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1/1
4/2
0151
MO
TO
RS
& C
ON
TR
OL
LE
RS
NE
C4
30
Ele
ctric
al T
rain
ing S
em
inar
BK
V G
roup
Chad K
urd
i
2015
SQ
UIR
RE
L-C
AG
E IN
DU
CTIO
N M
OTO
R
�G
oo
d sta
rting to
rqu
e
�S
tato
r & ro
tor a
re lin
ke
d b
y a co
mm
on
ma
gn
etic circu
it
SQ
UIR
RE
L-C
AG
E IN
DU
CTIO
N M
OTO
R
SS
=(1
20
*F)/#
po
les
EL
EC
TR
ICA
L &
CO
NTR
OL
SY
MB
OL
S
MO
TO
R C
ON
TR
OL
LE
RS
�M
an
ua
l Sta
rters
�M
agn
etic S
tarte
rs
�F
VN
R -
Fu
ll volta
ge
No
n-re
versin
g
�F
VR
-Fu
ll volta
ge
Re
versin
g
�2
S2
W -
Two
Sp
ee
d -
Two
Win
din
g S
tarte
r
�R
VAT -
Re
du
ce
d V
olta
ge
Au
totra
nsfo
rme
r
�E
lectro
nic M
oto
r Co
ntro
l
�S
SR
V -
So
lid S
tate
Re
du
ce
d V
olta
ge
�V
FD
-A
dju
stab
le S
pe
ed
AC
RO
SS
TH
E L
INE
STA
RTE
R
1/1
4/2
0152
AC
RO
SS
TH
E L
INE
STA
RTE
RR
ED
UC
ED
VO
LTAG
E-P
RIM
AR
Y R
ES
ISTA
NC
E
STA
RTE
RS
RE
DU
CE
D V
OLTA
GE
-AU
TO
TR
AN
SFO
RM
ER
STA
RTE
RS
FO
UR
-SP
EE
D S
QU
IRR
EL
-CA
GE
MO
TO
RS
WO
UN
D-R
OTO
R IN
DU
CTIO
N M
OTO
RD
IRE
CTIO
N O
F R
OTA
TIO
N F
OR
3-P
HA
SE
MO
TO
RS
1/1
4/2
0153
CO
NN
EC
TIN
G D
UA
L-V
OLTA
GE
3-P
HA
SE
MO
TO
RS
-
HV
CO
NN
EC
TIN
G D
UA
L-V
OLTA
GE
3-P
HA
SE
MO
TO
RS
-
LV
DIR
EC
T-C
UR
RE
NT M
OTO
RS
DIR
EC
T-C
UR
RE
NT M
OTO
RS
DC
DR
IVE
S 3
-PH
AS
E F
UL
L R
EC
TIF
IER
DC
DR
IVE
S 3
-PH
AS
E F
UL
L R
EC
TIF
IER
Dio
des
CS
R
1/1
4/2
0154
PO
WE
R D
EV
ICE
S -
SO
LID
STA
TE
�S
SR
V -
So
lid S
tate
Re
du
ced
Vo
ltage
�A
dju
stab
le S
pe
ed
Drive
s
�6
Pu
lse
�1
8 P
ulse
SO
FT S
TAR
T C
ON
TR
OL
LE
R
�S
oft s
tarts
use
SC
Rs to
co
ntro
l the
ap
plie
d vo
ltage
to th
e m
oto
r
3P
hase
Pow
er
Input
L1
L2
L3
T1T2
T3
Moto
r
Po
we
r Se
ctio
n
Sup
ply
Volta
ge
Firin
g fo
r
25%
RM
S
Volta
ge
Firin
g fo
r
50%
RM
S
Volta
ge
BA
SIC
CO
MP
ON
EN
TS
OF
VA
RIA
BL
E-F
RE
QU
EN
CY
DR
IVE
Rec
tifier
(chan
ges
AC
toD
C)
Elec
tron
ic
Sw
itch
es
(IGB
Ts)
(Tu
rns
IGB
Ts
on
and
off)
DC
(60
Hz)
PW
MO
utp
ut
M
Cap
acitors
Inco
min
g
Lin
e Pow
er
Varia
ble v
olta
ge &
frequ
ency to
moto
r4 3
2
1
CP
U
Rectifier, C
apacito
rs, Heart &
Brain
s
VA
RIA
BL
E-F
RE
QU
EN
CY
DR
IVE
S (V
FD
)
FE
ATU
RE
S O
F V
FD
�S
pe
ed
Co
ntro
l
�Lo
w-sp
ee
d to
rqu
e
�A
ccele
ratio
n/d
ece
lera
tion
con
trol: ra
mp
ing
�U
nit p
rogra
mm
ing:
�C
urre
nt lim
it
�V
olts p
er h
ertz
�M
axim
um
he
rtz
�M
inim
um
he
rtz
INV
ER
TE
R R
ATE
D M
OTO
RS
�S
ep
ara
te b
low
er to
pro
vide
con
tinu
ou
s coo
ling
for th
e m
oto
r rega
rdle
ss of sp
ee
d
�In
sula
ting p
ap
er b
etw
ee
n w
ind
ings/sta
tor co
re
�P
ha
se p
ap
er a
dd
ed
to te
rmin
al le
ad
s
�M
agn
et w
ire u
sed
in m
oto
r win
din
gs h
as a
hig
he
r rate
d in
sula
tion
�C
ase
is larg
er th
an
mo
st 3-p
ha
se m
oto
rs
1/1
4/2
0155
OV
ER
LO
AD
CO
ND
ITIO
NS
ING
LE
PH
AS
ING
�D
ow
ne
d p
ow
er lin
e, u
tility com
pa
ny’s p
rima
ry tran
sform
er fu
se o
r cuto
ut b
ein
g
op
en
, op
en
con
ne
ction
, ba
d te
rmin
atio
n, o
pe
n sp
lice, b
roke
n co
nd
ucto
r,
bu
rne
d o
pe
n co
nta
cts in a
mo
tor co
ntro
ller, e
tc.
SIN
GL
E P
HA
SIN
GU
NB
AL
AN
CE
D V
OLTA
GE
�C
au
ses u
nb
ala
nce
d c
urre
nts in
stato
r win
din
gs
�N
EM
A re
co
mm
en
ds th
at it n
ot e
xce
ed
±1
0 %
TY
PE
1 P
RO
TE
CTIO
N�
Co
nta
ctor &
starte
r sha
ll no
t cau
se d
an
ge
r for p
erso
ns
wo
rkin
g o
n o
r ne
ar th
e e
qu
ipm
en
t
TY
PE
2 P
RO
TE
CTIO
N
�C
on
tacto
r & sta
rter sh
all n
ot ca
use
da
nge
r for p
erso
ns
wo
rkin
g o
n o
r ne
ar th
e e
qu
ipm
en
t an
d, co
nta
ctor o
r sta
rter sh
all b
e su
itab
le fo
r furth
er u
se
1/1
4/2
0156
MO
TO
R IN
STA
LL
ATIO
NM
OTO
R IN
STA
LL
ATIO
N
MO
TO
R D
ISC
ON
NE
CTIN
G
�M
ust b
e in
sigh
t of th
e co
ntro
ller
�M
ust b
e in
sigh
t of m
oto
r loca
tion
& d
riven
ma
chin
ery
MO
TO
R D
ISC
ON
NE
CTIN
G
MO
TO
R IN
STA
LL
ATIO
N 3
-PL
AS
E 4
80
V
