PROFESSIONAL PRACTICES

BEEL 1243 SEMESTER 2

SESI 2020/2021

LAB 2: PCB FABRICATION EQUIPMENT SAFETY CHECK

DATE 9 / 05 / 2021

NAME OF GROUP

MEMBERS &

MATRIX NUMBER

1. ABDUL RAHMAN BIN YUSUF B082010506

2. ALBERT CHAONG ANAK BANGGA B082010419

3.

NAME OF INSTRUCTOR

1. DR. FARA ASHIKIN BINTI ALI

2.

EXAMINER’S COMMENT:

VERIFICATION STAMP:

TOTAL MARKS:

FAKULTI TEKNOLOGI KEJURUTERAAN

ELEKTRIK DAN ELEKTRONIK

UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA

1.0 OBJECTIVE

• To recognize the process of creating a PCB Circuit

• To properly know the function of each machine being used in order to create a

PCB Circuit

• To know what safety measures are being used inside the process

• To recognize the safety maintenance check before using the machines.

2.0 EQUIPMENTS & TOOLS

• Safety Goggles

• Disposable & Waterproof gloves

• Safety Wellington Boots

• Long nose pliers

• Wire Cutter

• Leads

3.0 THEORY / INTRODUCTION

PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD (PCB)

Printed Circuit Board (PCB) also known as PCB circuit is a circuit board that supports

and electrically connects electrical or electronic components by using conductive

tracks, pads and other feature which is being etched from one or more sheets layers of

copper laminated onto sheets layers of a non-conductive substrate. Normally, electronic

components are being soldered with leads when the PCB board is fully printed and

etched.

SAFETY AND HEALTH

Safety and health are one of the activities / courses of action that normally being

illustrated when preparing an activity / using a machine or any other dangerous work.

The main goal of safety and health is to prevent workplace from encountering injuries,

illnesses and deaths, as well as the suffering and financial hardship these events can

cause for workers, their families and employers. Another purpose of having safety and

health measurement is to make sure that this activity can provide a safe and comfortable

working environment.

4.0 PROCEDURE / DISCUSSION

In this lab experiment, we were told to observe the process as well the safety measures

being taken while creating a PCB Circuit.

1. First of all, in order to create a PCB Circuit, we need to create a circuit by using

Proteus system inside the PC.

2. After creating the circuit, we wanted, we printed the circuit onto one of the special

types of transparent film where it enables the printed parts to stick onto the PCB

board later.

3. Next, after we printed the circuit, we grabbed a piece of PCB board and by using a

type of copper sticker sheet, we sticked the sticker onto the PCB board.

Figure 1: Copper Sticker implanted onto the PCB Board

4. As soon as we finished sticking the copper sticker, we placed the circuit that has

been printed onto the laminated sheet at the center of the PCB Board.

Figure 2: Placing the circuit at the center of the PCB Board.

5. Now since the circuit is at the center of the PCB board, we placed the PCB Board

onto the PCB Laminating machine.

Figure 3: Placing the PCB Board onto the Laminating Machine

6. After placing the PCB board onto the laminating machine, we start up the machine

and waited for about 1 minute and 20 second or equivalent to 120 seconds.

7. After the 1 minute and 20 second intervals, we removed the laminated film from

the PCB board. This is because the printed circuit has already been implanted onto

the machine during the 120 seconds laminating process.

8. Next, we go onto the next process which is cooling and removing black sticker that

has not been laminated/sticked by washing the board with distilled water.

Figure 4: Washing the PCB board to remove the remaining black substances from

the PCB Board.

9. For this process it will take about 9 seconds.

10. Next after washing we will move onto the next process which is etching process.

11. Do take note that, before proceeding to the etching process, we will need to use PPE

Equipment otherwise know as safety equipment in order to not get involve with any

injury. For this process, safety goggles, disposable gloves and safety boots are

required in the process. This is to ensure that the chemical being used for the etching

machine does not make contact with our eyes and skin. Besides that, before starting

for this process, we were explained about the 3 Monthly Maintenance check up

before proceeding with the etching process. Kindly refer to the appendix for the

maintenance sheet given.

Figure 5: PPE Equipment

12. The first step for etching process is to insert the PCB board onto the racks at the

starting point of the etching machine.

Figure 6: Etching Starting Point Process

13. For this etching process it requires about 43 degrees celcius of hydrochloric acid to

remove the copper on the PCB board and at the same time maintaining the printed

and laminated circuit on the board.

14. Do keep in mind that if the hydrocloric acid had made contact with your skin or

eyes, each workplace that involves using a chemical must supply a washing

mechanism as shown in figure 7 below.

Figure 7: Emergency Washing Mechanism

15. At the end of the etching process, we are able to wash the PCB board with the

washing mechanisms that is applied on the etching machine.

Figure 8: Result after the etching and washing process

16. Moving onto the next process which is the water treatment process after etching.

This to ensure the board is properly cleaned before the drilling process. During this

process we had been explained regarding the 3 Monthly Maintenace for the Water

Treatment Filter. Kindly refer to the appendix.

Figure 7: Water Treatment Section and Result after washing process

17. Now we are about to enter into the drilling process, for this process we can dispose

the hand gloves as well as removing the safety boot because it is not needed.

Figure 8: Removing the PPE Equipment

18. For the drilling process, we were told that safety goggles are needed because the

drill bit that we used are the ones that is easily broken.

19. When it comes to drilling, we had to drill the circle parts to insert the components

legs for soldering so accuracy and precision is needed for this part.

Figure 9: Drilling process

20. After drilling the holes for the components, we proceed to the soldering process.

21. For soldering process, the tools that we need to prepare is Long Nose Pliers, Wire

Cutters and Lead wires.

22. Through this soldering process, the first thing that we did was gathering the

components that is needed in order to build the circuit.

23. Then after we gathered all the components and tools that we need, we proceed the

process by soldering the components one by one in a non-rushing state.

Figure 10: Tools being used for soldering process

24. During the soldering process, by using the lead we need to make sure that the lead

must make contact with the tip of the soldering iron. This is because when the lead

touches the hot tip of the soldering iron it will melt which makes the component

stay at a fixed position we want.

Figure 11: Soldering Process

25. Do take note that the smoke that is produced by the lead must not enter your body

because it affects the body system by mixing the particles from the smoke with our

blood, that is why mask is compulsory when doing the soldering process.

26. Throughout this process, we were explained regarding the monthly and 6 monthly

maintenance regarding the fumes inside the soldering area. Kindly refer to the

appendix.

27. Finally, after the soldering process the PCB circuit that we wanted is completed and

is only waiting for the testing / simulation process to be done.

5.0 CONCLUSION

At the end of this lab, we can conclude that safety measures are needed when

doing any activity when involving the use of machinery inside the process. Besides that,

we were able to identify the purpose of each machine for producing a PCB circuit.

Nevertheless, we were also able to discuss and observe with the P.I.C of the lab

regarding the maintenance that needs to be done before using the machine by referring

to the maintenance sheet that was given to us.

6.0 APPENDIX

Etching Machine 3 Monthly Maintenance Checksheet

Water Treatment Machine 3 Monthly Maintenance Checksheet

Fume Extraction Monthly Maintenance Checksheet

Soldering Fume Extraction 6 Monthly Maintenance Checksheet