Clinical examination

Extraoral examinationIntraoral examination

Prepared by Dr. Fatima Abdhamed

Yaffai

Objective

Examination of the patient is subdivided into three areas:

First: related to the presenting problem;

Second, to assess the patient's fitness for the proposed procedure

Third, to detect any associated or coincidental disease.

Aspects of examination

1. Inspection

2. Palpation,

3. Percussion

4. Auscultation.

Extraoral examination

General assessment

Hands

Face

neck

Hands

koilonychia or nail spooning (may suggest iron deficiency anaemia),

cyanosis or bluish discoloration (may suggest heart or lung disease).

Joint deformity

and swelling

will indicate arthritis

Palmar erythema

Dupuytren's contracture of the ring and fifth fingers

Face: Skin

Jaundice

Skin rash

Face: Conjunctivae

Pale conjunctivae Arcus senilis

Cataract

FaceSymmetry

Facesymmetry

Bell’s palsy

TMJ

Salivary glands

Lymph nodes

Lymph node

Cervical Adenopathy

Thyroid Gland examination

Intra oral examination

Normal finidings in the cheek mucosa

Fordyce’s granules

Postinflammatory pigmentation of the right buccalmucosa secondary to chronic cheek biting

Hard and soft palate

Palate. Note junction of hard and soft palate (dottedline), maxillary tuberosities (thick solid arrows), palatine fovea(thin solid arrows), rugae (broken arrows), and incisive papilla(asterisk). The midline raphe is clearly evident

Lingual frenum

Whartan’s duct

Sublingual gland

Indentations on tongue

Fissured tongue with extensive grooves and fissuresover the entire dorsal surface.

Median rhomboid glossitis

Benign

Extensive

Geographic Tonguemigratory glossitis

Physiologic pigmentation in an African-AmericanChild..

Mandibular tori in the premolar region

Exostosis

Offending tooth