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lecjXkgä~j ùMr OqîMem£e MjCXheaÍõM bXMlfnkXakjaä akäf bfùiuXEqèùleChjX aobXMem£ejX ùhCcecõuX
hájÔeKõaclox aãevflõX Mgíû haæÿjûlmõ ùhmaÿe YibezMem£e bmlf cevam
YtlveL moevÌemqbª Ytloãehjejìjìcue yeaueMeam£ lgYõX vace vcû
ãmõ OvVéjfq celehfle jgaùoeYfó©cûlX Mem£ejX DuX baÌcuessboõX oãevfOfX
Dvõoe MjCX vem£flVacb MjCX cclmxceox kejgCõ Yeabvjì jì cueùhaYe!
anekbrjõX cuehtpõXmqbª jìekjX bfYgXheqbªlr uôoãevÌXMem£ejX ùhCcecõuX
bfùh htpõX bfMV bÌõXbfóÛg MXaYeû ùhfãX mglXìfùh ùhmeovfjlXMem£ejX ùhCcecõuX
cècelXi icvXkejgCõecôl htjflXmqbª bfIxv ujX aobXMem£ejX ùhCcecõuX
DmxclxkganMVjX aobXDmxclxßùlg bfveMvXDmxcofóØ ùhoelejXMem£ejX ùhCcecõuX
ùMr uaj vcûhelg htqCÛùlãrMû
becX heoX ùhmejõ ùMflogjfl ujXoìfCX kgÂxpãflVe
pevgvõeOeã beacljcfljYgpXaMóaYesi vfOeã
hËelx heCfoVaãv ùhlfYëMcavMXKòaùk oOevû
aoabe YtóeOfãg©û ùlfoMhlfvglûhelghtqCÛùlãrMû
- 4 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
“£b-Øn¬ \n∂pw {XmW\w sNøp-∂Xv” (\m-i-Øn¬
\n∂pw c£n-°p-∂-Xv) ‘t£{Xw’ F∂ A¿∞-amWv {io i¶-cm-
Nm-cy¿ `K-hXv KoXbv°v cNn® `mjy-Øn¬ \evIn-bn-´p-f-f-Xv.
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc {io[¿Ω-im-kvXm-t£{Xw Cu A¿∞sØ
]q¿Æ-am-°p-∂p. Cu t£{X-Ønse tZhs\ Adn™v Bcm-[n-
°p-∂-h¿°v k¿Δ- sF-iz-cy-ßfpw {Ia-Øn¬ h∂p tNcp-∂p.
Xma -cw -Ip -f -ßc t£{X-Ønse apJy - {] -XnjvT
{io [¿Ω-im -kvXm -hn -t‚-Xm -Wv. Chn -SpsØ tZhs\
N{a-h-´-Ø-∏-\mbpw `‡-P-\-߃ Bcm-[n-®p-h-cp-∂p. he-Xp-
I -c -Øn¬ Aar -X -I -e -i -hp -ambn IpSn -sIm -f -fp∂
{io[¿Ω-im-kvXmhv Xs‚ `‡-cpsS GX-`n-em-jhpw km[n-®p-
sIm-Sp-°p-hm≥ Xøm-dmbn Ccn-°p-I-bm-Wv. I∂n-aq-e-bn¬
KW-]Xn `K-hm\pw sXs° Xncp-ap-‰Øp≈ t£{X-Øn¬
`{Z -Imfn tZhnbpw `‡-P-\ -߃°v A\p- {K -l-߃
\¬Ip-hm -\mbn hmW-cp -fp -∂p. IqSmsX \mK-cm -Pm -hv ,
{_“-c-£kv F∂o D]-tZ-h-∑m-tcbpw ChnsS {]Xn-jvTn-°-s∏ n p≠v.
hnf-°p-h-bv]v, Nμ\w Nm¿Ø¬, \ocm-RvP\w, Ff-fvXn-cn,
A∏w \nth-Zyw , ]mbkw \nthZyw XpS -ßn -b -h -bmWv
{io[¿Ω-im-kvXm-hn-\p-ff apJy-h-gn-]m-Sp-Iƒ. hnti-j-Zn-h-k-ß-
fn¬ K-hm\v ]mev, s\øv F∂o {Zhy-ß-sf-s°m≠v {]tXyI A`n-
tj-I-ßfpw \S-Øn-h-cp-∂p. F√m-h¿jhpw aI-c-amkw 1˛mw
XobXn (a-I-c-hn-f°v Znh-kw) cmhnse `K-hm\v \S-Øn-h-cp∂
AjvSm-`n-tj-I-ß-fn¬ (F-Æ, s\øv, ]m¬, tX≥, ]©m-ar-Xw,
Icn-°v, kvaw, If`w F∂o -{I-a-Øn¬) \qdvI-W-°n\v ‡-P-\-
߃ ]s¶-SpØv Xß-fpsS A`n-tj-I-Øn-¬ `K-hXv _nw_w
Bdm-Sp-∂Xv I≠v -sXm-gpXv kmbq-Py-a-S-bp-∂p.
aI-c-amkw 1˛mw XobXn hen-b-hn-f°v hcpw-hn[w sImSn-
I-bdn c≠mw-Xo-bXn Bdm-t´m-´p-IqSn kam-]n-°p∂ 6 Znh-ksØ
aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLm-j-amWv Cu t£{X-Ønse {][m\ D’-hw.
CXp-Iq-SmsX Nnß-am-k-Øn¬ \nd, ]pØ-cn, hn\m-b-I-
N-Xp¿∞n, I∂n-am-k-Øn¬ ]qP-h-bv]v,hr›nIw, [\p amk-ß-
fn¬ aWvU-e-°m-ew, ao\-am-k-Øn¬ `K-hms‚ Xncp-\m-fmb
ss]¶p\n D{Xw, taS-am-k-Øn¬ hnjp-Zn-hkw hn-ti-jm¬ AjvS-
{Z-hy- K-W-]Xn tlmaw, I¿°n-S-I-Øn¬ cmam-b-W-am-km-N-cWw
F∂n-hbpw t£{X-Øn¬ hn]p-e-ambn BtLm-jn-®p-h-cp-∂p.
A©v ]Xn-‰m≠v apºv cq]o-Ir-X-amb t£{X-]-cn-k-c-hm-kn-
I-fpsS kwL-S-\-bmWv Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc Aø-∏-tk-hm-k-an-Xn. Cu
t£{X-Ønse ssZ\w-Zn-\-Im-cy-ß-fpw, D’-hm-tLm-j-ß-fpw,
\n¿Ωm-W-{]-h¿Ø-\-ßfpw \S-Øn-h-cp-∂-Xv Aø-∏- tkhm
k-an-Xn-bm-Wv. t£{X-Øns‚ D∂-a-\-Øn-\m-h-iy-amb ]e \n¿Ωm-W
-{]-h¿Ø-\-ßfpw CXn-\Iw sNbvXp-Xo¿°p-hm≥ kan-Xnbv°v
km[n-®n- p-≠v. t£{X ]p\-cp-≤m-cW b⁄-Ønse \memw-L- -
ambn Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc {io [¿ΩimkvXm-hns‚ Du´p-]p-c-bpsS
\n¿ΩmWw `K-hm≥ {io [¿Ω imkvXm-hns‚ A\p-{K-lm-»n pw
`‡-P-\-ß-fpsS k¿Δm-fl-\m-bp≈ klmb kl-I-c-W-߃
sIm≠pw aI-c-hn-f-°n\v ap≥]mbn ]q¿Øo-I-cn®v K-hm\v ka¿∏n-
°p-hm≥ km[n®p F∂-Xn¬ kan-Xn°v Nmcn-Xm¿∞y-ap-≠v.
- 5 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc {io[¿Ω-imkvXm t£{X-Ønse Cu
h¿jsØ aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLm-j-Øn-t\m-S-\p-_-‘n®v “kwKo-Xw”
F∂ hnj-b-Øn\v {]mapJyw sImSp-Øp-sIm≠v “a-Ic tPymXn”F∂ \ma-t[-b-Øn¬ kvac-WnI {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p∂p F∂v
Adn-™-Xn¬ hf-sc-b-[nIw kt¥m-jn-°p-∂p. “a-IctPymXn”
F√m hn`m -K -°m¿°pw hn⁄m\{]Z -am -Is´ F∂pw
{]m¿∞n-°p-∂p.
{io]q¿Æ-{X-bo-i-s‚-bpw, Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc {io[¿Ω-im-
kvXm-hn-s‚bpw A\p-{K-lm-in- p-Iƒ F√m-h¿°pw D≠m-Is´
F∂pw {]m¿∞n-°p-∂p.
F∂v
]pen-b-∂q¿ A\p-P≥ \mcm-b-W≥ \ºq-Xn-cn-∏mSv
Xr∏q-Wn-Øpd
21-12-2011
vejeãCz Dvgpz vêtlfjfh¥eëxhgnfãÿtq cvh f . Z . Sj t q , l ôh ¥ tC fègJSJCekgäX - 682 306
aHeQ: 0484 - 2775817
- 6 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
THAMARAMKULANGARA AYYAPPA SEVA SAMITHYTASS Mandir, Thamaramkulangara, Thripunithura - 682 301, Ernakulam Dt.
BapJw
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc {io[¿Ω-imkvXm t£{X-Ønse aI-c-hn-f°v D’-hm-tLmj kvac-WnI ""aI-c-tPymXn'' 10- masØ ]Xn-
∏n-tebv°v IS-°p-I-bm-Wv. t£{X-ß-tfm-S-\p-_-‘n-®p≈ Imcy-߃am{Xw Dƒs°m-≈n®v (B-Nm-cm-\p-jvTm-\-߃, t£{X-I-e-
Iƒ, KP-ho-c-∑m¿, tafw, D’-hm-tLm-j-߃ XpS-ßn) AXm-Xns‚ ]q¿Æ-Ku-c-h-tØm-sS-Xs∂ Ign™ HºXv ]Xn-∏p-I-fpw,
{io[¿Ω imkvXm-hns‚bpw {io]q¿Æ-{X-bo-i-s‚bpw A\p-{K-l-Øm-epw, ‡-P-\-ß-fpsS kl-I-c-W-߃sIm≠pw, kvXpXy¿l-
amb coXn-bn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-hm≥ kan-Xnbv°v km[n-®-Xn¬ XnI™ Nmcn-Xm¿∞y-ap-≠v.
10-˛masØ ]Xn∏v ""kwKoXw'' F∂ A]mc kmK-csØ ASp-Ø-dn-bp-hm-\p≈ Ffn-b-{i-a-am-Wv.
""kwKo-X-a]n kmlnXyw
kc-kzXym: kvX\-Zzbw
GIw B]m-Z-a-[pcw
A\yZv Btem-N-\m-arXw'' F∂ i¶-cm-Nmcy hmIy-Øn¬ \n∂pw kwKoXw F∂ alm-Xv`p-X-Øns‚ {]m[m\yw {Kln-°m-hp-∂-tX-bp-≈q. XymK-cm-
P-kzm-an-Iƒ, apØp-kzman Zo£n-X¿, iyma-im-kv{Xn-Iƒ, jSvIm-e-tKm-hn-μ-am-cm¿, sNssº sshZy-\mY mK-h-X¿ XpS-ßnb kwKoX km{am-´p-I-fpsS ]mZ-
kv]¿i-ta‰ ]pWy- q-an-bn¬ hkn-°m≥ km[n®p F∂Xv Hmtcm mc-Xo-b-s‚bpw ku`m-Ky-am-Wv. kwKoXwsIm≠v Ah¿ cNn® alm-Zv`p-X-ß-fpsS IY-Iƒ
tI´mWv \mtam-tcm-cp-Øcpw hf¿∂-Xv. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ aI-c-tPym-Xn-bn-eqsS km[m-c-W-°m-c\v kwKo-XsØ ASp-Ø-dn-bp-hm\p≈ Rß-fpsS {iaw
Xo¿Øpw DNnXw F∂p-Xs∂ R߃ hniz-kn-°p-∂p.
Iem-Im-c-\m-hpI F∂Xv F√m-h-cmepw km[n-°p∂ H∂√. Hcp XnI™ Iem-Im-c-\m-Im≥ P∑-kn-≤-amb hmk-\-Iƒ IqSntb Xocq. F∂m¬
Hcp \√ Bkzm-Z-I-\m-Ip-hm≥ km[n-°pI F∂Xpw Hcp Ie-bm-Wv. kwKo-X-sØ-°p-dn®v Adn-bp-hm≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂-sX√mw Adn-bp-hm-\pw, kwKoXw
Bkz-Zn-°p-hm-\p≈ Ignhp h¿≤n-∏n-°p-hm\pw CØ-h-WsØ ""aI-c-tPymXn''°v km[n°pw F∂v R߃ Dd®v hniz-kn-°p-∂p. Ign™ HºXv ]Xn-∏p-
Ifpw t]mse Xs∂, Cu kvac-Wn-Ibpw At\z-jW IpXp-In-Iƒ°v Hcp ""d^-d≥kv {KŸw'' BIpw F∂-Xn\v X¿°-an-√. ap≥h¿j-ß-fn-se- ]Xn-∏p-
Iƒ°v ‡¿ \¬Inb kzoI-cWw Cu h¿jhpw e`n°pw F∂v hniz-kn-°-s´.
F´p Znhkw \o≠p-\n∂ {io]q¿Æ-{X-boi t£{X-Ønse hr›n-tIm-’-h-Øn-\p-tijw, Xr∏q-Wn-Øp-d-bnse `‡-P-\-߃ BImw-£-tbmsS
ImØn-cn-°p∂ D’-h-amWv Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc {io[¿Ω-im-kvXm-hns‚ aI-c-hn-f°v BtLm-j-߃. 2012˛se aI-c-hn-f°v D’hw P\p-hcn 11- mw XobXn
sImSn-I-b-dn. 16-˛mw XobXn Bdm-t´m-Sp-IqSn kam-]n-°p-∂p. D’-h-°-º-°m¿°pw, taf-t{]-an-Iƒ°pw Cu h¿jsØ D’-hhpw Ahn-kva-c-Wo-b-amb
Zriy-˛-{imhy A\p-`-h-߃ krjvSn°pw F∂-Xn¬ X¿°-an-√.
Ign™ Ime-b-f-hp-I-fn¬ Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc Aø-∏-tkhm kan-Xn-bpsS F√m {]h¿-Ø-\-߃°pw `‡-cpsS k¿Δm-fl-\m-bp≈ kl-I-cWw
R߃°p e`n-®n-´p-≠v. {io[¿Ω-im-kvXm-hns‚ A\p-{K-lw-sIm≠v Gs‰-Sp-°p∂ Hmtcm {]h¿Ø-\hpw awK-f-I-c-ambn ]cy-h-km-\n-∏n-°p-hm≥ C∂p-
hsc kan-Xn°v km[n-®n- p-≠v. t£{X-]p-\-cp-≤m-c-W-hpw, {iotIm-hnepw, Np‰-º-ehpw sNtºme tabm≥ km[n-®Xpw t£{X-Øn\p ]Sn-™mdphi-Øp≈
ÿew kz¥-am-°p-hm≥ km[n-®Xpw DZm-l-c-W-ß-fm-Wv.
Aø-∏-tk-hm-k-anXn Gs‰-SpØ Hcp _rlXvkwcw-`-amWv Du´p-]pc \n¿Ωm-Ww. \n¿ΩmWw Bcw-`n-°p-hm-\p≈ {iaw XpS-ßp-tºmƒ {io[¿Ω
imkvXm-hn-s‚-bpw, {io]q¿Æ-{X-bo-i-s‚bpw A\p-{K-l-ß-fpw, ‡-cpsS {]m¿∞-\bpw am{X-am-bn-cp∂p kan-Xn-bpsS aqe-[-\w. \n¿Ωm-W-Øns‚ {]mcw-
-L´w apX¬ \n¿ΩmW ]ptcm-K-Xn-bpsS Cu Ah-km-\-L´w hsc kmº-Øn-I- -km-t¶-Xn-I-ß-fmb Hcp Imcy-Øn-\p-ap-∂nepw ]I®p \n¬t°≠ Hchÿ
kan-Xn°v D≠m-bn-√. {io[¿Ω imkvXm-hns‚ AZr-iy-I-c-߃ X°-k-a-b-ß-fn¬ ‡-cpsS klm-b-ß-fpsS cq]-Øn¬ R߃°v ]n¥p-W-bpw, ss[cyhpw
\¬In. 2011 Unkw-_¿ 31-˛mw Xo-b-Xn, ""Du´p]pc'' `K-hm\p ka¿∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv.
kan-Xn-bpsS {]h¿Ø-\-߃°v i‡n-]-I¿∂v, F√m kl-I-c-W-ßfpw \¬Inb ‡¿°pw IpSpw-_mw-K-߃°pw {io[¿ΩimkvXm-hns‚ A\p-{K-
l-߃ \n¿tem`w e`n-°s´ F∂v {]m¿∞n-°p-∂p. GsXmcp kvac-Wn-I-bp-sSbpw IcpØv AXns‚ D≈-S-°-amWv F∂v kan-Xn°v XnI™ t_m[y-ap-≠v. Cu
kvac-Wn-Ibv°v Bh-iy-amb teJ-\-ß-fpw, hnh-c-ßfpw \¬In A\p-{K-ln® Hmtcm alXvhy‡n-tbbpw Xpey-{]m-[m-\y-tØm-sS, \μn-tbmsS kvacn-°p-∂tXmsSm∏w.
Ah¿t°-h¿°pw {io[¿Ω-im-kvXm-hns‚ A\p-{K-l-Øm¬ Bbq-cm-tcm-Ky-߃ e`n-°p-am-dm-Is´ F∂v Bflm¿∞-ambn {]m¿∞n-°p-∂p.
""aI-c-tPymXn'' {io[¿Ω-im-kvXm-hns‚ ]mZm-c-hn-μ-ß-fn¬ ‡ym-Z-c-]q¿Δw ka¿∏n-°p-∂p......
Fkv. lcn
sk{I-´-dn, Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc Aø∏ tkhm kanXn
kzmantb icWaø∏...........
- 7 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
aI-c-tP ym-Xn-bn-eq-sS...
A©p-]-Xn-‰m-≠p-I-fmbn Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc {io[¿Ω-imkvXm t£{X-Ønse \nXy-\n-Zm-\-ßfpw B´-hn-ti-j-ßfpw Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc Aø-∏-tkhm kanXn F∂ `‡-P\kwL-S-\-bpsS Npa-X-e-bn-em-Wv \S-∂p-h-cp-∂-Xv. `K-hm≥ [¿Ω-im-kvXm-hns‚ A\p-{K-l-Ømepw ‡-P-\-ß-fpsS \n¿tem- -amb klmb kl-I-c-W-ß-fmepw Cu t£{Xw\nXy-]p-tcm-K-Xn-bn-em-sW∂v kk-t¥mjw Adn-bn-®p-sIm-≈-s´. F√m hnti-j-ßfpwAXn-t‚-Xmb {]m[m-\y-tØm-Sp-IqSnØs∂ \S-°p∂p F∂p≈ Imcyhpw F√m-h¿°pw
Adn-hp-≈-Xm-W-t√m.
{io[¿Ω-im-kvXm-hns‚ aI-c-hn-f°v atlm-’hw F√m h¿jhpw `wKn-bmbn \S∂phcp-∂p.Ign™ H≥]Xp h¿j-ß-fmbn "aI-c-tPymXn' F∂ \ma-t[-b-Øn¬ Hcp kvac-Wn-Ibpw {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂p. kmwkv°m-cn-Ihpw Iem-]-chpw t£{X-kw-_-‘n-bp-amb GsX-¶nepw Hcp hnj-b-Øn\p{]m[m\yw \¬In-s°m-≠mWv F√m h¿jhpw Cu kvac-WnI `‡-P\ ka£w ka¿∏n-°m-dp-≈-Xv.]Ømw hm¿jn-I-amb Cu thf-bn¬ kvac-Wn-I-bv°mbn kzoI-cn-®n-´p≈ hnjbw "kwKoXw' F∂-Xm-Wv. Ie-I-fpsS Cu‰n-√-amWv Xr∏q-Wn-Øp-d. tIc-f-Ønse G‰hpw henb Iem-t£-{X-ß-fn¬ H∂mbB¿.-F¬.-hn. tImtf-Pp-Xs∂ Xr∏q-Wn-Øp-d-bpsS A`n-am-\-am-Wv. kwKoX {]Xn- -I-fm¬ C{Xbpw A\p-{K-lo-X-amb as‰mcp ÿehpw tIc-f-Øn-se-∂√ `mc-X-Øn¬ Xs∂-bp-t≠m F∂p kwi-bn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ch-cpsS FÆw AwKp-eo-]-cn-an-X-a-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ t]sc-SpØp ]d-bm≥ km[y-hp-a-√. Cuiz-cm-cm-[-\bv°p apJy-amb LS-I-ß-fn¬ ap≥]-¥n-bn¬ \n¬°p-∂Xv kwKo-X-amWv. a{¥-߃, taf-߃, `P-\, Xp≈¬, IqØv, IY-I-fn, tkm]m\ kwKoXw apX-emb t£{X-kw-_-‘n-bmb Ie-I-fpsSsb√mw Poh≥ kwKo-X-am-Wv. \ΩpsS tZho-tZ-h-∑m-cp-tSbpw Ejn-I-fp-tSbpw Ic-ßsf Ae-¶-cn-®n-cn-°p∂XpXs∂ kwKo-tXm-]-I-c-W-ß-fm-Wv. Cu {]]©w Xs∂ kwKo-Xm-fl-I-am-Wv. {]`mX ]£n-I-fpsS If-Iq-P-\-߃, \Zn-I-fpsS Hgp°v Ch-sb√mw kwKo-X-a-b-am-Wv. kwKo-X-Øns‚ A\p-c-W-\-ß-fn-s√-¶n¬ Cu {]]-©-Øn-\p-t]mepw AÿnXz-an-√. inip-°ƒt]mepw Dd-ßp-∂Xv Xmcm-´ns‚ eb-am-[p-cy-Øn-emWv.
kwKoX {]Xn-`-I-fp-sS, Bkzm-Z-I-cp-sS, hna¿i-I-cpsS {]uV-Kw-`o-c-amb teJ-\-߃ ]T-\-߃,hna¿i-\-߃ F∂n-h-bm¬ kº-∂-amb Cu kvac-WnI s]mXp-P-\-k-a£w `‡ym-Z-c-]q¿Δw ka¿∏n-°p-∂p. CXn-\p-th≠n Atlm-cm{Xw {]b-Xv\n® kanXn {]h¿Ø-I¿, t{]m’m-l\w \¬Inb Kpcp-P-\-߃, CXn-te-bv°mbn hne-s∏´ teJ-\-߃ \¬Inb teJ-I¿, ]c-ky-ßfpw a‰pw-X∂v klm-bn® hym]mc, hyh-kmb, ÿm]-\-߃, hy‡n-Iƒ, Ia-\o-b-ambn A®-Sn®v IrXy-k-a-b-Øp-Xs∂R߃°p \¬Inb "amXm {]nt‚gvkv', AXp-t]m-se-Xs∂ CXns‚ hnP-b-Øn-\mbn {]h¿Øn-®n-´p≈ F√m k÷-\-ß-tfmSpw kan-Xn-bpsS \μnbpw IS-∏mSpw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≈p-∂p. Cu kwcw-`-Øn-\p-th≠n klm-bn-®n-´p-≈ F√m-h¿°pw tZi-\m-Y-\mb {io]q¿Æ-{X-bo-i-t‚-bpw, Xma-c-Ip-f-ßc{io[¿Ω imkvXm-hn-s‚bpw A\p-{K-lm-in- p-Iƒ D≠m-Is´ F∂p {]m¿∞n-®p-sIm-≈p-∂p.
{ioltc \axXma-cw-Ip-f-ßc {io[¿Ω-im-kvXmth icWw
k¿thiv i¶¿ Fkv.
I¨ho-\¿, aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmjIΩn-‰n.
THAMARAMKULANGARA AYYAPPA SEVA SAMITHYTASS Mandir, Thamaramkulangara, Thripunithura - 682 301, Ernakulam Dt.
- 8 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
kma-th-Zhpw kwKo-Xhpw ˛ tUm. tXm´w inh-I-c≥ \ºq-Xncn 9
`mcX kwKoXw Ncn-{X-Øn-eqsS -˛ tUm. F. PeP h¿Ω 15
kwKoX {Xnaq¿Øn-I-fpsS ap≥Km-an-Iƒ ˛ tUm. `ph-t\-izcn Pn. 20
kwKo-X-˛-km-ln-Xy-`mhw Xpfpºn \n¬°p∂ t£{X ]©-c-Xv\-Ir-Xn-Iƒ˛ 25
tUm. Fkv. `mKy-e£van Fw.-F. ]n.-F-®v.-Un.
{io apØp-kzman Zo£n-X¿ IrXn-I-fnse A\p-]a kwKo-X-˛-km-lnXy ka-\zb kuμcyw ˛ 29
tUm. {]oXn sI.
\mZ-cq-]n-Wnsb {]Xy-£-am-°nb iymam-im-kv{Xn-Iƒ ˛ tUm. aRvPp tKm]m¬ 33
kzmXn kvarXn-I-fn-eq-sS ... ˛ AizXn Xncp-\mƒ cma-h¿Ω 36
It®cn [¿Ωw ˛ tUm. {ioh’≥ sP. tat\m≥ 42
\h-hn[ `‡n-bpw, kwKo-Xhpw ˛ -tUm. B¿. {ioteJ 45
t£{X-kw-KoXw ˛ HcmapJw ˛ APnXv \ºq-Xncn 48
kwKoXhpw kmlnXyhpw ˛ tUm hn B¿ {]t_m[N{μ≥ \mb¿ 51
tIc-f-Ønse t£{X-߃ ˛ I¿Æm-SI kwKoX Io¿Ø-\-ßfn¬ ˛ 56
tUm. ANyp-Xvi-¶¿ Fkv. \mb¿
kwKoXw Cuiz-c≥ ˛ Sn.-F-kv. cm[m-Ir-jvWPn 60
kwKo-X- kw-kvIm-c-ß-fpsS ka-\z-b-ambn lnμp-ÿm\n kwKoXw ˛ tUm. A{`m-ZnX _m\¿Pn 63
tkm]m\ kwKoXw ˛ Hcp kmam-\ym-h-tem-I\w ˛ tUm. eoem HmwtNcn 67
IY-Ifn kwKo-X-Øns‚ hnImk ]cn-Wm-a-߃ ˛ cta-i≥ Xºp-cm≥ 76
a-e-bm¨a-bpsS `mh-cm-K-߃ ˛ inh-Zmkv h¿Ω 80
A`n-apJw :˛ ]{Xm-[n-]-k-anXn ˛
""Ka-I-h-iyX''bm¿∂ IrjvW kwKo-X-Øns‚ Fgp-]-Ø©v h¿j-߃ ˛ 83
]fl-`q-j¨ Sn.-F≥. IrjvW≥
kwKoXhpw BtcmKyhpw - tUm. _n. ]pjv] IrjvW≥ 86
kwKo-X-]-cn-]m-Sn-bn¬ i_vZ-kw-hn-[m-\-Øn-\p≈ {]m[m\yw ˛ {io. A\n¬ 88
kwKo-Xm-`ym-k\w˛ C∂-se, C∂v ˛ tUm. ]fl Fkv. Xºp-cm≥ 90
P¬km L¿ - ˛ IrjvW-aq¿Øn 94
efnX kwKo-X-Øn¬ \n∂pw imkv{Xob kwKo-X-Øn-tebv°v ˛ Fw.-F-kv. e£van ip` 97
D≈-S°w
- 9 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
tUm. tXm´w inh-I-c≥ \ºq-Xncn
kma-th-Zhpw kwKo-Xhpw
{_“-ap-tJm-¤p-X-amb NXp¿tΔ-Z-߃ EIv,
bPp v, kmam, Y¿Δ-W-ß-fm-W-t√m. ""{_“-\n-
iz-knXw thZw:'' F∂m-Wv {]am-Ww. ⁄m\-`-
WvUm-Km-c-ß-fmb thZ-߃ A\m-Znbpw A\-¥-
hp-am-sW∂v \n¿Æ-bn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. AXn-\m¬-
Øs∂ A]u-cp-tj-b-amWv thZ-߃. ⁄m\w
Hcp hy‡n-bm¬ cNn-bv°-s∏-Sp-hm≥ km≤y-a√
F∂-Xn-\m¬ a\p-jy-kr-jvS-a√ thZw F∂p ]d-
bp -∂-Xn¬ Akmw -KXyw H´pwX-s∂-bn -√.
⁄m\sØ a\p-jy≥ Is≠-Øp-I-bmWv AYhm
Z¿in-°p-I-bm-Wv sNøp-∂-Xv. AXn-\m-emWv Ejn-
amsc a{¥-{Z-jvSm-°ƒ F∂v hnh-£n-°p-∂-Xv. Ejn
F∂ hm°ns‚ A¿∞w Xs∂ {Im¥-Z¿in
F∂m-Wv.
