HEART FAILURE

(HF)

Đinh Trần Xuân Trường

Nguyễn Ngọc Tú Quỳnh

Trần Thanh Tuấn

Trần Triển

Ngô Trung

Huỳnh Trọng Ân

Huỳnh An Khang

Đỗ Nhật Minh Trực

Nguyễn Hoàng Phi Yến

Members

1. Anatomy

2. Definition

3. Mechanism and Etiology

4. Classification

5. Signs and Symptoms

6. Management

7. Considerations

8. Discussion

Layout

Anatomy The heart is located in the

chest between the lungsbehind the sternum andabove the diaphragm.

It is surrounded by thepericardium.

Definition

Mechanism and Etiology

Myocardial Disease

Cardiac Output

SNS HR

Contractility vasoconstriction

RAASVasoconstriction

Na/H20Retention

Ventricular remolding

Cardiac workload

Mechanism and Etiology Heart failure occurs because the heart muscle is damaged.

It has many causes, the most common being :

Coronary heart disease (CHD), particularly a past heart attack

Abnormally high blood pressure (hypertension)

As CHD is the most common cause of heart failure, major risk factors for CHD also

increase the risk of heart failure. These include:

Abnormally high cholesterol levels (hyperlipidemia)

Smoking

Hypertension

Diabetes

Obesity

Classification Onset: Acute heart failureChronic heart failure

Affected side of the heart :Left heart failure Right heart failure

Or:Systolic dysfunctionDiastolic dysfunction

Classification

Classification

What Are The Symptoms of Heart Failure? Think FACES ...

Fatigue

Activities limited

Chest congestion

Edema or ankle swelling

Shortness of breath

Symptoms

Left sided heart failure Dyspnea on exertion

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea

Tachycardia

Cough

Hemoptysis

Symptoms

12

Right sided heart failure

Abdominal Pain

Anorexia

Nausea

Bloating

Swelling

Symptoms

13

Management

14

Reduce the respiratory and cardiac workload

Reduce agitation of patient

Induce diruresis & vasodilatation

Reduce respiratory rate

Decrease heart rate

Establish the cause and treat

Management

15

Myocardialdysfunction

Increased load

Neurohormonalactivation

Cardiomyocytedysfunction

Cell Death

Heart failureTherapy of HF

Drug therapy

Gene therapy

Cell transplantation

Heart transplantation

Drug therapy

Clinic – based service:

This involves the establishment of a specific heart failure clinic that is

usually situated in the hospital outpatient department.

Follow-up after hospitalisation

Home – based service :

”The Heart Manual”

A home-based programme for low- to moderate-risk patients

Hybrid service :

Comprising home plus clinic-based follow-up.

Management

ConsiderationNon – Pharmacologic

Diet

• Alcohol

• Smoking

Exercise

Cardiac rehab

Palliative Services

Social Support

Pharmacologic

ACE-Inhibitors

Beta-blockers

Spironolactone

Diuretics

Digoxin

Discussion