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G:G=:BGM>KG:MBHG:E "# !(+%*($+&)($' 15/478:508: 273296298: 1ABDFD?DGFAJ N ?E=JDBD?=?DQF "!""!# "3.02/885"086#3898947087621408

NANDA I - 2012-2014

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  • 1. G : G = : BG M > K G : M BH G : E " # !(+%*($+&)($' 15/478:;508: 273296298: 1ABDFD?DGFAJ N ?E=JDBD?=?DQF " !" " !# ;;;"3.02/885"086#3898947087621408

2. Iq]_dW Z[b_X[hWZWc[dj[ [d XbWdYe 3. G:G=: Bdj[hdWj_edWb ;@8>DIJ@:EI DIJ@:EI Z_jWZe feh M) A[Wj^[h A[hZcWd' I^=' KG iopan`]i ?]n_ahkj] ?_efejc ?kopkj Ceh]`ahbe] Ikj`nao J]`ne` BIPBSFBO Jzte_k Jehyj J~je_d Lnh]j`k M]n{o Oki] P{`jau Qkgek Qknkjpk 6. >EL>OB>K Sanoe}j aj aol]|kh `a h] k^n] knecej]h aj ejchzo F9FR necdpo naoanra`+ >qpdkneoa` pn]joh]pekj bnki pda Bjcheod h]jcq]ca a`epekj lq^heoda` ^u Gkdj Tehau # Pkjo Ieiepa`+ Oaolkjo]^ehepu bkn pda ]__qn]_u kb pda pn]joh]pekj naopo okhahu sepd Bhoarean F^ank]izne_] ]j` eo jkp naolkjo]^ehepu kb Gkdj Tehau # Pkjo Ieiepa`+ Kk l]np kb pdeo ^kkg i]u ^a nalnk`q_a` ej ]ju bkni sepdkqp pda sneppaj lanieooekj kb pda knecej]h _kl&Qcdp dkh`an) Gkdj Tehau # Pkjo Ieiepa`+ B`epkn Q+ Ea]pdan Ean`i]j) MdA) OK Qn]`q__e}j A+ M]qh @ynpan+ J> %Pk_ P`&) JQJ .#/) OP> Ael QBCI) ABIB %Pql& A|]+ Pqo]j] J]np{j Fchaoe]o+ Oaolkjo]^ha `a @ajpnko`aP]hq`) Aena__e}j >oeopaj_e]h Pqn`a>paj_e}j Mnei]ne]) Panre_ekJ]`neha|k `a P]hq`+ Se_alnaoe`ajp] `a >BKQAB %>ok_e]_e}j Bol]|kh] `a Kkiaj_h]pqn]) Q]tkjki{] u Ae]cj}ope_ko `a Bjbanian{]& Oareoe}j @kkn`ej]_e}j7 An]+ >qnkn] Nqank Oqb{yj+ Mnkbaokn] `a h] Bo_qah] Rjeranoep]ne] Sencaj `a h]o Kearao) ]`o_nep] ] h] Rjeranoe`]` `a Dn]j]`]+ Mnaoe`ajp] `a >BKQAB A|]+ Pqo]j] J]np{j Fchaoe]o+ Bmqelk `a nareoe}j7 An]+ Okoan hr]nav Jen}+ Mnkbaokn] Qepqh]n+ Bo_qah] `a Bjbanian{] Rjeranoe`]` `a ?]n_ahkj]+ Qaoknan] `a h] Gqjp] Aena_per] `a >BKQAB A+ Gkoz Iqeo >nzfqh] Qknnao+ Aena__e}j Qz_je_] `a Peopai]o `a Fjbkni]_e}j) Aena__e}j Dajan]h `a >paj_e}j Mnei]ne]) Paj]`k J]`neha|k `a P]hq`+ Sk_]h `a h] Gqjp] Aena_per] `a >BKQAB A|]+ Okoan @]`aj] e @]^]hhank+ >`fqjp] ] h] Aena__e}j `a Bjbanian{]) Ekolep]h @h{je_ `a ?]n_ahkj]+ Sk_]h `a h] Gqjp] Aena_per] `a >BKQAB A|]+ Oko]nek Canjyj`av Ch}nav+ Mnkbaokn] ]ok`]`] `a h] Bo_qah] Rjeranoep]ne] `a Bjbanian{] u Ceoekpan]le] `a h] Rjeranoe`]` `a Lrea`k+ Oaolkjo]^ha Ce]j`kj]h `ah na] `a Bjbanian{] `a h] @kjoafan{] `a P]je`]` `ah Mnej`l]`k `a >opqne]o+ Sk_]h `a h] Gqjp] Aena_per] `a >BKQAB An]+ J[ Qanao] Ihq_d*@]jqp+ @]pa`nype_] `a Bjbanian{] Moe_kok_e]h u P]hq` Jajp]h+ Bo_qah] `a Bjbanian{] Rjeranoe`]` `a ?]n_ahkj]+ Sk_]h `a h] Gqjp] Aena_per] `a >BKQAB An]+ Oko] Oeb] Oko+ Mnkbaokn] `a Cqj`]iajpko `a Bjbanian{]) C]_qhp]` `a @eaj_e]o `a h] P]hq` ?h]jmqai] `a h] Rjeranoe`]` O]i}j Ihqhh+ Pa_nap]ne] `a h] Gqjp] Aena_per] `a >BKQAB A|]+ Jan_a`ao Rc]h`a >l]h]pacqe+ Mnkbaokn] Qepqh]n+ Bo_qah] `a Bjbanian{] Rjeranoe`]` `a ?]n_ahkj]+ Sk_]h `a ] Gqjp] Aena_per] `a >BKQAB /-.0 BhoaYyan Bol]|]) P+I+ Qn]raooan] `a Dn]`]) .4*/. * -5-/. ?]n_ahkj]+ Bol]|] Ckpk_kle]n ao qj `ahepk %>np+ /4- @+M+& M]n] mqa ateop]j he^nko ao ja_ao]nek ah pn]^]fk `a qj eilknp]jpa _kha_perk %]qpknao) pn]`q_pknao) `e^qf]jpao) _knna_pknao) eilnaoknao) a`epknao+++&+ Bh lnIj`l]h ^ajabe`]nek `a aoa aobqanvk ao ah ha_pkn mqa ]lnkra_d] oq _kjpaje`k+ Nqeaj bkpk_kle] qj he^nk) aj h]o `n_qjop]j_e]o lnareop]o lkn h] hau) `ahejmqa u _kjpne^qua ] h] jk ateopaj`] `a jqar]o a`e_ekjao+ >`aiyo) ] _knpk lh]vk) aj_]na_a ah lna_ek `a h]o u] ateopajpao+ Bopa he^nk aopy hac]hiajpa lnkpace`k lkn hko `ana_dko `a lnklea`]` ejpaha_pq]h+ @q]hmqean qok) bqan] `a hko h{iepao aop]^ha``ko lkn h] haceoh]_e}j recajpa) oej ah _kjoajpeieajpk `ah a`epkn) ao ehac]h+ Bopk oa ]lhe_] aj l]npe_qh]n ] h] nalnk`q_`}j) bkpk_kle]) pn]`q__e}j) cn]^]_e}j k _q]hmqean kpnk oeopai] `a na_qlan]_e}j `a ]hi]_aj]fa `a ejbkni]_e}j+ FP?K a`e_e}j knecej]h7 645*-*14-3*215/*5 FP?K a`e_e}j aol]|kh]7 645*51*6-//*-/3*6 Aal}oepk hac]h7 ?*/2/42*/-./ PanY`_eko a`epkne]hao7 AOH B`e`}j @}ik _ep]n aop] k^n] %>iane_]j Mou_dkhkce_]h >ook_e]pekj&7 Ean`i]j) QE+ %/-./& %B`+&+ K>KA> Fjpanj]pekj]h+ Ae]cj}ope_ko Bjbanianko+ Aabeje_ekjao u @h]oebe_]_e}j+ /-./*/-.1+ ?]n_ahkj]7 Bhoarean 7. :`_eV_ZU`d ?juV YZ F9FnY[ie Z[ lebkc[d Z[ bsgk_Zei 0& Mkn mqz jk pk`ko hko `e]cj}ope_ko iqaopn]j qj jerah `a are`aj_e] %KAB&< K>KA> Fjpanj]pekj]h jk ailav} ] qo]n hko _nepaneko KAB d]op] /--/8 ]o{ mqa hko `e]cj}ope_ko mqa _kjpaj{] h] Q]tkjki{] ]jpao `a ]mqahh] ba_d] jk iqaopn]j _nepaneko hcqjko `a hko `e]cj}ope_ko peajaj nabanaj_e]o) lank jk pk`ko+ Mkn mqz K>KA>*F jk ej_hqua pk`]o h]o nabanaj_e]o qo]`]o l]n] pk`ko hko `e]cj}ope_ko< K>KA>*F jk ailav} ] lq^he_]n h]o nabanaj_e]o d]op] d]_a lk_k+ @kiajv]iko le`eaj`k mqa mqeajao na]hev]j lnaoajp]_ekjao e`ajpebe_]n]j h]o pnao nabanaj_e]o iyo eilknp]jpao) u okj h]o mqa oa lq^he_]nkj+ Pkh]iajpa aj jqaopn] ~hpei] a`e_e}j %/--6* /-..& ailav]iko ] lq^he_]n h] heop] _kilhap] `a h]o nabanaj_e]o) `a^e`k ]h cn]j j~iank `a lape_ekjao mqa na_e^eiko ok^na h] ^e^hekcn]b{] _kjoqhp]`] l]n] `ebanajpao `e]cj}ope_ko+ L^re]iajpa) oac~j ajrafav_] ah `e]cj}ope_k) ]o{ hk d]nyj h]o nabanaj_e]o ] iajko mqa oa nareoaj hko `e]cj}ope_ko+ Bo lnk^]^ha mqa `afaiko `a lq^he_]n h]o nabanaj_e]o `aolqzo `a `ko k pnao _e_hko) lank h]o i]jpaj`naiko aj h] oa__e}j Kdad eVgV E^ZbWgdh `a h] sa^ `a K>KA> Fjpanj]pekj]h) l]n] ah qok `a hko ejraopec]`knao u `a ]mqahhko mqa mqean]j ]__a`an ] aop] ejbkni]_e}j+ hhZg hcqjko `a hko _]l{pqhko d]j oe`k okiape`ko ] nareoekjao eilknp]jpao) ieajpn]o kpnko okj _kilhap]iajpa jqarko l]n] aop] a`e_e}j+ Jq_dko `a aopko _]l{pqhko peajaj oqo _knnaolkj`eajpao lnaoajp]_ekjao `a MksanMkejp) `eolkje^hao l]n] lnkbaoknao u aopq`e]jpao) mqa ]qiajp]j h] ejbkni]_e}j mqa oa aj_qajpn] `ajpnk `a hko _]l{pqhko8 ]l]na_aj e_kjko aj hko _]l{pqhko mqa peajaj aop]o dann]ieajp]o `a ]lkuk+ Kk d]_a b]hp] `a_en mqa h] `a`e_]_e}j `a r]ne]o lanokj]o ]h pn]^]fk `a K>KA> Fjpanj]pekj]h oa lkja `a i]jebeaopk aj oq ejranoe}j `a peailk u pn]^]fk l]n] iafkn]n aopa patpk+ Bopa patpk ao h] _qhiej]_e}j `ah ej_]jo]^ha pn]^]fk rkhqjp]nek `a qj cnqlk `a lanokj]o _kj cn]j `a`e_]_e}j u `a ajknia p]hajpk+ Nqeoean] ]lnkra_d]n aop] klknpqje* `]` l]n] na_kjk_an u ]cn]`a_an lanokj]hiajpa ] h]o oecqeajpao lanokj]o oqo _kjpne^q* _ekjao ] aopa patpk+ :kjeh[i Z[ bei YWfsjkbei @kjpne^q_ekjao ] h] Q]tkjki{] `a K>KA>*F %jqar]o& * ?appu >_ghau) JPK) OK+ I] Q]tkjki{] FF `a K>KA>*F * Q+ Ea]pdan Ean`i]j) MdA) OK u Dqni Skj Hnkcd) JKP_) OK+ S]hkn]_e}j) fqe_ek _h{je_k u `e]cj}ope_ko ajbanianko7 _}ik `apaniej]n `e]cj}ope_ko lna_eoko %nareoe}j& * J]nc]nap Iqjjau) MdA) OK %nareoe}j&+ Bh `e]cj}ope_k ajbaniank aj h] bkni]_e}j %jqark& * ?]n^]n] Hn]ejkre_d*Jehhan B`A) OK) MJE@KP*?@) >KBB) C>>K8 Bnepv Bn]qajbah`an) JKP) B`K) OK8 J]ne] Jhhan* Pp]q^) MdA) OK+ Ae]cj}ope_ko ajbanianko a ejraopec]_e}j %jqark& * J]nc]nap Iqjjau) MdA) OK u J]ne] Jhhan*Pp]q^) MdA) OK+ Bh r]hkn `a `e]cj}ope_ko ajbanianko aj hko naceopnko `a o]hq` aha_pn}je_ko %jqark& * G]ja J+ ?nkgah) MdA) OK) H]u @+ >r]jp) MdA) OK) B>>K u J]ppde]o L`aj^naep) JKP) OK+ Gqe_ek _h{je_k u `e]cj}ope_ko ajbanianko aj h] caope}j `a ajbanian{] %jqark& * Q+ Ea]pdan Ean`i]j) MdA) OK u J]n_ahk @d]|ao) MdA%_&) OK+ @h]oebe_]_ekjao ajbanian]o7 _nepaneko u ar]hq]_e}j %jqark& * J]ppde]o L`aj^naep) JKP) OK) J]ne] Jhhan*Pp]q^) MdA) OK) G]ja J+ ?nkgah) MdA) OK) H]u @+ >r]jp) MdA) OK) B>>K u D]eh Haaj]j) MdA) OK+ Mnk_aok l]n] ah `ao]nnkhhk `a qj `e]cj}ope_k ajbaniank ]lnk^]`k lkn K>KA>*F %nareoe}j& * Ia]ni P_nkccejo) JP) @OOK*>) >MOK*?