F√m a{¥-߃°pw Ejn-—-tμm- -tZ-h-X-Iƒ
D≠v. Ejn-am¿ Z¿in-®, km£m¬°-cn® a{¥-ß-
sf-bmWv E°p-Iƒ F∂p-]-d-bp-∂-Xv. a{¥-{Z-jvSmhv
Ejn-bpw, hrØw Oμ p-am-Ip-∂p. GsXmcp tZh-
Xsb Dt±-in-®mtWm a{¥w {]tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv,
AXmWv tZh-X. hnizm-an-{X≥, IWz≥, hkn-jvT≥,
A{Xn, hma-tZ-h≥, Bt{Xbn, Aw-`r-W]p-{Xn-bmb
hm°v F∂n-h¿ {]kn-≤-cmb Ejn-am-cm-Wv. Kmb-
{Xn, XpjvWn-Iv, A\pjvSp-∏v, _rl-Xn, {XjvSp-∏v,
PKXn F∂nh Oμ p-I-fm-Ip-∂p. C{μ≥, A·n,
hcp-W≥, cp{Z≥, hmbp, khn-Xmhv XpS-ßn-bh tZh-
X-I-fpsS DZm-l-c-Ww.
thZ-߃ {]Ir-Xn-tbbpw {]]-©-tØbpw
\ntj-[n-°p-∂n-s√∂p am{X-a-√, AwKo-I-cn-°p-
Ibpw {]iw-kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p-ap-≠v. Pohn-
XsØ bYm¿∞-ambn hnh-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬, thZw
GXp Ime-Øpw, Gh¿°pw hgn-Im- n-bmbn h¿Øn-
°p-∂p. BZn-`u-Xn-I-am-bpw, BZn-ssZ-hn-I-am-bpw,
B≤ym-fln-I-ambpw a‰pw hnhn[ Xe-ß-fn¬
thZsØ hymJym-\n-®-h-cm-Wv \ΩpsS ]q¿Δ-kq-
cn-Iƒ. i_vZ-hyp¬∏-Ønsb ASn-ÿm-\-am°n
ss\cp -‡w, b⁄sØ ASn -ÿm-\ -am°n
bm⁄n-Iw, Bfl-X-ØzsØ ASn-ÿm-\-am°n
B≤ym-fln-Iw, CXn-lmk kw_-‘-ambn sFXn-
]m™m¬ {Kma-Ønse kma-th-Zn-Iƒ HØpIq-Sp∂ e£van \mcm-bW t£{Xw
- 10 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
lm-knIw F∂v \mep hn[-Øn¬ A¿∞-a-dn-tb-
≠-Xm-sW-∂m-Wv bmkv°-a-Xw.
\ΩpsS hnPvRm\ kmK-c-Øn¬, thZ-Øn¬
\n∂v DXv`qX-amb AkwJyw hn`m-K-ß-fpw, Ah
hnh-cn-°p∂ Bbn-c-am-bncw {KŸ-X-√-P-ßfpw
\ΩpsS kwkv°m-csØ kº-∂-am-°p∂p. {_m“-
W-߃, Bc-Wy-I-߃, D]-\n-j-Øp-°ƒ, D]-
th-Z-߃, thZm-MvK-߃, Z¿i-\-߃, {iuX-kq-
{X-߃, Krly-kq-{X-߃, kvarXn-Iƒ, CXn-lmk
]pcm-Wm-Zn-Iƒ, Imhy-\m-S-Im-Zn-Iƒ XpS-ßn-b-h-bn-
ep≈ CuSp-shbv∏v as‰mcp cmjv{S-Øn\pw Ah-
Im-i-s∏-Sp-hm-\n-√-X-s∂.
kwln-X, {_m“-Ww, Bc-Wy-Iw, D]-\n-
jØv F∂n-ßs\ Hmtcm thZhpw \membn hn`-
Pn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. Hcp a\p-jys‚ {_“-N-cym-
{i-a-Øn¬ kwln-X-bv°pw, Km¿l-ÿy-Øn¬
{_m“-W-Øn-\pw, hm\-{]-ÿØn¬ Bc-Wy-I-
Øn-\pw, k\ym-km-{i-a-th-f-bn¬ D]-\n-j-Øn\pw
{]m[m\yw KWn-bv°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p.
D]m-k\m {][m-\-amb kma-th-Z-Øn\v
Fs¥-∂n-√mØ {]m[m-\yw, tkma-bm-Km-Zn-{iuX
I¿Ω-ß-fn¬ \¬In hcp-∂p-≠v. ""kma-bXn tZhm≥
At\\ CXn-kma'' F∂mWv kmb-W-a-Xw.
tZh≥amsc can-∏n-°p-∂-XmWv kmaw F∂¿∞w.
hm°n-t\mSpw {]mW-t\mSpw IqSn -tN¿∂Xv
GXmtWm AXmWv kmaw F∂v _rl-Zm-cWy
tIm]-\n-j-Ønepw ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. kam-iz-kn-∏n-°p-
∂Xv (Soothing), XpjvSn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv kma-am-Ip-
∂p. kmaw kmXzn-I-am-Wv. (km-a-th-Z-Øns‚ Bizm-
k-Zm-bI kz`m-hsØ°pdn®v ]n∂o-Sv {]kvXm-hn-
°p-∂p≠v.)
kma-th-Z-Øn\v IuYp-aw, cmWm-b-\o-bw,
ssPao-\obw F∂o aq∂p kwln-X-Ifpw (im-J),
XmWvUyw, Omtμm-Kyw, ssPan-\obw AYhm Xe-
h-Imcw F∂v aq∂v {_m“-W-ß-fp-am-Wp-≈-Xv.
""kl-{k-h¿flm kma-thZ:'' F∂mWv ]X--RvPen
alm- m-jy-Øn¬ ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Bbncw imJ-
I-fp-≈-XmWv kma-th-Zw F∂m-Wn-Xns‚ Xmev]-
cyw. AkwJyw imJ-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cp∂p F∂p
Icp-Xn-bmepw sX‰n-√. Hmtcmtcm Ejn-am-cpsS t]cp-
I-fn¬ AXmXv imJ-Iƒ Adn-b-s∏-´p-h-cp-∂p.
thZsØ \mem°n hn`-Pn® IrjvW-ssZz-]m-b\
al¿ln Hmtcm∂pw Hmtcm injy≥am¿°p-]-tZ-
in-®p. kma-thZw ssPan-\n-°m-Wp-]-tZ-in-®-Xv. AXv
injy-{]-injy ]c-º-c-bm¬ \nc-h[n imJ-I-fmbn
{]N-cn-°-s∏-´p.
{]kn-≤-amb Ztim-]-\n-j-Øp-I-fn¬ Omtμm-
Kyw, tI\w F∂nh kma-th-Zm-¥¿K-X-am-Ip-∂p.
Omtμm-tKym-]-\n-j-Ønse ""XXz-akn'' BWv kma-
th-Zo-b-amb alm-Im-hyw. (O-μ- ns\ Km\w sNøp-
∂-h¿ Otμm-K≥am¿. kma-th-Zn-Isf Otμm-
K≥am¿ F∂v hyh-l-cn-°m-dp-≠v.)
ta¬∏-d™ aq∂v imJ-I-fn¬ ssPan-\ob
imJ-bm-Wv tIc-fØn¬ \S-∏n-ep≈Xv. I¿Æm-S-
Iw, Xan-gv\m-Sv, B{‘m-{]-tZiv F∂n-hn-S-ß-fnepw
ssPan-\ob kma-thZw {]Nm-c-Øneps≠¶nepw,
tIc-fob {_m“-W-cmb \ºq-Xn-cn-am-cpsS thtZm-
®m-cW coXn AXy¥w hyXy-kvX-am-Wv. IuYp-a-
imJ Hdo , DØ¿{]-tZ-iv, _wKmƒ, I¿Æm-S-I,
Xan-gv\mSv F∂o mK-ß-fn-epw, cmWm-b-\o-b-imJ
I¿Æm-S-Iw, cmP-ÿm≥, alm-cm-jv{S, KpP-dmØv,
B{‘m-{]-tZ-iv, DØ¿{]-tZiv F∂o kwÿm-\-
ß-fn-epw, Nne-bn-S-sØ√mw ipjv°-am-sW-¶n-epw,
{]Nm-c-Øn-ep-≠v.
kma-th-Z-kw-ln-X-bnse a{¥-ß-fn¬, \qdn¬
Xmsg-bp-≈h HgnsI F√mw Xs∂, EtKz-Z-Øn-ep-
≈h Xs∂-bm-Wv. F∂m¬, sNm√p∂ coXn ˛
kzc-hn-[m\w ˛ Gsd hyXy-kvX-am-Wv. kmam-\y-
kz-c-Øn-ep-≈, AXm-bXv DZm-Øm-\p-ZmØ kzcnX
]q¿Δ-I-amb EIv kwln-X-bpw, AtX a{¥-߃
Xs∂ kzcn®v Km\m-fl-I-ambn sNm√p∂ Km\-kw-
ln-Xbpw tN¿∂-XmWv kma-thZ kwln-X. C-cp-
]-Øn-b©v A[ym-b-ß-fp≈ Bc-Wy-I-Km\w
AYhm N{μm-kmaw IqSn Dƒs∏-Sp -∂-XmWv
- 11 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
kwln-X; a‰v mK-߃ ]Xn-hn-s√-¶nepw N{μm-kmaw
k\ym-km-{i-an-I-fmb kzman-bm¿amcpw sNm√m-dp-≠v.
F√m thZ-߃°pw Hmtcm D]-th-Z-ap-s≠∂v
kqNn-∏n-®p-h-t√m. Km‘¿ΔthZ-amWv km-a-th-Z-
Øns‚ D]-th-Zw. AXm-bXv kwKoXw kay-°mb
KoXw AYhm Km\w BWv kwKoXw. {]]-©-
kw-KoXw Xs∂ Nn´-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-XmWv kma-th-Zw.
aq∂p kma-thZ imJ-I-fnepw h®v ssPan-\ob
kma-th-Z-amWv IqSp-X¬ kwKo-Xm-fl-I-sa∂v
kmμ¿`n-I-ambn {]kvXm-hn-®p-sIm-≈-s´. kma-
Øn¬ \n∂v P\n-®-XmWv kwKoXw F∂-Xn-\m¬
kmaPw F∂ ]Zw kwKo-X-Øns‚ ]cym-b-ambn
D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p.
kma-th-Z-Øn¬ \n∂mWv kwKoXw D¤-hn-
®-sX-∂-Xn\v ]ucm-WnI {KŸ-ß-fn¬ \nc-h[n
{]am-W-߃ ImWp-h≥ Ign-bpw. NneXp am{Xw
Xmsg tN¿°p-∂p.
""kma-th-Zm-ZnZw KoXw
kwP-{Kml ]nXmalx'' F∂v im¿MvK-tZ-h≥
kwKoX cXv\m-I-c-Ønepw
""P{Kml ]mTy-arKvthZm¬
kma-t`ym-Ko-X-tah N'' F∂v `c-X-ap-\n-bpsS
\mSy-im-kv{X-Ønepw
""EIv`n: ]mTy a`qXv KoXw
kma`y: ka-]-ZyX
bPq¿t`ym-`n-\Ow PmXm˛
ckm-›m-Y¿ΔW: karXm:'' F∂v kwKoX Z¿∏-
W-sa∂ {KŸ-Ønepw,
""kma-th-ZmZv kztcm PmX:
kztct`ym {Kma-kw-`hm:'' F∂v amXw-K≥ _rl-
t±in-I-bnepw
""k]vX-kz-cmkvXp Kobt¥
kma-`n- m-a-ssK¿∫pss[:'' F∂v amWvUpIy-
inIvjbnepw ]d-b-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p.
CXn¬\n∂v, kwKo-X-Ønse {]amW {KŸ-
ß-sf-√mw, kwKo-X-Øns‚ D¤hw kma-th-Z-Øn¬
\n∂m-sW∂pw kma-th-Z-Øn¬ k]vX-kz-c-{]-
tbmKw Ds≠∂pw AwKo-I-cn-®n-´p-s≠∂v hy‡-
am-W-t√m.
thtZm-®m-cWw {][m-\-ambn aq∂p hn[-Øn-
em-Wp-≈-Xv. B¿®n-Iw, KmYn-Iw, kman-Iw. EIv,
KmY, kmaw F∂n hm°p-I-fp-ambn _‘-s∏- mWn
]Z-߃ D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. B¿®nIw GI kzc-
am-Wv. \ΩpsS \m´nse ]e BNm-cm-\p-jvTm-\-ß-
fnepw (A-ssh-Zn-I-hpw) B¿®nI coXn-bm-W-h-ew-
_n-°p-∂-Xv. KmYn-Iw, DZm-Øm-\p-Zm-Ø-߃
tN¿∂-Xm-Wv. bPq¿tΔZ {_m“-W-߃ (Nne D]-
\n-j-Øp-I-fpw) Cu k{º-Zm-b-Øn¬ sNm√n hcp-
∂p. kman-I-am-I-s´, DZm-Øw, A\p-Zm-Øw, kzcnXw
F∂nh tN¿∂-Xm-Wv. EtKz-Zhpw bPq¿tΔ-Zhpw
DZm-Øm-Zn-kz-c-{X-b-k-ta-X-amWv sNm√p-∂-Xv.
""Dss®-cp-ZmØ:, \ossN-c-\p-ZmØ:......'' F∂o hn[-
Øn¬ kzc-{]-b-Xv\sØ sshøm-I-c-W-∑m-¿ hnh-
cn-®n-´p-≠v. hmt§-b-Im-c-∑m-cpsS coXn-bn¬, "\n'
kzcw A\p-Zm-Ø-Øn-\pw, "k' kzcw DZm-Ø-Øn\pw
"cn' kzcw kzcn-XØn\pw kam-\-am-Wv. ({]-N-bw,
Iºw F∂o kzc-t`-Z-ßfpw hnc-f-ambn {]tbm-Kn-
°-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v.)
kzc-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-am\w am{X-bm-Wv.Xma-c-Ip-fßcbn¬ 2010- ¬ \S∂ kma-th-Zm¿®\
- 12 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
am{X-bn¬ hyXymkw h∂m¬ thZw sNm√p-∂Xv
]ng-®-Xmbn IW-°m-°pw. icn-bmb am{X-bn¬,
kzc-Øn¬, ho≠pw Bh¿Øn-°-Ww. sX‰n
sNm√p-∂Xv ]m]-am-sW-∂m-Wv hnizm-kw. \n›nX
coXn-bn¬ sNm√-W-sa∂v hn[n-bp-≠v. kzc-Øn¬
ISp-InS am‰w hcp-Øp-hm≥ sNm√p-∂-h\v Ah-Im-
i-an-√. AXm-b-Xv, at\m-[¿Ω-Øn\v {]k-‡n-bn-
s√∂v Npcp-°w.
tkma-bm-Kw, AXn-cm{Xw F∂n-h-bn¬ kma-
th-Zn-I-fmb DZvKm-Xm-°ƒ kma-Km\w \S-Øp-
tºmƒ, CXc thZn-I-fmb a‰v EXzn-°p-Iƒ (D-]-
Km-Xm-°-sf-∂mWv Chsc hn-ti-jn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv)
]Xn-\mep am{X-bn¬ AI-ºSn ]mS-W-sa∂v
{iuX-{K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬ hn[n-bp-≠v. bmK-Øn\v imem-
am-{X-bn¬ sNm√pI F∂ Hcp coXn Xs∂ hnti-
j-am-bp-≠v. EtKz-Z-Ønse PS, cY XpS-ßnb hnIr-
Xn-I-fn-epw, bPq¿tΔ-Z-Ønse sIm v, tLmjw XpS-
ßnb {]tbm-K-ß-fnepw, kwlnXm kzc-k-{º-Zm-
b-Øn¬ \n∂v hn`n-∂-am-bn-´m-Wv thZm-em-]-\w.
{ihW kpμ-c-amb Cu {]tbm-K-߃ tIc-f-
Øns‚ am{Xw {]tXy-I-X-bm-Wv.
