COMMUNITY OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY:

COMMUNITY

OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY: BASIC CONCEPTS

DR. AHMED-REFAT

العالج الوظيفي المجتمعي مفاهيم اساسية:

1Dr. Ahmed Refat AG Refat 2011

Basic Terms and Concepts

Health

Community

Community Health

Community-based rehabilitation

Community –based services


Health – extent to which an individual or group is able to realize aspirations & satisfy needs & to change or cope with the environment;

positive concept emphasizing social & personal resources, & physical capacities

Basic Terms and Concepts-cont.,


Community –

a collective of people identified by common values & mutual concern for the development & well-being of their group or geographical area”



Community Health – both private & public efforts of individuals,

groups & organizations to promote, protect & preserve the physical, mental, social, & spiritual health of those in a community .



Occupation

Activities in which people are engaged to support their roles.

Engagement in activities, tasks and roles for the purpose of productive pursuit;

maintaining oneself in the environment; and for purposes of relaxation, entertainment, creativity and celebration;


Occupational Therapists are concerned with:

Person,

Environment ,

Occupation

Interactions


Occupation

EnvironmentPerson

OP


Person’s with disabilities typically

require some intervention in the :

Person/Environment Fit

Limitations in Activities of Daily Living

OCCUPATIONAL PERFORMANCE

OF MEANINGFUL ACTIVITIES

CHANGE CHANGE


PERSON(Intrinsic Factors)

ENVIRONMENT(Extrinsic Factors)

OCCUPATION

PERFORMANCE

HUMANS AS OCCUPATIONAL BEINGS – PEOP MODEL

Physiological

Cognitive

Spiritual

Neurobehavioral

Psychological

Social Support

Social & Economic

Systems

Culture & Values

Built Environments &

Technology

Natural Environments

WELL BEING QUALITY OF LIFE

Occupational

Performance &

Participation

(Christiansen, C. H. & Baum, C. M. (2005), Occupational Therapy; Performance, participation and well-being. Thorofare, NJ: Slack, Inc.)


OP


Community Based Service

Community Based Service – more comprehensive than rehabilitation; includes a broad range of health-related services such as prevention & health promotion; acute & chronic medical care; habilitation & rehabilitation;


Community Based Service-cont

Community Based Service – direct & indirect service provision; an

orientation to collective health needs in homes, workplaces, & community agencies; goal is for client & practitioner to become integral parts of the community


Community Based Rehabilitation

A strategy that equalizes opportunities

&

social integration of

all people with disabilities


Community Coalitions

Partnerships & coalitions bring together members of various organizations & constituencies in the community to work together for a common purpose Healthcare organizations Government agencies Neighborhood alliances Education related groups & organizations Advocacy groups Business organizations Retail outlets Local media


The Community Occupational Therapy Service

The Community Occupational Therapy Service provides help for people of all ages who experience difficulty coping with everyday activities due to disability, illness and/or the ageing process.

The aim of Occupational Therapy is to provide a comprehensive service to enable people to remain as independent as possible within the community


OT & Community Level Interventions

View the community as the client

Assess the following variables Demographic info about community

Risk factors & health behaviors

Health knowledge, attitudes & beliefs

Cultural habits, preferences & sensitivities

Environmental barriers

Availability of social support & health related services

Effective motivators for change


Attributes & Skills of Community Practitioners Professional autonomy

Flexibility & tolerance for ambiguity - Positive attitude & hopeful

Collaboration & excellent interpersonal communication

Strong organizational skills & problem solving skills

Ability to network

Program planning & evaluation skills - Visionary

Good public relations skills & awareness

Comfort with indirect service provision

Grant-writing skills

Culturally competent - Respectful & non-judgmental


Occupational Therapists are

Professionals that Serve the Public


Nature of the Work

Occupational therapists (OT’s)

help people improve their ability to perform tasks in their daily living and working environments.

work with individuals who have conditions that are mentally, physically, developmentally, or emotionally disabling.

help people develop, recover, or maintain daily living and work skills.

help clients improve basic motor functions and reasoning abilities and compensate for permanent loss of function.

