K.I.E.T. GROUP OF INSTITUTION GHAZIABAD

MAYANK KUMAR SINGH4TH YEARA1302900062CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

CONCEPT OF RAINWATER HARVESTING - It is the activity of direct collection of rain water. Rain water can be stored for direct use or can be

recharged into the ground water aquifer. Rainwater harvesting is the process of

augmenting the natural filtration of rainwater in to the underground formation by some artificial methods.

"Conscious collection and storage of rainwater to cater to demands of water, for drinking, domestic purpose & irrigation is termed as Rainwater Harvesting." 

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Rainwater harvesting is a simple, economical and eco-friendly technique of preserving every drop of water by guiding the rainwater that falls to bore wells, pits and wells through small diameter pipes. Let us all work together to overcome the problem of water scarcity in Delhi by harvesting this precious bounty of nature. Join the Rain Water Harvesting Drive. 

WHY RAINWATER IS HARVESTING - To reduce water table depletion. To improve the quality of ground water . To arrest sea water intrusion in coastal areas. To avoid flood & water stagnation in urban areas. To arrest ground water decline and augment ground water

table. To beneficiate water quality in aquifers. To conserve surface water runoff during monsoon. To reduce soil erosion. To inculcate a culture of water conservation.

RAINWATER HARVESTING TODAY -

Collection (Catchment)Flat / sloping roofs

Leaf and grit filter, First

flush device

Transportation: Downtake pipes

Storage in tanks

Recharge into open wells / bore wells / percolation pits /

trenches

NOT NEW TO INDIA -

Rainwater storage reservoir at Dholavira (Rann of Kutch) – Harappan civilization (2500-1900 BC)

JOHADS OF RAJASTHAN(PROVIDE WATER FOR DOMESTIC USE)Earthen or masonry rainwater harvesting structure, for providing water for

domestic use to the communities.

RAIN WATER HARVESTING POTENTIAL IN INDIA -

HOW TO HARVEST RAIN WATER -Broadly there are two ways of harvesting  rainwater :-  Surface runoff harvesting                 Roof top rainwater harvesting 

Surface Runoff Harvesting :-

In urban area rainwater flows away as surface runoff. This runoff could be caught and used for recharging aquifers by adopting appropriate methods.

Roof  Top Rainwater Harvesting (RTRWH) :-

It is a system of catching rainwater where it falls. In rooftop harvesting, the roof becomes the catchments, and the rainwater is collected from the roof of the house/building. It can either be stored in a tank or diverted to artificial recharge system. This method is less expensive and very effective and if implemented properly helps in augmenting the ground water level of the area.

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1. Recharge Pit Suitable for roof top area up to

100sq.metres

2. Abandoned/ Running Hand Pump Suitable for roof top area up to 150sq.metres

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3. Abandoned Dug Well Suitable for roof top area more than

1000sq.metres 

4. Recharge Trench Suitable for roof top area 200 to

300sq.metres

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5. Gravity Head Recharge Well Suitable for roof top area more than

400sq.metres

6. Recharge Shaft Suitable for roof top area greater than

1500 sq.metres

COMPONENTS OF ROOF TOP RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM -

The system mainly constitutes of following sub components :-a) Catchmentb) Transportationc) First flushd) Filter Sand Gravity Filter Charcoal Filter PVC Pipe Filter Sponge Filter

FILTERS -

2. Charcoal Filter1. Sand Gravity Filter

3. PVC Pipe Filter 4. Sponge Filter

METHODS OF ROOF TOP RAIN WATER HARVESTING -

Ground water aquifers can be recharged by various kinds of structures to ensure percolation of rainwater in the ground instead of draining away from the surface. Commonly used recharging methods are :-

Storage of Direct Use Recharging Ground Water Aquifers Recharging of bore

wells                 Recharging of dug

wells Recharge

pits                                    Recharge Trenches Soak ways or

Recharge Shafts     Percolation Tanks

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1. Recharging of Bore Wells 2. Recharge Pits

3. Recharge Shafts

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4. Recharging of Dug Wells

5. Recharge Trenches

DO’S AND DON’TS -Harvested rainwater is used for direct usage or for recharging

aquifers. It is most important to ensure that the rainwater caught is free from pollutants. Following precautionary measures should be taken while harvesting rainwater:- 

Roof or terraces uses for harvesting should be clean, free from dust, algal plants etc.

Roof should not be painted since most paints contain toxic substances and may peel off.

Do not store chemicals, rusting iron, manure or detergent on the roof.

Nesting of birds on the roof should be prevented. Terraces should not be used for toilets either by human beings or

by pets.

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Provide gratings at mouth of each drainpipe on terraces to trap leaves debris and floating materials.

Provision of first rain separator should be made to flush off first rains.

Do not use polluted water to recharge ground water. Ground water should only be recharged by rainwater. Before recharging, suitable arrangements of filtering should be

provided. Filter media should be cleaned before every monsoon season.

THANK YOU