Poultry Farm Management

DR. TAJAMMAL HUSSAINArea for Shed:- No. of Birds=30,000

Length of Shed=400-450ft2

Width of Shed=45-50ft2

Height of Shed=8-10ft

Space required for Brooding =0.3ft2 /bird = 9000ft2 /30000 birds = 180ft in length

Brooding phase Humidity & Temperature requriement = 60% Humidity and Temperature 32-33c0

Rearing phase floor space requirement = 0.65-0.75ft2

Rearing phase Humidity & Temperature requriement = 70% Humidity and Temperature 22-24c0

Ventilation & its Requirement Minimum Ventilation

A type of ventilation from vents to side box fans. Used when bird is small or during brooding.CFM =3-4fans

Transitional Ventilation

A type of ventilation from vents to Tunnel fans. Used when bird is Adult.CFM =4-5fans

Maximum/Tunnel Ventilation

A type of ventilation from pads to Tunnel fans.Used when bird is Adult.CFM =7-8fans

Different formulas for Ventilation

How to calculate Number of fans

= Volume of house/fan capacity

Example

Volume of house=length × width × height

L=450ft , W=45ft , H=8ft

Fan capacity= 18000cfm

So number of fan are 9

How to calculate number of pads

1 fan is enough for 70-80 sq ft area.

If Total number of fan in shed =9

Pads available in market 6×2

So,

Total pad area is =80×9

=720/12

So total number of pads 60

How to calculate fan Timing

Average weight of bird ×no of birds /1000/ fan capacity

Average weight of bird =168gm

Number of birds=30,000

Fan capacity=18000cfm

=168 ×30,000 /1000/ 18000 =0.28

In percentage 28%

If you want to on the fan for 3 mint

How to calculate Number of Vents

Vents are calculated by minimum ventilation.

Maximum number of fan are 4.

Vents= inlet area/size of inlet

Inlet area= Number of fan ×fan capacity/10000×15

According to standard value 10000 CFM cover 15 sq ft area

= 3×28/100

50.4 second you on fan & 2mint & 9.4 second off.

How to calculate Flow Rate

Average weight of birds × Number of Birds × CFM/Fan Capacity

Example

Average weight of birds=168gm

Number of Birds = 30,000

If transitional ventilation

CFM=4-5 fans

Fan Capacity =18000 cfm

=168 × 30,000 × 4/18000

Transitional ventilation flow rate =1120 CFM

How to calculate Number of FeederAs we know that 1 feeder is enough for 50 birdsE.g

Number of birds in shed = 30000

Size of inlet =Available in market 1.91sq ft & 2.51 sqft

E.g

fan capacity =18000cfm

Number of fan =4

=108/1.91 =56vents

How to calculate Number of Drinker

As we know that 1 drinker is enough for 10-15 birds

E.g

Number of birds in shed = 30,000

How many drinkers required

15 bird =1drinker

30000 bird= 1/15×30000

= 2000 drinker for 30000 birds required

How to calculate Weekly weight Gain

How many drinkers required

50 bird =1 feeder

30000 bird= 1/50×30000

=600 feeder for 30000 broiler bird required

Weekly weight Gain= Average weight-initial weight/7

Example

Initial weight =45gm

Average weight=168gm

=168-45/7

Daily weight gain=17.58gm

Preparation of Shed before Arrival of Chicks:-

Disinfection of Farm:-

Fumigation is the best method of disinfection.

Procedure of Fumigation:-

Fumigate the shed with formaldehyde gas. Formaldehyde gas is mixture of formalin and KMnO4(1 KMnO4:2 formalin) such as 40 gm KMN04 and 80ml formalin is sufficient for 100ft3

Procedure of Shed Washing& fumigation:-

All litter are remove from shed .Wash the floor ,walls and roof with simple water. Wash the feeder with surf and nipples drinkers with Acid. Wash the shed again with caustic soda (1kg caustic soda is enough for 1.7 ft2 area) Wash the lines of water with aqua clean(H202).Fumigate the shed with formaldehyde gas. Formaldehyde gas is mixture of formalin and KMnO4(1 KMnO4:2 formalin) such as 40 gm KMN04 and 80ml formalin is sufficient for 100ft3 .Close the shed for 1-3 days.

Information About litter:-

Litter should be use as Rice Husk .Litter should be dry .It should not be wet. If wet then cause respiratory problems and cocci such as .Depth of litter should be 2 inch.