DZm-Øm-Zn-kz-c-߃ tem-I-Øn¬ a‰n-S-ß-
fnepw aX-]-c-amb NS-ßp-I-fn¬ D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øn-
h-cp -∂p-≠v. ASp-Øn-sS, kpdn-bm\n hn`m-K-
Øn¬s∏-´, kwKo-X-⁄-cmb Nne {InkvXob
]ptcm-ln-X-∑m-cpsS D’m-l-Øn¬, ""kocn'' F∂
kwL-S\-bpsS Iogn¬, tIm´-bØp h®v kwKo-X-
hn-j-b-I-ambn Hcp skan-\m¿ \S-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.
kma-th-ZsØ {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn®v Cu teJ-I\pw
]s¶-Sp-°p-I-bp-≠mbn. \ΩpsS thtZm-®m-c-W-
Øns‚ coXnbpambn hfsc kmay-ap≈ coXn-bn-
emWv Ah-cpsS Nne {]m¿∞-\-Iƒ. lo{_p,
em‰n≥ `mj-I-fn-ep≈ Bem-]-\-ß-fp-am-bp≈
kmZr-iy-ßfpw N¿®m-hn-j-b-am-bn. lo{_p kwKo-
Xhpw kma-kw-Ko-Xhpw XΩn-ep≈ KmV-amb
kmZr-iy-sØ-°p-dn®v Bdv Zim-_vZ-߃°p ap≥]p-
X-s∂, aZn-cm-in-bnse tUm. hn. cmL-h≥ ]T\w
\S-Øp-Ibpw {]_‘w {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXn- p-≠v. (The Music of Hebrews - Resemblanceto Samaveda Chart)
\mev, A©v, Bdv, Ggv kzc-ßsf D]-tbm-K-
s∏-Sp-Øn-bp≈ kwKo-X-sØ-°p-dn®v hni-Z-amb hnh-
c-W-߃ imkv{X-{K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬ ImWmw. kzcm-¥-
cw, HuU-hw, jmU-hw, kºq¿Æw F∂n-ß-s\-
bm-Wn-h-bpsS kmt¶-XnI \ma-߃.
""B¿®n-tIm-Km-Yn-I-ss›h
kman-I› kzcm-¥c:
HuU-hw, jmUhw ssNh
kºq¿Æ-tizXn k]vXa:
GI-kz-c-{]-tbm-tKmln
B¿®nI: tkm`n-[o-btX
KmYn-tIm-Zzn-kz-tcm-t⁄b:
{Xnkz-c-ss›h kmanI:
NXp-kz-c-{]-tbm-tKmln
IYn-XkvXp kzcm-¥c:''
F∂p XpS-ßnb t«mI-߃ aXw-Ks‚
_rl-tZ-in-I-bn¬ D≈-Xm-Wv.
kcn-Ka XpS-ßnb k]vX-kz-c-߃°v aqem-
[m-c-amb kma-th-Z-Ønse kzc-߃°v, {IpjvSw,
{]Y-aw, ZznXo-bw, a[y-aw, NXp¿∞w, a{μw, AXn-
kzmcyw F∂n-hbmWv \ma-ß-sf∂v ssXØn-cob
{]mXn-im-Jy-Ønepw hnh-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. (Xm-c-Xayw
hyp¬{I-a-am-bn-´m-Wv thWp-\m-Z-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-
SpØn \mc-Zob in£-bn¬ Cßns\ ]d-™n-cn-
°p-∂p˛
""b: kma-Km\mw {]Ya:
kth-tWm¿a-[ya: kzc:
tbmZzn-Xob: k Km-‘mc:
XrXo-bkvXzr j`: kvarX:
NXp¿∞w jUvP CXymlp:
]©tam ss[htXm `th¬
jjvtTm \njmtZm hnt⁄b:
k]vXaw ]©a: kvarX:''
- 13 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
(a-K-cn-k-[-\n] F∂v {Iaw)
GXm\pw h¿j-߃°p ap≥]v I¿Æm-S-I-
Ønse {io cma-N-{μm-]pcw aTØn¬ h®v \S∂
A¥m-cmjv{S kma-thZ ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ ]s¶-S-
°p-∂-Xn\pw Hcp {]_‘w Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-
Xn\pw Ah-kcw e`n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. XZ-h-k-c-
Øn¬ km£m¬ tbip-Zmkpw a‰v {]K-¤cpw k`m-
] -Xn -I -fmbn D≠m-bn -cp -∂p. {]_-‘m-h -X -
cWØn\n-S-bn¬Øs∂ kPo-h-am-bpw, hfsc
A\p-Iq-e-ambpw k¿Δ{io tbip-Zmkv CS-s]-Sp-
Ibpw ssPan-\ob kma-Km-\-Øns‚ hnti-j-X-Iƒ
FSp-Øp-]-d-bp-I-bp-ap-≠m-bn. Jc-l-c-{]nb cmK-
tØmSv tN¿Øphbv°m-hp-∂-tXm, kmZr-iy-ap-≈-
tXm, Bbn-´mWv kma-Km-\sØ At±lw \ncq-]n-
®-Xv. CXn-\-Sn-ÿm\w ta¬∏-d™ \mc-Zob in£-
bnse {]kvXm-h-am-sW∂pw Icp-Xmw. At±lw
FSp-Øp-]-d™ as‰mcp Imcyw a‰v tZiob k{º-
Zm-b-ß-fn¬ \n∂v hyXy-kvX-am-bn, \ºq-Xn-cn-am-
cpsS HmØp-sNm-√-en¬ {ipXn-bpsS A`m-h-hpw,
X¬^-e-am-bp≈ A`w-Knbpw apg®p \n¬°p-∂-
Xmbn A\p- -h-s∏-Sp∂p F∂-Xm-Wv. Xan-gv\m- nse
IuYp-a-imJm k{º-Zm-b-amWv Jc-l-c-{]n-b-tbmSv
A\p-Kp-W-am-bn-cn-°p-∂-sX∂pw {i≤m¿l-am-Wv.
bmKmZn I¿Ω-ß-fn-epw, t£{X-ß-fnse
{]Xn-jvTm-Zn-ip` I¿Ω-ß-fnepw a‰pw kma-Km\w
\n¿∫-‘-am-W-t√m. It®cnIfnepw a‰pw D≈-Xp-
t]me ]°-tafw thZm-em-]\ ka-bØv C∂v \S-
∏n-en√. F∂m¬, tkma-bm-K-Ønse AXn-hn-in-
jvS-amb cY-¥-c-kmaw (`-Imc cY-¥cw ˛ aqe-a-
{¥-Ønse A£-c-߃°p ]Icw ` Im-c-amWv
sNm√p-∂-Xv. kzc-Øn\pw A®n\pw hyXym-k-an-√.
DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v ""AZvKv[m-Ch'' F∂-Xn\v "" ``q-
`m-`n-t`....'' F∂v kzcn®v sNm√p-∂p.) sNm√p∂
ka-bØv GsX-¶nepw hn[-Øn¬ D®-Øn-ep≈
sIm´¬ C∂pw A\p-jvTn®p hcp-∂p-≠v. sNºntem
IpS-Øntem ]m´bntem BWv I≠p-h-cp-∂-Xv.
CXn\v Dt]m-Zv_-e-I-ambn {iuX-{K-Ÿ-ß-fnepw
{_m“W {KŸ-ß-fnepw hmZy-߃ hmbn-°p-hm≥
hn[n-bp-≠v. a‰n-S-ß-fn¬ Ct∏mgpw AXmXv ka-b-
ß-fn¬ hmZyw apg-°m-dp-≠v.
1980 Ifn-em-sW∂p tXm∂p-∂p, _\m-dkv
lμp-bq-Wn-th-gvkn-‰n -bnse kwKo-X-imkv{X
hn`mKw tae-[n-Im-cn-bm-bn-cp∂ {ioaXn cMvK-\m-
bIn Aø-¶m-cpsS D’m-l-Øn¬ kma-th-Z-˛-kw-
KoX kw_-‘n-bmbn Hcp skan-\m¿ \S-°p-I-bp-
≠m-bn. kma-th-Zm-em-]\Øn\v AI-º-Sn-bmbn
GXv ]°-hm-Zy-amWv IqSpX¬ A\p-tbmPyw
F∂pw a‰pw {]mtbm-Kn-I-am-bn-Øs∂ hne-bn-cp-
Ø-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn. X’-a-bØv kma-th-Zhpw
kwKo-Xhpw XΩnep≈ _‘hpw Gsd N¿® sNø-
s∏- p.
tZi-Ime h¿§-h¿Æ hyXym-k-߃°v D]-
cn-bmWv ip≤ kwKo-X-sa∂v ÿnc-s∏-Sp-Øp∂
Hcp A\p- hw IqSn ChnsS ]¶p-h-bv°-s´. DtZymK
kw_-‘-ambn Ad_n cmPy hmk-Øn-\n-S-bn¬,
jnb, kp∂n hn`m-K-ß-fn¬s∏´ ap…nw ]ptcm-ln-
X-cpsS {]m¿∞\ (hm-¶p-hn-fn) ÿnc-ambn {i≤n-
°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. A¤p-X-I-c-sa∂p ]d-b-s´,
thZm-em-]-\-hp-ambn AXy¥w kmZriyw D≈-Xm-
bn-´mWv tXm∂n-b-Xv. (tI-c-f-Ønse hm¶p-hn-fn°v
C{Xbpw kmZriyw tXm∂m-dn-√.)
]uc-kvXy-am-I-s´, ]m›m-Xy-am-I-s´, ]ucm-
Wn-I-amb kwKoX[mc-Iƒ F√mw Hcp Nc-Sn¬
tIm¿Ø aWn-I-fm-sW∂v CXn¬ \n∂v hy‡-am-
W-t√m. as‰√m kwkv°m-c-ß-tf-°mfpw ]pcm-X-
\hpw DØ-tam-Ø-a-hp-amb \ΩpsS k\m-X\
kwkv°m-c-Øns‚ aln-abpw Kcn-abpw DØ-tcm-
Øcw \sΩ A¤pX ]c-X-{¥-cm-°p-Ibpw sNøp-
∂p.
kam-izmk NnIn-’-bnepw (Palliative),
kwKoX NnIn-’-bnepw (Music Therapy) kma-th-Z-
Øn\v AXn-{]-[m-\-amb ]¶p-h-ln-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-
sa-∂mWv Cu teJ-Is‚ A`n-{]m-bw. AXmXv
- 14 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
tUm. tXm´w inh-I-c≥ \ºqXncn : kma-thZn, tPjvT≥ {io tXm´w IrjvW≥
\ºq-Xn-cn-tbm-Sp-IqsS Xma-cw-Ip-f-ß-c-bn¬ kma-th-Zm¿®\ \S-Øn-bn-´p-≠v.
Ipdn-®n-Øm\w {io[cn Bbp¿tΔ-ZnIv sk‚dnse No^v ^nkn-jy≥.
kma-Km-\-Øn\v tbmPn® X{¥n-hm-Zy-tam, kpjn-
c-hm-Zy-tam, Ah-\-≤-hm-Zytam D]-tbm-K-s∏-SpØn
C∂sØ B[p-\nI temI-Øn\v IqSp-X¬ IqSp-
X¬ D]-Imc-{]-Z-am-Ip∂ coXn-bn¬ thZm-em-]-
\sØ D]-tbm-Kn-°p-hm≥ th≠ Kth-jW ]T-
\ -߃ \S -Øp -hm≥ imkv{X -⁄m-\n -Iƒ
apt∂m-´p-h-cs´ F∂p {]m¿∞n-®p-sIm≠v ""hncm-a-
kvXm-h¬''.
k¿tΔ `h¥p kpJn\:
k¿tΔ -k¥p \ncm-abm:
k¿tΔ `{ZmWn ]iy¥p
am I›n¬ Zp:J-`m-Iv`-th¬
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t£{X \ho-I-cW b⁄ ]¶m-fnØ ^e-{ipXn
t£{X \n¿ΩmW {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ [\-k-a¿∏Ww \S-Øn-bm¬ Ign™ Ggv P∑-ß-fn-tebpw hcp∂ Ggp-P-∑-ß-fn-tebpw ]m]w C√m-Xm-Ip-sa∂v sshjvWh kwln-X-Iƒ]d-bp-∂p.
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mqbªcXiä oeãkav MjCcÖh¥!ImWn°bnS¬ {][m\w
SnâebqóbgX ckjbfäTgofbmX ceùlceCx lecjXkgä~j ùMrOqîMem£ebfsvjeùlfãfw aìùlèfvg hgJaèsTBgÿgúfTgÿlx. DnRejYtóflveãipbrjszÜ cgkäfw beoõaIeó~ägsë Dkêëfaãesë SBgÿgúgÿ YibevxkeCfTãqh¥fTgÿlx GÑfóxë kejõmeíõèfvx Gèccsùl. SBgÿúfh¥xaìùlèfvkèx ùhabMfTgaêeW Y©pv~WTx keCfTãqh¥fTgbevgúmdkjõX GçeãfjfTgÿleCx. mqbªenRejYtóflveãf SBgÿúgÿ YibesvkQkgäfqsT oqMfòªx keCfTãqh¥fòªx mdYeiõX avëgbez Y©pv~WTxbqóèfsnejg ùhebMõX ceùlX kfögÿ DbmjceCflx.
- 15 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
tUm. F. PeP h¿Ω
`mcX kwKoXw Ncn-{X-Øn-eqsS
kwKo-X-Øns‚ D¤hw {]Ir-Xn-bn¬ \n∂p
Xs∂-bm-Wv. lrZ-b-Øn-s‚bpw izmk-tIm-i-Øn-
s‚bpw {Iaw-sX-‰m-sX-bp≈ Ne\w a\p-jy\v Xmf-
t_m[w \¬In-sb-¶n¬, Infn-I-fpsS If-Iq-P-\-
ßfpw, \Zn-I-fpsS If-I-fm-c-hhpw, h≠p-I-fpsS aqf-
epw, Im‰n≥ a¿Ω-c-hpw, Pohn-I-fpsS hnhn[ Xc-
Øn-ep≈ i_vZhpw tI´v Bkz-Zn®v a\p-jy\v
kwKo-Xm-kzm-Z-\-tijn e`n-®n-cn-°pw.
]pcm-X\ a\p-jy¿ tZh {]oXn-°p-th≠n \S-
Øn-h∂ ]qPmZn I¿Ω-ß-fpsS ]›m-Ø-e-Øn-em-
Wv {]mIrX kwKoXw `mc-X-Øn¬ DSseSpØ-Xv.
hyh-ÿm-]n-X-amb mc-Xob kwKo-X-Øns‚
D¤hw IrXy-ambn \n¿W-bn-°m≥ km[y-a-s√-
¶nepw kwKo-X-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ BZy {]Xn-]m-Z\w
thZ-ß-fn-em-Wv. ]mZ-ßsf kwKo-Xm-fl-I-ambn
{]tbm-Kn-®Xv EIv, kmaw F∂o thZ-ß-fn-em-Wv.
EtKzZ Ime-L- -Øn¬ BZn kwKoXw "\n' A\p-
Zm-Øw, "k' ˛ kzcn-Xw, "cn' ˛ DZmØw F∂n-
ßs\ 3 kzc-ß-sf-bmWv Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp-∂-Xv.
Ime-{I-taW CXp hnI-kn®v "K' "[' kzc-߃
IqSn k∂n-th-in-∏n®v ˛ K cn k \n k ˛ F∂n-
ßs\ 5 kzc-ß-fmbn Xo¿∂p. kma-Km\ Ime-L-
´-Øn¬ \n∂p XpS-ßnb Cu {]{Inb hnI-kn®v
D]-\n-jZv Ime-L- -am-b-t∏m-tgbv°pw ]q¿Æ-ambn
7 kzc-߃ "aK-cn-k-\n-[]' ˛ F∂n-ßs\ Ah-
tcm-lW {Ia-Øn¬ {]tbmKn-°-s∏-´p.
