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CANCER Shantanu Sen Product Specialist The Himalaya Drug Company

Presentation on cancer

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Cancer- Types, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology, Management, Available Drugs, MOA, Total Market, Limitations of presently available drugs, brand names of available brands with their company name

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Page 1: Presentation on cancer

CANCER

Shantanu Sen Product Specialist The Himalaya Drug Company

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WHAT IS CANCER ?

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TYPES OF TUMORS

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TYPES OF CANCER

• lung cancer• Breast cancer• Colon and rectal cancer• Endometrial cancer• Pancreatic cancer• Kidney cancer• Prostrate cancer• Thyroid cancer• leukemia

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KINDS OF CANCERS

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NAMING OF CANCER

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ETIOLOGY

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Environmental factors• Tobacco• Alcohol• Dietary Factors• Occupational exposures• Viruses• Parasites• Customs ,habits, Lifestyles• Others – sunlight, pollution,

drugs

GeneticEg• Retinoblastoma in Children• Leukemia in Mongols

CAUSES OF CANCER

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Factors Believed to Contribute to Global Causes of Cancer

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EPIDEMOLOGY OF CANCER

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2013 ESTIMATES

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CANCER CAUSES IN DEVELOPED AND DEVELOPING ECONOMIES

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Cancer scenario in India

Year wise total cancer prevalence in India [ICMR, 2006; ICMR, 2009]

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ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS FOR DIFFERENT CANCERS IN INDIA

SMOKING & HOOKAH

BIDI & HOOKAH SMOKING

SMOKED MEAT,TOBACCO, HOOKAH

BETEL NUT,PANMASALA, ALCOHOL

BETEL CHEWING

PAN MASALA AND ALCOHOL

NUCLEAR POLLUTION

AIR POLLUTION

PAN MASALA & GUTKA

Etiological factors for the prevalence of different cancers in India [Koul et al, 2010; ICMR, 2001;Somdatta et al, 2008; Sharma et al, 2009; Gaur et al, 2006; Prasad et al, 2005; Malothu et al, 2010; Sumathi et al, 2009; (b): http//

TOBACCO USE IN DIFFERENT FORM

TUIBUR

GALL STONES

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COMPARISON OF CANCERINDIA WITH GLOBAL SCENARIO

• 2020- 10 million deaths,70% in developing countries ( Murray et al,1996)

• Incidence in India less than developed countries (Fenley et al ,2001)

• Lung cancer worldwide 14%,all of india 6.8%(Nandakumar,2001)

• South east asian countries including India, lower rates of stomach cancer (Parkin et al,1999,WHO,2001),mizoram shows increased no cases ( Hadjiiski et al, 2006)

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Pathogenesis Of Cancer

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Management Of Cancer

• Surgery• Radiotherapy• Chemotherapy• Immunotherapy• Hormone therapy• Gene therapy• Cancer-specific immune system cells to treat

cancer

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Preventive measures of cancer

o physical activities

o avoiding obesities

o healthy dietary practices

o reducing occupational and environmental exposures

o reducing alcohol uses

o immunization against hepatitis B virus

o safe sexual practices for avoiding cancer genesis

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RECENT STUDIES

• Lifestyle changes reduce the risk of prostate cancer( published in the journal Nutrition and Cancer, was carried out by researchers at UCLA's Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center (JCCC).)

• Researchers Aiming To Suppress Therapy Resistance In Brain Cancer (http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/262571.php)

• Fish Oils Reduce Risk Of Breast Cancer (http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/262612.php)

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Life style changes reduce the risk of prostate cancer (Nutrition and Cancer" Lenore Arab, PhD, et al. Nutrition and Cancer Jun-2013)

• Focuses on 8 new lifestyle recommendation by WCRF

• Encouraged physical activity and consumption of food low in caloric density(under 125kcal/100 grams of food)

• who followed less than 4 recommendation at higher risk(38%)

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Research aiming to suppress therapy resistance in brain cancer (Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres.  Medical News Today.

MediLexicon, Intl., 29 Jun. 2013. Web)

• Gliomas are malignant brain tumors, treatment combines radiotherapy with anticancer drug temozolomide

• Some cases shows resistance , DNA repair mechanism aided by NAD+ molecule

• QRTP enzyme break down quinolinic acid to NAD+ molecule

• Agent directed against enzyme help suppress therapy resistance in brain

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Fish oil reduces the risk of breast cancer (Nordqvist, Joseph.

"Fish Oils Reduce Risk Of Breast Cancer." Medical News Today. MediLexicon, Intl., 28 Jun. 2013. Web.)

• Links fish,n-3PUFA intake and risk of breast cancer

• Marine n-3PUFA intake associated with 14% reduced risk of breast cancer

• For every 0.1g/day increase in consumption ,risk reduced by 5%

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Anticancer Drugs With Their MOA

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Schematic Representation Of MOA

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Limitations Of Presently Available Drugs• Myelotoxicity

• Alopecia • loss of appetite & weight

• nausea & vomitus

• taste change

• stomatitis, esophagitis, constipation, diarrhea

•Cardiotoxicity

•Neurotoxicity

•lung damage

•sterility & teratogenicity

•hepatotoxicity & nefrotoxicity

•↓ wound healing •↓ growth (children)

•carcinogenicity

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Anticancer Drugs In The Market

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Market share of Anticancer Drug Makers

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Growth In Cancer Market

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REFERENCE

• All about cancer http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/cancer-oncology/

• Imran Ali,Waseem A. Wani and Kishwar Saleem,( 2011)Cancer Scenario in India with Future Perspectives, Cancer Therapy Vol 8, 56-70

• National cancer institute, http://www.cancer.gov/

• Gobal cancer facts and figures, http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/content/@epidemiologysurveilance/documents/document/acspc-027766.pdf

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THANK YOU