Ultimate goal is to help clients have independent, productive, and satisfying lives.


Client Populations

Across the life-span – all ages

Most medical specialty populations e.g..

cardiac, pulmonary, orthopedic,

rheumatology, ophthalmology, optometry,

pediatrics, geriatrics, mental health,

ophthalmology, hand and upper extremity,

community support grouping of client

populations.


OT

Occupational therapists focus on assisting people to engage in daily life activities that they find meaningful and purposeful. Occupational therapists understand occupations and use of occupation to affect human performance and improve the effects of disease and disability.


The overall goal of OT

The overall goal of occupational therapy in community health is to help people develop the skills and obtain the supports necessary for independent, interdependent, productive living. Particular emphasis is given to interventions that result in improved quality of life and decrease hospitalization.

Occupational therapists and occupational therapy assistants provide purposeful, goal-oriented activities


Activities of O Therapist

teach and facilitate skills in:

assertiveness;

cognition (e.g., problem solving);

independent living including using community resources, home management, time management, management of medication, and safety in the home and community;

avocational interest and pursuits:

self-awareness;

interpersonal and social skills;

stress management;

activities of daily living (e.g.; hygiene);

role development (e.g., parenting);

self-sufficiency and interdependency; and

wellness.


Occupational Therapy Services

adapting the environment at home, work, and school to promote an individual's optimal functioning

providing education programs, experiential learning, and treatment groups or classes;

consulting with employers responding to requirements of local laws and regulations ;

functional evaluation and ongoing monitoring of clients for placement in jobs and housing;

providing assistance or guidance with client-run support groups;

goal setting and rehabilitation plan development with client; and

providing guidance and consultation to persons in all employment settings, including supportive employment.


Roles of O. Therapists

Occupational therapists working in the area of community mental health are provide consultation to:

adult day care centers,

day treatment centers,

home health agencies,

community rehabilitation programs,

community mental health clinics,

clubhouse programs,

outpatient psychiatric clinics,

foster care residents,

sheltered workshops,

group and private homes,

community support programs


Roles of O. Therapists-

Occupational therapists receive referrals from:

case managers, psychiatrists, social workers, psychologist, nurses, clients themselves, family,

courts, school guidance

counselors, teachers, foster care providers, family physicians, vocational counselors,

and other health

professionals.


The Community Occupational Therapy Clinic

The Community Occupational Therapy Clinic provides quality assessment, direct service and consultation for children and adults.


Areas of O.T

The therapists work collaboratively with clients and their families within the clinic and community-based settings for those with:

Developmental disorders

Learning disabilities

Behavior disturbances

Physical challenges

Neurological conditions


The Community OT Clinic

The clinic was developed to meet the following goals:

Provide quality, specialized OT evaluation and treatment intervention to clients

Provide in-service training to pre-schools, schools, parent support programs, and agencies in the community

Provide expert consultation, training and resources to community occupational therapists, other professionals and families

Provide observational opportunities and resources for individuals seeking a career in OT

Provide fieldwork placements for OT interns

Provide research opportunities for students and faculty


The Community OT Clinic

The Community Occupational Therapy Clinic is a model clinic providing holistic therapeutic interventions enhancing:

Sensory integration

Developmental approach

Behavioral approach


Community OT Services

Community Occupational Therapy Services

are divided into

five primary categories:



1- Treatment (designed to improve skills in self-care and

productivity and to promote independence)



2- Assistive Technology (includes assessment for equipment needs

including mobility aids/wheelchairs and assessments to determine the need for vehicle and home modifications).



3- Maintenance (assessment of worker's need for ongoing

support; if required,)



4- File Review



5- Time Sensitive Referrals (medically urgent situations only)


Thank You

Any questions or comments ??!!


Health & Medicine

COMMUNITY OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY: