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Teacher: Kátia Rosa Azevedo2ªsérie matutino
3ºbimestre
Slide 1VERBOS MODAIS (MODAL VERBS)
The modal verbs are
• Can = poder
• Could = poder (passado)
• May = poder
• Might = poder
• Must = dever
• Should = dever
• Ought to = dever
No (to ) in the infinitive form
to can (wrong) - can (correct)
• to must(wrong) – must (correct)
No (to) after the modal verbs
• I can (to) dance (NO)• I can dance
• exception : ought to
• You ought to do your lessons
• você deveria fazer sua lição
Negative form
• Can = can´t, cannot
• Could = could not – couldn´t
• May = may not
• Might = might not, mightn´t
• Must = mustn´t, must not
• Should = should not, shouldn´t
• Ought to = ought not to, oughtn´t
Interrogative form
• Inverte a posição do sujeito com verbo
• She can speak English
• Can she speak English?
No s in the third person
• I can
• You can
• He can
• She can
• It can
• We can
• They can
MODAL VERBS
verbos auxiliares modais são verbos que só
ocorrem na presença de outro verbo
• I can ride a bike
• You may be right
• She must stay her
• You should read
• Não têm passado nem futuro (com exceção do
can).
• Devido à alta freqüência com que ocorrem na
língua, os verbos modais tornam-se
imprescindíveis
Can - Could
• ability:• I can speak English -
Eu consigo falar inglês.
• We can see the lakefrom our bedroom.
• (Nós podemos ver o lago da janela do nosso quarto).
• permission: • Can I smoke here? -
Posso fumar aqui?
• Can I leave early?Deduction (can´t)
• Steve can´t havegone to church. He ´s an atheist
Can - Could
Pedidos e Solicitações
• Can you change thislight bulb for me?
Deduction
• Brad can´t be sick. I spoke to him tenminutes ago.
Could funciona como passado e como futuro do pretérito de can:
• passado: • I couldn't speak
English before goingto England.
• You couldn't smoke in the presence of yourparents at that time.
• Eu não sabia falar inglês antes de ir para a Inglaterra.
• Não se podia fumar na presença dos pais, naquela época.
Could- futuro do pretérito
• You could havecalled me.
• Could you do me a favor?
• Pedir e dar permissão
• - Você poderia ter me ligado.
• Você poderia me fazer um favor?
May
• Permission:
• May I smoke here? Posso fumar aqui?
• May I take some ofyour painkiller?
• Possibility:
• It may rain today. Pode ser que chova hoje
• I may be sufferingfrom an eatingdisorder.
Might
• remotepossibility:
• It might rain thisweekend.
• É capaz de chover no próximo fim de semana.
Should
Advice:
You should studymore.
• You shouldn´t overeat
• Você deveria estudar mais.
Must
Obligation/necessidade• You must stop smoking.
• Você tem que parar de fumar.
Prohibition:
• You mustn't getout of bed.
• Você não pode sair da cama.
MUST: é usado para dizermos que alguma coisa que temos certeza é verdadeira.
Inference, logical deduction.
• He must have the flu. He has all the typicalsymptoms.
You’ve been travelling allday. You must be tired.
• (Você viajou o dia todo. Você deve estar cansado).
• Linda must get verybored in her job. Shedoes the same thingevery day.
• (Linda deve ficar muito
chateada em seu emprego. Ela faz a mesma coisa o dia todo).
HAVE TO:é usado para dizermos que realmente é necessário
fazer alguma coisa. (ter que)
Exemplos:
You can’t turn righthere. You have toturn left.
(Você não pode virar a direita aqui. Você tem de virar a esquerda).
• My eyesight isn’t verygood. I have to wearglasses for reading.
• (Minha visão não está muito boa. Eu tenho de usar óculos para ler).
Must / have towe use must and have to to explain
that something is necessary
I must finish myhomeworkbefore 8:00
• I have to phoneJan at 9:00
SHOULD: é usado para dar conselhos ou opiniões.
• Exemplos:
• You look tired. Youshould go to bed.
• (Você parece cansado. Você deveria ir para a cama).
• You shouldn’t believeeverything you read in the newspapers.
• (Você não deveria acreditar em tudo que você lê nos jornais).
Mustn´t/ don´t have tohave different meanings
Mustn´t describes na action which is
prohibited
you mustn´t crossthe road whenthe red light is showing
• Don´t have to describesan action which is notnecessary –you have a choice
• you don´t have to do that
Fill in the blanks with MUST or MUSTN’T•
• 1. She is ill , so she____ see the doctor.
• 2. It is raining. You______ take your umbrella.
• 3. You _____ throw litter on the stairs.
•
• 4. This is a secret. You _______ tell anybody.
• 5. You ______ make noise in the library.
•
• 6. We hurry or we will miss the bus.
• 7. You _____eat fruit and vegetables.
•
• 8. The baby is sleeping. You _____ shout.
• 9. You ______ be friendly to everybody.
•
• 10. You______ walk on the grass.
CIRCLE THE CORRECT ONE must or mustn´t
•
• 7. You ----- be late for class.
• 8. You------- listen to your teacher.
•
• 9. You ------- give place to old people.
•
• 10. You -------be polite.•
• 11. You ------- fasten your seat belt.
• 13. You------ speak loudly in hospitals
1. You -- light fires in the forests.
2. You --- do your homework
3. You --- wash your face every morning.
4. You ------ drink cold water.
5. You-------- watch TV a lot.
6. You ------ eat in class.
Use should / shouldn't / mustn't
• 1. We______ invite the Nortons to our party. They are nice people.
• 2. Young children_______ stay at home on their own.
• 3. Before you go to the dentist's, you_______ brush your teeth.
• 4. You________ smoke in bed!
• 5. You ___________ shut the windows because it is raining.
• 6. You_______ forget her birthday again.
• 7. You_______ go to the theatre when you are in Vienna. It's great.
• 8. They______ tell her about John's accident. She could break down.
• 9. You________ cross the street when the traffic lights are red.
What are these sentences expressing?
A. Sally could pray when she was two years old
Request/ablility/suggestion/ obligation
B. Sue is so happy. She must have won a lotteryprize.
Deduction/request/ offer/ obligation
C. You may sit down, if you wish
Request/permission/obligation /Prohibition
D. You should listen to what he says
ability/suggestion/ permission/ obligation
E. Steve can´t have gone to church. He ´s anatheist
Deduction/ ability/ obligation/ prohibition