Upload
edson-mutandwa
View
67
Download
2
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Edson Mutandwa MBBSIVSubconjuctival haemorrhage
uveitis
SUBCONJUCTIVAL HAEMORRHAGE
• A subconjunctival haemorrhage occurs when a tiny blood vessel breaks just underneath the clear surface of your eye (conjunctiva).
CAUSES AND RISK FACTORSCAUSES RISK FACTORSViolent coughingPowerful sneezingHeavy liftingVomitingRoughly rubbing your eyeSevere eye infectionTrauma
• Diabetes• High blood pressure
(hypertension)• Certain blood-thinning
medications, such as warfarin and aspirin
• Blood-clotting disorders
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMSSYMPTOMSPossible mild foreign body sensation SignsSIGNSBlood-red, well-circumscribed area overlying
sclera
TREATMENTReassurance Cold compressesArtificial tears
UVEITISUveitis is inflammation of the uvea, the
middle layer of the eye. The uvea consists of the iris, choroid and ciliary body.
The most common type of uveitis is an inflammation of the iris called iritis (anterior uveitis).
CAUSES AND RISK FACTORSThe specific cause of uveitis isn't clear. However, in some people, uveitis is associated with: Autoimmune disorders, such as Behcet's disease,
sarcoidosis or ankylosing spondylitisInflammatory disorders, such as Crohn's disease or
ulcerative colitisInfections such as cat-scratch disease, herpes, syphilis,
toxoplasmosis, tuberculosis or West Nile virusEye injuryCertain cancers, such as lymphoma, that can directly
or indirectly affect the eye
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMSSIGNS SYMPTOMS• Unilateral or
bilateral• Pain• Photophobia• Tearing• Normal to mildly
decreased vision Signs
• Perilimbal flush• Watery discharge• Possible
constricted and sluggish pupil• Variable
intraocular pressure•
WORK UPComplete ocular history and examSystemic history and exam for various
associated conditionsSlit lamp examDeposits on posterior surface of cornea
(keratic precipitates)Inflammatory cells and protein (flare) in ACAdhesions of iris to surface of lens (posterior
synechiae)
Hypopyon
TREATMENT1. Anti-inflammatory medication. E.g corticosteroids 2. Antibiotic or antiviral medication. If uveitis is caused
by an infection3. Immunosuppressive or cell-destroying (cytotoxic)
medication. Immunosuppressive or cytotoxic agents may be necessary if your uveitis doesn't respond well to corticosteroids or becomes severe enough to threaten your vision.
4. Surgery. Vitrectomy-may be necessary both for diagnosis and management of your uveitis..