Information About Feed:-

Type of feed =Crumble & Pellet

Types of feed used in Broiler Farm

Type of Feed Day of use Nutrient ProfileC-0 0-10 days More protein & less

energyC-1 10-20 days Less protein & more

energyC-2 20-35 days More energy than C-1C-3 35 days to onward More energy than C-2Managemental Practices in Environmentally Controlled House(ECH)

Brooding phaseremains 14days .

First 7 days are more important for production .

In winter, brooding temperature is 30-31c0.

In summer ,broodingtemperature is 32-33c0 .

During brooding humidity should be 60%.

During rearing temperature should not more than 24co and not blow it.

During rearing Humidity is 70%.

Every day o.3-o.5c decrease temperature and humidity is 60-70% .

Daily Practices:-

Early morning taking bath and changing cloths before getting into shed and then first of all check the temperature of shed and shed surrounding .

All control system is automated of cooling and fan running ,temperature setting on control panel according to weather,

Feed given by formula such as 4.1 ,4.3 ,5 ,6 and so on.

Birds twice much water as feed.

Grading of birds done every day after 15 days almost .

The feed formulation according to daily record keeping is done.

Multivitamins(Nutadek) are added in drinking water.

Racking was performed on litter to prevent litter from getting wet .

Post mortem of dead birds performed almost every day to check the reasons of dead birds.

Formalin spray done daily around the shed.

Weekly practices:-

Full week weightof birds done.

It is done every week to check the growth andFCR& F.Eof flockto know either flockgoing good or bad.

Management During Flock

First Change cloths before getting into shed and then check temperature and humidity of shed & its surrounding.

First 14 days are more important for production ,light is given 24 hours without any restriction.

Then check the ventilation are good or not ,then again check litter either wet or dry and also see the feces of birds.

Feed is given by formula as you adopt from feed formulas such as 4 ,4.5 ,5, 6 and so on.

After 15 days grading of birds done on daily basis.

Racking also done on daily basis.

Culling pen are made for illness birds .

Post mortem done on daily basis.

Vaccination schedule

Vaccination was performed according to schedule devised by Farm Manager.

Day Vaccine Name Route Available in marketDay 4 IB & ND Spray Provac ND +IB(Korrea)

New Medivac ND+IB(Hilton)Mass Clone 30(Intervet)

Day 5 ND killed Inj Provac Aink (Korrea)Medivac ND Killed (Hilton)Nobilis ND Killed (Intervet)

Day 7 IBD Drinking Water Provac IBD (Korrea)Medivac IBD – A (Hilton)Gumbro 228-E (Intervet)Bursine Two (Solvey)

Day 14 ND Clone Drinking Water Medivac ND Clone (Hilton)Nobilis ND Clone 30 (Intervet)

Day 17 IBD Drinking Water Medivac Gumbro –B (Hilton)Nobilis Gumbro D-70 (Intervet)Bursine Plus

Day 24 ND Lasoota Drinking Water Provac ND Lasoota (Korrea)Medivac ND Lasoota (Hilton)Nobilis ND Lasoota (Intervet)

Performance Parameters:-

How to calculate F.C.R

Total No. of Birds =30,000

Mortality = 600

Balance Birds =29400

Day of saling birds = 36

Average weight = 2200gm

Total Sale Weight = 58800kg

Feed bags used =1930

FCR=Average weight of birds in kg/feed consumed in kg

=58800/ 96500 =0.60

How to calculate F.E

Total No. of Birds =30,000

Mortality = 600

Balance Birds =29400

Day of saling birds = 36

Average weight = 2200gm

Total Sale Weight = 58800kg

Feed bags used =1930

F.E =Average weight of birds in kg/feed consumed in bags=58800/ 1930 =30.46

How to Calculate Uniformity

How to calculate Uniformity

If weight of different birds =20,30,40,60

Average weight= 150/4 =37.5%

According to standard requirement , one timeAdd and subtract 6, 8, 10%

=37.5×8/100 =3

So, One time add & subtract 3 from average weight of birds

upper limit =37.5+3=40.5

Lower limit =37.5-3=34.5

So, By seeing the lower and upper limit remove the birds which are come in between 40.5-34.5

= 4/4×100 =100%

Flock has 100% uniformity.

Management:-

Management is a key to achieve good production.

Prevention:-

Prevention is better than Cure and will be achieved through best Management Practices