Socio-­‐environmental  jus2cediversity  in  access  to  and  benefits  from  greeninfrastructure  and  urban  forests  in  Europe

Rik  De  Vreese,  Liz  O’Brien,  Thomas  Panagopoulos,  ErdoganAtmis,  Anton  Stahl  Olafsson,  Tuija  Sievänen,  Michael  Brennan,Tessa  Hegetschweiler,  Sjerp  de  Vries,  Maren  Kern

&  much  more

19th European Forum on Urban Forestry, Ljubljana 03/06/2016

Socio-­‐Environmental  JusOceSocial  jus2ce

Every  individual  is  enOtled  to  a  fair  and  equal  treatment

All  people  have  equal  access  to  rights  -­‐  in  all  aspects  of  life

Environmental  jus2ce

Distribu2ve  jus2ce:  distribuOon  of  (dis)benefits

Procedural  jus2ce:  fair  access  to  decision-­‐making  processes(power)

Interac2onal  jus2ce:  recognising  &  respecOng  differences(~  cultural  &  demographic  differences)

Barriers  to  accessing  &  using  GI  (1)Distribu2on  of  GI  &  rights  to  access

Informal  use  of  GI  (private  land,  temporary,  semi-­‐public)

Physical  barriers  to  access  (roads,  fencing)

Lack  of  (adequate)  recrea2onal  infrastructure/equipment

greenways,  benches,  play  equipment

infrastructure  adapted  to  disabled,  older  &  younger

too  abundant  infrastructure

Low  quality  of  the  greenspacevandalism  &  misuse

management

safety

Barriers  to  accessing  &  using  GI  (2)Informa2on  &  knowledge

Rights  of  access

What  is  allowed?  Which  GI  is  accessible?

What  shoes  do  I  need?

Cultural  norms

VisiOng  the  (urban)  forest  ......  is  dangerous...  is  boring...  is  loosing  Ome

Mismatch  between  (potenOal)  visitors  wishes  &  actual  supplyEquipmentAcOviOesDesign

SecOons  of  society  not  visiOng  GI

Based  on  sample  of  surveys  in  different  European  countries,  selectedby  parOcipants  to  COST  FP1204

Tempelhof  Berlin  -­‐  Green  JusOce  or  Just  Green?

Tempelhof  Berlin  -­‐  Green  JusOce  or  Just  Green?1.  seaOng  accommodaOon  for  relaxing  &  meeOng?

2.  Large  trees?

3.  Smaller,  enclosed  areas  for  recreaOon?

Tempelhof  Berlin  -­‐  Green  JusOce  or  Just  Green?

Tempelhof  Berlin  -­‐  Green  JusOce  or  Just  Green?

BBQ&picknick, talking,playing with kids (secluded)

27%9%Immigrants

Picknick, seating,playgrounds

11%6%> 65 years

Sport, sunbathing, playingNativeGermans

Preferred activity% district% visitors

-­‐>  Eco-­‐gentrificaOon?

ConclusionsInequal  access  to  UF  &  GI  (distribuOonal  jusOce)

Also  in  countries  with  everymen’s  right

Similar  paderns  around  Europe  -­‐  older  people  &  lower  SES

Informal  access,  informal  use,  temporary  use,  private  GI

Not  only  about  “physical  accessibility”,  but  also  about  “mentalaccessibility”  (interacOonal  jusOce)

Tailor  UF  &  GI  to  wishes  &  requirements  from  the  future  visitors

Providing  access  to  GI&UF  is  not  enough

Role  for  public  par2cipa2on  (procedural  jusOce)

Avoid  eco-­‐gentrifica2on  (social  jusOce)