@) OK+ K[l_ieh[i Z[ bei YWfsjkbei K>KA>*F AA@ Mnk_aok `a Oareoe}j * Pdecaie H]iepoqnq) MdA) OK+ Mnk_aok l]n] ah `ao]nnkhhk `a qj `e]cj}ope_k ajbaniank ]lnk^]`k lkn K>KA>*F * Dqni Skj Hnkcd) JKP_) OK+ 4P[JMNLRVRNW]X hhg 28. Ae_dk hk ]jpanekn) _q]haomqean] annknao mqa oa aj_qajpnane aj aopa he^nk okj i{ko u okhk i{ko+ Mkn b]rkn) _kjpy_paia aj ata_`en=j]j`]+knc oe peaja lnacqjp]o ok^na _q]hmqean l]npa `ah _kjpaje`k k oe aj_qajpn] annknao) l]n] mqa lqa`] _knnacenhko l]n] lq^he_]_e}j u pn]`q__e}j bqpqn]o+ Q+ Ea]pdan Ean`i]j) MdA) OK B`epkn Bta_qpera Aena_pkn K>KA> Fjpanj]pekj]h Gk[lei Z_W]duij_Yei [d[hc[hei' -+,-(-+,/ Rj] l]npa eilknp]jpa `a pn]^]fk _kilqaopk `a `e]cj}ope_ko ajbanianko jqarko u nare* o]`ko bqa lnklkn_ekj]`k ] hko ieai^nko `a K>KA> Fjpanj]pekj]h aj aopa _e_hk l]n] oq _kjoe`an]_e}j+ > K>KA> Fjpanj]pekj]h ha cqop]n{] ]lnkra_d]n aop] klknpeie`]` l]n] bahe_ep]n ] h]o lanokj]o mqa lnaoajp]nkj `e]cj}ope_ko mqa _kjoecqeankj _qilhen hko _ne* paneko `a jerah `a are`aj_e] _kj oqo lnklqaop]o u,k nareoekjao+ Iko `e]cj}ope_ko oa heop]j ]mq{ aj kn`aj ]hb]^zpe_k) oac~j ah j~_hak `e]cj}ope_k+ 2LDJQaVWLFR DSUREDGR QXHYR DRNPX MN KJSJ DXWRHVWLPD L[gWRLJ 1RQWURO GH LPSXOVRV RWNOeLJb DRNPX MN LFWHULFLD WNXWJ]JU DRNPX MN ][J]X[WX MN UJ LGHQWLGDG SHUVRQDO 8HFKH PDWHUQD RW^OeLRNW]N DRNPX MN OHVLaQ W^UPLFD DRNPX MN RMR VHFR DRNPX MN SHUIXVLaQ WLVXODU YN[ROd[RLJ RWNOeLJb DRNPX MN SODQLILFDFLaQ RWNOeLJb GH ODV DFWLYLGDGHV B[c DeYW]Wb @wb[h' FLY' KG6 Bic[j >y[h' I^=' KG K_jW Z[ Z' KFP' KG6 :jikae DeoWcW' KFP' KG6 FWikae LW_je' =hFL' KFP' KG6 Meoe QWcWpWa_' KFP' KG6 FWokc_ AWcWiWa_' FIA' KFP' KG6 L^_][c_ DWc_jikhk' I^=' KG hhgZ 4P[JMNLRVRNW]X 29. 2LDJQaVWLFR DSUREDGR QXHYR DRNPX MN SURFHVR GH PDWHUQLGDG RWNORLJb DRNPX MN UHDFFLaQ DGYHUVD D PHGLRV GH FRQWUDVWH [RGDGRV =HODFLaQ RWNORLJb DRNPX MN UHODFLaQ RWNORLJb Z' KFP' KG6 :jikae DeoWddW' KFP' KG6 FWikae LWbje' =hFL' KFP' KG6 Meoe QWcWpWa_' KFP' KG6 FWokc_ AWcWiWa_' FIA' KFP' KG6 L^_][c_ DWc_jikhk' I^=' KG ;[Wjh_p Z' KFP' KG6 :jikae DeoWcW' KFP' KG6 FWikae LWbje' =hFL' KFP' KG6 Meoe QWcWpWa_' KFP' KG6 FWokc_ AWcWiWa_' FIA' KFP' KG6 L^_][c_ DWc_jikhk' I^=' KG Z' KFP' KG6 :jikae DeoWcW' KFP' KG6 FWikae LWbje' =hFL' KFP' KG6 Meoe QWcWpWa_' KFP' KG6 FWokc_ AWcWiWa_' FIA' KFP' KG6 L^_][c_ DWc_jikhk' I^=' KG DRNPX MN UHVSXHVWD DO^UJLFD CkZo Z=' KG' ;DOXG MNORLRNW]N MN UJ LXV^WRMJM CkZo Z=' KG' ;jk [`X^eyjk`Zf j i`ZlekiX e cX IXik , [ jk c`Yif p c KA>*F+ Saejpa `e]cj}o* pe_ko d]j oe`k naq^e_]`ko `ajpnk `a h] Q]tkjki{] `a K>KA> Fjpanj]pekj]h8 aopyj heop]`ko aj h] oecqeajpa p]^h]) _kj oqo lkoe_ekjao ]jpaneknao u jqar]o aj h] Q]tkjki{]+ 2LDJQaVWLFR HQIHUPHUR @ELFDFLaQ SUHYLD @ELFDFLaQ QXHYD 2RPLQLR 1ODVH 7dOeLR] MN DFWLYLGDGHV :Yj_l_ZWZ*K[feie :Yj_l_ZWZ* UHFUHDWLYDV FNWMNWLRJ J JMXY]J[ :hedjWc_[dje* FRQGXFWDV MN Meb[hWdY_W Wb [RNPX SDUD OD VDOXG [ijhri IheceY_ud Z[ bW iWbkZ 2HVFXLGR SHUVRQDO 2HWHULRUR JHQHUDOLDGR MNU JM^U]X 3VWLOR GH YLGD NMNW]J[RX 7PSRWHQFLD `[hY_Y_e K[ifk[ijW Z[ WhedjWc_[dje @[ij_ud Z[ bW iWbkZ `[hY_Y_e :kjef[hY[fY_ud :kjeYedY[fje DRNPX MN LPSRWHQFLD :kjef[hY[fY_ud :kjeYedY[fje 8DFWDQFLD PDWHUQD RWNORLJb 7RYXRLRgW YJ[J VNSX[J[ UJ ODFWDQFLD PDWHUQD `[hY_Y_e 2RPLQLR L[]kh_ZWZ* Ihej[YY_ud :Yj_l_ZWZ*K[feie K[ifk[ijWi L[]kh_ZWZ* YWhZ_elWiYkbWh[i* Ihej[YY_ud fkbcedWh[i :Yj_l_ZWZ*K[feie K[ifk[ijWi L[]kh_ZWZ* YWhZ_elWiYkbWh[i* Ihej[YY_ud fkbcedWh[i I[hY[fY_ud* gk_b_Xh_e Z[ bW [d[h]sW KA>*F,KF@,KL@ %KKK&+ Peapa `e]cj}ope_ko d]j oe`k naq^e_]`ko `ajpnk `a h] p]tkjki{] `a h] KKK8 aopyj heop]`ko aj h] oecqeajpa p]^h]) _kj oqo lkoe_ekjao ]jpaneknao u jqar]o aj h] Q]tkjki{]+ 2LDJQaVWLFR HQIHUPHUR FNWMNWLRJ J JMXY]J[ FRQGXFWDV MN [RNPX SDUD OD VDOXG 2HWHULRUR JHQHUDOLDGR MNU JM^U]X DRNPX MN JU]N[JLRgW MN UJ GLDGD PDWHUQR#IHWDO 8DFWDQFLD PDWHUQD RWNORLJb 7RYXRLRgW YJ[J VNSX[J[ UJ ODFWDQFLD PDWHUQD `[hY_Y_e N N N 4P[JMNLRVRNW]X 33. 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Bj aopa ]l]np]`k lnaoajp]iko aopko _]l{pqhko mqa d]j oe`k ao_nepko lajo]j`k aj pnao ]q`eaj_e]o+ Iko _]l{pqhko ]^kn`]j h]o ja_aoe`]`ao `a aopq`e]jpao) ajbanian]o aj ]_perk u lnkbaoknao `a ajbanian{]+ I] sa^ `a ]lkuk ]h patpk kbna_a lnaoajp]_ekjao MksanMkejp l]n] _kilhaiajp]n h] ejbkni]_e}j lnklkn_ekj]`] aj _]`] _]l{pqhk+ b Z_W]duij_Ye [d[hc[he [d bW ehcWY_ud 5J[KJ[J >[JRWX_RLQ%@RUUN[$ 9[e]b 9[J^NWONUMN[$ @J[eJ @iUUN[%E]J^K Bo_nepk lnej_el]hiajpa l]n] lnkbaoknao `a ajbanian{]) hko ]qpknao oa ^]o]j aj ah _]l{pqhk / u lnklkn_ekj]j r]ne]o aopn]pace]o `a ajoa|]jv] l]n] _kjoacqen qj ]lnaj`ev]fa atepkok `ah lnk_aok ajbaniank u aola_{be_]iajpa `ah n]vkj]ieajpk `e]cj}ope_k ajbaniank u fqe_ek _h{je_k+ Pa `a^]pa p]jpk h] eilknp]j_e] `a lneknev]n hko `e]cj}ope_ko) _kik h] rej* _qh]_e}j _kj hko naoqhp]`ko oajoe^hao ] h] lny_pe_] ajbanian] u h]o ejpanraj_ekjao ajban* ian]o+ E]u dann]ieajp]o `a aopq`ek `eolkje^hao l]n] _kilhaiajp]n aopa _]l{pqhk+ B b lWbeh Z[ bei Z_W]duij_Yei [d[hc[hei e [d bei h[]_ijhei Z[ iWbkZ [b[Yjhud_Yei !H eB =JWN @& 5[XTN $ >Ja 6& 4_JW]N @J]]QRJ BMNWK[NR] .$ Bopa _]l{pqhk pn]p] r]ne]o i]jan]o aj mqa h]o nalnaoajp]_ekjao `a hko fqe_eko _h{je_ko c* ajbanianko aopyj ejpacn]`]o aj naceopnko `a o]hq` aha_pn}je_ko+ Pa `ao_ne^aj aopn]pace]o B l]n] aopq`e]jpao `a lnacn]`k u `a lkocn]`k) lnkbaoknao u aola_e]heop]o aj ejbkniype_] _h{je_]+ Pa `eo_qpaj h]o `ebanajpao okhq_ekjao `a lnkraa`knao) ]`aiyo `a hko izpk`ko F l]n] ]oacqn]n mqa ah _kjpaje`k ajbaniank aopz ej_hqe`k aj hko naceopnko+ E]u dann]ieaj* = p]o `a aopq`ek `eolkje^hao l]n] _kilhaiajp]n aopa _]l{pqhk+ 9X[VJLRgW N KA>*F+ I]o ejraopec]_ek* jao `a^]pe`]o ej_hquaj aopq`eko `a ]jyheoeo _kj_alpq]h) r]he`]_e}j `a _kjpaje`k) r]he`]* _e}j `a _kjopnq_pk) r]he`]_e}j `a _nepanek u r]he`]_e}j lkn _kjoajok+ >`aiyo) oa nareo]j aopq`eko l]n] aop]^ha_an h] oajoe^ehe`]`) h] aola_ebe_e`]` u ah r]hkn lna`e_perk `a ej`e_]* `knao _h{je_ko aj lk^h]_ekjao aola_{be_]o) aopq`eko `a h] lna_eoe}j `a hko `e]cj}ope_ko ajbanianko u aopq`eko `a eilhaiajp]_e}j+ E]u dann]ieajp]o `a aopq`ek `eolkje^hao l]n] _kilhaiajp]n aopa _]l{pqhk+ KA>*F) KL@ u KF@ oa `a^]pa lkn h] ja_aoe`]` `a fqopebe_]n hko oqah`ko `a h]o ajban* ian]o u ]lku]n hko ik`ahko `a _qe`]`ko ajbanianko+ Q]i^ezj oa d]^h] `a h] ja_aoe`]` `a mqa hko afa_qperko u caopknao ajbanianko naol]h`aj h] eilhaiajp]_e}j) qpehev]_e}j u ar]hq]_e}j `ah _qe`]`k u h] lny_pe_] ajbanian]+ E]u dann]ieajp]o `a aopq`ek `eolkje* ^hao l]n] _kilhaiajp]n aopa _]l{pqhk+ Ja 6& 4_JW]$ :JRU >NNWJW I] atl]joe}j `a hko naceopnko `a o]hq` aha_pn}je_ko aj ajpknjko _h{je_ko iei`e]hao lna* oajp] ]_pq]hiajpa qj] `eranoe`]` `a napko l]n] h]o ajbanian]o aj h] lny_pe_]+ Bjpna ahhko) ao _nq_e]h h] ja_aoe`]` `a ]oacqn]n h] `eolkje^ehe`]` `a oeopai]o `a _h]oebe_]_e}j ajban* ian] mqa laniep]j h] `k_qiajp]_e}j oacqn] `a hko fqe_eko _h{je_ko ^]o]`ko aj h] are* `aj_e] ej oepq aj h] lny_pe_] _h{je_]+ Iko ]qpknao nareo]j r]neko aomqai]o `a _h]oebe_]_e}j u ^e^hekcn]b{] l]n] lnklkn_ekj]n ]hceiko ]ola_pko _h]rao) _kj ah bej `a ]uq`]n aj oq `a_eoe}j ] hko mqa oa ajbnajp]j ]h napk `a `apaniej]n _qyh `a h]o paniejkhkc{]o `a _h]oe* be_]_e}j ajbanian] oa ]`]lp] iafkn ] h]o ja_aoe`]`ao `a h]o ajbanian]o mqa lnklkn_ek* j]j _qe`]`ko+ Jq_d]o ra_ao h]o lanokj]o mqa peajaj mqa pki]n h] `a_eoe}j jk peajaj qj _kjk_eieajpk lna_eok `a hko b]_pknao ] b]rkn u aj _kjpn] `a h]o `ebanajpao _h]oebe_]_ekjao u lqa`aj at]iej]n okh]iajpa qjk k `ko _nepaneko ]h d]_an qj] aha__e}j+ Pa `a^]pa qj] c]i] ]ilhe] `a _nepaneko) naol]h`]`ko lkn h] hepan]pqn] ajbanian]) u oa nareo]j hko oeopa* i]o qo]j`k qj] i]pnev `a _h]oebe_]_e}j ^]o]`] aj h] hepan]pqn]+ h lnej_elek) oa `ao_ne^e} ah lnk_aok ajban* iank _kj _q]pnk _kilkjajpao7 r]hkn]_e}j) lh]jebe_]_e}j) afa_q_e}j u ar]hq]_e}j+ Mk_k `aolqzo) h]o h{`anao aj ajbanian{] na_kjk_eankj mqa ah oecjebe_]`k `a hko `]pko `a h] r]hk* n]_e}j `a^{] oan e`ajpebe_]`k ]jpao `a lk`an lh]jebe_]nu d]_an ejpanraj_ekjao+ >_pq]hiajpa) ah lnk_aok ajbaniank oa `abeja _kik qj lnk_aok _{_he_k `a _ej_k l]npao mqa ej_hqua r]hk* n]_e}j) `e]cj}ope_k) lh]jebe_]_e}j) eilhaiajp]_e}j u ar]hq]_e}j %>iane_]j Kqnoao >ook_e]pekj) /-.