Hiro Yoshioka, Technical Managing Ofcer,! Rakuten, Inc.! ! http://www.slideshare.net/hyoshiok/hacker- culture-at-an-internet-company-20140423! ! Hacker Culture at an Internet Company.! 2014/4/23!

2 Agenda Hacker Culture at an Internet Company

3 Be a Hacker. Make the world a better place.

4 The future is already here it's just not very evenly distributed. by William Gibson

5 Agenda History of IT Industry, Internet and Hackers OSS Hacker Culture Community, Engineers career

6 whoami Name: Hiro Yoshioka Title: Technical Managing Officer Company: Rakuten, Inc 2009 present My mission: Empower Our Engineers Twitter: @hyoshiok http://d.hatena.ne.jp/hyoshiok (Diary in Japanese) http://someday-join-us.blogspot.jp/ (in English)

7 whoami Name: Hiro Yoshioka 2009-present, Rakuten 2000-2008, Miracle Linux, CTO 2002-2003, OSDL board member 1994-2000, Oracle 1984-1994, DEC 1984 Keio University (MS) http://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/ linux.git/commit/? id=c22ce143d15eb288543fe9873e1c5ac1c01b69a1

8 Who are we? lRakuten, Inc. lInternet services company lFounded : Feb. 7th 1997, Tokyo, Japan lThe first service: Rakuten Ichiba (shopping mall)

9 Who are we?

10 Rakuten in Japan

11 Rakuten Eagles is No. 1 http://event.rakuten.co.jp/campaign/eagles/group/

12 History of IT industry Mainframe PC Internet Mobile Internet

13 50th anniversary http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/ibm100/us/en/icons/system360/impacts/ IBM System/360 Mainframe Computer

14 IBM PC. 1981 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:IBM_PC_5150.jpg

15 IT industry Vertical Integration by 80s Mainframe Horizontal from 80s PC, Open Systems Internet, 90s Open Source Software from 1998 Web 2.0, 2005 Mobile Internet, 00s

16 History of IT industry Mainframe IBM PC Microsoft, Intel Internet Yahoo, Amazon, Google, Mobile Internet Apple, Google, Facebook, Amazon

17 Internet changes everything. The World is Flat. Open Source Software Hacker Mind http://www.rakuten.co.jp/recruit/engineer/hackermind.html

18 OSS Open Source Software 1998, Opened Netscapes browser source code Open Source Software http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mozilla_(mascotte)

19 Why Open? Open or Close Intellectual Property Patent Copyright Trademark

20 OSS Value Freedom of Software Global software development model Evolution of software by collaboration Cathedral and Bazaar Eric Raymond, 1997

21 Bazaar Software Development Model Engagement Users become Developers Develop by Community individual vs. organization volunteers http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Laad_Bazaar.jpg

22 OSS Community Typical OSS community Charisma, top programmers (e.g., Matsumoto san (Ruby), Linus Torvalds (Linux)) Committers (top notch programmers who have the right to add/modify the OSS) Contributors (programmers who submit bug fixes, new proposals, patches) Casual users (report bugs, ask questions, etc) committers charisma contributors casual users Matz Yugui Linus Greg K Hartman http://commons.wikimedia.org/ wiki/File%3AGreg_Kroah- Hartman_lks08.jpg

23 Linux Commits 491K+ Contributors 12K+ Lines of code 16M+ License GPL v2 http://www.ohloh.net/p/linux 3/24/2014 Example of commit. http://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/? id=c22ce143d15eb288543fe9873e1c5ac1c01b69a1

24 Moores Law http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moore's_law Computers are getting cheaper Transistor is double every 18 to 24 months

25 The Mythical Man-Month http://www.kobobooks.com/ebook/The-Mythical-Man-Month-Essays/ book-5XViaJPL_UeFtLEagIcF9A/page1.html Frederick Brooks, JR. Brooks Law "adding manpower to a late software project makes it later The father of OS/360.

26 Human Centric Engineers make Services and Software. Computers are getting cheaper by Moors law Software Development is governed by Brookss law. Hackers make the Internet.

27 Hacker Culture Common Value

28 Hacker Ethics Access to computers should be unlimited and total. All information should be free Mistrust authority promote decentralization Hackers should be judged by their hacking, not criteria such as degrees, age, race, sex, or position You can create art and beauty on a computer Computers can change your life for the better Levy, Steven. (1984, 2001). Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution (updated edition). Penguin. http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/729

29 Hacker Culture, Common Value Computers can change your life for the better rough consensus and working code http://www.ietf.org/tao.html If it's a good idea, go ahead and do it. It is much easier to apologize than it is to get permission. By Grace Hopper

30 Internet, Joichi Ito The ethos of the Internet everyone should have the freedom to connect, to innovate, to program, without asking permission. No one can know the whole of the network, and by design it cannot be centrally controlled. This network was intended to be decentralized, its assets widely distributed. Today most innovation springs from small groups at its edges. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/06/science/joichi-ito-innovating- by-the-seat-of-our-pants.html?_r=2&

