw > New > camera.
l. TTen Options Bar: .......,.
.. X6a h(>p kiern pholl cimh ky ma (perspective).
Quy djon tV I~ hinh chieu.
4. Trong cue so. hinh chieu:
.' 80 trf camera.,
Re chu9t den ndl b<;ln muon dinh vi camera. -80 trf diem n9am.
Chu y; Trong Project Browser xua"t hi~n ten m~e dinh eua hinh chieu dllCli 3D Views. B-Ciln eo the d~t l<;Ji ten cua hinh chieu.
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Quy trinh: Hi~U chinh mQt hinh chieu Camera hi~n h'ii'u
cae bil'oe sau day se rne til cach hi~u chinh mQt hinh chieu camera hi~n hU'u.
1. Trang Project Browser, nlnap nut phai chuQt vim ten cuahinh chieu 3D. Nhap VilO Open.
2. Trein View toolbar, nhap vaa SteeringWheels. ,,-,,'
3. Voi Steering Wheel da du'qc ehQn, sti dl,lng cae nut de tien hanh cac tac vl,l thea y muon.
4. Luiu nhG'ng hinh chieu de Illu giG' cae hi~u chinh. ---
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212 • Chlldng 6: Hinh chieu eua eong trinh
........
Hu'ong dan ch,o·"vi~c t~o II~p va hi~u chinh cac hilnh chieu Bi;ln nen lam theo nhung bu'o.c toi l1u saUl day khi t90 l~p va hi~u chinh cae hinh chieu,
So trf camera du xa so voi c6ng tr,jnh khi bo tri camera cho phoi, canh kYo ma (per5pectjve) de th" tnJong co the xuat hi~n tat ca nhiIng gi b'.lIl muon thay tmng hioh chieu. Bo tlii camera qua gan c60g, tdnh se ~o mQt goc nhin Ikh6ng au se t9Q ra mQt phoi tanh ky rna (perspective) kh6ng thl/C ha,y kh6ng Qay au. Neu b.;m b6 cri mQt camera X€l hem se de dang khi di"eu chinh.
Can th~n klhi bo tri mQt camera trong m~t wng d~ bi;ln chu y v.ao cao trrinh ma dang lam vi~c vi gia tri eva, cao trililh s€ quy.et dlnh cao dQ ban {rat! eua camera. Dieu may se llam giam bot 11I\1.[(ng ket qua ngoaii y muon tmng hlnh chieu. Sau nay, b9n 06 the thay doi cao dQ cua camera theo yeu eau.
SLt dl,mg thanh View Control Bar Iilam a day eU'a 56 hinh cllieu de Ibi'en t~p cae thu~c tinh the hi~n clla hinh ehieu 3D. De tiet ki~m tail nguyen eua h~ thong, the hi~n phoi cimh ky ma (perspective} a cach Hidden Line khi hi~U chinh no cho den khl- b9n S~11 sang. xua"t hlni1 ~mh Ira 'hay trinh Ibay chung vol khiKh hang.
sit dl,lli1g C609 Cl,I, dieu khi'en Dynamic View tren V~ew Toolbar de dieu chinn chfnh xck khil !hi~U1 chinh vi trf camera va die'm ngam. Sau khi b<;ln cam thay thoai mai voi vi~c hi~u e!linh cameral va target, b9n t~o 'I~p '1~i voi bat ky goe nhin nao. Oieu nay rat hilu feh khi b~11l render cong trinh cua. mlnh voi cae hilllh anh nh~p vao, rnQt ky thl!.J~t ngay cang dl1l;1c nhieu ngu'ijj dung tmng vi~c trirnh bay voi k,hach Ih~mg va xin phep xa,y dl/ng.
Nhap nut phai chuQt vao ten eua hlnh ehi€'u trong Project Browser va nhap 'V30 Show Camera de ,camerrea xua't hi~n trong cae m~~ bang, m~t dung, m~t cat hay Li3c hillh 'c:hieu k:hik. B~n co the re camer;a, d:iem ngam, hay cae m~t phang gioi, h9n nhin de Ihi'~u chinh hinh chi'eu. Day Iii mot phu'dng phap nhanh chong de hi~U chinh the~ hi~n va khu vif'e Iilhin tha"y eua ph6i eanh ky' rna (perspective) view.