-8 Akajcao # Jkkndkqoa) /--58 Tehgejokj) /--4&+ I]o ajbanian]o e`ajpebe_]j ah oecjebe_]`k `a hko `]pko `a h] r]hkn]_e}j ia`e]jpa ah qok `ah fqe_ek _h{je_k+ Bh fqe_ek _h{je_k oa `abeja _kik qj] ejpanlnap]_e}j k _kj_hqoe}j ok^na h]o ja_aoe`]`ao) lnak_ql]_ekjao k lnk^hai]o `a o]hq` `a qj l]_eajpa) u,k h] `a_eoe}j `a na]hev]n ]__ekjao %k jk&) qpehev]n k ik`ebe_]n hko izpk`ko aopyj`]nao k eilnkreo]n qjko jqarko) oac~j hk mqa oa _kjoe`an] _knna_pk ^]oyj`koa aj h] naolqaop] `ah l]_eajpa %Q]jjan) /--3) lyc+ /-1&+ I]o ajbanian]o _kjop]jpaiajpa qo]j ah fqe_ek _h{je_k l]n] `]n oajpe`k ] hko `]pko `a h] r]hkn]_e}j _kik ^]oa l]n] h] na]hev]_e}j `a h]o ejpanraj_ekjao ajbanian]o mqa ailha]j _kj ah bej `a _kjoacqen naoqhp]`ko lkoeperko l]n] h] o]hq`+ Bj _]`] _]ok aj mqa oa ]uq`] ] h]o lanokj]o ] aop]n o]j]o) h]o ajbanian]o `a^aj ejpan* lnap]n hko `]pko `a h] r]hkn]_e}j) lknmqa pk`ko hko oanao dqi]jko) ej_hqok h]o ajbanian]o) pajaiko _]l]_e`]`ao heiep]`]o `a iaikne] ] _knpk lh]vk u iaikne] `a pn]^]fk %X]nnkh` # Qksoa) /--3&+ I] iaikne] ] _knpk lh]vk ao h] d]^ehe`]` `a ]hi]_aj]n k i]jpajan ejbkni]_e}j `qn]jpa qj lan{k`k `a peailk heiep]`k %lyc+ 06&+ I] iaikne] `a pn]^]fk ao h] d]^ehe`]` `a i]jpajan ejbkni]_e}j aj h] iajpa `qn]jpa h] i]jelqh]_e}j a ejpa* cn]_e}j `a kpn] ejbkni]_e}j l]n] _kjoacqen ei k^faperk _kcjeperk %lyc+ 06&+ Iko k^faperko _kcjeperko ajbanianko ej_hquaj `apaniej]n h] naolqaop] `a qj l]_eajpa ] qj lnk^hai] `a o]hq`) k mqz ejpanraj_ekjao oan{]j iyo ~pao+ Rj afailhk oaj_ehhk l]n] ehqopn]n _}ik `a nyle`k u by_eh h]o lanokj]o lqa`aj iajp]hiajpa _kjranpen hko `]pko na_kleh]`ko aj qj] ejpanlnap]_e}j `a ahhko) ao ejpanlnap]n oe ]hcqeaj ao dki^na k iqfan+ Bop] ejpanlnap]* _e}j oa ^]o] aj qjko /- ^epo `a `]pko) _kik ah lahk u ah aopehk `a h] nkl] mqa hhar]) ah hajcq]fa _knlkn]h) h] aopnq_pqn] b]_e]h) ah jki^na u h] rkv+ Kk jko ]_kn`]iko `a hko ^epo `a `]pko8 okh]iajpa jko ]_kn`]iko `a h] ejpanlnap]_e}j %dki^na k iqfan&+ Pe h] ajbanian] `a_e`a ]uq`]n ] qj l]_eajpa ] l]o]n `a h] _]i] ] h] oehh]) oa ^]o] aj h] ejpanlnap]_e}j `a hko `]pko mqa ej`e_]j mqa ah l]_eajpa `aoa] k ja_aoep] har]jp]noa `a h] _]i] u ja_aoep] ]uq`] l]n] l]o]n `a zop] ] h] oh]+ >hcqjko `a hko `]pko mqa h] ajbanian] lqa`a _kjoe`an]n l]n] d]_an aop] ejpanlnap]_e}j okj mqa ah l]_eajpa aopy aj ah lneian `{] `ah lkopklan]pknek `a _enqc{] ]^`kiej]h) mqa d] i]jebaop]`k `khkn u mqa `e_a mqa oa oeajpa `z^eh+ Iko `e]cj}ope_ko ajbanianko okj ejpanlnap]_ekjao _eajp{be_]o lnk_a`ajpao `a hko `]pko `a r]hkn]_e}j mqa oa qo]j l]n] cqe]n ] h]o ajbanian]o aj h] lh]jebe_]_e}j) eilhaiaj* p]_e}j u ar]hq]_e}j+ Mkn afailhk) h]o ajbanian]o naailh]v]j iajp]hiajpa `]pko) _kik F9Fcjm`i >jgXxX% L'E' KjimX[fj kf[fj cfj [iZ_fj' 137. _khkn `a leah ]vqh]`k) ]hpk aobqanvk naolen]pknek u knpklja]) _kj h]o ejpanlnap]_ekjao `a hko `]pko) _kik HVigwc gZhe^gVidg^d ^cUXVo) Pkhk 3 ]|ko `aolqzo `a mqa Vqn] u T]hod `ao_ne^ean]j ah lnk_aok ajbaniank aj .634) `ko ajbanian]o `a Pp+ Ikqeo) Jeookqne) %BB+RR+& knc]jev]nkj h] lneian] _kjbanaj_e] l]n] e`ajpebe_]n h]o ejpanlnap]_ekjao `a hko `]pko mqa nalnaoajp]j hko baj}iajko `a ejpanzo l]n] h]o ajbanian]o+ Fjrep]nkj ] l]npe_el]n ] .-- ajbanian]o `a Bop]`ko Rje`ko u @]j]`y %Da^^ea) .665&+ Cqa h] lneian] _kjbanaj_e] ok^na `e]cj}ope_ko ajbanianko) aj h] mqa oa e`ajpebe_]nkj u `abejeankj 5- `a aopko `e]cj}ope_ko+ Aao`a ajpkj_ao) h] heop] `a `e]cj}ope_ko ]lnk^]`ko oa d] e`k napej]j`k u d] e`k _na_eaj`k ] ei nepik _kjop]jpa ia`e]jpa naqjekjao nacqh]nao u _kj ah pn]^]fk `a hko ieai^nko `a h] ]ok_e]_e}j `a `e]cj}ope_ko ajbanianko mqa l]pnk_ej] aopa he^nk) ]dkn] _kjk_e`] _kik K>KA> Fjpanj]pekj]h %K>KA>*F&+ Bopa _]l{pqhk `ao_ne^a ] h]o ajbanian]o _kik `e]cjkope_]`kn]o) e`ajpebe_] h]o _kilapaj_e]o ja_ao]ne]o l]n] ah lnk_aok ajbaniank) h]o bknp]hav]o lanokj]hao `a pkhan]j_e] `a h] ]i^e* ca`]` u h] lny_pe_] nabhater]) u h] nah]_e}j ajpna h] r]hkn]_e}j u hko `e]cj}ope_ko ajban* ianko lna_eoko+ Rj aopq`ek `a qj _]ok lny_pe_k afailhebe_] h] ]lhe_]_e}j `a h] r]hkn]_e}j u ah fqe_ek _h{je_k mqa _kj`q_a ] h] lna_eoe}j aj ah `e]cj}ope_k ajbaniank+ EWi [d[hc[hWi ied Z_W]deij_YWZehWi @kj ah qok `ah pzniejk `e]cj}ope_k ajbaniank oa d]_a are`ajpa mqa h]o ajbanian]o okj `e]cjkope_]`kn]o+ >jpanekniajpa) ah fqe_ek _h{je_k qpehev]`k aj h] lny_pe_] _h{je_] l]n] `a_e`en ah bk_k `a hko _qe`]`ko ajbanianko an] ejreoe^ha k jk oa jki^n]^]+ >_pq]hiajpa) aj h]o ejopepq_ekjao `a ]oeopaj_e] o]jep]ne] `kj`a h]o ajbanian]o jk qpehev]j `e]cj}ope_ko ajbanianko k hko qo]j oej lnak_ql]noa lkn oq lna_eoe}j) ]~j lqa`a lanoeopen h] ejreoe^e* he`]` `ah l]lah `a h] ajbanian] _kik `e]cjkope_]`kn]+ Pej ai^]nck) _kj ah eje_ek `a aop] _h]oebe_]_e}j bkni]h `a hko `e]cj}ope_ko ajbanianko oa ]_alp} ]ilhe]iajpa mqa h]o ajban* ian]o okj `e]cjkope_]`kn]o) mqa peajaj mqa qo]n ah lnk_aok `e]cj}ope_k u pn]^]f]n aj _kh]^kn]_e}j _kj hko l]_eajpao _kj ah bej `a e`ajpebe_]n hko iafknao `e]cj}ope_ko l]n] cqe]n hko _qe`]`ko ajbanianko+ Bh lnk_aok `e]cj}ope_k ajbaniank `ebeana `ah lnk_aok `e]cj}ope_k iz`e_k aj mqa) aj h] i]ukn{] `a h]o _en_qjop]j_e]o) h] lanokj] k lanokj]o mqa okj ah bk_k `a hko _qe`]`ko ajbanianko `a^aj aop]n {jpei]iajpa eilhe_]`]o _kik _kh]^kn]`knao `a h]o ajbanian]o aj ah lnk_aok `a r]hkn]_e}j u `e]cj}ope_k+ Bopk oa `a^a ] mqa ah k^faperk `a hko _qe`]`ko ajbanianko ao h] lanokj] _kilhap] k ah hkcnk `a oq ^eajaop]n u ]qpknna]v]_e}j+ I]o atla* neaj_e]o `a h]o lanokj]o u oqo naolqaop]o ] hko lnk^hai]o `a o]hq` u lnk_aoko rep]hao peajaj oecjebe_]`ko aola_{be_ko l]n] aR]o) u aopko oecjebe_]`ko oa e`ajpebe_]j _kj h] ]uq`] `a h]o ajbanian]o %Ek^^o) /--68 Ppab]j_ug) /--6&+ Q]i^ezj oa ]oqia mqa h]o ajbanian]o jk o]j]j ] h]o lanokj]o _kj oqo `e]cj}ope_ko a ejpanraj_ekjao8 h]o lanokj]o oa o]j]j ] o{ ieoi]o _kj oqo lnkleko _kilknp]ieajpko+ >o{) l]n] hkcn]n _]i^eko aj h]o _kj`q_p]o mqa ]ba_p]j ] h] o]hq`) h]o lanokj]o u h]o ajbanian]o e`ajpebe_]j _kjfeip]iajpa hko `e]cj}ope_ko ajban* ianko iyo lna_eoko mqa peajaj ah lkpaj_e]h `a cqe]n hko _qe`]`ko ajbanianko l]n] ah hkcnk `a naoqhp]`ko lkoeperko l]n] h] o]hq`+ I]o ejpanraj_ekjao ajbanian]o l]n] hko `e]cj}ope_ko `a h]o naolqaop]o dqi]j]o kbna_aj bkni]o ]`e_ekj]hao) fpipk ]h pn]p]ieajpk `a hko lnk^ha* i]o iz`e_ko) `a lnkikran) lnkpacan u naop]qn]n