31 What Happened to Yahoo, Paul Graham In 1998. Yahoo had two problems Google didn't: easy money, and ambivalence about being a technology company. Which companies need to have a hacker-centric culture? Any company that needs to have good software. http://www.paulgraham.com/yahoo.html

32 What Happened to Yahoo, Paul Graham Good programmers want to work at hacker- centric culture. Without good programmers you wont get good software. http://www.paulgraham.com/yahoo.html

33 The Hacker Way (Facebook) IPO 2012 Code wins arguments Continuous Improvement and Iteration Open and Meritocratic Hackathon Bootcamp http://www.wired.com/business/2012/02/zuck- letter/

34 http://blogs-images.forbes.com/jasonoberholtzer/files/ 2011/06/Talent_traffic.gif

35 Hacker-centric Culture Software Development in Internet Age Hire good programmers Good programmers want to work with good programmers at hacker centric culture Build good work place Good programmers make good services

36 Web 2.0 The Web As Platform Harnessing Collective Intelligence Data is the Next Intel Inside End of Software Release Cycle Lightweight Programming Models Software Above the Level of a Single Device Rich User Experience http://oreilly.com/web2/archive/what-is-web-20.html 9/30/2005 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Web_2.0_Map.svg

37 Netscape vs Google A native web application, never sold or packaged, but delivered as a service None of the trappings of the old software industry are present. No scheduled software releases, just continuous improvement. No licensing or sale, just usage. No porting to different platforms, , just a massively scalable collection of commodity PCs running OSS operating systems plus homegrown applications and utilities that no one outside the company ever gets to see.http://oreilly.com/web2/archive/what-is-web-20.html

38 Community Seminar, meetings, conference,

39 IT Seminar Calendar of Japan http://bit.ly/QmRFiS more than 300 meetings/month

40 Conferences in Japan http://ll.jus.or.jp/2013/ http://phpcon.php.gr.jp/w/2012/ http://yapcasia.org/2013/ http://2012.pycon.jp/index.html http://nodefest.jp/2012/ http://rubykaigi.org/2013 http://connpass.com/event/2253/?disp_content=presentation#tabs

41 Conference Running by volunteers Inexpensive, e.g., 5000 yen/day ($50/day) Numbers attendees; more than 100 - 1000 Sharing technical knowledge and networking Beer Bash or Drinking Party (optional) Examples, LL event, PHP Conference, YAPC (Yet another perl conference), RubyKaigi, Tokyo Node Gakuen (Javascript)

42 cf. Commercial Conference Running by corporation Expensive, e.g., $300-$500/day Numbers attendees; more than 1000 Sharing technical knowledge and networking Party (optional) Examples, OSCON $2045 (5 days), http://www.oscon.com/oscon2013

43 Volunteer driven meetups, conference Good Points Organizer; You can organize what you want. Contents, speakers, date, time, place, fee Presenters; You can share your idea. Participants; Bad Points You need to do everything. (You may have help from community)

44 Sustainable meetups, conference Value of meetup > Cost of meetups Increase value Decrease cost

45 Self Introduction Ethnography a branch of anthropology dealing with the scientific description of individual cultures.

46 Ethnography, computer industry Field study of Computer Industry instead of undeveloped region. Understand corporate culture Describe corporate culture Develop better corporate culture Corporate culture is difficult to understand from outside

47 Ethnography The Soul of New Machine Show Stopper i-mode Engineering Culture Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution

48 whoami Name: Hiro Yoshioka 2009-present, Rakuten 2000-2008, Miracle Linux, CTO 2002-2003, OSDL board member 1994-2000, Oracle 1984-1994, DEC

49 Digital Equipment Corporation Corporate Culture The first company gives you strong impressions Computer vendor, 2nd largest, 1957-90s Acquired by Compaq in 1998, merged with HP in 2002

50 Digital Equipment Corporation Corporate Culture Midnight project internal computer network information sharing

51 Hacker-centric Culture Why do we need it? Common Good Competitiveness Best practice

52 Hacker-centric Culture Why do we need it for me? It is fun. Reasons Common good (make better world) Competitiveness (win a competition) Best practice (increase productivity)

53 How do we foster it? Corporate culture is developed by implicit and explicit way Only insiders know it

Socialization Externalization Combination Internalization Tacit/ Tacit Explicit Explicit Tacit Tacit Explicit/ Explicit Challenge of a Global Knowledge-Creating Organization Socialization This process focuses tacit to tacit. Externalization This process focuses tacit to explicit. knowledge. Combination Knowledge transforms from explicit to explicit. Internalization Tacit knowledge is created using explicit knowledge and shared across the organization. Knowledge needs to move from Tacit to Explicit and Explicit to Tacit This is especially hard for Global Companies!