]ucm-WnI Imew apX¬°p≈ Cu kwKoX
]mc-º-cysØ am¿Kn kwKoXw F∂pw, Ime-
Øn\pw tZi-Øn\pw A\p-k-cn-®v, `mc-X-Øns‚
hnhn[ {]tZ-i-ßfn¬ hyXykvX coXn-bn¬
AXmXv kwkvImcw Dƒs°m-≠v, X\n-a-tbm-sS,
DƒXn-cn-™p-h∂ {]mtZ-inI kwKoX k{º-Zm-
bsØ "tZio' kwKoXw F∂pw hnfn-®p-t]m-∂p.
"tZio' kwKo-X-Øn\p DZm-l-c-W-ß-f-s{X.
t]¿jy≥ kzm[o -\-Øm¬ DØ-tc-¥y-bn¬
hym]n® kwKoX k{º-Zm-bhpw Z£n-tW-¥y-
bnse kwKoX k{º-Zm-b-hpw.
]pcm-X\ `mc-Xob kwKo-XsØ Bdv
kwKoX ]≤Xn (kv°qƒ) Ifmbn Xcw Xncn-bv°-
s∏-´n-´p-≠v. {_“aXw, inhaXw, \mcZaXw, l\p-
aZvaXw, `cXaXw, I√n-\mYaXw F∂n-ß-s\.
F.-Un. 1˛4 \q‰m-≠n-∂n-S-bn¬ hnc-Nn-X-ambn
F∂p Icp-X-s∏-Sp∂ `cXap\n-bpsS \mSy-im-
kv{XsØ A[n-I-cn®v hf¿∂p hnI-kn® ]≤-Xn-
bs{X B[p-\nI kwKo-X- -\rØ k{º-Zm-bw. cX
ap\n-bv°p-tijw 4˛7 \q‰m-≠n-∂n-S-bn¬ Fgp-X-s∏´
aXw-K-ap-\n-bpsS "_rl-±-in, 7˛11 \q‰m-≠n-∂n-S-bn¬
cNn® \mc-Z-ap-\n-bpsS "kwKoX aI-cμw' 11- 14 ∂nS-
bn¬ kmcß tZhs‚ kwKoX cXv\m-I-c-Øn\v
I√o-\m-Y≥ \¬Inb hymJym-\w, F∂o {KŸ-߃
`mc-Xob kwKo-X-Øns‚ hf¿®-bn¬ kp{]-[m\
]¶p-h-ln-bv°p-∂p.
Ncn-{X-Im-c-∑m¿°nS-bn¬ GIm- n-{]m-b-an-s√-
¶nepw a[y-G-jy-bn¬ \n∂p≈ Bcy-∑m-cpsS
A[n-\n-th-i-Øn\p apºv `mc-X-Øn¬ hyh-ÿm-
]n-X-amb Hcp kwKo-X-˛-\rØ kwhn-[m\w \ne-
\n-∂n-cp∂p F∂-Xn\v [mcmfw sXfn-hp-I-fp-≠v. mc-
X-Øn¬ \ne-\n-∂p-t]m-∂n-cp∂ AXn-{]m-No-\-Iem
kwkvIm-csØ kzmwio-I-cn-bv°m≥ Bcy-∑m¿
Xøm-dmbn. Aßns\ mc-X-Øn-ep-S-\ofw cXap\n-
bpsS \mSy-im-kv{Xw, aXw-Ks‚ _rl-t±-io,
kmcß tZhs‚ kwKoX cXv\m-Icw apX-emb
{KŸ-ßsf ASn -ÿm-\ -am°n kwKo -Xhpw
\rØhpw Htc kc-Wn-bn¬ hf¿∂p hnI-kn-®p.
- 16 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
]n¬°m-eØv apKƒ cmPm-°-∑m-cpsS B{I-
a-W-hpw, t]¿jy, CuPn-]vXv, Atd_y XpS-ßnb
tZi-ß-fp-am-bp≈ kº¿°hpw \nanØw hntZi
kwKo-X-Øns‚ kzm[o-\-Øm¬ DØ-tc-¥y-bn¬
Hcp {]tXyI kwKoX kcWn DS-se-Sp-Øp. XXv -
e-ambn GI-tZiw 14-˛mw \q‰m-t≠msS `mc-Xob
kwKoXw lnμp-ÿm\o kwKo-X-sa∂pw I¿Wm-
SI kwKo-X-sa∂pw c≠p imJ-I-fmbn ]ncn-™p.
DØ-tc-¥y≥ kwKoXw F.-Un.
]›n-ta-jy-bn¬ \n∂pw hnhn[ Ime-ß-fn-
ep-≠mb sshtZ-inI B{I-a-W-Øn≥ ^e-ambn
DØc mc-X-Øn¬ cq]w {]m]n® Iem kmwkv°m-
cnI kwtbm-P\w Fusion A.D 12-˛mw \q‰m-t≠msS
A∂p \ne-hn-en-cp∂ mc-Xob kwKoX kwkv°m-
c-Øn¬ \n∂pw hn`n-∂-am-bn, Gsd khn-ti-j-X-
I-tfmsSbp≈ Hcp kwKoX kwkv°mcambn amdn.
EIv, kmaw F∂o thZ-ß-fnse {ipXn-\n-_-≤-amb
at{¥m-®m-c-W-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw ]cn-W-an® mc-Xob
kwKo-Xw, t]¿jy≥ kwKo-X-Øn-s‚-bpw, Aao¿
Ip{kp XpS-ßnb kq^n kwKo-X-⁄-cp-tS-bpw,
apKƒ N{I-h¿Øn-am-cpsS kwKoX kZ- nse
Sm≥k≥ apX-emb kwKo -X -⁄-cp -tSbpw
sshjvWh k\ym-kn-am-cpsS Io¿Ø-\-ß-fp-tSbpw
kzm[o-\-Øm¬ cmK-˛-Xmf \n_-≤-amb Hcp
hyXykvX kwKoX ka-\z-b-ambn amdn. XpS¿∂v
DS-se-SpØ kwKoX k{º-Zm-b-amWv C∂sØ
lnμp-ÿm\n kwKo-Xw. 1900-˛mw am≠n¬ hnjvWp
\mcm-b-W≥ `mSv Jt≠ lnμp-ÿm\n kwKo-X-
Øns‚ cmK k{º-Zm-bsØ hnhn[ Ym´p-I-fm°n
({I-am-\p-k-c-W-ambn hcp∂ kzc-k-aq-lw) Nn´-s∏-
Sp-Øn. AXn\p ap≥]v cmK-˛-cm-KnWn hyhÿ-bm-
bn-cp∂p D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. `m´v Jt≠-bpsS ka-Im-
en-I\pw A‘-\p-amb hnjvWp- Zn-K-º¿ ]ep-
kvIm¿, Xm≥ emtlm-dn¬ 1901-˛¬ ÿm]n®
Km‘¿h alm-hn-Zym-eb kwKoX ]mT-im-e-bn-eq-
sS, cmP-Iob sIm´m-c-ß-fn¬ am{Xw HXpßn \n∂n-
cp∂ hnhn[ "Lcm\-I-fn¬ \n∂v DØ-tc-¥y≥
kwKo-XsØ hnap-‡-am-°n, AXn\v Hcp P\-Iob
kz`mhw ]I¿∂p.
10 Ym´p-Ifpw Ah-bpsS D]-hn-`m-K-ß-fmb
cmK-ß-fp-amWv Cu kwKoX k{º-Zm-b-Øn\v B[m-
cw. Imew, kabw F∂n-hsb _‘-s∏-Sp-Øn-bp≈
cmK-ß-fpsS {]tbmKw lnμp-ÿm\n kwKoX
k{º-Zm-b-Øns‚ Hcp khn-ti-j-X-bm-Wv. {Zp]Zv
Jym¬, Tpavcn F∂nh ]c-º-cm-K-X-ambn ]mSn-h-
cp∂ kwKoX cq]-ß-fm-Wv. I¿°-i-amb \nb-a-
ß-fn¬ A[n-jvTn-X-amb {Zp]Zv kwKoXw 15-˛mw
\q‰m-≠n¬ Kzmfn-tbm¿ `cn-®n-cp∂ am≥knßv
tXma¿ alm-cm-Pm-hns‚ ImeØv Bhn¿`-hn-®-Xm-
sW∂v hniz-kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. Aao¿ Ip{ºp-hns‚
Ime-ØmWv "Jym¬' kwKoXw Bcw- n-®-Xv. {]tbm-
K-Øns‚ hyXymkw A\p-k-cn®v tOm´m Jym¬,
_Sm-Jym¬ F∂n-ßs\ c≠v D]-hn-`m-K-ß-fp-≠v.
GXm≠v 160 sIm√-߃°p apºmWv eIv\u-hn¬
"Tpadn'bpsS D¤-hw. Jam-Pv, ss`chn ]oep,
_nwπmkn F∂o cmK-ß-fn¬ A[n-Ihpw Ah-X-
cn-∏n-bv°-s∏-Sp∂ irwKm-c-ck {][m-\-amb Tpa-
dnbv°v _\m-d-kv, ]©m-_v, eIv\u F∂o 3
ssien (L-cm-\) Ifp-≠v. ]©m-_n, lnμn F∂o
`mj-Iƒ Ie¿∂ \mS≥ ssien-bn¬ 18-˛mw
\q‰m≠p apX¬ t{]a KoX-߃ ]mSn t]mcp∂
coXn-bmWv T∏. (DZm: loc-cm-©) Tpavdn t]mep≈
as‰mcp kwKoX cq]-amWv Zm{Z. Xmf-s®m-√p-Isf
Dƒs∏-SpØn Jym¬ kwKo-X-Øn¬ \n∂v DƒØn-
cn™v 14-˛mw \q‰m-≠n¬ cq]m-¥-c-s∏´ as‰mcp
kwKo-X-cq-]-as{X "Xcm\'.
]me-°m´v cma mK-h-X¿ I¬∏mØn Ipw`m- n-tjIw 1957
- 17 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
Xangv kwKoX ]mc-ºcyw
{]mNo\ Imew apX¬°p Xs∂ Xangv
\m´n¬ hfsc hnImkw {]m]n® Hcp kwKoX
]≤Xn \ne-hn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xm-bn, {InkvXp-h¿jw
2˛mw \q‰m-≠n-ep≠mbXv F∂p Icp-X-s∏-Sp∂
""Nne-∏-Xn-Imcw'' F∂ Xangv Imhy-Øn¬ \n∂pw
a\- n-em-°m≥ km[n-°pw. Cu ]≤-Xn°v c-Xs‚
\mSy-imkv{Xw XpS-ßnb kwkvIrX {KŸ-ß-fn¬
ImWp∂ `mc-Xob kwKo-X-hp-ambn ASn-ÿm\
XØz-ß-fn¬ kmZr-iy-ap-s≠-¶nepw kmt¶-XnI
\ma-I-c-W-ß-fnepw coXn-I-fnepw hyXymkw ImWp-
∂p. BZyw ]¥o-cm-bncw cmK-߃ D≠m-bn-cp-∂-
Xmbpw ]n¬°m-eØv Ah Npcpßn 103 ]¨Iƒ
(ap-Jy-cmK-߃) Bb-Xmbpw ImWp-∂p. ]nwKf
\nL-≠p....-t]m-ep≈ {]mNo\ {KŸ-ß-fn¬ hnh-
cn-®p-Im-Wp∂ ]¨I-fn¬ A¥m-fn, hcm-Sn, ]©-
aw, [\m-{in, C¥-fw, Km‘m-cw, Iuin-Iw, {ioIm-
a-cw apX-emb {]mNo\ cmK-߃ A¤p-X-sa∂p
]d-bs´ tIc-f-Øns‚ X\-Xmb IqSn-bm-´-Ønepw
IY-I-fn-bnepw {]tbm-K-Øn-ep-≠v.
{]mNo\ Xangv kwKoX ]≤Xn "h´-∏msse'
F∂mWv Adn-b-s∏- n-cp-∂-Xv. Cu k{º-Zm-b-Øn¬
12 kzc-ßsf 12 {Kl-ß-fp-ambn kwtbm-Pn-∏n-®n-cn-
bv°p-∂-Xmbn ImWp-∂p. k]vX-kz-c-߃ jUvPw,
cnj-`w, Km‘m-cw, a≤y-aw, ]©-aw, ss[h-Xw,
\njm[w kcn-K-a-]-[-\n˛ {]mNo\ Xangv kwKoX
]≤-Xn-bn¬ Ggp kzc-߃°v Ipd¬, Xp{Sw,
ssI°n-ssf, Dssg, Xpfn, hnem-cn, Xmcw F∂o
t]cp-I-fn-emWv Adn-b-s∏- n-cp-∂-Xv F∂v 8˛mw \q‰m-
≠n¬ cNn® "Xnhm-Icw' F∂ Xangv \nL-≠p-
hn¬ ImWp-∂p. C∂p \ne-hn-ep≈ \ma-I-cW
]≤-Xnbv°v 800 sIm√sØ ]g-°-ta-bp-≈p.
]gb Xangv kwKoX kwkv°m-c-Øn¬ \ne-
\n-∂n-cp∂ hnhn[ kwKoX ]≤-Xn-I-sf-°p-dn®v
{]Xn-]m-Zn-bv°p∂ `mjm imkv{X-{K-Ÿ-amWv
kwL-Ime L -Ønse "sXm¬°m-∏nbw'. CXn¬
sXmgn¬]-c-ambn {]tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp∂ hmZy-kw-Ko-
X-Øns\ "]ssd' F∂pw am\-knI D√m-k-Øn-
\mbn D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xns\ "bmgv' As√-¶n¬
"]¨' F∂n-ß-s\-bm-Wv hn`-Pn-bv°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-
Xv.