h] o]hq` `a h]o lanokj]o+ Bh bk_k `a ]paj_e}j `a ajbanian{] ao h] o]hq` `a hko oanao dqi]jko) `ko `a h]o lnak_ql]_ekjao _eajp{be_]o iyo _kilhaf]o) iyo mqa) lkn afailhk) h] mq{ie_] u h] ]opnk* jki{]+ Iko baj}iajko nah]_ekj]`ko _kj h] o]hq`) _kik ah oqa|k) ah _kjbknp k h] jqpne_e}j) okj _kilhafko lknmqa eilhe_]j atlaneaj_e]o dqi]j]o+ Kqj_] lk`aiko aop]n ]^okhqp]* iajpa oacqnko ok^na hk mqa aopy atlaneiajp]j`k kbnk oan dqi]jk8 oej ai^]nck) ah k^faperk `a ajbanian{] ao e`ajpebe_]n h]o atlaneaj_e]o k naolqaop]o `a h]o lanokj]o l]n] ]lku]nh]o+ Bj h]o naolqaop]o dqi]j]o d]u p]i^ezj qj pnaiaj`k okh]l]ieajpk `a _h]rao 1, 7RJPWg]RLX NWON[VN[X *()*%*(), 138. l]n] hko `e]cj}ope_ko u iq_dko b]_pknao _kjpatp~]hao) _kik h] _qhpqn]) mqa lqa`aj _]i^e]n h] lanola_per] `a _qyh ao ah `e]cj}ope_k ia`e`] mqa ]`mqeanaj atlaneaj_e]) h]o ajbanian]o oa b]iehe]nev]j _kj iq_dko pelko `a oepq]_ekjao _kjpatp~]hao mqa lqa`aj ejbhqen lkoeper]iajpa ok^na h]o d]^ehe`]`ao `e]cj}ope_]o+ I] pkhan]j_e] ] h] ]i^eca`]` u h] lny_pe_] nabhater] laniepaj ] h]o ajbanian]o ej_knlkn]n aop]o atlaneaj_e]o _kjpatp~]hao l]n] ]r]jv]n aj oq `ao]nnkhhk lnkbaoekj]h `a lnej_ele]jpa ] atlanp] %?ajjan) .6518 ?ajjan) Q]jjan # @dahoa]) .663) /--6&+ FXUN[JWLRJ J UJ JVKRPiNMJM Bo ja_ao]ne] h] pkhan]j_e] ] h] ]i^eca`]` lknmqa d]u jqiankoko b]_pknao mqa ejbhquaj aj h]o oepq]_ekjao _h{je_]o) _kik h]o lkh{pe_]o `a hko _ajpnko) h] `ao_nel_e}j `ah lqaopk `a pn]^]fk `a h] ajbanian]) ah ]h_]j_a `a h] lny_pe_] ajbanian] k hko aopyj`]nao `ah _qe`]`k u hko na_qnoko `eolkje^hao+ Bop] pkhan]j_e] laniepa ] h]o ajbanian]o _kjoe`an]n h] ]ilhe] c]i] `a b]_pknao mqa ejbhquaj aj ah lnk_aok `e]cj}ope_k u oan _]l]_ao `a _ajpn]noa aj . hko `e]cj}ope_ko iyo lna_eoko l]n] kbna_an ] h]o lanokj]o) h]o b]iehe]o u h]o _kiqje`]`ao qjko oanre_eko `a _]he`]`+ >`aiyo) hko oanao dqi]jko ] hko mqa h]o ajbanian]o lnklkn_ekj]j _qe`]`ko okj F atpnai]`]iajpa _kilhafko u `eranoko) aola_e]hiajpa _q]j`k ah bk_k `a ]paj_e}j okj h]o F naolqaop]o k h]o atlaneaj_e]o `a h] lanokj] u jk h] ajbania`]` aj o{ ieoi]+ Mkn ahhk) ao `a aolan]n mqa d]u] ]i^eca`]` u h]o ajbanian]o ja_aoep]j ]`]lp]noa ] ahh]+ Bj aopq`eko `a h] ej_anpe`qi^na) ah paikn ] qj] ar]hq]_e}j jac]per] lkn l]npa `a hko `aiyo oa d] 5* e`ajpebe_]`k _kik qj] _]qo] `a h] ]ranoe}j ] h] ]i^eca`]` %Qn]qpi]jj) Seae`an # ? T]ggan) /--5&+ I]o h{`anao u bkni]`kn]o aj ajbanian{] lqa`aj ]uq`]n ] hko aopq`e]jpao u ] h]o ajbanian]o ] iafkn]n oq pkhan]j_e] ] h] ]i^eca`]` na`q_eaj`k aopa paikn) B oa|]h]j`k h] ]i^eca`]` _kik qj b]_pkn ejdanajpa ] h] lnkbaoe}j ajbanian] a ejpanlna* p]j`k qj l]lah mqa ]uq`a ] `aikopn]n h] pkhan]j_e] ] h] ]i^eca`]`+ 9X[VJLRgW N oeieoik) ao qj lnannamqeoepk l]n] h] ]qpkar]hq]_e}j) u l]n] na]hev]nh] `a^aiko atlkjaiko aj _eanp] ia`e`]) _kj jqaopn]o bh]mqav]o u annknao+ I] lny_pe_] nabhater] ]lku] ah _kjpejqk `ao]nnkhhk k _na_eieajpk `ah fqe_ek _h{je_k _kj h] oqlkoe_e}j `a mqa ]h lajo]n ok^na jqaopn]o lnkle]o _kj`q_p]o) ej_hqe`k jqaopnk n]vkj]* ieajpk `e]cj}ope_k) jko ^ajabe_e]iko `a ahhk %Q]jjan) /--3&+ OWbehWY_ud o Z_W]duij_Yei [d[hc[hei I]o r]hkn]_ekjao ajbanian]o ] pk`ko hko jerahao `a ]jyheoeo %ej`ere`q]hao) b]iehe]nao u _kieiep]neko& _kjop]j `a `]pko oq^faperko lnk_a`ajpao `a h] lanokj] k lanokj]o u `]pko k^faperko lnk_a`ajpao `a lnqa^]o `e]cj}ope_]o u kpn]o bqajpao `a `]pko+ I] r]hkn]_e}j `a h]o lanokj]o _kjop] `a qj] deopkne] `a o]hq` %`]pko oq^faperko& u qj at]iaj b{oe_k %`]pko k^faperko& %Ta^an # Hahhau) /--6&+ I] r]hkn]_e}j `a h]o b]iehe]o _kjoeopa aj h] k^paj_e}j `a ejbkni]_e}j aola_{be_] `a hko ieai^nko `a h] b]iehe] %`]pko oq^faperko& u h] k^oanr]_e}j `a h]o ejpan]__ekjao b]iehe]nao %`]pko k^faperko& %Tnecdp # Ia]dau) /--6&+ I] r]hkn]_e}j `a h]o _kirie`]`ao _kjoeopa aj k^pajan ejbkni]_e}j `a ejbkni]jpao _h]ra `ajpnk `a h] _kiqje`]` %`]pko oq^faperko& u `]pko aop]`{ope_ko %`]pko k^faperko& %>j`anokj # J_C]nh]ja) /-.-&+ E]u `ko pelko `a r]hkn]_ekjao mqa oa d]_aj l]n] cajan]n `e]cj}ope_ko ajbanianko lna_eoko7 chk^]hao u bk_]hev]`]o+ I]o r]hkn]_ekjao chk^]hao _q^naj pk`ko hko ]ola_pko `a qj i]n_k `a r]hkn]_e}j ajbanian]) _kik hko .. M]pnkjao Cqj_ekj]hao `a P]hq` %Dkn`kj) /--4& l]n] `apaniej]n ah aop]`k `a o]hq` `a h] lanokj]) h] b]iehe]) ah cnqlk k h] _kiq* je`]`+ I]o r]hkn]_ekjao chk^]hao `a h]o lanokj]o oa d]_aj) lkn afailhk) _q]j`k qj l]_eajpa ejcnao] aj qj dkolep]h k aj qj lnkcn]i] `a _qe`]`ko ] `kie_ehek+ I]o r]hkn]* _ekjao bk_]hev]`]o oa _ajpn]j aj ei] okh] _qaope}j k lnak_ql]_e}j aola_{be_]) _kik ah `khkn) ah oqa|k k ah aop]`k naolen]pknek+ I]o r]hkn]_ekjao bk_]hev]`]o oa na]hev]j _q]j`k ao lna_eok atlhkn]n iyo lnkbqj`]iajpa o{jpki]o aola_{be_ko) lkn afailhk) oe qj] lanokj] `e_a pajck `ebe_qhp]` l]n] naolen]n) k oe ]hck lnkrk_] qj ]qiajpk `ah neaock `a pajan qj lnk^hai] _kj_napk) lkn afailhk) _q]j`k ei] lanokj] ja_aoep] pki]n qj ia`e_]* iajpk ]jpe_k]cqh]jpa) mqa ]qiajp] ah neaock `a o]jcn]`k+ Iko k^faperko `a h] r]hkn]_e}j ajbanian] okj hko oecqeajpao7 Pa _ajpn] aj hko `]pko ja_ao]neko l]n] e`ajpebe_]n h]o naolqaop]o u atlaneaj_e]o dq* i]j]o+ Pa na]hev] aj _kh]^kn]_e}j _kj h] lanokj]) h] b]iehe]) ah cnqlk k h] _kiqje`]`+ Iko d]hh]vcko aopyj ^]o]`ko aj h] ejraopec]_e}j u kpn]o are`aj_e]o+ BYqh[e fWhW bW lWbehWY_ud Bj ajbanian{]) hko i]n_ko l]n] h] r]hkn]_e}j ja_aoep]j oan oqbe_eajpaiajpa ]ilheko l]n] lnklkn_ekj]n `]pko mqa cq{aj hko _qe`]`ko ajbanianko l]n] h] lnkik_e}j) lnkpa__e}j %lnaraj_e}j lnei]ne]) oa_qj`]ne] u pan_e]ne]& u na_qlan]_e}j `a h] o]hq`+ I] lnkik_e}j `a h] o]hq` oa _ajpn] aj hko ]ola_pko lkoeperko l]n] iafkn]nh] k aj h] ]qpknna]hev]_e}j %Maj`an) Jqn`]qcd # M]nokjo) /-..&+ Rj afailhk `a qj `e]cj}ope_k `a lnkik_e}j `a h] o]hq` ao jcX^dcVaZh YZ KVajY YZa 9etcY^XZ) @T ao ei dki^na `a 0- ]|ko `a a`]` mqa ]_pq]hiajpa pn]^]f] aj ah `al]np]iajpk `a bVg`Zi^c `a qj] eilknp]jpa _kil]|{] `a p]nfap]o `a _nz`epk aj J]jd]pp]j+ >oeopa ] h] qjeranoe`]` ] peailk l]n_e]h lkn h]o p]n`ao l]n] _kilhap]n qj Jyopan aj >`iejeopn]_e}j `a Bilnao]o+ @T _naa mqa aj cajan]h ckv] `a qj] ^qaj] o]hq` u aop]n o]jk ao iqu eilknp]jpa l]n] zh+ I] ~hpei] rav mqa aopqrk ajbanik bqa ah l]o]`k kpk|k) _q]j`k pqrk ei naobne]`k+ @T i]jpeaja oq ^qaj aop]`k `a o]hq` ejpajp]j`k oacqen qj] ]heiajp]_e}j o]hq`]^ha) d]_eaj`k afan_e_ek aj qj ceij]oek u _kj ei] ^qaj] deceaja lanokj]h+ Ieiep] oq pki] `a ]h_kdkh ] h]o k_]oekjao ok_e]hao u `e_a mqa bqi] `a qr]o ] lan]o+ Qeaja lokne]oeo) qj lnk^hai] _qpyjak mqa `ao]nnkhh} _q]j`k an] je|k+ >_pq]hiajpa) peaja qj] cn]j i]j_d] aj h] aolejehh] evmqean`] mqa aopy oa_]) `ao_]i]`] u mqa ha le_] iq_dk+ Ae_a mqa h] ~hpei] rav mqa bqa ]h `ani]p}hkck bqa d]_a `ko ]|ko u mqa na]hiajpa F `a^an{] en iyo ] iajq`k+ Ik r] `af]j`k l]o]n lknmqa o]^a mqa oa pn]p] `a qj] oepq]* e _e}j _n}je_]+ @T qpehev] `ko ia`e_]iajpko `a i]jan] nacqh]n7 ri] _nai] ] ^]oa `a aobanke`ao mqa ailha] k_]oekj]hiajpa l]n] h] lokne]oeo u iejkte`eh l]n] ah _]^ahhk) mqa . peaja iqu bejk+ Bilha] h] _nai] oeailna mqa h] lokne]oeo d]_a ]_pk `a lnaoaj_e]) hk . mqa pailkn]hiajpa ha ]here] ah le_kn+ E] i]jebaop]`k h] lkoe^ehe`]` u ah `aoak `a i]jaf]n iafkn hko ^nkpao `a lokne]oeo+ / @T peaja ]jpa_a`ajpao b]iehe]nao `a pn]opknjko iajp]hao u `a ok^nalaok+ Pqo `ko F ]^qah]o bqankj `e]cjkope_]`]o `a `alnaoe}j u pki]j iq_dko ia`e_]iajpko+ Pq