55 How do we foster it? Tacit (implicit) Knowledge material: manager, mentor, colleagues methods: work, job, study sessions, lunch, drinking, hackerthons, SNS, Explicit Knowledge strategy, guideline, rule, procedure, tools

56 How do we foster it? Tacit (implicit) Knowledge Super Sale live on Enterprise SNS

57 Corporate Community Community of practice Organization: Vertical Project: Horizontal Community: Not Vertical, Not Horizontal sharing value

58 The Hacker Way (Facebook) Code wins arguments Continuous Improvement and Iteration Open and Meritocratic Hackathon Bootcamp http://www.wired.com/business/2012/02/zuck- letter/

59 The Hacker Way (Facebook) Hackathon Demo or Die Pizza and Beer at Yammer, 10/28/12

60 How to be a good Engineer (specialist)? Learn how to learn knowledge is less important than skill Be lifetime learner http://learningpatterns.sfc.keio.ac.jp/

61 Rakuten Learning Global Experience Program International (oversea) Technical Conference Hands on Trainings Techtalks, internal seminars Technology Conference

Global training Training is very important. SF Agile Development Center DU members SF Agile Development Centertraining The number of participants6employees Training period 25 Sep 2011 15 Dec 2011

DUve promoted Globalization : GEP/OSC/ Englishnization GEP: 8 trainings, 28 trainees. OSC: 140 conferences, 468 members 2012 result ,17 countries. As part of it, DADve helped GEP, OSC and EP program. Last year, DU sent many people to overseas.

64 Community Collaboration tools (Wiki, bug tracking system) Techtalks, informal seminar Technology Conference

65 Tech Talk ? Informal technical talks by experts, running by volunteer staffs

66 Topics Tips about internal tools Wiki, Network Tools, JIRA, Confluence, git, New technologies Mobile Applications, PaaS, agile software development, HTML5,

67 Rakuten Technology Conference Annual conference since 2007 All sessions are in English (2012) industries experts and employees sessions Oct 25th, 2014 http://tech.rakuten.co.jp/

68 Internet changes everything. The World is Flat. Open Source Software Hacker Mind http://www.rakuten.co.jp/recruit/engineer/hackermind.html

ENGLISHNIZATION

ITS ONLY ENGLISH http://books.rakuten.co.jp/rb/11693605/

Employee Grade Not Reached (RED) Not Reached (YELLOW) Not Reached (ORANGE) ReachedTarget GREEN AAA -550 551-650 651-749 750- AA -500 501-600 601-699 700- A -450 451-550 551-649 650- BBB -400 401-500 501-599 600- BB -400 401-500 501-599 600- B -400 401-500 501-599 600- RED ZONE: More than 200 points away from target YELLOW ZONE: Between 100-199 points away from target ORANGE ZONE: Between 1 99 points away from target GREEN ZONE: Score meets or exceeds target ZONE DEFINITION

ZONE STATUS 29% 9% 11% 14% 36% 87% 8% 4% 5% A M J M J A S O N D J 2011 2012 F M 16% 19% 20% 19% 17% 15% 13% 10% 7% 6% 6% 1% A As of June 30th, 2012 42% 45% 48% 49% 51% 53% 54% 56% 58% 60% 63% 66% Data: Ranten, Inc (Total may not equal 100% due to rounding) 4% 72% M 80% 2% J RED GREEN ORANGE YELLOWNo Score

651.5 672.3 687.3 694.7 645.6638.9632.6 625.3 612.7 604.3 596.3 586.9 583.6593.7 593.9 589.3 589.6 522.6 558.0537.8 526.2 500 520 540 560 580 600 620 640 660 680 700 2010/10 2010/11 2010/12 2011/1 2011/2 2011/3 2011/4 2011/5 2011/6 2011/7 2011/8 2011/9 2011/10 2011/11 2011/12 2012/1 2012/2 2012/3 2012/4 2012/5 2012/6/22 697.7 526.2 Oct-2010 June-2012 TOEIC Average score TOEIC SCORE Data: Rakuten, Inc. is speaking 500 520 540 560 580 600 620 640 660 680 700 720 740 760 780 800 Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct 761.1 526.2 Oct. 2010 Oct. 2013 TOEIC Score progress Amazing Progress!!

74 Agenda History of IT Industry, Internet and Hackers OSS Hacker Culture Web 2.0 Community, Engineers career

75 The future is already here it's just not very evenly distributed. by William Gibson

76 Be a Hacker. Make the world a better place.

77 reference License http://www.slideshare.net/YutakaKachi/20110211 http://handsout.jp/slide/1009 Bazaar model Producing OSS http://producingoss.com/ja/ Cathedral and Bazaar http://cruel.org/freeware/cathedral.html Open Innovation http://books.rakuten.co.jp/rb/5913864/ http://www8.cao.go.jp/cstp/tyousakai/seisaku/ haihu07/sanko1.pdf