7,8,9 F∂o \q‰m-≠p-Isf tXhm-cw, Znhy-{]-
_‘w F∂o Znhy kvtXm{X-ß-fpsS Ime-L-´-
ambn Icp-Xmw. Xncp-\m-h-°-c-i¿, Xncp-⁄m\
kw_-\v[¿, kpμ-c-aq¿Øn \mb-\m¿ \mb≥am¿
F∂o 3 ssih aX k\ymknamcmWv tXhmc
kvtXm{X-߃ cNn-®-Xv. 24 hnhn[ "]¨' Ifn-em-
bmWv Ch-bpsS kwKoXw. AXn-{]m-No\ cmK-ß-
fn¬ H∂mb taml-\-cm-K-Øns‚ {]tbmKw I≠p-
h-cp-∂Xv CtX ImeL´-Øn¬ Xs∂ cNn®
as‰mcp ssih-aX k\ym-kn-bmb amWn°yhmNn-
I¿ cNn® "Xncp-hm-NIw' F∂ kvtXm{X-ß-fn-em-
Wv. GXm≠v CtX Ime-L-´ -Øn -emWv 12
sshjvWh k\ym-kn-am¿ (Bgvhm¿) \mem-bncw
Znhy-{]-_‘w F∂ sshjvWh kvtXm{X-߃
cNn®Xv. am¿Kgn amk-ß-fn¬, Xangv \m´n¬ {]`m-
X-Øn¬ ]mSn hcp∂ Cu Km\ßfpsS tiJ-csØ
"Xncp-∏mssh' F∂p hnfn-bv°p-∂p. `mc-X-Ønse
hmt§b Imc-∑m¿°n-S-bnse BZy h\nX F∂
]Zhn e`n® B≠mƒ Cu sshjvW k\ym-kn-
am-cn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p. F.-Un. 15˛mw \q‰m-≠n¬ Pohn-
®n-cp∂ {]kn≤ hmt§b Imc-\mWv AcpW Kncn-
\m-Y≥; hnhn[ Xmf k{º-Zm-b-ßsf Dƒs°m-
≈n®v apcp-Is\ {]Io¿Øn®v At±lw cNn® Km\-
k-ap-®-b-amWv Xncp-∏p-Iƒ. 15˛mw \q‰m-≠n¬ Pohn-
®n-cp∂ Acp-Wm-Ne Ihncmb¿, apØp-Xm-WvU-
h¿, amcn-ap-Øp-∏nss≈ F∂o Xangv aq¿Øn-I-fmWv
Xangv kwKo-X-Øns‚ a‰p D]-⁄m-Xm-°ƒ.
tIcf kwKoXw
tIc-f-Øn\p X\-Xmb Hcp kwKoX ]mc-º-
cy-apt≠m F∂ tNmZyw ]WvUn-X¿ \nc-h[n
XhW Db¿Øn-bn-´p-≠v. kzmXn-Xn-cp-\mƒ alm-
cm-Pm-hns‚ kwKoX cN-\-Iƒ°p apºv tIc-f-
Øn¬ imkv{Xob kwKoXØn\v bmsXmcp ASn-
- 18 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
Ø-dbpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂ney Fs∂mcp sX‰n-≤m-c-
W-t]mepw ae-bm-fn-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ \ne-\n¬°p-∂p
F∂Xv XnI®pw tJZ-I-c-am-Wv. hmkvX-h-Øn¬
I¿Æm-SI kwKo-X-Øns‚ B-hn¿`m-h-Øn\p
ap≥]p-Xs∂ ChnsS (tI-c-f-Øn¬) hyh-ÿm-]n-
X-amb Hcp kwKo-X-]m-c-ºcyw \ne-\n-∂n-cp-∂p.
tIc-f-Ønse t£{X-ß-fn¬ XnI®pw tIc-fo-b-
amb hmZy-hr-μ-ß-fpsS AI-º-Sn-tbmsS ]mSp∂
""sIm´n-∏m-Sn-tkh'' apX-emb kwKoX coXn-Iƒ
[mcm-f -ambn D≠m-bn -cp -∂p. t£{X-ß-fn¬
kwkvIrX \mS-I-ßsf CXn hrØ-am°n Ah-X-
cn-∏n-bv°p∂ IqSn-bm-´-Øn¬ "aqV≥ {ioI-WvTn,
sXm≠m¿, C¥-fw, thfm-[pfn apX-emb Ccp-]-
tXmfw ]pcm-X\ {ZmhnU cmK-߃ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-
cp-∂p. ]qPm ka-b-ß-fn¬ tZho tZh-∑msc
{]Io¿Øn®v ]mSp∂ sIm´n-∏mSn tkh-bn¬
tNßn-e, Ce-Øm-fw, CSbv° F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈
X\Xp hmZy-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Btcm-l-Wm-h-tcm-
l-W-{I-a-Øn-ep≈ iwJp-hnfn H´pan° t£{X-ß-
fnepw ]qPmZn I¿Ω-ß-fpsS Ahn-`mPy LS-I-am-
Wv. {iotIm-hn-ens‚ \S-b-S-bv°p∂ ka-bØv Xr∏-
Sn-bpsS (tkm-]m-\w) hiw tN¿∂v hS-t°m´p
Xncn™p \n∂v CSbv° sIm´n amcm¿ BZyw
{Xnÿm\ kzc-ßfpw (k,-],k) XpS¿∂v KW-]Xn
ssIbpw ]mSn-b-Xn-\p-tijw {]tXyI cmK-Øn¬
{][m\ aq¿Ønsb {]Io¿Øn®v "XymWn' ]mSp-
∂p. ka-b-t`Za\p-k-cn®v sNmt√≠ cmK-ß-fpsS
]´n-I-X-s∂-bp-≠v.
Dj ]qPbv°v ˛ tZim-£n, {ioIWvTn
]¥o-cSn ]qPbv°v ˛ ae-lcn
D® ]qPbv°v ˛ Bln-cn, `q]mfw
Zo]m-cm-[-\bv°v ˛ kma¥ ae-lcn
AØmg ]qPbv°v
{]tZmj k‘ym-]q-Pbv°v ˛ A¥mfo F∂n-ß-
s\.
Bcy≥am-cpsS A[n-\n-th-i-Øn\p apºp-
Xs∂ tIc-f-Ønse Imhp-I-fnepw XdI-fnepw Ifw-
]m´p \ne-\n-∂n-cp-∂p. `{Z-Im-fn-∏m´v, k¿∏w ]m´v,
K‘¿h≥ ]m´v F∂nh Nne DZm-l-cWw am{Xw.
_p≤-aX ssP\-aX {]`m-h-ß-fm¬ F.-Un. 4˛mw
\q‰m-≠n-\p-tijw t£{X-ß-fn¬ D’-hm-tLmj
thf-bn¬ kwKo-X-Øn\pw \rØ-Øn\pw IqSp-X¬
{]m[m\yw ssIh-∂p. ]n∂oSv `‡n {]ÿm-\-
Øns‚ Bcw- -tØmsS ssih sshjvWh k\ym-
kn -am¿ tIc-f -Ønse {][m\ t£{X-߃
kμ¿in-°p-Ibpw kvXpXn-Ko-X-߃ (tX-hm-cw,
Xncp-hm-bvsam-gn) cNn-bv°p-Ibpw ]mSpIbpw
sNbvXp. F.-Un. 12˛mw \q‰m≠p apX¬ Pb-tZ-h-
cpsS KoXm-tKm-hnμw hnhn[ tZi-ß-fn¬ {]mtZ-
inI kwKo-X-cq-]-ambn ]cn-W-an-®p.
Npcp -°-Øn¬ Xan -gn¬ "HmSp -hm-°ƒ',
"tImhn¬ ]m v' F∂ t]cn-e-dn-b-s∏- n-cp∂ t£{X-
ß-fn¬ ]mSn-bn-cp∂ tXhm-c-hpw, Bgvhm¿am¿ ]mSn-
bn-cp∂ "Xncp-hm--bvsam-gnbpw'kwkvIrX t«mIw
]mS¬ XymWn F∂n-h-bn-eqsS IS∂v Pb-tZ-h-
cpsS AjvS-]-Znbpw Dƒs°m≠v tIc-f-Ønse
t£{X-ß-fn¬ amcm-∑m¿ CS-bv°-bpsS AI-º-Sn-
tbmsS sNm√p∂ sIm´n-∏mSn tkh AYhm
tkm]m\ kwKo-X-ambn hf¿∂p.
XymWn, tXhm-cw, Xncp-hmbvsamgn F∂o
imJ-I-fn¬ ImW-s∏-Sp∂ {]mNo\ Xangv cmK-ß-
fmb tIZmcKuU, ]¥phcm-Sn, \mY-\m-a-{In,
Imtam-Z-cn, Fcn-°ne Imtam-Z-cn XpS-ßnb cmK-
ßfpw Pb-tZ-h-cpsS AjvS-]-Zn-bn¬ I≠p-h-cp∂
DØ-tc-¥y≥ cmK-ß-fmb ss`c-hn, kucmjv{Sw
F∂n-hbpw tIm´bw Xºp-cms‚ cma-\m-´-Øn¬
ka-÷-k-ambn ktΩ-fn-®n-cn-bv°p-∂Xp ImWmw.
IqSmsX GIw, Nº, sNº-S, {Xn]p-S, AS-¥, apdn-
b-S¥ apX-emb Xmf-ß-fpsS {]tbm-Khpw ImW-
s∏-Sp-∂p.
cma-\m- -Øn¬ \n∂v DƒØn-cn-™p-h∂ IY-
Ifn kwKo-X-Øn-se-Øp-tºmƒ `‡n-`m-h-Øn\p
]pdsa a‰p ]e ck-߃ D±o-]n -∏n -bv°m≥
kμ¿t`m-Nn-X-ambn cmK-ßsf k∂n-th-in-∏n-®n-cn-
- 19 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
°p-∂-Xmbn ImWmw. DZm -l-c -W-Øn\v
i¶-cm-`-cWw, I√ymWn F∂nh irwKm-c-Øn-\v,
hoc-Øn\v Imtam-Z-cn, apJm-cn, ]p∂m-K-h-cmSn
F∂nh timI-Øn\v, hm’-ey-Øn\v \oemw-_cn
F∂n-ß-s\. CØ-c-Øn¬ {]mtZ-in -I-amb
kwKoX kwkv°mcßfpsS Iq´m-bva-bn¬ \n∂pw
Dcp -Øn -cn™p h∂ khn -ti-j-X -bm¿∂
Hcp kwKoX ]mc-ºcyw tIc-f-Øn¬ kº-∂-am-
bn-cp-∂p.
tIc-f-Øn-em-I-s´, Xangv \m´n-em-I-s´, DØ-
tc-¥y-bn-em-Is´ kwKo-X-Øns‚ D¤-h-Øn¬ Ncn-
{X-Øn\p ]¶p-s≠∂p ImWmw. GsXmcp kwKo-
Xhpw I¿Wm-S-I-am-Is´, lnμp-ÿm-\n-bm-I-s´,
]m›m-Xy-am-I-s´, efn-X-am-I-s´, kwKoXw A\m-
Zn -bm-Wv. {]]©w D¤-hn -®-t∏mƒ \mZhpw
\mZ-Øn¬ \n∂v kwKo-Xhpw ]nd-∂p F∂p ]d-
bp-∂-Xmhpw icn. AXv Ime tZim-Zn-Iƒ°v
AXo-X-am-Wv.
tUm. F. PeP h¿Ω : Imen-°‰v k¿Δ-I-em-im-e-bnse kwKoX hn`mKw
ta[m-hn.
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ckjbfäTx ofbmX ùMrOqîMem£ebfvxvfabofòª Dh¥X, DjbC,
iChlfTx vfabofòª aceokXSÿfb kdçJfw vfÿgX nYfTgÿleCx.
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mVecf MjCXD’h Znhkßfn¬ ùMrakebfnfvgúf¬svÖxbfäTgkW ceùlceCx släfãfTgÿlx.
FlfvebMõceã svÖx Y©pv~WTx bBfheëeãfDqh¥fTebgÿleCx.
- 20 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
tUm. `ph-t\-izcn Pn.
kwKoX {Xnaq¿Øn-I-fpsS ap≥Km-an-Iƒ
]e \q‰m-≠p-I-fn-em-bn, ]c-º-cm-K-X-ambn
BN-cn®p hcp∂ Hcp kwKoX k{º-Zm-b-am-Wv
""I¿Æm-SI kwKoXw''. Cßs\ BN-cn-®p-h∂
kwKoX k{º-Zm-b-Øns‚ ]cn-Wm-a-amWv 18-˛mw
\q‰m-≠n¬ kwKoX {Xnaq¿Øn-I-fmb XymK-cm-P-
kzm-an, apØp-kzman Zo£n-X¿, iyma-imkv{Xn
F∂n-h-cpsS BK-a-\w. Cu Ime-L-´-sØ-bmWv
I¿Æm-SI kwKo-X-Øns‚ ""kph¿Æ Ime-L´w''
F∂v hnti-jn-∏n-®n-cp-∂-Xv. "I¿Æm-SI kwKoXw'
AXns‚ AXyp-∂-X-bn-te°v FØn-t®¿∂Xpw
Cu ka-b-Øm-Wv.
kwKoX {Xnaq¿Øn-I-fpsS Ime-L-´-Øn\p
ap≥]p-Xs∂ {]kn-≤-cmb ]e hmt§-b-Im-c-∑m-
cpw, cN-bn-Xm-°fpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ch-cn¬ ]ecpw
Ah-cpsS hnhn[ kwKoX cq]-ß-fn¬°qSn CjvS-
tZ-h-X-Isf {]Io¿Øn-°p-I-bpw, AXn-eqsS Ah-
cpsS D≈n¬ \nd-™n-cp∂ `‡n˛ AXm-bXv
Pohmflm ˛ ]c-amfl _‘sØ {]Im-in-∏n-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p.
"a[p--c- ‡n'bn¬ ebn-°p∂ kwkvIrX mj-
bnse alm-Im-hy-amb Pb-tZ-h-cpsS "KoXm
tKmhnμ-w', teme a[p-c-amb sXep¶p `mj-bn¬
cNn-®n-´p≈ Xmf-∏m°w A∂-am-Nm-cy-cpsS IrXn-
Iƒ ]pc-μcZm-k-cpsS "tZh¿\m-a-߃' Acp-Wm-
Ne Ihn-bp-sS "cma-\m-SIw' F∂ kwKo-X-Øn¬
tIm¿Øn-W-°nb IY "cma-\m-SI Io¿Ø-\-߃',
`{Zm-New cma-Zm-k-cpsS ‡n \n¿`-c-amb Io¿Ø-
\-߃, \mcm-bW Xo¿∞-cpsS kwkvIrX `mj-
bn-ep≈ IrjvW-eoem Xcw-KnWn F∂ kwKoX
\mS-Iw, irwKm-c-ck {][m-\-amb `‡n-tbm-Sp-Iq-
Sn-bp≈ t£{X-PvR-cpsS sXep¶p ]Z-߃, apØp-
Xm-WvU-h-cpsS Xangv ]Z-߃, DuØp-°mSv
sh¶nS kp∫-ø-cpsS \¿Ø\ cq]-Øn¬
\n¬°p∂ {ioIrjvW K-hms\ {]Io¿Øn-°p∂
"{ioIrjvW kvXpXn-Iƒ' XpS-ßnbh {Xnaq¿Øn-
I-fpsS ap≥Im-e-L-´-Ønse \mgnI I√m-Wv.
kwKoX {Xnaq¿Øn-I-fpsS ap≥]v Pohn-®n-cp-
∂-Xpw, kwKoX imJbv°v Aaqey kw`m-h-\-Iƒ
\¬In-bn- p-≈-h-cp-amb hmt§-b-Im-c-∑m-tcbpw, cN-
bn-Xm-°-tfbpw ChnsS hni-I-e\w sNømw.
12-˛mw \q‰m≠p apX¬ 17-˛mw \q‰m≠p hsc-
bmWv Z£n-tW-¥y-bn¬ `‡n-{]-ÿm\w {]Nm-c-
Øn-en-cp-∂Xv. Ime-{I-a-Øn¬ C¥ybne-tßmf-an-
- 21 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
tßmfw `‡n-bpsS ckw ]c-Øp-hm≥ `‡n-{]-
ÿm\w apJy-]-¶p-h-ln-®p.