l]`na ? ]dkn] aopy iqu k^aok) lank _q]j`k an] fkraj aop]^] aj bkni] u o]jk+ Qaia mqa ] zh o lqa`] l]o]nha hk ieoik+ B @T atlnao] oq lnak_ql]_e}j lkn i]jpajan oq aop]`k `a o]hq`) lank jk d] na]hev]`k jejcqj] nareoe}j b{oe_] `ao`a d]_a `ko ]|ko+ >beni] mqa oe oa aj_qajpn] ^eaj jk ra n]v}j 9X[VJLRgW N h_]jv} ah laok ]`a_q]`k ] oq aop]pqn] u ja_aoep] ]`danenoa ] qj lh]j l]n] i]jpajanoa ]o{+ > ra_ao ha naoqhp] `eb{_eh d]_an aha_* _ekjao o]hq`]^hao aj ah oqlanian_]`k lknmqa d]u `ai]oe]`]o _ko]o ajpna h]o mqa ahacen) lank ha cqop] iq_dk _k_ej]n u lnk^]n _ko]o jqar]o+ @q]j`k oa oeajpa aopnao]`k) oa iqan`a h]o q|]o+ Bh l]pn}j `a aheiej]_e}j qnej]ne] `a @T aopy `ajpnk `a hko h{iepao jkni]hao) aheie* j]j`k knej] `a _khkn ]i]nehhk _h]nk qj]o _ej_k ra_ao ]h `{]+ Kk peaja lnk^hai]o l]n] `aba_]n) ]qjmqa peaja ei]o lamqa|]o daiknnke`ao mqa ha ikhaop]j `a rav aj _q]j`k+ E]^epq]hiajpa _]iej] _]`] `{] d]op] h] l]n]`] `ah ]qpk^~o mqa aopy ] qj]o pnao i]jv]j]o `a oq _]o] l]n] en ]h pn]^]fk+ Bopy oajp]`k aj oq `aol]_dk h] i]ukn l]npa `ah peailk) lank ]_q`a ] qj ceij]oek pnao ra_ao lkn oai]j] l]n] d]_an afan_e_eko _]n`ek* r]o_qh]nao+ Q]i^ezj ha cqop] hhar]n ] oq lannk ] l]oa]n+ Qnao p]n`ao ] h] oai]j] r] ] _h]oa ] h] qjeranoe`]`+ Ia aj_]jp] _aj]n bqan] _kj ]iecko k b]iehe]nao) en ]h _eja k ran lah{_qh]o aj oq _]o]+ Se]f] bna_qajpaiajpa ] kpnko lqjpko `ah l]{o u p]i^ezj ha cqop] o]hen ]h atpn]jfank+ Aqn]jpa h] oai]j] @T jkni]hiajpa `qania ]hna`a`kn `a 5 dkn]o lkn h] jk_da u hko bejao `a oai]j] `qania iyo+ M]n] ]uq`]nha ] _kj_ehe]n ah oqa|k) qo] qj ]l]n]pk mqa aiepa qj okje`k nah]f]jpa+ Bilav} ] qo]nhk _q]j`k oa pn]oh]`} lkn lneian] rav ] h] _eq`]` `ao`a qj] vkj] iyo nqn]h) lknmqa hko nqe`ko jk_pqnjko `ebe_qhp]^]j mqa lq`ean] _kj_ehe]n ah oqa|k+ >qjmqa ]dkn] rera aj qj] vkj] oehaj_eko]) `e_a mqa jk lqa`a `knien oej hko pn]jmqehev]`knao okje`ko mqa aiepa h] iymqej]+ Aa^e`k ] oq dkn]nek) @T jk peaja `ai]oe]`k peailk l]n] `ao_]jo]n `qn]jpa ah `{]) lank oa a_d] qj] oeaopa_ep] aj ah ]qpk^~o ieajpn]o r] ]h pn]^]fk+ Iko oajpe`ko `a @T aopyj `ajpnk `a hko h{iepao jkni]hao) peajaj qj] reoe}j `a /-,/- u oq ]q`e_e}j ao jkni]h+ Keac] pajan lnk^hai] ]hcqjk _kj hko oajpe`ko `ah cqopk) ah p]_pk k ah khb]pk8 nabeana mqa jk peaja jejc~j `khkn+ @T peaja ei] ]qpklan_al_e}j lkoeper] u qj] ]qpkaopei] ik`an]`]+ Pa `ao_ne^a ] o{ ieoik _kik atpnkranpe`k) aolkjpyjak) kneajp]`k d]_e] h] b]iehe]) _kj qj _{n_qhk ok_e]h {jpeik `a ]iecko u _khac]o+ Pqo lqjpko bqanpao ej_hquaj oq `apaniej]_e}j u oq ]_pepq` `a pk`k k j]`]+ Bo ]i^e_ekok) ]qjmqa _naa mqa ao p]i^ezj oaj_ehhk u ik`aopk+ > ra_ao) `e_a) mqeank ]^]n_]n `ai]oe]`k ejpajp]j`k _kjoacqen `ai]oe]`]o _ko]o ] h] rav+ Bopk lqa`a ]|]`enoa ] oqo oajpeieajpko `a `eope]anoa by_ehiajpa u `a pajan lnk^hai]o l]n] _kj_ajpn]noa aj ah pn]^]fk+ Pq uk b{oe_k p]i^ezj ao ^]op]jpa lkoeperk+ Pa oeajpa bahev lkn oq ]ola_pk cajan]h) ]hpqn] u oeiapn{] _knlkn]h+ Peajpa mqa peaja `ai]oe]`k lahk aj ah _qanlk u lk_k aj h] _]^av]) a ejpajp] p]l]n h]o i]j_d]o `a lokne]oeo7 lkn afailhk) hhar] l]jp]hkjao r]mqanko) jk l]jp]hkjao _knpko+ Bj ah pn]^]fk) @T ]oqia qj nkh `a he`an]vck _q]j`k `eneca oq amqelk `a bVg`Zi^c) @kik aopq`e]jpa ]oqia h]o naolkjo]^ehe`]`ao `a en ] _h]oa u d]_an h]o p]na]o ]oecj]`]o+ Pa oeajpa kncqhhkok `a pajan qj] _]o] lnkle]+ Aao_ne^a oqo nah]_ekjao _kik _]ne|ko]o) pn]jmqeh]o) okhe`]ne]o) ]^eanp]o u jk _kjbhe_per]o+ Bo ah lamqa|k `a pnao dani]jko u peaja qj] aopna_d] nah]_e}j _kj oq i]`na u oqo dani]j]o+ Bj cajan]h) oa oeajpa bahev u o]peoba* 2* 7RJPWg]RLX NWON[VN[X *()*%*(), 146. _dk _kj aopko ]ola_pko `a oq re`]) ]eimqa `aoa]n{] aop]n iyo _an_] `a oq l]`na+ Qeaja iq_dk ]lkuk `a oq b]iehe]) ]iecko u l]naf]+ @T `e_a mqa jk peaja lnak_ql]_ekjao ok^na h] oatq]he`]`+ Mn]_pe_] oatk oacqnk u ]_pq]hiajpa peaja qj] nah]_e}j aop]^ha+ Bj aopa ikiajpk) @T peaja qj] h]nc] heop] `a ]cajpao aopnao]jpao+ Qeaja mqa amqehe^n]n ah aopnzo `a h] eieranoe`]` u ah pn]^]fk u aopy aj ah lnk_aok `a raj`an oq _]o] u ]`mqenen kpn] jqar] ]jpao `a mqa oa ]_]^a ah ran]jk+ Ae_a mqa) _kik aj _q]hmqean nah]_e}j) oa oeajpa aopnao]`k lkn ]uq`]n ] oq l]naf] ] ]h_]jv]n k^faperko p]hao _kik k^pajan h] _eq* `]`]j{] ]iane_]j] u o]_]noa ah _]njz `a _kj`q_en+ Ae_a mqa h] nqpej] `e]ne] `a _qilhen _kj h]o naolkjo]^ehe`]`ao `a pajan qj] _]o]) en ]h pn]^]fk u ] h] qjeranoe`]` ]qiajp] oq jerah `a aopnzo) mqa _]hebe_] `a ik`an]`k+ >h ]bnkjp]n ah aopnzo) peaja ri] okh] i]h] _ko* pqi^na7 oa iqan`a h]o q|]o+ Bh h]`k lkoeperk ao mqa pn]p] `a d]_an ah pn]^]fk `a ik`k mqa jk oa ha ]ikjpkja u mqa bna_qajpaiajpa oa pki] r]_]_ekjao+ >qjmqa peaja pk`ko aopko ]cajpao aopnao]jpao) oeajpa mqa ha `]j ]h]o) jk mqa ha ]paj k mqa pajc]j qj eil]_pk jac]perk ok^na oq o]hq`+ I]o pn]`e_ekjao _qhpqn]hao u b]iehe]nao `a @T lnkiqaraj ah amqehe^nek ajpna ah pn]^]fk `qnk u ah `ao_]jok+ Kk ao iqu nahecekok u jk aopy oacqnk `a oe h] nahece}j fqac] ]hc~j l]lah aj oq o]hq`+ Bj aopa ikiajpk `a oq re`]) oeajpa mqa aopy ]h_]jv]j`k oqo k^faperko u aopy o]peoba_dk _kj oq aop]`k `a o]hq`+ 4WcURR MN UX MJ]X MN JU^M2 MRJPWg]RLX NWON[VN[X E]u r]neko `e]cj}ope_ko ajbanianko `a K>KA>*F mqa h] ajbanian] pki} aj _kjoe`an]* _e}j+ Bopko ej_hq{]j7 rejmqa oa _kjoe`an} ;dcdX^b^Zcidh YZ[^X^ZciZh _kik `e]cj}ope_k) ao iyo ]lnkle]`k _kik b]_pkn _kjpne^quajpa ] oq i]jafk `ah nzceiaj pan]lzqpe_k l]n] h] lokne]* oeo u h] ajbanian] jk lqa`a ajoa|]nha iq_dk iyo mqa zh jk oqlean]+ Kk d]u `]pko oqbe* _eajpao l]n] ]lku]n hko `e]cj}ope_ko `a LgVhidgcd YZ aV ^bVZc XdgedgVa a AbediZcX^V u) _kik @T lan_e^a mqa jk peaja lnk^hai]o `a o]hq`) ao iyo ]lnkle]`k qj `e]cj}ope_k `a lnk* ik_e}j `a h] o]hq`+ >rpjmqa @T ]`iepa pajan iq_dk aopnzo) ej_hqua iq_d]o pz_je_]o l]n] ah i]jafk `ah ieoik aj oqo dy^epko `e]neko) lkn hk mqa d]u iajko `]pko mqa ]lkuaj 7 Gkjao # ?]nphapp+ Ean`i]j) Q+E+ %a`+& %/--6&+ F9Fr]R]^ha ]p dppl7,,sss+jqnoejcsknh`+knc,J]ejJajq@]packneao, >K>J]ngaplh]_a,>K>Manek`e_]ho,LGFK,Q]^hakb@kjpajpo,rkhh0/--5,KkhG]j-5,>npe_haMnarekqo Qkle_,>__qn]_ukbKqnoaoAe]cjkoao+]olt+ Iqniau) J+ %/--6&+ ;g^i^XVa i]^c`^c id VX]^ZkZ edh^i^kZ @ZVai] djiXdbZh) >iao) I>7 Tehau*?h]_gsahh+ Iqniau) J+ %/-.-&+ Roa kb _nepe_]h pdejgejc ej pda `e]cjkope_ lnk_aoo+ AciZgcVi^dcVa BdjgcVa d[ Fjgh^c LZgb^cdad^Zh VcY ;aVhh^[^XVi^dch' -,' 5/*55+ Jkknda]`) P+) Gkdjokj) J+) J]]o) J+I+) # Ps]jokj) B+ %/--5&+ Fjgh^c GjiXdbZh ;aVhh^[^XVi^dc $FG;% %1pd a`+&+ Pp+ Ikqeo) JL7 Jko^u+ Jqjd]hh) M+G+ %.660&+ Rjgjksejc7 Qks]n` ]jkpdan l]ppai kb gjksejc ej jqnoejc+ Fjgh^c Gjiadd`' /,' ./2*./5+ Maj`an) K+G+) Jqn`]qcd) @+I+) # M]nokjo) J+>+ %/-..&+ @ZVai] egdbdi^dc ^c cjgh^c egVXi^XZ %3pd a`+&+ Rllan P]``ha Oeran) KG7 Mnajpe_a E]hh+ Oq^ajbah`) D+J+) # P_dabban) ?+H+ %/-.-&+ ;g^i^XVa i]^c`^c L9;LA;K [dg cjghZh5 9X]^Zk^c i]Za G J XdbeZiZcX^Zh %/j` a`+&+ ?kopkj7 Gkjao # ?]nphapp+ P_dabban) ?+H+) # Oq^ajbah`) J+D+ %/---&+ > _kjoajoqo op]paiajp kj _nepe_]h pdejgejc+ BdjgcVa d[ Fjgh^c =YjXVi^dc' .4' 02/*026+ Ppab]j_ug) >+I+ %/--6&+ Mh]_ejc pda l]peajp ]p pda _ajpan kb _]na+ 9bZg^XVc BdjgcVa d[ Fjgh^c' ,+4' /4* /5+ Ppai^anc) O+G+ %.664&+ KjXXZhh[ja ^ciZaa^ZcXZ5 @dl egVXi^XVa VcY ;gZVi^kZ ^ciZaa^ZcXZ YZiZgb^cZ hjXXZhh ^c M[Z) Kas Vkng7 Mhqia ?kkgo+ Q]jjan) @+>+ %/--3&+ Qdejgejc hega ] jqnoa7 > naoa]n_d*^]oa` ik`ah kb _heje_]h fq`ciajp ej jqnoejc+ BdjgcVa d[ Fjgh^c =YjXVi^dc' /0$1%' /-1*/..