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How open scientific research data transform transdisciplinary research:
a theoretical debate
Yasuhisa Kondo
JpGU 2016 MGI04-10Open Research Data and Interoperable Science Infrastructures
for Earth & Planetary Sciences
2
Solution-oriented research with societyMy experience: Heritage inventory development in Oman
Site
Type
AppellationArabic
English
Location
Coordinates Boundary
Wilayat Region
Topography
Architecture
Material
Dimension
Height
Length
AreaDescriptionSmall finds
Event
Construction Date Period
Termination Date Period
Inspection
Date
Staff
Photograph
Condition
Ownership
Tourism
Damage
Land useAssessment
How open scientific research data transform transdisciplinary research
Definition of Transdisciplinary (TD) Research
• Not only multi- or interdisciplinary, but also…“Science with Society”• Co-design of research agenda,• Co-production of knowledge, and• Co-delivery of the resultswith societal stakeholders such as governmental agencies, funders, industries, NPOs and civil society.
(Mauser et al. 2013. doi:10.1016/j.cosust.2013.07.001)
3How open scientific research data transform transdisciplinary research
4
Transdisciplinary Research
Action ResearchParticipatory Research
超学際研究 超域研究
新領域融合研究 社会協働研究
Transboundary Research
Science for Society
Science with Society
How open scientific research data transform transdisciplinary research“Transdisciplinarity” is often used as a buzzword.
超学研究
Actors (“stakeholders”) who are engaged to a transdisciplinary research
5How open scientific research data transform transdisciplinary research
Actor Social entity Knowledge
Researcher • Professional researcher Scientific
Decision maker • Government• Industry Governance
Resident • NPO• Local resident Indigenous
Pro bono new!
(Skilled volunteer)
• Lawyers• Programmer• Social
entrepreneurTechnical
6
Researcher
Resident
Typology (1) Participatory Research
Outcomes
Example: Questionnaire, ideathon
How open scientific research data transform transdisciplinary research
7
Typology (2) Action Research
Researcher
Resident
Outcomes(Social
implementation)
How open scientific research data transform transdisciplinary research
8
Typology (3) Transdisciplinary Research (in sensu stricto)
Researcher
Resident
Decision makingfor solving issues
+Mutual learningDecision maker
“Co-x”Co-design
Co-production
Co-deliveryCo-leadership
How open scientific research data transform transdisciplinary research
Open science and pro bonos
Definition by government
• Open Access• Open Scientific Research Data• Acceleration of Citizen Science
→ Important for Open InnovationCabinet Office of Japan (January 2016)
Reality
•Movement to reform the research system by “openness” (Kitamoto 2016)• “Getting together but thinking differently”
(Kitamoto 2015)• Agreed in general but disagreed on details
Short-term effect
• An increasing number of pro bonos, who have adequately experienced social innovations by open data, will engage to transdisciplinary research.
9
Pro bono: a new actor in TD research
Happy Life Ideathon at RIHN in October 2015 Graphic recording (by S. Wanami)
• Individuals with high skills (e.g., ITC, social design) or expert knowledge (e.g., legal, financial)
• Not always belonging to local community but highly motivated.
• Leading social innovations by using open data. 10
11
Spin-offs
Researchers
Residents
Decisionfor
solutionDecision makers
“Co-x”Co-design
Co-productionCo-leadership
Mutual learning
Pro-bonos (skilled volunteers) new!
Scientific knowledge
Indigenous knowledge
Governance knowledge
Technical knowledge
Researchoutputs
Solution
Scientific knowledge
Governance knowledge
Indigenous knowledge
Gap
Gap
Gap
Gap
Gap Gap
Transdisciplinary researchwith pro bonos
1. Waterweed compost project
2. Report veg cultivations with compost
3. Analyze reports to find new effects4. Enhance the local community through sharing the regional resources
RIHNNutrient CyclingProject
Local residents
IndustriesRIHNGovernments
An idea from the ideathon with pro bonos
12How open scientific research data transform transdisciplinary research
Open science may boost citizen science.
This may be a transformation of transdisciplinary research.
However, there are still gaps between open science and citizen science.
13How open scientific research data transform transdisciplinary research
14
Spin-offs
Researchers
Residents
Decisionfor
solutionDecision makers
“Co-x”Co-design
Co-productionCo-leadership
Mutual learning
Pro-bonos (skilled volunteers) new!
Scientific knowledge
Indigenous knowledge
Governance knowledge
Technical knowledge
Researchoutputs
Solution
Scientific knowledge
Governance knowledge
Indigenous knowledge
Gap
Gap
Gap
Gap
Gap Gap
How can we fill knowledge gaps between actors?
Open research data
Importance of Knowledge Bridging
• There is a knowledge information gap between actors facing socio-environmental issues.In order to solve it, we should
• Specify where and what the gaps are present; and• Identify how to fill those gaps.
• We will study this issue in the RIHN’s Core Project (2017-19).
• Join us if you get interested!15How open scientific research data transform transdisciplinary researchThank you for listening. [email protected]