12- mw \q‰m-≠n¬ Hdo -bnse "Inμp-_n¬hw'
F∂ {Kma-Øn-emWv Pb-tZ-h¿ P\n-®-Xv. Ct±-l-
Øns‚ kwKoX temI-tØ-°p≈ A\-iz-c-amb
kw`m-h-\-bmWv "KoXm-tKm-hnμw' F∂ kwKoX
\rØ-\m-S-Iw. Cu Imhyw 12 k¿§-ß-fn-embn hn -
Pn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. DØa kwkvIrX mj-bnepw Ae-
¶m-c-ß-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bp-amWv Nn -s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-
Xv. Chsb "AjvS-]Zn' F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. CXnse
Hmtcm Km\-߃°pw 8 Nc-W-߃ D≠v. IqSmsX
"Pb-tZh' F∂ Ihn-ap-{Zbpw D≠v. a[p-c- -‡n-bmWv
(Po-hm-fl- -]-c-amfl _‘w) AjvS-]-Zn-I-fn¬ IqSn
{]I-S-am-°p-∂-Xv.
14˛mw \q‰m-≠nse Hcp henb inh-`-‡\pw
hmt§-b-Im-c-\p-am-bn-cp∂p apØp-Xm-WvU-h¿. \t∂
sNdp-∏-Øn¬Øs∂ Ct±lw Hcp Ihn-bm-bn-cp-
∂p. Ct±lw Hcp Dƒhn-fn-bpsS {]tNm-Z-\-Øn¬
NnZw-_c \S-cmP k∂n-[n-bn¬ sN∂p. AhnsS
sh®v BZy-IrXn ""`qtemI ssIem-k-Kncn NnZw-
_cw'' F∂ ]Zw cNn-®p. At±-l-Øns‚ hfsc
{]ikvXn t\Snb as‰mcp ]Z-am-Wv ""Acp-a-cp-
s¥mcp X\n-a-cp¥v Aº-etØ It≠t\''˛ (Imw-
t_mPn cmKw cq]-I-Xm-fw) F∂ IrXn. Ct±lw
Xangv ]Z-߃ cNn-°p-∂-Xn¬ A{K-K-Wy\mb Hcp
hmt§-b-Im-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p.
15˛mw \q‰m-≠n¬ Pohn-®n-cp∂ ""Xncp-∏p-Igv
kvtXm{X-߃'' cNn®v kwKoX temI-tØ°v
Aaqey kw`m-h\ sNbvXn- p≈ Hcp alm ]WvUn-
X-\pw, kwKoX⁄\p-am-bn-cp∂p ""Acp-W-Kn-cn-\m-
Y¿''. j¨ap-Js\ {]Io¿Øn-®p-sIm-≠p≈ Xan-
gvIr-Xn-Iƒ, Akm-[m-cW Xmf-ß-fn-emWv Nn´-s∏-
Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. hnhn[ hrØ-ß-fn¬ IrXn-
Iƒ cNn-°p-hm-\p≈ ]mWvUnXyw IW-°m°n
Ct±-l-Øn\v "Nμ-∏m-h-e-s]-cp-am≥' F∂ _lp-a-
Xnbpw sImSp -Øn -´p -≠v. ssZhoI Bcm-[ -
\bv°pap]-cn-bm-Wv \oXn-\ymb hyh-ÿ, kXy-
k-‘-X-t]m-ep≈ aqey-߃. Chsb Db¿Øn-°m-
Wn-°p-∂-h-bmWv "Xncp-∏p-Igv t«mI-ß-fpsS' D≈-
S-°w.
15˛mw \q‰m-≠n-emWv Xmf-∏m°w A∂-am-
Nmcy Xncp-∏-Xn-bn¬ P\n-®-Xv. BZn i¶-c-cpsS
AssZzX kn≤m-¥-ßsf ]n≥Xp-S¿∂ Hcp IpSpw-
_-Øn-emWv At±lw P\n-®-Xv. P\ ]≤-Xn-bpsS
]mc-º-cy-Øn\v XpS-°-an-´Xv A∂-am-Nm-cy-cpsS
IrXn-I-fm-Wv. Pb-tZ-h-cpsS AjvS-]-Zn -bn¬
ImWp∂ coXn-bn-ep≈ Bcm-[\ ˛ Pohmfl ˛
]c-amflm `‡n-bmWv A∂-am-Nm-cy-cpsS IrXn-I-
fpsS D≈-S-°w. Ct±-l-Øns‚ kw`m-h-\-Iƒ
F√mw-Xs∂ hnjvWp K-hms\ {]Io¿Øn-®p-sIm-
≠p-≈-h-bm-Wv. Ct∏mƒ \ne-hn-ep≈ kwKoX cq]-
ß-fnse ]√-hn, A\p-]-√-hn, NcWw F∂ hn`-
P\w A∂-am-Nm-cy-cmWv Bhn-jv°-cn-®-Xv.
- 22 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
15˛mw \q‰m-≠n-emWv ]pc-μcZm-k-cpsS BK-
a-\w. Ct±lw I¿Æm-SI kwÿm-\-Ønse
"]μ¿]q¿' F∂ {Kma-Øn-emWv P\n-®-Xv. Ct±lw
hymk-cm-b-cpsS injy-\m-bn-cp-∂p. Ct±lw I∂S
`mj-bn-epw, kwkvIr-X-Ønepw [mcmfw IrXn-Iƒ
cNn-®n- p-≠v. I¿Æm-SI kwKo-X-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-
\-amb kcfn hcn-»-Iƒ, [m´p-h-cn-»-Iƒ, PWvU
hcn-»-Iƒ XpS-ßnb ]mTy-]-≤Xn Ct±-l-amWv
Bhn-jv°-cn-®-Xv. AXn-\m¬ Ct±lw ""I¿Æm-SI
kwKoX ]nXm-al≥'' F∂ t]cn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂p.
17˛mw \q‰m-≠n¬ Pohn-®n-cp∂ Hcp henb
hmt§-b-Im-c-\mWv t£{X-⁄¿. Ct±lw B\v{[m-
{]-tZ-inse "aqh-]pcn' F∂ {Kma-Øn-emWv P\n-
®-Xv. sXep¶p ]Z-Øns‚ ]nXm-a-lm-\mWv t£{X-
⁄¿. a[p-c-`-‡n-bm-Wv t£{X-⁄-cpsS ]Z-ß-
fpsS kmcmw-iw. efn-X-amb sXep-¶v-˛-kw-kvIrX
`mj-bn¬ cNn-®-h-bmWv t£{X-⁄-]-Z-߃. Pohn-
X-Øn¬ hcp∂ F√m kμ¿`-߃°pw A\p-tbm-
Py-amb ]Z-߃ cNn-°p-hm-\p≈ Akm-am-\y-amb
Ign-hp-≠m-bn-cp∂p t£{X-⁄¿°v. At±lw ]Z-
ß-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ cmK-ß-fmb ˛ ss`c-
hn, I√ym-Wn, Imwt_m-Pn, tXmSn, kmth-cn, i¶-
cm-`-c-Ww, _nelcn F∂o {][m\ cmK-ß-fn-epw,
IqSmsX A]q¿Δ-cm-K-ß-fmb ssk‘-ho, JWvU
XpS -ßn -b -h -bnepw ]Z -߃ cNn -®n -´p -≠v .
Imwt_mPn At±-l-Øns‚ {]nb-s∏´ cmK-am-bn-
cp-∂p. timIw, `‡n, irwKm-cw, B\-μw, ]p—w,
hntZz-jw, Akq-b apX-emb hnIm-c-ßsf Ah-
bpsS ]mc-ay-X-bn-epw, hyXkvX coXn-bnepw ]Z-
ß-fn¬°qSn {]I-S-am-°n-bn- p-≠v. t£{X-⁄-cpsS
]Z-߃ \rØm-`n-\-b-Øn\v DØ-a-am-b-h-bm-Wv.
AXn-\-\p-tbm-Py-amb {Xn]pS Xmf-Øn-emWv an°-
]-Z-ßfpw Nn´-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≈-Xv. Ct±lw X©m-
hq -cnse hnP-b-cm -L-h-\m -bIv cmPm -hns\
{]Io¿Øn-®p-sIm≠v A©p ]Z-߃ cNn-®n-´p-
≠v. Ahsb "hnP-b-cm-L-h-]-©-cXv\w' F∂-t]-
cn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.
17˛mw \q‰m-≠n¬ X©m-hq-cn¬ Pohn-®n-cp∂
{io\m-cm-bW Xo¿∞¿ ˛ ""IrjvW eoem-X-cw-
KnWn'' F∂ kwKoX \mS-I-Øns‚ D]-⁄m-Xm-
hm-Wv. hfsc sNdp-∏-Øn¬ Xs∂ kwKo-X-Øn-
epw, \rØ-Ønepw ss\]pWyw t\Sn-bn-cp-∂p.
Ct±-lsØ Pb-tZ-h-cpsS Hcp ]p\¿P-∑-am-sW∂p
]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. {ioIr-jvW-eo-em-X-cw-KnWn 12
k¿§-ß-fmbn Xcw-Xn-cn-®n- p-≠v. CXn¬ 147 Io¿Ø-
\-ß-fpw, 267 t«mI-ß-fpw, 39 KZy-ßfpw AS-ßn-
bn-´p-≠v. {ioaXv `mK-h-XsØ kwKoX cq]-Øn¬
tIm¿Øn-W°n kwKoX \rØ-cq-]-ambn Nn´-s∏-
Sp-Øn-bn- p-≠v. CXn¬ K-hm≥ {ioIr-jvWs‚ P\-
\w, _me-eo-e hnt\mZw XpSßn cp‹nWn kzbw-
hcw hsc \o≠p-\n¬°p-∂-h-bm-Wv Cu kam-lm-
cw. Ct±-l-Øns‚ IrXn-Iƒ Ip®n-∏pSn \rØ-Øn-
epw, mK-h-X-taf \mS-I-ß-fnepw D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂p.
17˛mw \q‰m-≠n¬ Pohn-®n-cp∂ as‰mcp alm-
`-‡\pw kwKo-X-⁄-\p-amWv {io`-{Zm-New cma-
Zm-kv. Ct±lw B{‘m-{]-tZ-in¬ sKm¬s°m-≠-
- 23 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
bn-emWv P\n-®-Xv. Ct±lw I_o¿Zm-kns‚
{][m\ injy-\pw, kwKo-X-Øns‚ imkv{Xob hi-
߃ a\- n-em-°n-b-Xv, I_o¿ Zmk-cpsS ]°¬
\n∂p-amWv F∂mWv ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. Ct±lw Hcp
XnI™ {iocm-a-`-‡-\m-bn-cp-∂p. XmcI at{¥m-
]-tZiw I_o¿ Zmkv \¬In-bn-´p-≠v F∂pw Icp-
X-s∏-Sp-∂p. Ct±lw sXep-¶n¬ [mcmfw IrXn-
Iƒ cNn-®n-´p-≠v. Ct±-l-Øns‚ {]kn≤ IrXn-I-
fmWv "F∂-Km-\p-cm-a-`-P\' ]¥p-h-cm-fn-cm-Kw-˛-cq-
]-I-Xm-fw, ]ep-t°-_w-Kmc B\-μ-ss -chn cmKw,
BZn Xmfw, Ga-ø-cma ˛ Imwt_mPn cmKw ˛
JWvU-Nm∏p Xmfw XpS-ßn-b-h.
apØp-Xm-WvU-h-tc-t∏mse ]Zw F∂
kwKoX cq]-Øn¬ {]mhoWyw t\Sn-bn-cp∂ 17˛mw
\q‰m-≠n¬ B{‘m-tZ-iØv Pohn-®n-cp∂ Hcp cN-
bn-Xm-hm-bn-cp∂p {io kmcw-K-]m-Wn. Ct±lw
kwkvIr-X-Ønepw sXep-¶nepw ]Z-߃ cNn-®n-
´p-≠v. Ct±lw \qdn¬]cw ]Z-߃ cNn-®n-´p-≠v.
{ioIr-jvW-`-K-hms\ {]Io¿Øn-°p-∂-h-bmWv
an°-]-Z-ß-fpw.
18˛mw \q‰m-≠n¬, {Xnaq¿Øn-Iƒ°p ap≥]v
Pohn-®n-cp∂ Hcp Xangv cN-bn-Xm-hm-bn-cp∂p {ioam-
cn-apØp]nss≈. NnZw-_cØn\-SpØv "Xnss√-hn-
SwKw' F∂ {Kma-Øn-emWv P\n-®-Xv. Ct±lw Hcp
ssih- -‡-\m-bn-cp-∂p. \t∂ sNdp-∏-Øn¬ Xs∂
Io¿Ø-\-߃ cNn-°p-hm-\p≈ Ignhv In´n-bn-cp-
∂p. Ct±-l-Øns‚ kw`m-h-\-I-fn¬ "]p-en-bq¿
shº' F∂ {]_‘w Xangv \m´n¬ {]kn-≤n-
bm¿÷n® H∂mWv.
18˛mw \q‰m-≠n¬ "Acp-Wm-Ne Ihn-cm-b¿'
X©m-hq¿ Pn√-bnse "Xnss√-bSn' F∂ {Kma-
Øn¬ P\n-®p. Ct±lw Xangv Ihn-bmb Iº-cpsS
Iº-cm-am-b-W-Øn¬ {]mhoWyw t\Sn-bn-cp-∂p.
Iº-cm-am-b-W-Øns‚ s]mcpƒ Dƒs°m-≈n-®p-
sIm≠v cNn®XmWv "cma-\m-SI Io¿Ø-\-߃'.
taml\ cmK-Øn-ep≈ G≥ ]≈n sIm≠o-cø
F∂ IrXn hfsc {]kn-≤-amb H∂mWv. Ct±-l-
Øn\v kzX-kn-≤-amb Ihn-Xm-hm-k-\-bp-≠m-bn-cp-
∂p. "cma-\m-SIw' IqSmsX io¿lmgn tImssh,
io¿lm-gn-ÿe ]pcm-Ww, l\p-am¿]nss≈ XpS-
ßnbh a‰p kw`m-h-\-I-fm-Wv. "cma-\m-SIw' km[m-
cW°m¿°v a\- n-em-°m≥ DX-Ip∂ coXn-bn¬
hfsc efn-X-amb Xangv `mj-bn¬ cNn-®n-´p-≈-Xp-
sIm≠v hfsc {]Nmcw t\Sn.
18˛mw \q‰m-≠n¬ X©m-hq-cn¬ Pohn-®n-cp∂
kwKo-X-⁄-\pw, hmt§-b-Im-c\pw Hcp sshWnI
hnZzm-\p-am-bn-cp∂p {io ]®n-an-cnbw BZn-b-∏-ø.
kwKoX {Xnaq¿Øn-I-fn¬ iymam imkv{Xn-bpsS
Kpcp-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p. kp{]-kn-≤-amb "hncn-t_mWn'
˛ ss`chn AS-Xmf h¿Æ-Øns‚ D]-⁄m-Xm-
hmWv. Ct±-l-Øn\v Xm\m-h¿Æ-am¿§-Z¿in F∂
_lp-a-Xnbpw In´n-bn-´p-≠v.
- 24 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
tUm. Pn. ph-t\-izcn : Fd-Wm-Ipfw alm-cm-Pmkv tImtfPnse kwKoX hn`mKw
ta[m-hn. kwKo-X-⁄.