+ Qn]qpi]jj) P+Q+) Seae`an) C+J+) # T]ggan) M+M+ %/--5&+ @]qoao kb ]i^ecqepu ]ranoe}j7 Hjksj ranoqo qjgjksj lnabanaj_ao+ BdjgcVa d[J^h` McXZgiV^cin' .1' //2*/10+ Ta^an) G+O+) # Hahhau) G+ %/--6&+ @ZVai] VhhZhhbZci ^c cjgh^c %1pd a`+&+ Mdeh]`ahlde]) M>7 Iellej_kpp+ Tehgejokj) G+J+ %/--4&+ Fjgh^c egdXZhh VcY Xg^i^XVa i]^c`^c %1pd a`+&+ Rllan P]``ha Oeran) KG7 Mnajpe_a E]hh+ TeRejcd]i) A+Q+ %/--4&+ ;dc^i^dc5 L]Z i]^c`^c Vc^bVa %0n` a`+&+ Rllan P]``ha Oeran) KG7 Ma]nokj Mnajpe_a E]hh+ Tnecdp) I+J+) # Ia]dau) J+ %/--6&+ FjghZh VcY [Vb^a^Zh5 9 j^YZ id[Vb^an VhhZhhbZci VcY ^ciZgkZci^dch %2pd a`+&+ Mdeh]`ahlde]) M>7 C> A]reo+ Vqn]) E+) # T]hod) J+ %.634&+ L]Z cjgh^c egdXZhh) Kkns]hg) @Q7 >llhapkj*@ajpqnu*@nkbp+ 9X[VJLRgW N e]idiX3 ZWZ ) FrZ_Ye$i%5 VVVVVVVV Fej_le Z[ bW YedikbjW5 L[ne5 HYkfWY_ud5 ?WhcWYrkj_Ye5 ?%5 Yecfb[jWh `[hY_Y_e5 j_fe' h[Yk[dY_W' ZkhWY_ud' _dj[di_ZWZ :Yj_l_ZWZ[i Z[ eY_e [Yjei Z[b [ijWZe Z[ iWbkZ BcfehjWdY_W Z[ bW Wc_b_W >ijhkYjkhW o Wfeoe Wc_b_Wh IheY[iei Wc_b_Wh[i Z[ jecW Z[ Z[Y_i_ed[i IheXb[cWi o*e fh[eYkfWY_ed[i Wc_b_Wh[i IWjhed[i Z[ Yh_WdpW Z[ bei ^_`ei K[bWY_ed[i Yed bei Z[cqi K[bWY_ed[i i_]d__YWj_lWi A_ijeh_W Z[ fheXb[cWi si_Yei o*e fi_Yebu]_Yei h[bWY_edWZei 7J]X [NUN_JW]N MNU 892 [nfbehWY_ud ][d[hWb ".) ! 9X[VJLRgW N ijhWj[]_Wi ^WX_jkWb[i fWhW bW ][ij_ud Z[b [ijhri o [[Yj_l_ZWZ Z[ bWi c_icWi ijhWj[]_Wi Z[ WhedjWc_[dje kiWZWi ^WX_jkWbc[dj[ I[hY[fY_ud Z[ Yedjheb ieXh[ bei WYedj[Y_c_[djei j]hev]n XVYV jcd `a hko l]pnkjao n h]o nah]_ekjao ajpna ahhko+ Fj_hqen aj ah ]jyheoeo hko `]pko `ah at]iaj b{oe_k %jkni]hao u ]jkni]hao& mqa okj eilknp]jpao l]n] h]o `a_eoekjao mqa d]u mqa pki]n+ Bop]^ha_an ah `e]cj}ope_k ajbaniank lneknep]nek `a ]_qan`k _kj h] lanokj],b]iehe]+ Bopy qopa` `a ]_qan`k< Pe jk hk aopy) lkn mqz jk< @kjoe`an]n hko `e]cj}ope_ko `a lnkik_e}j `a h] o]hq`) `a neaock u na]hao+ Oaceopn]n hko k^faperko ]lnkle]`ko u na]heop]o mqa oa `a_e`]j _kj ah l]_eajpa+ Btlhe_]n mqz pelk `a ejpanraj_e}j%ao& lqa`a qo]n h] ajbanian] %mqa aopzj `ajpnk `ah `kiejek `a ajbanian{]& l]n] VednVg ] ao] lanokj] aj ah hkcnk `a oqo k^faperko+ 9X[VJLRgW N KA>*F ao qj `eopejperk `a h] lny_pe_] lnkbaoekj]h8 nalnaoajp] qjk `a hko ahaiajpko iyo eilknp]jpao `ah lnk_aok ajbaniank lknmqa oecje* be_] mqa h]o ajbanian]o peajaj qj nkh ej`alaj`eajpa ]`aiyo `a qj nkh `a _kh]^kn]_e}j _kj kpnko lnkbaoekj]hao o]jep]neko+ Bo iyo) hko `e]cj}ope_ko ajbanianko okj h] ^]oa l]n] ah pn]^]fk lnkbaoekj]h `e]nek `a h]o ajbanian]o ej`alaj`eajpaiajpa `ah ajpknjk+ Bh _]l{pqhk /) S]hkn]_e}j ajbanian]) fqe_ek _h{je_k u `e]cj}ope_ko ajbanianko7 _}ik `apaniej]n `e]cj}ope_ko lna_eoko) lnaoajp] hko ]jpa_a`ajpao deop}ne_ko _kik qj i]n_k pa}ne_k l]n] ah lnk_aok ajbaniank u oq nah]_e}j _kj h] bkniqh]_e}j `a `e]cj}ope_ko ajban* ianko+ Fjpai]_ekj]hiajpa) hko ahaiajpko `ah lnk_aok ajbaniank cajan]hiajpa ]_alp]`ko okj7 S]hkn]_e}j) Ae]cj}ope_k) F`ajpebe_]_e}j `a L^faperko) Mh]jebe_]_e}j) Filhaiajp]_e}j u Br]hq]_e}j %>K>) /-.-&+ >qjmqa lnaoajp]`ko _kik l]oko) ah lnk_aok ajbaniank ao na]hiajpa qj lnk_aok `ejyie_k a ejpannah]_ekj]`k mqa namqeana mqa h] ajbanian] `aiqao* pna lajo]ieajpk _n{pe_k) ha_pqn] _n{pe_] u d]^ehe`]`ao lnkbaoekj]hao `a _kieie_]_e}j+ Bo qj lnk_aok mqa namqeana mqa h] ajbanian] r]hkna _n{pe_]iajpa u ]lhemqa ]`a_q]`]iajpa ah _kjk_eieajpk `a h]o ]npao u h]o _eaj_e]o+ I] ar]hq]_e}j oa _kjoe`an] qj ahaiajpk `ah lnk_aok u `a^a oan `k_qiajp]`] _h]n]iajpa aj nah]_e}j ] oe h]o ejpanraj_ekjao `ah lh]j bqankj abe_]_ao u oe hko naoqhp]`ko oa _kjoecqeankj+ Pej ai^]nck) h] ar]hq]_e}j p]i^ezj ao qj] l]npa _kjpejq] `ah lnk_aok ajbaniank) qpev]`] ]h naqjen u ]cnql]n hko `]pko) ]h r]he`]n ah `e]cj}ope_k) ]h ahacen hko naoqhp]`ko `aoa]`ko u na]heop]o nah]_ekj]`ko _kj ah,hko `e]cj}ope_k,o) u ]h bkniqh]n ah lh]j `a ejpanraj_ekjao %lh]j `a _qe`]`ko& ]`a_q]`k l]n] k^pajan hko naoqhp]`ko `aoa]`ko %Dkn`kj) /--58 Iqjjau) /-./&+ Bh `e]cj}ope_k ajbaniank) _kik qj ahaiajpk `ah lnk_aok ajbaniank) ao aoaj_e]h l]n] h] lny_pe_] ajbanian] lnkbaoekj]h u) lkn aok ieoik) l]n] h] a`q_]_e}j ajbanian]+ Bh pn]^]fk `a h]o ajbanian]o ejraopec]`kn]o ejpanj]_ekj]hao ok^na h] r]he`]_e}j `a hko `e]c* j}ope_ko ajbanianko) l]n] iafkn]n h] lna_eoe}j aj h] bkniqh]_e}j `a hko `e]cj}ope_ko ajbanianko) ao bqj`]iajp]h aj h] _kjopnq__e}j `a h] _eaj_e] ajbanian] %Iqjjau) /-./&+ Bilha]n ah lnk_aok ajbaniank eilhe_] mqa h]o ajbanian]o ]j]he_aj _n{pe_]iajpa h]o ejraopec]_ekjao `eolkje^hao l]n] `apaniej]n _qyh ao h] iafkn are`aj_e] `eolkje^ha l]n] qpehev]nh] aj h] lny_pe_]+ I] Q]tkjki{] `a `e]cj}ope_ko `a K>KA>*F ao qj afailhk `a qj] `a h]o iafknao bqajpao `eolkje^hao `a h] _eaj_e] ajbanian] _]packnev]`] l]n] oq qok aj h] lny_pe_]+ Aajpnk `a h] a`q_]_e}j ajbanian]) ah lnkbaokn]`k lqa`a qo]n h] Q]tkjki{] _kik afailhk `ah _qanlk `a _kjk_eieajpko ajbaniank mqa oa _ajpn] aj iafkn]n hko naoqhp]`ko `a o]hq` `a lanokj]o) b]iehe]o u _kieie`]`ao+ I] an] `a h] lny_pe_] ^]o]`] aj h] are`aj_e] %M?B& u `a h] nalape_e}j _kjop]jpa `a h] ja_aoe`]` `a ej_hqen _]he`]` u oacqne`]` aj h] a`q_]_e}j `a h]o ajbanian]o %NPBK& jgXxX% L'E' KjimX[fj kf[fj cfj [iZ_fj' 156. nabqanv] h] ja_aoe`]` `a ajoa|]n h] Q]tkjki{] `a K>KA>*F ] hko aopq`e]jpao `a Bjbanian{]+ Pa le`a) lqao) mqa hko lnkbaoknao `a Bjbanian{] qpehe_aj ri] p]tkjki{] ]lnk^]`] mqa d]u] oe`k okiape`] ] qj lnk_aok necqnkok `a nareoe}j+ I] Q]tkjki{] `a K>KA>*F ao qj] p]tkjki{] ]lnk^]`] l]n] h] M?B+ Bo ecq]hiajpa eilknp]jpa ejbkni]n ] hko aopq`e]jpao `a kpnko `ko oeopai]o `a _h]oebe_]_e}j ^]o]`ko aj h] are`aj_e] mqa hao laniepenyj hhar]n ] _]^k lhaj]iajpa ah lnk_aok ajbaniank+ wopko okj h] @h]oebe_]_e}j `a Oaoqhp]`ko Bjbanianko %KL@& %Jkknda]`) Gkdjokj # J]oo) /--5& u h] @h]oebe_]_e}j `a Fjpanraj_ekjao Bjbanian]o %KF@& %?qha_dag) ?qp_dan # Ak_dpani]j) /--5&+ EW [di[tWdpW Z[b cWhYe Z[b fheY[ie [d[hc[he Bj ah _]l{pqhk /) Iqjjau lnaoajp} ah lnk_aok ajbaniank _kik qj i]n_k l]n] h] lny_pe_]+ Bjoa|]n ah lnk_aok ajbaniank ] hko aopq`e]jpao `a Bjbanian{] aileav] lkn d]_anhao _kilnaj`an .& lkn mqz aopy _kjoe`an]`k qj i]n_k l]n] h] lny_pe_] u /& lkn mqz _kjoeopa aj ]hck iyo mqa hhar]n ] _]^k oqo l]oko `a qj] i]jan] heja]h+ Rj afailhk p{le_k l]n] ikopn]n ] hko aopq`e]jpao ao mqa aj h] r]hkn]_e}j oa ja_aoep] na_kleh]n `]pko) p]jpk k^fa* perko _kik oq^faperko) `qn]jpa ah lneian aj_qajpnk `a h] ajbanian] _kj qj] lanokj]+ >qjmqa ah k^faperk `a h] r]hkn]_e}j %na_kleh]_e}j `a `]pko,ejbkni]_e}j& `a lanokj]o) b]iehe]o) cnqlko u _kieie`]`ao lkn hko aopq`e]jpao ao e`ajpebe_]n hko j~_hako `a hko `e]cj}ope_ko ajbanianko) l]n] hko aopq`e]jpao lnej_ele]jpao ao iafkn _kj_ajpn]noa aj h] lanokj]) mqa `ajkiej]iko l]_eajpa aj h] i]ukn{] `a hko _]oko+ EW [di[tWdpW Z[ bW Wi[ Z[ lWbehWY_ud Z[b fheY[ie [d[hc[he @q]j`k oa aileav] ] ajoa|]n ah lnk_aok ajbaniank) ao eilknp]jpa d]^h]n `a hko oej}je* iko `ah lnk_aok ajbaniank mqa hko aopq`e]jpao lk`n{]j aj_kjpn]n aj h] hepan]pqn]) p]hao _kik n]vkj]ieajpk `e]cj}ope_k u n]vkj]ieajpk _h{je_k) ]`aiyo `a _kil]n]n u _kjpn]o* p]n ah lnk_aok `a naokhq_e}j `a lnk^hai]o _kj ah lnk_aok ajbaniank+ Lpn] aopn]pace] l]n] ]uq`]n ] hko aopq`e]jpao `a Bjbanian{]) aola_e]hiajpa ] hko lnej_ele]jpao) ] _ki* lnaj`an h] _kilhafe`]` `ah lnk_aok ajbaniank ao d]_an mqa oa _ajpnaj aj h] lanokj] aj rav `a ej_hqen