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The Digital Humanities Cycle: Doing Digital History Iteratively
DH Benelux, June 8-9, 2015, Antwerp
Jesper Verhoef & Melvin WeversTranslantis Project, Utrecht University
Digital Humanities Approaches to Reference Cultures: The Emergence of the United States in Dutch Public Discourse between 1890 - 1990 1
Digital History Cycle
● Heuristics: Searching
● Hermeneutics: Analyzing
● Tool criticism: Understanding how
a tool works
● Corpus faceting: Pre-processing
of data
● Source Criticism: Critical
evaluation of historical sources
2
Question-Driven Use of Tools
● How was America represented in debates on portable radios?
● How has the geographic connotation of the cigarette shifted between 1920 and 1940? 3
Full-text searching
Traditional research Full-text Search
Source: Bob Nicholson, ‘The digital turn. Exploring the methodological possibilities of digital newspaper archives’, Media History 19.1 (2013) 66-67.
5
N-gram analysis
Source: KB N-gram viewer. http://kbkranten.politicalmashup.nl/#q/transistorradio|transistor radio|transistor-radio|portable radio|draagbare radio. Visited on May 30, 2015.
6
Topic Modeling - Advertisements 1924-1929
sigaret virginia whip chief ardath london goud cigarettes kwaliteit olympia kurk nummer rook beste gezondheid zoo zulk vooraan punten
sigaret sigaar pijp beter smakelijker wybert amersfoort virginia houbaer tabletten rooken oudste prijs magnums hollands nasmaak cent nemen noch
sigaret nieuwe onze tabakken vervaardigd doosje import vraagt rookt smaak betere cents sigaretten turksche fijne kwaliteit edelste uwe proef
sigaret club sigaretten gij army camel tabak cent sopla camels wereld kwaliteit prijs gemaakt virginia sigaren eerst rookt keel
sigaret adamas egyptische mildste tegenwoordig stuks coupon coupons mavrides fijnste sigaretten cts geschenken gratis ste naam fijn slechts omar
9
Tool Criticism: NER Foreign Locations (top 8) Dutch Locations (top 8) American Locations (top 8)
United Kingdom / London (151 / 84) Rotterdam (496) American (70)
Germany / Berlin / Hamburg (146 / 81 / 22)
Amsterdam (177) New York (34)
France / Paris (139 / 154) Tilburg (107) Washington (11)
Russia (102) Groningen (94) United States (11)
The United States / America / New York (11 / 70 / 34)
Breda (64) Chicago (3)
Bruxelles / Antwerp ( 57 /46) Haarlem (48) Virginia (3)
Austria ( 40 / 21) Utrecht (43) North-America (3)
Turkey (39) Arnhem (35)
10
Conclusion
● iterative: not one-size fits all
● use of contrast between tools
● tools are instruments
● beware / be aware of their
limitations
11