A Report On Issues and Disputes of Almatti dam.

By

Gurudath G Prabhu (CB.EN.P2RET15004)

AMRITA SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING

ETTIMADAI, COIMBATORE – 641112

Email: gurudathprabhu1993@gmail.com10/11/2015

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CONTENTS

ABOUT RIVER KRISHNA

OVERVIEW OF UKP

ABOUT ALMATTI DAM

WHY DAM WAS BUILT

ISSUES

REHABILITATION

BACKWATER

SOIL ALKALINITY

INTER STATE DISPUTES

GOVERNMENT GREAT DECISION

CONCLUSION

REFERENCE10/11/2015

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ABOUT RIVER KRISHNA The Krishna River is the second biggest river in peninsular India.

It originates near Mahabaleshwar in Maharashtra from the statue of a cow in a temple.

It then runs for a distance of 303 km in Maharashtra, 480 km through the breadth of North Karnataka and the rest of its 1300 km journey in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh before it empties into the Bay of Bengal.

The river basin is 257,000 km² and the States of Maharastra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh contributes 68,800 km² (26.8%), 112,600 sq.k.m(43.8%) and 75,600 km² (29.4%) respectively.

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An overview of UKP I

FIRST REPORT ( 31ST MAY 1976)

SCHEME AOUT 0F 2060 TMC

Maharashtra 560 TMC

Karnataka 700 TMC

Andhra Pradesh 800 TMC

SECOND REPOT ( 31ST DEC 2010) OUT OF 2578 TMC AVG

Maharashtra 666 TMC

Karnataka 911 TMC

Andhra Pradesh 1001 TMC

AS PER KWDT AWARD 1

AS PER KWDT AWARD 2

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LAL BAHADUR SHASTRI SAGAR

138 VILLAGES SUBMERGED

1,80,000 PEOPLE RELOCATED

ONE WHOLE TOWN RELOCATED

SUPPLIES WATER FOR IRRIGATION TO 10 DISTRICTS INCLUDING 5 DISTRICTS OF ANDHRA PRADESH

ANNUAL POWER PRODUCTION OF 590 MU OF ELECTRICITY

SUCCESSFUL IN SOLVING DROUGHT , DRINKING WATER , CANAL IRRIGATION AND FLOOD CONTROL

MINIMUM TREES WERE CUT

LESS ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES BUT MORE SOCIOLOGICAL ISSUES

HOME FOR 100 OF SPECIES OF MIGRATORY BIRDS SPECIALLY FLAMINGOES.

Height: 52.25mLength: 1.565.15 kmSpillways: 26Catchment area: 33,375 sqkmIrrigation area: 0.16lakh ha

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WHY WAS THE DAM BUILT ??? Dam comes under UPPER KRISHNA PROJECT I (UKP I)

Main purpose:

Drought control

Irrigation

Drinking water

Effective use of flowing water.

Difficulties:

Relocation of 134 villages, population upto 1,80,000.

Construction of rehabilitation centers for these people.

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Overall cost

During the initial stages of the project, estimated costs were projected as Rs.14.70 billion

The transfer of project's management to the Karnataka Power Corporation Limited (KPCL).

The estimated cost was reduced by over fifty percent to Rs. 6.74 billion.

The KPCL eventually completed the project at an even lower cost of Rs. 5.20 billion.

ONE OF THE EFFICIENT ACHIEVEMENT OF KPCL IN THE MIDST OF HIGH CORRUPTION

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REHABILITATION

The families displaced by the Upper Krishna Project in Karnataka are unhappy at the rehabilitation centres.

The irrigation project, which has taken over 40 years to complete, dislocated 93,263 families (a vast majority of whom are dependent on agriculture).

S.N. Cheluvadi, a landless farm labourer and resident of the Biligi rehabilitation centre, said: "It's been 10 years since I was shifted to this place, but I still have no work

Annasaheb Sirur, who lost his land and has been rehabilitated in the nearby Korati rehabilitation centre, said: "At least in Goa I can catch fish and eat! Here I am forced to serve tea in the school.“

"More than 40 per cent of the 4.25 lakh displaced persons fall in this category. Where do we put them? What kind of non-agricultural occupation do we find for them? Shifting them from manual labour to semi-skilled labour is difficult.

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But a new problem has cropped up; that of educated unemployed.

These youth do not want to work in the fields but look for government jobs.

The government has reserved 5 per cent of Class C and D jobs for them, but that is hardly sufficient in an era when government-run factories are getting closed.

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FORMATION OF NAVNAGAR A BACKWATER ISSUE

Whole Bagalkot town( District place ) was submerged in back water of Alamatti dam.

A higher location and the formation of Bagalkot Town Development Authority (BTDA) under the Karnataka Improvement Boards Act, 1976.

For locating the New Township of Bagalkot , an area of 4,320 acres has been acquired.

22,000 structures, 91,596 people

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cont’d

Various benefits to the displaced families :

free site allotment ,free houses, free stamp duty in purchasing immovable properties, free transport, free compensation…etc.

4,467 structures, Rs. 117.97 Crores has been paid as compensation, 7,579 plots have been distributed.

The total estimated cost of Bagalkot relocation is Rs. 1037.49 Crores and the expenditure incurred upto end of June 2003.

