見せてもらおうか, vCloud Airの 性能とやらをLet’s see what VMware vCloud Air can do.

IOT27/SPT11@岩手県立大学アイーナキャンパス

柏崎 礼生 Hiroki Kashiwazaki

大阪大学 Osaka University

仮想化基盤 virtualization infrastructure

IOTS2013 12-13, Dec., 2013

@広島大学東広島キャンパス

8-9, Oct., 2014

ピーター ドラッカー Peter Drucker (1909～2005)

行政の大罪 The deadly sins in public administration

(1980)

つ2 /6つのうちの大罪を犯した

国家プロジェクトは失敗する

(1)高邁な目標 The first thing to do make sure that

a program will not have results is to have a lofty objective.

(2)優先順位の不在 The second strategy guarantee to produce non-performance is to

try to do several things at once. It is to refuse to establish priorities and to stick to them

(3)肥大の美学 The third deadly sin of the public administrator is to believe that

“fat is beautiful,” despite the obvious fact that mass does not work.

(4)根拠なき信念 “Don’t experiment, be dogmatic”

(5)経験に学ばず “Make sure that

you cannot learn from experience” is the next prescription for non-perfomance in public

administration.

(6)止まらない The last of administrator’s deadly sins is the most damning and the most common: the inability of abandon.

設計方針 design principle

(1)卑俗な目標 物理的・予算的・精神的な余裕を

生むための節約基盤

(2)仮想化基盤 第一目標は将来のパブリッククラウドへの 移行のための「ただの通過儀礼」

(3)最低限の規模 物理コア数、メモリは

現環境をほぼ踏襲 (補助記憶容量は増大)

(4)分相応 背伸びはする 分は弁える

(5)経験は作る 今まで計測を怠ってきたのならば これからきっちり計測をすれば良い

(6)2.5年ごと 計測に基づいた妥当性のある需要予測と

それに基づく増強・縮退計画

目標 ≧400vCPUsの集約

物理コア 仮想CPU

:1 ≧4

物理コア

120 cores

メモリ容量

640 GBytes

パブリック クラウドへの 踏み台

The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing

Recommendations of the National Institute of Standards and Technology

Peter Mell Timothy Grance

Special Publication 800-145

3

languages, libraries, services, and tools supported by the provider.3 The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure including network, servers, operating systems, or storage, but has control over the deployed applications and possibly configuration settings for the application-hosting environment.

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). The capability provided to the consumer is to provision processing, storage, networks, and other fundamental computing resources where the consumer is able to deploy and run arbitrary software, which can include operating systems and applications. The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud infrastructure but has control over operating systems, storage, and deployed applications; and possibly limited control of select networking components (e.g., host firewalls).

Deployment Models:

Private cloud. The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for exclusive use by a single organization comprising multiple consumers (e.g., business units). It may be owned, managed, and operated by the organization, a third party, or some combination of them, and it may exist on or off premises.

Community cloud. The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for exclusive use by a specific community of consumers from organizations that have shared concerns (e.g., mission, security requirements, policy, and compliance considerations). It may be owned, managed, and operated by one or more of the organizations in the community, a third party, or some combination of them, and it may exist on or off premises.

Public cloud. The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for open use by the general public. It may be owned, managed, and operated by a business, academic, or government organization, or some combination of them. It exists on the premises of the cloud provider.

Hybrid cloud. The cloud infrastructure is a composition of two or more distinct cloud infrastructures (private, community, or public) that remain unique entities, but are bound together by standardized or proprietary technology that enables data and application portability (e.g., cloud bursting for load balancing between clouds).

3 This capability does not necessarily preclude the use of compatible programming languages, libraries, services, and tools from

other sources.

V2V Virtual to Virtual

異ハイパーバイザ 移行・運用コスト

KVM

Xen

ESXi

Hyper-V

ハイパーバイザー

作りながら

パブリッククラウド

プロバイダできるのは

マイクロソフト

だけじゃのう

≠

Sep. 2013

July 2014

copy &

deploy

ベンチマーク benchmark test

iozone

iozone -aceI a: full automatic mode

c: Include close() in the timing calculations e: Include flush (fsync,fflush) in the timing calculations

I: Use DIRECT IO if possible for all file operations.

32 1024 32768 1.04858e+06

4

16

64

256

1024

4096

16384

write

random read

stride read fwrite fread

random write backward read record rewrte

rewrite

32 1024 32768 1.04858e+06

4

16

64

256

1024

4096

16384

read reread

4

16

64

256

1024

4096

16384

32 1024 32768 1.04858e+06 32 1024 32768 1.04858e+06

4

16

64

256

1024

4096

16384

32 1024 32768 1.04858e+06

4

16

64

256

1024

4096

16384

32 1024 32768 1.04858e+06

4

16

64

256

1024

4096

16384

32 1024 32768 1.04858e+06

4

16

64

256

1024

4096

16384

32 1024 32768 1.04858e+06

4

16

64

256

1024

4096

16384

32 1024 32768 1.04858e+06

4

16

64

256

1024

4096

16384

32 1024 32768 1.04858e+06

4

16

64

256

1024

4096

16384

32 1024 32768 1.04858e+06

4

16

64

256

1024

4096

16384

0 1GB/sec

6GB/sec

11GB/sec

0

500MB/sec

1GB/sec

File size in 2^n KBytes File size in 2^n KBytes File size in 2^n KBytes

Record size in 2^n Kbytes

Record size in 2^n Kbytes

Record size in 2^n Kbytes

Record size in 2^n Kbytes

さくらの クラウド

SSD 2cores 2GB

!2cores 2GB

さくらの VPS

SSD 2cores 1GB

IDCF クラウド

M4 2cores 4GB

S2 1core 2GB

!3cores 2GB

さくらの VPS cloudn

v1 1core 2GB

v2 2cores 4GB

Amazon EC2c3.large 2cores 3.75GB

m3.large 2cores 7.5GB

m3.medium 1core 3.75GB

vCloud Air

SSD 4cores 8GB

他クラウド・VPSの値は稲葉一紀氏「IaaSクラウド比較」参照 http://www.slideshare.net/kazunoriinaba/20140411-iaascloud

検閲済みcensored

cost

Nov., 2014

Iometer

Bonnie++

fio

Vdbench

ORION

IOTS2014 4-5, Dec., 2014@立命館大学BKC

プライベート クラウドに 引導を

go on to the next stage