h] r]hkn]_e}j `a h] b]iehe]) cnqlk k _kieie`]`+ Iko aopq`e]jpao ja_aoep]j afailhko _kj_napko mqa `aiqaopnaj ah qok `a oq lajo]ieajpk _n{pe_k `qn]jpa h] b]oa `a r]hkn]_e}j `ah lnk_aok ajbaniank+ Ik iyo eilknp]jpa ao mqa _kilnaj`]j mqa ah k^faperk `a d]_an qj] r]hkn]_e}j ao bkniqh]n qj `e]cj}ope_k ajbaniank ^]o]`k aj h] ]cnql]_e}j `a `]pko `a r]hkn]_e}j aola_{be_ko+ @kik oa iaj_ekj] aj ah _]l{pqhk /) h] deopkne] `a o]hq` u h] atlhkn]_e}j b{oe_] %E#B& lqa`a oan chk^]h k bk_]hev]`]+ Bj hko lnkcn]i]o `a bkni]_e}j aj ajbanian{]) jkni]hiajpa . oa ajoa|] _}ik hhar]n ] _]^k qj] r]hkn]_e}j chk^]h aj qjk `a hko lneianko _qnoko aj c ah lnkcn]i] `a aopq`eko+ Bopa _qnok lqa`a ej_hqen ei] oaoe}j `a oeiqh]_e}j _h{je_] aj ah _]ilqo) oaoe}j `ajkiej]`] pn]`e_ekj]hiajpa `a h]^kn]pknek+ Pa aolan] mqa hk mqa hko F aopq`e]jpao ]lnaj`]j aj oq _qnok `a r]hkn]_e}j `a h] o]hq` %`e`y_pe_]iajpa u lkn oeiq* F h]_e}j& oa pn]oh]`]ny ] oq yi^epk `a lny_pe_]o _h{je_]o _kj l]_eajpao na]hao+ Rj] aope]pace] `abkni]_e}jchk^]hl]n]]oacqn]nh]lna_eoe}j`ah,hko_kj_alpk,o `e]cj}ope_k,ok^paje`k,o F `a qj] r]hkn]_e}j ajbanian] chk^]h `a h] E#B) ao mqa hko aopq`e]jpao ailhaaj hko M]pnkjao F Cei_ekj]hao `a P]hq` `a Dkn`kj %/--4&) _kik oa iaj_ekj] aj ah _]l{pqhk /+ ? Iko lnkbaoknao `a Bjbanian{] aj hko _qnoko _h{je_ko `a^an{]j nabknv]n hko _kj_alpko o nah]_ekj]`ko _kj h] r]hkn]_e}j `a h] o]hq` u ]uq`]n ] hko aopq`e]jpao ] ]lhe_]n h] b]oa `a B r]hkn]_e}j `ah lnk_aok ajbaniank p]jpk aj oqo oeiqh]_ekjao _h{je_]o aj ah _]ilqo _kik aj ah ]lnaj`ev]fa `qn]jpa oqo lny_pe_]o _h{je_]o+ Iko aopq`e]jpao na_kleh]j `]pko `qn]jpa 9X[VJLRgW N KA>*F oa nabeana ] hko `]pko k^faperko u oq^faperko _ki^ej]`ko _kik _]n]_pan{ope_]o `abejepkne]o+ Aao`a h] lanola_per] `ah lnk_aok ajbaniank u `a K>KA>*F) ah k^faperk `a h] r]hkn]_e}j `a E#B ao e`ajpebe_]n h]o _]n]_pan{ope_]o `abejepkne]o u hko b]_pknao nah]_ekj]`ko `a qjk k iyo `e]cj}ope_ko ajbanianko+ Q]i^ezj ao eilknp]jpa ajoa|]n ] hko aopq`e]jpao aj mqz _en_qjop]j_e]o na]hev]n qj] r]hkn]_e}j bk_]hev]`] beajpa ] qj] r]hkn]_e}j chk^]h `a E#B+ Bj na]he`]` hko aopq`e]jpao ja_aoep]j atlhe_]_ekjao naepan]`]o ok^na _qyj`k qj] r]hkn]_e}j bk_]hev]`] peaja lnekne* `]` ok^na qj] E#B chk^]h+ Lbna_an ] hko aopq`e]jpao qj afailhk p{le_k `a ei] r]hkn]_e}j chk^]h `a E#B lqa`a ]uq`]nhao ] ajpaj`an h] `ebanaj_e]+ Mkn afailhk) ei afailhk p{le_k `a _qyj`k qj] ajbanian] na]hev] qj] r]hkn]_e}j chk^]h `a E#B ao ah `a qj l]_eajpa mqa ]_]^] `a ejcnao]n aj qj _ajpnk o]jep]nek+ M]n] qj l]_eajpa na_ezj ejcnao]`k ao ja_ao]nek mqa h] ajbanian] na]he_a qj] deopkne] `a ajbanian{] _kilhap] u qj] r]hkn]_e}j ejpacn]h `ah l]_eajpa+ M]n] qj l]_eajpa lnare]iajpa ejcnao]`k aj qj _ajpnk k qj l]_eajpa mqa hhac] ] Rncaj_e]o _kj qj lnk^hai] iz`e_k _kj_napk) h] r]hkn]_e}j bk_]hev]`] oa na]hev] ] l]npen `ah i]haop]n mqa atlnao] h] lanokj] %l+ af+) ia `qaha ie iq|a_] `ana_d]&8 ajpkj_ao h] ajbanian] _kieajv] qj] r]hkn]_e}j bk_]hev]`] `a h] iq|a_] `ana_d]+ Lpn] aopn]pace] eilknp]jpa `a bkni]_e}j ao d]_an ran ] hko aopq`e]jpao lkn mqz) ]qjmqa ahhko jk ra]j na]hev]n r]hkn]_ekjao chk^]hao ] h]o ajbanian]o aj h] lny_pe_]) ] ahhko _kik aopq* `e]jpao `a Bjbanian{]) oq lnkbaokn hao lqa`a la`en mqa d]c]j ei] r]hkn]_e}j chk^]h `a qj l]_eajpa ]qjmqa jk aopz na_ezj ejcnao]`k+ Iko aopq`e]jpao p]i^ezj ja_aoep]j i~hpelhao afailhko `a hk mqa okj h]o _]n]_pan{ope_]o `abejepkne]o `a ri_kj_alpk `e]cj}ope_k aola_{be_k+ I]o _]n]_pan{ope_]o `abejepkne]o) _kik oa d] iaj_ekj]`k lnare]iajpa) oa nabeanaj ] `]pko k^faperko u oq^faperko na_kleh]`ko `qn]jpa h] ap]l] `a r]hkn]_e}j `ah lnk_aok ajbaniank+ I] k^oanr]_e}j ajbanian] `a qj] iqa_] b]_e]h `a qj] lanokj] ao qj `]pk k^faperk %oecjk&8 p]i^ezj hk okj h]o _kjo* p]jpao rep]hao `a ei] lanokj] u,k h] ejbkni]_e}j `a kpn] bqajpa `k_qiajp]`] _kik ah `e]cj}ope_k iz`e_k k hko naoqhp]`ko `a lnqa^]o `e]cj}ope_]o+ Bj ah _]l{pqhk /) aop]o qje`]`ao `a `]pko oa `ao_ne^aj _kik _h]rao+ Ik mqa ei l]_eajpa `e_a ] h] ajbanian] %hk mqa h] ajbanian] ao_q_d] ]h l]_eajpa `a_en ok^na oq aop]`k& ao qj `]pk oq^faperk %o{jpki]&8 lkn afailhk) ia `qahaj h]o _kopehh]o _q]j`k pkok %Ta^an # Hahhau) /--6&+ Rj] aopn]pace] `a ajoa|]jv] l]n] ah lnkbaokn ao ahacen qj _kj_alpk `e]cj}ope_k u oqo _]n]_pan{ope_]o `abejepkne]o+ I] iep]` `ah cnqlk lqa`a `apaniej]n _qyhao okj) p]h _kik d] oe`k atlhe_]`k) `]pko k^faperko bnajpa ] oq^faperko u h] kpn] iep]` lqa`a e`ajpebe_]n _qyhao okj oecjko u _qyhao okj o{jpki]o8 `aolqzo lqa`aj _kil]n]n hk mqa hko `ko cnqlko d]j e`ajpebe_]`k+ Pkj eilknp]jpao naola_pk ] h] b]oa `a r]hkn]_e}j `ah lnk_aok ajbaniank h]o d]^ehe`]`ao `a _kiqje_]_e}j abe_]_ao `a h] ajbanian]) mqa hepan]hiajpa ]_per]j ah lnk_aok ajbaniank aj nah]_e}j _kj h] na_kleh]_e}j `a `]pko `ena_pko ok^na qj] lanokj] u kpn]o bqajpao %l+ af+) b]iehe]) kpn]o lanokj]o nahar]jpao u kpnko lnkbaoekj]hao `a h] o]hq`&+ E]_a b]hp] ajb]pev]n h] eilknp]j_e] `a h]o d]^ehe`]`ao `a _kiqje_]_e}j jk*ran^]hao ]`aiyo `a ran^]hao `a h] ajbanian] l]n] mqa oa] _qhpqn]hiajpa oajoe^ha u abe_]v `qn]jpa ah lnk_aok+ Q]i^ezj d]_a b]hp] mqa oa ajoa|a ] hko aopq`e]jpao mqa ah lnk_aok `a r]hkn]_e}j ej_hqua h] ha_pqn] _n{pe_] u ah ]jyheoeo `a kpn]o bqajpao `a `]pko nah]_ekj]`ko _kj h] lanokj]+ Mkn afailhk) peajaj mqa ar]hq]n _n{pe_]iajpa ejraopec]_ekjao u kpn]o bqajpao `a are`aj_e] ok^na ah `e]cj}o* pe_k `eolkje^hao dca^cZ' u] oa pn]pa `a qj lnk_aok rep]h k qj lnk^hai] `a o]hq`+ Bh lnkbaokn]`k jk `a^an{] ]oqien mqa ao by_eh mqa hko aopq`e]jpao _kilnaj`]j ah _kj_alpk u h] eilhaiajp]_e}j `ah _kj_alpk `ah lnk_aok ajbaniank) lknmqa ao ei] i]jan] iqu _kilhaf] `a lnk_ao]n ejbkni]_e}j) aola_e]hiajpa l]n] ah lnej_ele]jpa+ E]u mqa `]n peailk oqbe_eajpa l]n] mqa hko aopq`e]jpao `ao]nnkhhaj oqo d]^ehe`]`ao aj ah lnk_aok ajbaniank+ Iko aopq`e]jpao na_kleh]j by_ehiajpa iq_dko `]pko ok^na qj] lanokj] _q]j`k 3, 7RJPWg]RLX NWON[VN[X *()*%*(), 158. oa hao le`a mqa d]c]j qj] r]hkn]_e}j chk^]h `a E#B ok^na zh) lank lqa`a mqa pajc]j `ebe_qhp]`ao ]h `apaniej]n mqz `]pko oqopajp]j qj `e]cj}ope_k _kj_napk+ Rj] aopn]pace] l]n] na`q_en h] ]joea`]` `a hko aopq`e]jpao) oaj_ehh] lank bna_qajpaiajpa l]o]`] lkn ]hpk) ao ejbkni]nhao mqa oa p]n`] aj ]lnaj`an _}ik na]hev]n qj] r]hkn]_e}j chk^]h bnajpa ] qj] bk_]hev]`] `a E#B) ]cnql]n hko `]pko) d]_an qj `e]cj}ope_k ajbaniank lnaheiej]n %k `e]cj}ope_ko& u ranebe_]n ah `e]cj}ope_k l]n] `apaniej]n oq lna_eoe}j+ @kik oa atlhe_] aj ah _]l{pqhk /) h] ajbanian] aj na]he`]` aopy cajan]j`k iajp]hiajpa `e]cj}ope_ko lkoe^hao mqa okhk lqa`aj oan _kilnaj`e`ko oe d]u atlhe_]_ekjao lkoe^hao u lh]qoe^hao `a h]o _h]rao aj ah _kjpatpk `a h] oepq]_e}j %Iqjjau) /-./) lyco+ 44*45&+ Iko napko l]n] hko aopq`e]jpao ej_hquaj aj lneian hqc]n ]lnaj`an hk mqa d]u mqa e`ajpebe_]n `qn]jpa h] r]hkn]_e}j b{oe_]) hk mqa oa _kjoe`an] jkni]h u `aolqzo hk mqa oa `aor{] `a hk jkni]h l]n] ao] lanokj]+ > h] rav) hko aopq`e]jpao `a^aj ]lhe_]n oq _ki* lapaj_e] _qhpqn]h ieajpn]o na_kleh]j `]pko a ejpan]_p~]j _kj h] lanokj]+ Ik mqa naoqhp] `eb{_eh l]n] hko aopq`e]jpao ao ]cnql]n hko `]pko u oeiqhpyja]iajpa o]_]n _kj_hqoekjao l]n] k^pajan qj `e]cj}ope_k ]`a_q]`k k na]hev]n qj `e]cj}ope_k `ebanaj_e]h+ Rj] aopn]* pace] abe_]v ao d]_an mqa hko aopq`e]jpao atlhemqaj hk mqa aopyj lajo]j`k ieajpn]o aopyj na_kleh]j`k hko `]pko+ Bopk oa _kjoecqa iafkn d]_eaj`k qj] oeiqh]_e}j aj ah _]ilqo) qj ajpknjk oacqnk `a ]lnaj`ev]fa `kj`a hko aopq`e]jpao lqa`aj ajpnaj]noa oej paikn `a d]_an `]|k ]h l]_eajpa k ]ranckjv]noa oe jk `e_aj hk _knna_pk+ Mqa`a naoqhp]n ^]op]jpa abe_]v qo]n qj ik`ahk aop]j`]nev]`k) `ao]nnkhh]`k lkn ah lnkbaokn]`k) mqa oeiqha beah* iajpa h] oepq]_e}j `a qj l]_eajpa) _kj qj lnkbaokn mqa d]_a ah l]lah `a l]_eajpa l]n] _kjpaop]n h]o lnacqjp]o `ah aopq`e]jpa+ Bopa pelk `a ajpknjk laniepa mqa ah lnkbaokn]`k) aj h] oaoe}j `a ]jyheoeo lkopanekn) lqa`] _kiajp]n _n{pe_]iajpa _kj hko aopq`e]jpao ok^na oe7 .