All basic amenities like drinking water supply, electricity, under ground drainage, roads, storm water drains, public utility buildings etc. have been provided in the New Township.

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SOIL ALKALINITY

The uplands of Krishna river basin located in Maharashtra and Karnataka are situated on the Deccan Traps which comprises thick seems of basalt rock formations.

Basalt rock is prone to chemical weathering contributing more TDS to the river water.

Water is not safe for drinking if the TDS exceeds 500 mg/l.

The average yearly salt export requirement is nearly 12 million tons in Krishna basin area up to Prakasam Barrage.

At least 850 TMC water is required for salt export purpose to maintain water TDS below 500 mg/l.

The water TDS is around 450 mg/l during peak monsoon months which is highest among the major Indian rivers. 10/11/2015

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INTER STATE DISPUTES

This is regarding height raising of Dam from 519.6m to 524.26m.

On Nov 30 2013

Setback to Andhra Pradesh as Brijesh Tribunal allows raising Almatti dam height.

Since the decision of the tribunal is equivalent to a judgment of the Supreme Court, no appeal against the award can be filed in any court until May 2050 when the tribunal is to review the final allocations.

"Only after the Supreme Court delivers its judgment on our SLP that the award of the tribunal will be implemented," said D Sudershan Reddy, counsel for the state before the tribunal.

The tribunal, however, directed Karnataka to make regulated releases of 8 to 10 thousand million cubic feet (TMC) from the dam to Andhra Pradesh in June and July.

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CASE STUDY

The louder you shout and the more noise you make, the greater is your chance of succeeding: this seems to be the mantra of both Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh (ap) politicians on the contentious issue of the Alamatti dam.

BOTH THE STATES HAS PROBLEMS IN RAISING THE HEIGHT

KARNATAKA ANDHRA PRADESH

22 villages will be fully submerged Reduced water flow to nagarjunasagar, jerula dam

192 partly submerged Jeopardizing the economy of ap's rice bowl

1.2 lakh acres should be acquired for relocation

Karnataka will get more control

Pros : It can irrigate 5.4 lakh hectares more,

Upstream states gets more benefit

100 MU more energy production10/11/2015

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The Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Bill, 2014

Regulation of supply of water from the projects to the successor States having regard to awards.

Regulation of supply of power generated to the authority in-charge of the distribution of power having regard to any agreement.

Construction of such of the remaining on-going or new works connected with the development of the water resources projects relating to the rivers.

Making an appraisal of any proposal for construction of new projects on Krishna rivers and giving technical clearance.

Telangana state demands

The newly formed Telangana state is fourth riparian state in the Krishna river basin.

To start again the tribunal proceeding afresh as it was not party to the earlier KWDT1 and KWDT2 adjudications.

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CONCLUSION

Proper review of all the rehabilitation centres and problems associated with it.

Inspection of problems at Dam.

Infrastructure development.

Afforestation.

Adopt new technologies of irrigation.

Conservation of water.

Effective utilization of Dam water.

Increase of medical aids for water borne diseases.10/11/2015

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GOVERNMENT GREAT DECISION

“Don't Give Nod to New Dams, Water Ministry Tells CWC”.

Ministry of Water Resources Secretary Shashi Shekhar had on August 25 written to Central Water Commission Chairman A B Pandya that Minister of Water Resources Uma Bharti.

An expert panel has been studying the impact of existing and proposed dams on the flow of rivers and the report will decide fate of dams.

“In the process, not only have the rivers become fragmented, but most of the floral and faunal species have become extinct. There are certain stretches where a river has become completely dry,” said the letter.

He stated that the environmental flow (e-flow) in rivers was a necessity for the survival of a river, for it to perform its ecological functions and also to ensure that the cultural dependence a community has on the river is maintained.

No dam or barrage be designed or approved by the Central Water Commission without factoring in adequate e-flow.

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STATEThermal (in MW)

Nuclear

(in MW)

Renewable (in MW)

Total

(in MW)Coal Gas Diesel

Sub-

Total

Thermal

Hydel

Other

Renewa

ble(MW)

subtotal

Tamil Nadu 10,075.10 1026.30 411.66 11,513.06 986.50 2,182.20 8,423.15 10,605.35 23,104.91

Karnataka 6,408.46 - 234.42 6,642.88 475.86 3,599.80 4552.48 8,152.28 15,271.02

Andhra Pradesh 5,849.21 1,672.65 16.97 7,538.83 127.16 1,721.99 2,002.65 3,724.64 11,390.64

Telangana 5,598.47 1,697.75 19.83 7,316.05 148.62 2012.54 62.75 2,075.29 9,539.96

Kerala 1,038.69 533.58 234.60 1,806.87 228.60 1881.50 204.05 2,085.55 4,121.02

Puducherry 249.32 32.50 - 281.82 52.78 - 0.03 0.03 334.63

FOR YOUR INFORMATION

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Bibliography

http://www.kbjnl.com

http://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/Dont-Give-Nod-to-New-Dams-

Water-Ministry-Tells-CWC/2015/09/04/article3009758.ece

http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/content/3489/all-about-

alamatti/

http://www.cea.nic.in/monthly_gen.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krishna_Water_Disputes_Tribunal

Report on 40 years of Upper krishna project by UKP documentation

committee.

www.soils.org

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DAM GALLERY

SAVE WATER SAVE LIFE

QUERIES ???

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