Ll1u 19i hay d~t ten 19i mgt lhinh ehieu 3D de duy tri slj thay (Jail vi trf eua camera. Neu b~n khong lam nhu' v~y, ctmg vi~c cua ibi;tn se bil mat di, khi t~p tin dl1Q'c dong I;;lJ. lii;lO I~p 'm9t phoi canh dang tr~k: (oFtn.ographic) co d~t ten Iii rnQt phL1dng phap nhanh d~ oung cap cae hinn chieu lkh,k enD vi~c kiem tra tniet ke.
Example Hlnn dL10i day minh hQc mot camera dL1<;:1C bo trf trong m~t bang VOl ca,c du'ong b'ieu dien thi trtLfof1g baa tr,um toan b¢ cong trinh trong hinh chieu.
" j :>- --i----.. ".-+_._
0- I _m• I I
/~ ~-~
Th! tnJong eua hinh chieu camera
Bai: nJO I~p va hi~u chinh hinh chif§u 3D • 21 3
;> Q 9 :>-." I 4
f
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Bili ~p: T~o I,p phoi canh, k¥ mit ~perspective) va phoi') 3 W
canh dang trac (orthQgraphic) ..-/
"--"
Trong bai t~p nay, b9n ~o I~p phOi canh ky' ma (perspective) va phoi canh dang trik (orthographic) clla mgt cong trinh. -
B(,!n dang thiet ke mot tri;lm diu hoa. B~n can t90 l~p phoi cimh ky' ma (perspective) va phoi c~_nh
toan klilu eua c6ng trinh de gioi thi~U cho khac h~mg toan bQ tri:lm cu'u hoa.
B9n lam nhl1 sau: "--"
• T90 II~p mot' phol c3nh ky ma (perspective).
Ti;lO I~p phoi cimh dang trac (orthographic).
.. ~.
Bai ~p hoim tat
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"--"
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T~o I~p 3D phol canh kY. rna (perspective)
1. MO' t~p tin i..firestation_3D_ views.rvt hay m_firestation_3D_Yiews.rvt. T.~p tin dUQc me ra voi hlnh chle~ 3D m~c d!nh.
2. Trang Project rBrowser, du'oi Views (All), Floor Plans, nhap nut phai chuQt vao -...Ground Floor.
~3. Tr€n Design Bar, View tab, nhap vaa camera.
Hoim tat bili t~p
De hoan tat rbi'!i t~p~ theo cae bu'oc trong quyen sach nay ho~c trong bai t~p tren mim hlnh. Trong danh sach cae ctillfomg va !!la'l t~p tren man hinh, nhap vao Chapter 6: Viewing the Building Model. Nhap VaG
Exercise' Create 3D perspective and 3D Orthographic V7ews.
214 ,.. Chu'dng 6: Hinhch/(!u ctJa c6ng tr/nn ~
4. Trang cU'a so hinh chieu: 8. Trong Project Browser, duai Views (All), views, nhap nut phai cnu9t VaG 3D
80 tui con tro du'ai buc tu'ang phfa View 1. Nhap vao Show Camera. nam cua tr~m cU'u hoa.
Nhap de bo trf camera, nhu' hlnln hu'ang dan.
Ohu y camera da du'Q'c ch9n.
9. Trong cU'a so hinh chieu:
Re camera den vi trf mai nam ben phai cua ceng trinh nhu' hinh ve.
D> Re camera den vi trf mai nhu hinh ve.
Hi~u chinh hiJ1lIn tam gi,}c d~i di~n
cho thi truang eua camera.
;). -Ii: _;aiB
s. Trong CU8I so hinh chieu:
Dj chuyen con tro de bo trf diem ngam nhu' hinh hu'ang dan.
Nhap de be tri die'm ngam.
M9t hiJ1ln chieu phei C2tnh ky ma (perspective) vai ten m~c dinh 3D View 1 du'Qc t90 l~p va tra thanh hi-~n himh.
