WEB FRAMEWORKS

Submitted ToMrs. Bhumika GuptaMr. V.M. Thakkar

SEMINAR TOPIC

Submitted By-:Name - Pankaj ChandBranch – computer science and engineering 3rd year(6th Semester)Roll No.- 38

CONTENTS1. History

………………………………………………3-4

2. What is a web framework? ………………..5

3. Framework vs. libraries………………………6

4. Degrees of activeness ………………………7-8

5. Why should use a framework? ………….9

6. Framework Pattern(MVC)……………………10

7. Few popular framework

1. JAVA Based ……………………11-13

2. PHP Based ……………………14-16

3. ASP.NET Based……………………17

8. Advantages of using a framework……..18-19

9. Disadvantage of using a framework…..20

10. Reference …………………………………………….21

1. History The World Wide Web (often known as the web) was created in 1990

In the beginning the web was very static. The user could not interact much with the content, and to update a piece of text (or something else as well) in a published material on the web, the author had to edit the page locally and upload it to the server.

To get rid of this manual work the Common Gateway Interface (CGI) standard was created for interfacing external applications with web servers. (2) CGI created a new process for each request to the server resulting in heavy load on server side when dealing with a great amount of requests, thereby the demand for something more efficient grew.

In 1995-1996 the growth of web pages increased dramatically and at the same time e-commerce got about. ColdFusion, PHP and ASP (Active Server Pages) was created during the same period.

History continue…

The term "web application" was first introduced in 1999 in the Servlet Specification version 2.2 for the Java language. Today most web sites are interactive in some way which has made them more complex to develop and the term web application has become generic.

2. What is a web framework?

A framework is software development that is designed to support the development of dynamic-websites, web-applications and web-services.

It is a set of prewritten code or libraries which provide functionality common to a whole class of applications. The framework can be seen as a base or a skeleton to build upon.

3.Framework vs. libraries

vsa framework is about reusing behaviors by how abstract classes and components interact with each other

a framework calls one's application. framewor

k

A library is a collection of classes which provide reusable functionalities

one's application calls the library

Library

4.Degrees of activeness web frameworks

1. "Passive" framework -:

"Passive" framework - are frameworks that are just a bunch of files to start working from. Unpack and one is ready to create a project from it. Some frameworks support to be located apart from the project files, so the framework files can be reused by several other projects

Continue..

2."Semi-active" framework-:

"Semi-active" framework are frameworks that can generate code from one's existing code by a command from the developer. Some of these frameworks can also create whole new projects from the developers command, with or without options.

3. "Active" framework -:

Active" framework are frameworks which got what semi-active frameworks got and also are working in the background by writing/creating/generating code automatically without any command from the developer.

Why do we need framework?

Virtually all web applications have a common set of basic requirements, such as user management e.g., secure user login, password recovery), group management, and access authorization.

A Web Application Framework usually includes all these functionalities, refined through hundreds of production deployments, freeing developers to focus on the needs of their specific application.

In high traffic web application like social sites , registration sites etc., web frameworks provide excellent support for developing application having good traffic handling capacity by applying pooling techniques.

WAFs store important data in a relational database and they interact with users via a web-based user interface.

MVC Design Pattern-:

Presentation: View is the user interface (e.g. button) Controller is the code (e.g. callback for button)

Data: Model is the database

Framework Pattern

Few popular framework-:JAVA based framworks-:

Hibernate sits between your code and the database

Maps persistent objects to tables in the database

It is an object-relational mapping (ORM) solution

for Java developed by Red-hat corporation

We make our data persistent by storing it in a database

Makes an application portable to all SQL databases.

Eg : www.linked.in

Struts uses and extends the Java Servlet API to adopt the approach, a variation of the classic Model-View-Controller (MVC) design pattern.

Sites using sturts framworks;

Sites:http://www.boston.com

The Spring Framework provides a comprehensive programming and configuration model for modern Java-based enterprise applications

Dependency Injection

Aspect-Oriented Programming including Spring's declarative transaction management

Spring MVC web application Comprehensive and extensible support for both Authentication and Authorization Protection against attacks like session fixation, clickjacking, cross site request forgery, etc

Sites: http://linked.in security

PHP based frameworks-:

cakePHP-:

Follow clean MVC pattern

CakePHP is a rapid development framework for PHP that provides an extensible architecture for developing, maintaining, and deploying applications

Comprehensive and extensible support for both Authentication and Authorization Protection against attacks like session fixation, clickjacking, cross site request forgery, etc.

http://www.educationunlimited.com/

Zend Framework is focused on building more secure, reliable, and modern Web 2.0 applications & web services,

consumes widely available APIs from leading vendors like Google, Amazon, Yahoo!, Flickr , facebook to login them.

http://thorpesystems.com

Drupal is a free and open-source content management framework written in PHP

It is used as a back-end framework for at least 2.1% of all websites worldwide[8][9] ranging from personal blogs to corporate, political, and government sites

Eg. whitehouse.gov and data.gov.uk.

ASP.NET based Framework-:

The ASP.NET MVC is an open source web application framework that implements the model–view–controller (MVC) pattern.

open source license (Apache License 2.0).

Sites:www.microsoft.com

Advantages of using a framework Reuse of working code that has already been built, tested,

and used by other developers increases reliability and reduces developing time.

Get (free) help from others. By letting others (the framework) take care of common issues, like security, internalization, localization, etc., one will get (free) "outsourcing" from skilled developers. If a developer starts from scratch with a project the developer will have to think of everything. And, if the developer knows how to solve everything; why do it once more? There is just risk of bugs and security leaks.

Advantages Continued..

Framework can support "high level" of programming, by code modularity. Basic tasks, like login and database handling, can be in the framework and separated in another layers is business logic.

By upgrading one's framework it might give extra features without extra implementation. Take an example if an e-commerce is using a framework and the team behind the framework releases a new version it might give new ways of payment methods.

Disadvantage of using a framework To be able to use the framework at its best, it often requires

significant education and experience.

Performance might be suffering from common code that is built to handle as much as possible, and is not optimized for a specific task.

If a bug or a security risk in the framework is found it will be in all applications using the framework Some framework are very stiff and do not give the developer enough flexibility needed for some applications.

Building from scratch often gives a feeling of more productive which can make the developer more peaceful and less feeling of being stuck and thereby more creative and less bored.

REFERENCES-:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_web_application_frameworks

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_application_framework

http://s3.amazonaws.com/ppt-download/php-mvc-slides-powerpoint-2007-tower-of-power-far-too-sweet3466.ppt

http://www.mrl.nott.ac.uk/~bnk/Teaching/WPS/lecture19_turbogears1.ppt

http://homepage.univie.ac.at/peter.brezany/teach/kfk/04ws-vo/skriptum/wsrfa.ppt

http://publications.lib.chalmers.se/records/fulltext/123847.pdf

http://www.fatih.edu.tr/~moktay/document/Java.Web.Application.Frameworks.(WAF).ppt

http://cakephp.org/

http://woork.blogspot.in/2008/11/20-great-php-framework-for-developers.html

http://framework.zend.com/

Any Query...???