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Yumiko Kura, WorldFish
Greater Mekong Forum on Water, Food and Energy,
23 October, 2015
Hydropower Reservoir and Livelihood Adaptation of Communities in Keosenkham Village, Lao PDR
1
Keosenkham
Resettlement
Site
Sopchat
Thambing
SensiPhonkeoNam Gnouang
Dam
Change from River to Reservoir ecosystem
Timeline of Field Surveys
3
FGDs and Stakeholder Consultation
HH survey in 4 villagesBefore
Resettlement100 HH
April 2011 Dec. 2013
HH survey in 4 villages
2 Years After Resettlement
92 HH
Dec.2014 – Jan. 2015Feb. 2011
Resettlementto KeosenkhamMay-July 2011
Sept. 2012
HH survey in 4 villages
1 Year After Resettlement
100 HH
HH survey in 4 villages
3 Years After Resettlement
92 HH + FGDs
* Total number of resettled households in 4 villages = 180
Table 1: % Households Considering Nam Gnouang River/Reservoir as “Important” or “Very Important”
4
RIVER RESERVOIR
ForBefore
Resettlement
After
Resettlement
YEAR 1
After
Resettlement
YEAR 2
After
Resettlement
YEAR 3
Alternative in Keosenkham
(provided by the power
company)
Drinking 44 - - - Public and private wells
Bathing 74 - 11 - Public and private wells
Washing 76 - 11 - Public and private wells
Irrigation (including
river bank garden)36 - 59 49 Wells and reservoir
Fishing 98 99 82 81 Reservoir
Livestock watering 55 25 25 22 Reservoir and wells
Transportation 91 4 65 52 Road access
Micro-hydropower 25 - - - Public power grid
Village events and
festivals (e.g. wedding)68 - 5 4 Public and private wells
Rituals (e.g. funeral) 32 - 10 11 Public and private wells
Use of Nam Gnouang Reservoir compared to the use of Nam Gnouang River before resettlement
River-based to Reservoir-based Income (incl. the value of food and other products consumed at home )
5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Before Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
Inco
me
(M
Kip
/ye
ar/H
H)
Non farm
NTFP Wetlands
IrrigatedAgriculture
Fisheries
Percentage ofTotal Income
%
Figure 1: Income derived from river / reservoir ecosystems
Total income derived from reservoir is much less than the income derived from river
Fisheries continue to be the most important local use of the reservoir for income generation
Households involved in fishing has declined from 100% before resettlement to 68% 3 years after resettlement due to various reasons
Fishing areas upstream of the reservoir and tributaries are important for local communities
10/30/2015 Footer Text 6
Important fishing areas
7
Conclusions
• Fisheries is the most important community use of reservoir and needs to be sustained for foreseeable future
• Fisheries from reservoir and surrounding wetlands still have potential to increase natural productivity
• Need to improve and protect avariety of wetland habitats in and around the reservoir to facilitate natural fish breeding