6. Trang Project Browser, du'ai Views (All), Floor Plans/ nhap nut phai chu9t vao Ground Floor.
7. Nhap nut phai ohu9t vim CU'8 55 hinh chieu va c.hQn Zoom Out (2x).
8cii: T90 I~p va hi~u chinh hlnh chieu 3D • 21 5
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10. Chon nut quim Iy clla m~t phang gioi hi;)lil tam nhin tren qmln cua hinh tam giac d9i di~n cho hjnlil chieu camera. Di chuyen m~t phang nay ra xa camera de no vl1<;1t qua ccmg trinh. f)ieu nay dam bao eho tU'ang va mai dLtQc hi~n rar trangl phoi dmh.
Chu y: M~t phang giai h9n tam nhin co the khac tuy (huGe VaG vi tri ella camera,
11. Trang Project Browser, dl1ai Views (All) 3D Views, nhap dup VaG 3D View 1.
Chu y: Re di~m tren Va, aLtai CUCI' khung hinh chieu de thay mai va tliang.
12. Tren Options Bar, nhap vao 0 gia tri eua Size.
13" Trong h9P thoqi Crop Region Size: -./
Phan Width, nh~p 10" (250 mm). -..../
Nhap VaG OK.
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~
J.4,. Nhap nut phai chuQt vim cva so hinh c'hieu v~, n'hap vao lDom to Fit
1'5. Quy dinh phan Mode'l Graphics Style thanh Shading with Edges.
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Chu y: Hinh c6 the khac oi tUy thuQc VaG vii tti cua camera.
"rspectlve
T~o I~p phol canh d~ng tri\c (orthographic)
1. Trang Project 6rowser, du'oi Views (All), 3D Views, nhap dup vao {3D} de mCi hinh ehieu 31D m~e dinh.
2. Nhap vao View menu > Or,ient > ...Southwest.
• -..../
,:.1.·.·-.~~~..-,;>..Jt;~
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3. Nhap VaG View menu> Ori'ent >Save View,
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216 • Chl/ong 6: Hlnh chiev oJa cong trinh
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4. Imng hqp tho9i Enter Name for New 30 View:
Nh~p Southwest Aerlial.
Nhap VaG OK.
5. Trong Proj,ect Br;owseli, nhap nut phai chuqt vao hinh chieu Southwest Aerial. Nhap vao Duplicate View> Duplicate.
Mot hlnh chieu co ten Copy of Southwest Aeria'l xuat hi~Jil trong Project Browser va rna ra nhu' la mot hinh dhleu da du'Qc Ikfch hoQ't"
6. Tren View Cube, nhap Vi30 goe nam gilJa Top and Left nhl1 hlnh huang d~n de dinh huang nhln ella cong trinh thanh hLl'ong north-west (ray bik).
7. Trong Project Browser, nhap nut phai chuot VaG Copy of Southwest Aerial. Nhap VaG IRename.
8. Trang hOp tho~i Rename View:
Nh~p Northwest Aerial.
Nhap vim OK.
9. Nhap VaG Window menu> Tile.
10. Trren View Too'lbar, chQrl I~nh Zoom All to Fit.
~Q!~tO~30
g
_
Zoom In Region Zoom QuI: (2x)
Zoom To E.it Zoom All to F
11. f)6rngt~p tin ma khong can lu'u.
BJI: TflO l,jp va hi?u chinh hinh chieu 3D • 217
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Tom tat chu'dng
Den day bc.m d'a h9c cach t90 I~p va quim Iy Gk hinh chieu cho cong trlnh cua, minh, b9n co the 'lam vi~c va: trinh bay nhulilg'hiroh chieu minh IhQa tOt rnhS't cho thiet ke clia minh.
Trang chLldng nay, b,~Jn da hQC
Kham pha, nhiJ'ng hlnh chieu kh,k nhau xua't hi~n nong Project Browser va thay doi nhCi'ng ...J
thuQc tfnh eGa n6.
SU" dl,Hlg nhi1ng quy dlnh ve Sl,( hi'~n di~n va cac bQ IQc de dieu khien slj hi~n di~n cGa v~t '-'" the~.
T90 I~p va hi~U chin'h cac hlnh chieu. m~t dit va m~t dung.
T9,o I~p va hi~u chinh cac hinh chieu.
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218 • Chu'dng 6: Hinh chieiJ eva cong trinh
