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What is Biodiversity ?

Bio = Life Diversity = varietyTypes of Biodiversity Genetic DiversitySpecies DiversityEcosystem Diversity

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Values of Biodiversity Consumptive valueProductive use valueSocial valuesEthical & Moral valuesAesthetic valueOption value

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Mega diverse Countries : US, Mexico, Venezuela, Columbia, Ecuador , Peru , Brazil , D.R Congo , South Africa , Madagascar , India, China , Malaysia, Philippines , Indonesia , Australia , Papua new guinea

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1988 Norman Myers - 10 Tropical forests - Endemism & Habitat loss

1989 International convention

Biodiversity Hotspots

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Consider the following statements:Pre 2011Biodiversity is normally greater in the lower latitudes Along the mountain gradients , biodiversity is normally greater in the lower altitudes as compared to the higher altitudes.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?a) 1 only b) 2 only c) Both d) none

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Causes for Biodiversity DepletionNatural Causes

Manmade - Direct - Indirect

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Causes for Biodiversity loss

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Selective destruction of wildlife speciesDomesticationThreat to indigenous species by new alien speciesUse of pesticidesPets medical research and zoos

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Conservation Methods

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Q 1 :Which one of the following is not a site for in-situ method of conservation of flora? (2011)

(a.)Biosphere Reserve(b.) Botanical Garden(c.) National Park(d.) Wildlife Sanctuary

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Q . 2 The most important strategy for the conservation of biodiversity together with traditional human life is the establishment of(2014)biosphere reservesbotanical gardensnational parkswildlife sanctuaries

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Some Important National parks

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Some Important WL sanctuaries

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National park :MP & A& N (9 each)WLS : A& N (96) , MH (40) , HP (28)

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TSR Subramanian panel

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With reference to India, consider the following Central Acts :Import and Export (Control) Act, 1947Mining and Mineral Development (Regulation) Act, 1957Customs Act, 1962Indian forest Act, 1927

Which of the above Acts have relevance to /bearing on the biodiversity conservation in the country ?

a) 1 & 3 only b) 2,3 and 4 onlyc) 1,2,3 and 4 d) None of the above Acts

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The Himalayan Range is very rich in species diversity. Which one among the following is the most appropriate reason for this phenomenon?

It has a high rainfall that supports luxuriant vegetative growthIt is a confluence of different bio-geographical zonesExotic and invasive species have not been introduced in this regionIt has less human interference

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