SOLAR ENERGY

Presented By : Navin Pratap SinghRoll No. :1334240044Mechanical 3rd Year (Sec C)

CONTENTS Introduction What are solar panels? Different types of solar panels. What are solar panels made of? How does solar panels work? How are solar panels positioned? Advantages of solar panels Reference

Solar energy is radiant light and heat from the Sun harnessed using a range of ever evolving technologies such as solar heating, photovoltaics, solar thermal energy and artificial photosynthesis.

It is an important source of renewable energy.

Introduction of Solar energy

SOLAR PANELS

A device that harvest and convert light to energy.

A panel of interconnected assembly of solar cells(PV cells).

Used to supply electricity in commercial and residential applications.

What is Photovoltaic ? Photovoltaic is the

conversion of solar energy to electricity.

Photovoltaic does not generate heat.

It is very reliable and requires very little maintenance.

Generates no noise or pollution.

1. Monocrystalline solar panels(Single crystal)

2. Polycrystalline solar panels(Multi-Crystal)

3. String Ribbon Silicon solar panels4. Amorphous solar panel

Types of solar panels:

Mono crystalline solar panels (Single crystal):

Most expensive type of solar panel.

Return electricity rate of 14% to 18%.

One continuous sheet of silicon with metal sheets nailed to it to increase conductivity.

More effective than other panels.

Most worth it in the long run.

Polycrystalline solar panels (Multi-Crystal)

Electricity return rate of 12% to 14%.

Made up of many individual cells that have metal conducting materials nailed to the side to hold the cells together.

Cheapest solar panel. Lower maintenance cost compared

to Monocrystalline solar panels.

String Ribbon Silicon solar panels:

Electricity return rate of 12% to 14%.

The PV cells in a string ribbon panel are made of strips of silicon attached to metal bars that connect the strips to form a cell.

Production costs are slightly lower compared to Polycrystalline solar panels.

Amorphous solar panel :

Lowest electricity return rate of 5% to 6%.

These panels are not made of crystalline silicon.

They are composed of a piece of semi-conductor material with a thin silicon film on the top.

Not worth it in the long run.

What are solar panels made of?

There are two protective layers on the semiconductor.

Solar panel are made of two materials sandwiched together called a semiconductor.

The top layer is negatively charged while the bottom is positively charged.

What are solar panels made of?

Consists of million of atoms that produce positive and negative charges.

Silicon produces the positive or negative charged stimuli.

How does solar panels work? When sunlight reaches

the solar panels, the electrons are knocked loose from the silicon.

These electrons then move up from the bottom layer of silicon.

They then crowd the electrons on the top layer.

How does solar panels work? The electrons at the top

layer is then collected by external contacts on the surface of the top layer.

The electrons then provide power to the electrical system.

The positioning of the panels is a major factor in deciding how much sunlight hits the panel.

Most are stationary but some solar panels move accordingly when the sun moves.

In the southern hemisphere, solar panels are placed facing the north.

In the northern hemisphere, solar panels are place facing the south.

How are solar panels positioned?

In winter, the sun is lower compared to the position of the sun in other season, so tilt the panels accordingly.

In summer, the sun is higher compared to the position of the sun in other season.

How are solar panels positioned?

Advantages of solar panels:

Pollution-free. The energy source(Sun)

is completely renewable unlike the usage of fossil fuels for electricity.

Enables the harnessing of power in remote areas.

Solar panels can also be used to provide electricity to places where it might be difficult to construct power lines.

Requires very little maintenance.

Advantages of solar panels:

The current energy source for most people is dependent on fossil fuels.

Fossil fuels is burnt to produce energy which causes pollution to the environment.

Fossil fuels are also non-renewable so once it is used up, it will take million of years to be replenished.

Why should we use solar panels?

Our current energy source is running out and causes pollution to environment.

Solar panels do not need fossil fuels and neither does it cause pollution.

Solar panels are able to generate electricity as long as there is sun.

Why should we use solar panels?

INTERNET WIKIPEDIA

REFRENCE

Thank you….