& oq lajo]ieajpk ran^]hev]`k `aikopn]^] qj izpk`k h}ce_k u oeopaiype_k `a na_kleh]_e}j `a `]pko8 /& ieajpn]o ]cnql]^]j hko `]pko oeiqhpyja]iajpa `aikopn]^]j ah qok `a qj ajbkmqa `a naokhq_e}j*`a*lnk^hai]o) u 0& oq _kiqje_]_e}j ran^]h u jk* ran^]h an] abe_]v `qn]jpa ah lnk_aok `a na_kleh]_e}j `a `]pko+ EW [di[tWdpW Z[b Z_W]duij_Ye [d[hc[he Yece kd [b[c[dje Z[b fheY[ie [d[hc[he Bh `e]cj}ope_k ajbaniank oa `abeja _kik ei fqe_ek _h{je_k ok^na h]o atlaneaj_e]o,nao* lqaop]o `a qj] lanokj]) b]iehe]) cnqlk k _kiqje`]` bnajpa ] lnk^hai]o `a o]hq` k lnk_aoko rep]hao na]hao k lkpaj_e]hao+++ XuZ lnklkn_ekj] h] ^]oa l]n] h] oaha__e}j `a h]o ejpanraj_ekjao ajbanian]o `aopej]`]o ] hkcn]n hko naoqhp]`ko `a hko mqa h] ajbanian] ao naolkjo]^ha %r+ Dhko]nek `a pzniejko&+ Oareo]n hko _kj_alpko `a lna_eoe}j u r]he`av `a hko `e]cj}ope_ko ajbanianko lqa`a ]uq`]n ] hko aopq`e]jpao ] _kilnaj`an mqa h]o ajban* ian]o lkn oq pepqh]_e}j u oq _]ilk `a ]_pere`]` okj naolkjo]^hao `a hko `e]cj}ope_ko . mqa na]hev]j+ Aapaniej]n h]o _]n]_pan{ope_]o `abejepkne]o `a qj `e]cj}ope_k ajbaniank namqeana mqa ah aopq`e]jpa `a Bjbanian{] na_kleha u ]cnqla hko `]pko k^faperko %oecjko& u oq^faperko F %o{jpki]o& _kik l]npa `ah lnk_aok `a n]vkj]ieajpk `e]cj}ope_k+ Pecjebe_] mqa) ieajpn]o . na_kleh] hko `]pko) ah aopq`e]jpa `a Bjbanian{] aileav] ] ]cnql]n hko `]pko+ Iko `]pko ]cnql]`ko oenraj _kik _h]rao k ejbanaj_e]o `a h]o i]jebaop]_ekjao `a qj `e]cj}ope_k / ajbaniank %qj lnk^hai] na]h) qj aop]`k `a lnkik_e}j `a h] o]hq`) k qj lkpaj_e]h aop]`k F `a neaock&+ ? I] _h]ra l]n] ajoa|]n h] bkniqh]_e}j `a `e]cj}ope_ko ajbanianko lna_eoko _kjoeopa aj o ]uq`]n ] hko aopq`e]jpao ] _kilnaj`an h] eilknp]j_e] `ah lnk_aok `a r]hkn]_e}j+ Aa`e_]n B peailk oqbe_eajpa ] ajoa|]n ] hko aopq`e]jpao _}ik oa qpehev] h] Q]tkjki{] FF `a K>KA>*F l]n] ah lnk_aok `a r]he`]_e}j hao ]uq`] ] _kilnaj`an _qyj eilknp]jpa ao h] lna_eoe}j 9X[VJLRgW N KA>*F ej_hqua /.4 `e]cj}o* pe_ko ajbanianko ]uq`]ny ] hko aopq`e]jpao ] qo]nh]+ Bo ~peh `a^]pen _kik i{jeik qj `e]cj}ope_k `a _]`] qjk `a hko oecqeajpao .0 `kiejeko k _]packn{]o `a h] lny_pe_] ajban* ian]7 Mnkik_e}j `a h] o]hq`+ Kqpne_e}j) Bheiej]_e}j a Fjpan_]i^ek) >_pere`]`,Oalkok) Man_al_e}j,@kcje_e}j) >qpklan_al_e}j) Okh,Oah]_ekjao) Patq]he`]`) >bnkjp]ieajpk, Qkhan]j_e] `ah aopnzo+ Mnej_eleko rep]hao+ Pacqne`]`,Mnkpa__e}j) @kjbknp u @na_eieajpk, Aao]nnkhhk+ Mkn afailhk) ah `e]cj}ope_k `a KA>*F+ Iko b]_pknao k r]ne]^hao mqa ejbhquaj aj hko `e]cj}o* pe_ko aopyj ejpacn]`ko aj hko ]jpa_a`ajpao) h] deopkne] _h{je_] u _q]hmqean kpn] are`aj_e]+ Bop]o r]ne]^hao lnklkn_ekj]j ah _kjpatpk %hko b]_pknao nah]_ekj]`ko& mqa oa _ki^ej]j _kj h]o _]n]_pan{ope_]o `abejepkne]o l]n] _kjopepqen hko `e]cj}ope_ko ajbanianko+ Iko b]_pknao nah]_ekj]`ko oa lqa`aj `ao_ne^en _kik ]jpa_a`ajpao ]) ]ok_e]`ko _kj) nah]_ekj]`ko _kj) _kjpne^quajpao ]) k ]lkuko `ah `e]cj}ope_k8 aopyj aopna_d]iajpa hec]`ko ]h _kj_alpk `a apekhkc{]+ Bo ~peh atlhe_]n ] hko aopq`e]jpao mqa) _q]j`k ao lkoe^ha) h]o ajbanian]o pn]p]j hko b]_pknao nah]_ekj]`ko _kj ejpanraj_ekjao ajbanian]o) l]n] arep]n k na`q_en ah eil]_pk `ah b]_pkn aj h] lanokj]+ Mkn afailhk) oe qj `e]cj}ope_k ajbaniank ao b fheY[ie [d[hc[he) >`[cfbe5 ^_ijeh_W Z[ iWbkZ o lWbehWY_ud si_YW5 _Z[dj__YWY_ud Z[ YWhWYj[hsij_YWi Z[_d_jeh_Wi o WYjeh[i h[bWY_edWZei Sej_qh]n ah qok `ah lnk_aok ajbaniank _kj h] na]hev]_e}j `a qj] r]hkn]_e}j ajbanian] `a E#B ao ei] aopn]pace] `a ajoa|]jv] ~peh l]n] lnej_ele]jpao+ Bo eilknp]jpa mqa oa lnaoajpa ei _]ok _h{je_k _kj qj jerah ]`a_q]`k l]n] jk ]^nqi]n ] hko aopq`e]jpao+ Bok ]uq`] ] d]_an ran ] hko aopq`e]jpao mqa hko b]_pknao nah]_ekj]`ko `a ]hcqjko `e]cj}ope_ko jk oeailna ]l]na_aj `qn]jpa h]o ap]l]o `a na_kce`] `a `]pko `a h] deopkne] `a o]hq` u h] 3. 7RJPWg]RLX NWON[VN[X *()*%*(), 160. r]hkn]_e}j b{oe_]+ Cna_qajpaiajpa) ah,hko b]_pkn,ao ]l]na_a,j _q]j`k oa haa h] `k_qiaj* p]_e}j) k ]jpao `a ran ] h] lanokj]) ]h na_e^en ah ejbknia `a _kjpejqe`]` `a _qe`]`ko `a h] ajbanian] mqa _qe`] ] h] lanokj]+ Iko b]_pknao nah]_ekj]`ko lnklkn_ekj]j ah _kjpatpk l]n] h]o _]n]_pan{ope_]o `abejepkne]o8 iqaopn]j ]hc~j pelk `a nah]_e}j _kj ah `e]cj}ope_k ajbaniank+ Ae_dk `a kpnk ik`k) ah n]vkj]ieajpk `e]cj}ope_k ja_aoep] mqa h] ajbanian] _kjpejq]iajpa ar]h~a u ]cnqla hko `]pko+ Mkn afailhk) ieajpn]o ri aopq`e]jpa `a Bjbanian{] na]hev] qj] r]hkn]_e}j ajbanian] `a E#B `a P]n]) ahh] `e_a) ia aopy `kheaj`k iq_d{oeik h] iq|a_] `ana_d] u jk lqa`k `knien %`]pko oq^faperko&+ Bh aopq`e]jpa p]i^ezj k^oanr] mqa P]n] hhkn] u ceia) mqa oq lqhok ao ..5 u nacqh]n %lqjpk `a nabanaj_e]7 5- lqho]_ekjao lkn iejqpk u nacqh]n&) oq lnaoe}j o]jcq{ja] ao .0-,5- %leipk `a nabanaj_e]7 ..5,5- iiEc&) oq bna_qaj_e] naolen]pkne] ao `a /1 u nacqh]n %lqjpk `a nabanaj_e]7 .5 lkn iejqpk u nacqh]n&) h] ao_]ukh] aj h] iq|a_] `ana_d] aopy oa_] a ejp]_p]) lqa`a ikran hko `a`ko u zopko jk aopyj dej* _d]`ko %`]pko k^faperko&+ I] ajbanian] le`a mqa P]n] r]hkna oq jerah `a `khkn aj qj] ao_]h] `a . ] .-+ P]n] _kjpaop]) ri4 %`]pko oq^faperko&+ >h nal]o]n h] ejbkni]_e}j ok^na P]n]) h] ajbanian] k^oanr] mqa peaja .5 ]|ko u mqa d] oe`k ejcnao]`] lkn lneian] rav+ Cqa klan]`] `a qj] bn]_pqn] `a h] irp|a_] `ana_d] h] jk_da ]jpanekn u peaja oq leanj] `ana_d] ejbanekn ao_]ukh]`]) _kik naoqhp]`k p]i^ezj `a qj] bn]_pqn]+ I] klan]_e}j ] h] mqa P]n] d] oe`k okiape`] hhac] ] oan qj b]_pkn nah]_ekj]`k _kj ah `khkn mqa aopy atla* neiajp]j`k8 ao h] _]qo] iyo lnk^]^ha `ah `khkn `a iq|a_] mqa ahh] `ao_ne^a+ Rj] i]ukn r]hkn]_e}j narah] mqa d]u qj ia`e_]iajpk na_ap]`k _]`] 1 dkn]o l]n] ah `khkn 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h] o]hq` lqa`]j ajpaj`an) eilhaiaj* p]n u `k_qiajp]n) mqa pk`]o h]o ja_aoe`]`ao `ah l]_eajpa d]j oe`k ]paj`e`]o) lkn kn`aj `a lnekne`]`+ Mkn _kjoecqeajpa) h] lneknev]_e}j `a hko `e]cj}ope_ko ajbanianko oa d] _kjranpe`k aj qj ]ola_pk ecq]hiajpa eilknp]jpa `a h] eilhaiajp]_e}j `ah lnk_aok ajbaniank+ Mneknev]n hko `e]cj}ope_ko _kj ]`a_q]`ko naoqhp]`ko u lh]jao `a ejpanraj_e}j ej`e_] ]h lnkbaokn mqa hko aopq`e]jpao `a Bjbanian{] aopyj ailha]j`k ah lajo]ieajpk _n{pe_k,n]vkj]ieajpk _h{je_k) aj kpn]o l]h]^n]o) `aikopn]j`k ah lnk_aok ajbaniank+ Iko a`q_]`knao) ok^na pk`k _kj aopq`e]jpao lnej_ele]jpao) `a^an{]j la`en atlh{_ep]* iajpa qj] heop] lneknev]`] `a `e]cj}ope_ko ajbanianko aj rav `a la`en oeilhaiajpa mqa d]c]j oq heop] `a `e]cj}ope_ko+ Bo eilknp]jpa atlhe_]n ] hko aopq`e]jpao ah lknmqz `a h] eilknp]j_e] `a lneknev]n u rej_qh]nh] _kj h] iafkn] `a h] _]he`]` u h] oacqne`]` `ah l]_eajpa+ Rj] oacqj`] aopn]pace] ao ajb]pev]n mqa h] lneknev]_e}j jk oa `a^an{] `]n lkn bej]hev]`] d]op] mqa hko 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