Xangv \m´nse Xncp-hnssi s\√q-cn¬ 18˛mw
\q‰m-≠n¬ Pohn-®n-cp∂ Hcp k\ym-knbpw Ihn-
bp-am-bn-cp∂p {io kZm-inh {_t“-μ¿ kwkvIrX
`mj-bn¬ [mcmfw Io¿Ø-\-߃ cNn-®n-´p-≠v.
Ah-bn¬ "am\k k©-ctc' ˛ iyma-cm-Kw, "]n_-
tc-cm-a-ckw' ˛ Bln¿ ss`c-hn, k¿Δw {_“-
abw ˛ a[p-h-¥n, `Ptc tKm]mew ˛ lntμmfw
F∂o Io¿Ø-\-߃ {]kn≤n t\Sn-b-h-bm-Wv.
Ct±lw IrXn-I-fn-eqsS thZm-¥w, XtØzm-]-tZiw
F∂n-hbv°v {]m[m\yw \¬In-bn-´p-≠v.
XymK-cm-P-kzm-an, kzmXn-Xn-cp-\mƒ alm-cm-
Pmhv XpS-ßn-b-htc Xs‚ IrXn-IƒsIm≠v kzm[o-
\n® Hcp cN-bn-Xm-hm-bn-cp∂p am¿§-Z¿in tij-
ø-¶m¿. Ct±-l-Øns‚ kwkvIrX `mj-bn-ep≈
]mWvUnXyw ]n≥ImeL´-Øn¬ h∂ ]e-tcbpw
BI¿jn-®n- p-≠v.
DuØp-°mSv sh¶nS kp∫-b¿ X©m-hq¿
Pn√-bn¬ 18˛mw \q‰m-≠n¬ Pohn-®n-cp-∂p. At±lw
{ioIrjvW `K-hms‚ XnI™ `‡-\m-bn-cp-∂p.
GI-tZiw 400 Io¿Ø-\-ß-fpw, 9 \hm-h-cW
Io¿Ø-\-ßfpw Ct±lw cNn-®n-´p-≠v. lnμp-a-X-
Ønse H´pan° tZho tZh-∑m-sc-°p-dn®p IrXn-
Iƒ cNn-®n-´p-≠v. "\¿Ø-\-cq-]-Øn¬' \n¬°p∂
{ioIrjvW K-hm-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ IrXn-I-fmWv qcn-
`mKhpw. Cu Io¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ an°-Xnepw PXn-˛-
sim¬s° v F∂nh ImWm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. \rØ-Øn-
\-\p-tbm-Py-amb hn[-Øn-emWv DuØp-°m-Sns‚
IrXn-I¬ `qcn-`m-K-hpw.
18˛mw \q‰m-≠n¬ Pohn-®n-cp∂ Hcp alm-kw-
Ko-X-⁄-\pw, hmt§-b-Im-c-\p-am-bn-cp∂p {iocm-a-
kzman Zo£n-X¿. Ct±lw apØp-kzman Zo£n-X-
cpsS ]nXm-hm-Wv. Xan-gv\m-´nse Im©o-]p-c-Øn-\-
Sp-Øp≈ hncn-©n-]pcw F∂ {Kma-Øn-emWv
Ct±lw P\n-®-Xv. {iocm-a-kzman Zo£n-X-cpsS
kwKoX temI-tØ-°p≈ hne-a-Xn-bv°m-\m-hmØ
kw`m-h-\-bmWv 108 "cmK-Xmf amenI' (A-jvtSm-
Øc iX-cm-K-am-enI) lwk-≤z\n cmKtØ
kwKoX temI-tØbv°v ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXp
Ct±-l-am-Wv.
cma-kzman Zo£n-X-cpsS ka-Im-en-I-\m-bn-
cp∂p {io s]±e Kpcp-aq¿Øn imkv{Xn. Ct±lw
Xan-gv\m- n¬ Xncp-∂¬th-en-bn¬ P\n-®p. Ct±lw
KoXw F∂ kwKoX cq]-Øns‚ ]nXm-a-l≥ F∂p
]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. 1000 KoX-߃ cNn-®n-´p≈ s]±e
Kpcp-aq¿Øn imkv{Xnbv°v "shbn-KoX' s]±e Kpcp
aq¿Øn-imkv{Xn F∂ _lp-aXn \¬In-bn-´p-≠v.
kwKoX {Xnaq¿Øn-I-fpsS Ime-L-´-Øn\p
ap≥]p≈ kwKo-XsØ hne-bn-cp-Øm-\pw, Xmc-X-
ay -s∏-Sp -Øp-hm\pw {]bm-k-amWv. Imc-Ww,
A∂sØ kml-N-cy-Øn¬, bYm¿-∞-Øn¬ cNn-
®n -cp∂ kwKoX]mTw, kzc -s∏-Sp -Øn -tbm,
kq£nt®m sh®n-cp-∂n√m. IqSmsX A∂sØ
kwKo-X-]-T\w I¿Æ ]c-ºc- hgn-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
kwKoX kwkv°m-c-tØ-bpw, aqey-tØbpw \ne-
\n¿Øn-bn-cp-∂-Xp-Xs∂ C{Xbpw _e-amb I¿Æ
]c-º-c-bp-≈Xp sIm≠p-X-s∂-bmWv F∂-Xn¬
bmsXmcp kwi-b-a-hp-an-√.
CXp-hsc hni-I-e\w sNbvX-Xn¬ \n∂pw
{Xnaq¿Øn-I-fpsS ap≥Im-e-L-´-Ønse kw`m-h-\-
Iƒ I¿Æm-SI kwKo-X-Øns‚ ASn-Ød ]mIp-
hm≥ \n¿Æm-bI ]¶p-h-ln-®n-´p-≠v F∂v a\- n-
em-°mw.
- 25 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
tUm. Fkv. `mKy-e£van Fw.-F. ]n.-F-®v.-Un.
`mc-Xob kwKo-X-Øn¬ kmln-Xy-k-_p-jvS-
X, kwKo-X-ta∑, sshhn-[y-X, hyXy-kvXX `‡n-
k-º-∂X F∂n khn-tij KpW-ß-fm¬ thdn´p
\n¬°p∂ cN-\-I-fmWv
XymK-cmP IrXn -Iƒ.
km[m-c-W-°m¿°v {Kln-
°m\pw Bkz-Zn-°m\pw
X° coXn-bn¬ efn-X-ß-
fm -bn -´p≈ XymK-cmP
IrXn -Iƒ A\-iz -c -ß-
fmbn {]tim -`n -°p∂
cXv\-ß-fmWv! \njv°m-a-
-‡n°v DØ-tam-Zm-l-c-W-
ß-fmWv Ct±-l-Øns‚
H´pan° cN-\ -I -fpw .
"kwKo -X-Øn-eqsS `K-
hZvkm£m-Xv°mcw' F∂
Bibw ^e-h-Øm-Ipw-
hn[w t{ijvT-ß-fmWv
\mtZm-]m-k-I-\pw, BNm-
cy-\p-amb XymK-cm-P-kzm-an-
Iƒ cNn® kwKoX IrXn-
Iƒ.
"IrXn-k-ap-®-b-߃'
F∂ Bibw {]mh¿Øn-
I-am-Ip-∂-Xv kwKo-X-{Xn-
aq¿Øn-I-fpsS BK-a-\-tØm-sS-bm-Wv. IrXn-]-c-º-
c, IrXn-irw-Je, Io¿Ø\ ]c-º-c, t£{X-Ir-Xn-
Iƒ F∂n-ßs\ hyXy-kvX- \m-a-ß-fn¬ cNn-°-
s∏-´n-´p≈ IrXn-k-ap-®-b-߃ ]c-º-c-bm-bpw,
hyXykvX IrXn-I-fmbpw It®-cn-I-fn¬ ÿm\w
]nSn-®n-´p-≠v. IrXn-I-fpsS Iq´w, kaq-lw, Nß-e,
kap-®bw Fs∂√mw hnti-jn-∏n-°m-hp∂ cN-\-
I-fpsS FÆw 5,7,9,11,13,16 F∂ {Ia-Øn-em-bn-
kwKo-X-˛-km-ln-Xy-`mhw Xpfpºn
\n¬°p∂ t£{X ]©-c-Xv\-Ir-Xn-Iƒ
cn°pw. Htc Bi-b-tØtbm, tZh-X-tb-tbm,
t£{X-sØ-tbm, ÿe-sØtbm Bkv]-Z-am°n
cNn-®n-´p≈ IrXn ]c-º-c-I-fmWv IrXn-k-ap-®-bw,
IrXn kam-lm-cw, kap-
Zmb IrXn -Iƒ F∂n
t]cp-I-fn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp-
∂-Xv. Chsb ]©-c-Xv\w,
]©-enwK ÿe IrXn-
Iƒ, \h-{Kl IrXn-Iƒ,
\h-cm{Xn Io¿Ø-\-߃,
\hm -h -cW Io¿Ø-\-
߃, \h-hn[ `‡n
Io¿Ø-߃, tjmU-i-K-
W-]-Xn-Ir-Xn-Iƒ, D’-h-
k-{º-Zmb Io¿Ø-\-߃,
D’-h-{]-_‘w F∂n-
ßs\ hn`-Pn-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v.
t£{X-Ir-Xn-Iƒ F∂v
hnti-jn-∏n-°-s∏´ IrXn
]c-º-c-bn¬ A©p IrXn-
Iƒ hoXw Dƒs∏-Sp∂
]©-cXv\ IrXn-I-fmWv
Gsd {]i-kvX-am-b-Xv.
XymK-cmP kzman-Iƒ cNn-
®n-´p≈ L\-cmK ]©-
cXv\ IrXn -Iƒ \m´,
Kuf, Bc-`n, hcmfn {io F∂o cmK-ß-fn -
ep≈hbm-Wv. IqSmsX Xncp-shm-‰n-bq¿ tKmhq¿,
em¬Kp-Un, {iocwKw Xncp-h-øm¿, F∂n-hn-S-ß-
fnse t£{Xw tZh-X-Isf {]Io¿Øn®v A©p
IrXn-Iƒ Dƒs∏´ ]©-cXv\ IrXn ]c-º-c-Ifpw
D≠v.
`mc-Xob XXz-im-kv{Xhpw, ]pcm-tW-Xn-
lm-k-ß-fpw, kwJym-im-kv{X-hp -a -\p -k-cn®v
- 26 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
3,5,7,9,11,13,15,16 F∂n-h-bvs°√mw Gsd {]m[m-\y-
ap-≠v. kwkvIr-X-Øn¬ "A©v' F∂ kwJybv°v
]©w, ]©Iw F∂v kw⁄ \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
ss^hv, ]m©v, A©v, AbvZp F∂n-ßs\ hnhn[
`mj-I-fn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. `mc-Xob BNm-c-ß-
fnepw aX-]-c-amb NS-ßp-I-fnepw "A©v' F∂
kwJybv°v kap-∂-X-ÿm\w \¬In ImWp-∂p.
"]©-IrXy' F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ A©v LS-I-
߃ Dƒs∏- -XmWv \ΩpsS qa-WvU-ew. krjvSn,
ÿnXn, ebw, Xntcm-`-hw, A\p-{Klw F∂nh
Dƒs∏´ "]©-IrX-Xy-ßsf A©v ssII-fn-embn
Dƒs°m-≈n-®n-´p≈ `K-hm≥ hn\m-b-I≥ "sF¶-
c≥' F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw CXp-sIm-≠m-W-t{X.
a\p-jys‚ {][m\ icn-cm-h-b-h-ß-fn¬
{][m-\-s∏´ ]t©-{μn-b-߃ IÆv, ImXv, aq°v,
\m°v, Xz°v F∂n-h-bm-Wv. Z¿i-\w, {ih-Ww,
{LmWw, cpNn -°¬, kv]¿i\w XpS -ßnb
{]h¿Ø-\-ß-fp-ambn _‘-s∏-´n-´p-≈-h-bm-Wv.
⁄mt\-{μn-b-߃ F∂pw Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.
temI-X-Xzhpw a\p-jy-X-Xzhpw ]©-`q-X-ß-
fn-e-[n-jvTn-X-am-bn-´mWv I≠p-h-cp-∂-Xv. ]rYzn,
A]p, tXbp, hmbp, BImiw F∂n-ßs\ A©p-
`q-X-ß-fn-e-[n-jvTn-X-am-bn- mWv kI-e-N-cm-N-c-ßfpw
\ne-sIm-≈p-∂-Xv.
a{¥-im-kv{X-Øn\v B[m-c-am-bn- p≈ _nPm-
£-c-߃ Hmw, sFw, {low, ¢nw, kuw F∂n-
ßs\ A©m-Wv. tZh-X-Isf {]Io¿Øn-°p-
tºmƒ _oPm-£-c-ß-fpsS {]tbmKw {][m-\-am-
Wv.
Ima-tZ-hs‚ hn√n¬ A©p-_m-W-ß-fmWv
sXmSpØp hnSm-dp-≈-Xv. Aw_nIm K-h-Xnsb ]©-
_m-tW-izcn F∂t{X hnti-jn-∏n-°m-dp-≈-Xv. Ac-
hn-μw, Atim-Iw, NpXw, \h-a-√n-I, \otem-Xv]ew
F∂n-ßs\ A©p-Xcw ]pjv]-ß-fmWv ]©_m-
W-ß-fmbn Ima-tZ-h≥ sXmSp-Øp-hn-Sp-∂-Xv.
]©-bm-X\ ]qP-bn¬ inh≥, hnjvWp,
kqcy≥, KW-]-Xn, tZhn XpSßn A©p-tZ-h-X-I-
sf-bmWv ]qPn-°p-∂-Xv. ]qP-Iƒ°pw A`n-tj-I-
Øn\pw D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ A©p hkvXp-°ƒ°v
"]©-Kayw' F∂t{X t]cv. ]m¬, ssXcv, s\øv,
tKmaq-{Xw, tKmabw F∂nh Dƒs∏-´-Xm-Wv.
Ch IqSmsX ]©-]-{Xw, ]©-]-£n, ]©-
`-£yw, ]©-enw-K-߃, ]©-a-lm-i-_vZ-߃,
F∂n-ßs\ "A©v' F∂ kwJy-ambn _‘-s∏´v
[mcmfw hkvXp-°ƒ D≠v.
kwKo-X-Øn-em-Is´ A©p-Xcw Xmf-s®m-√p-
Isf \mK-_‘w, kzXn-Iw, Ae-·w, ip≤w, ka-
Im-enIw F∂n-ßs\ Xncn-®n-cn -°p-∂p. Ch
A©pw ]c-a-in-hs‚ A©p apJ-߃ ˛ ktZym-
Pm-Xw, hma-tZhw, AtLm-cw, XXv]p-cp -jw,
Cuim\w F∂n-h-bn¬ \n∂v DS-se-Sp-Ø-Xm-
sW∂v hniz-kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. ]©-hm-Zy-Øn¬
iwJv, sImºv, Xnan-e, a±-fw, CSbv° XpS-ßnb
A©p-hm-Zy-߃ tN¿∂-Xm-Wv. t£{X-hm-Zy-ß-
fn¬ {][m\ XX-hm-Zy-at{X ]©-ap-J-hm-Zyw. C{]-
Imcw `mc-Xob kwKoX imkv{X-{]-Imcw "A©v'
F∂ kwJym-kw-⁄°v Gsd {]m[m-\y-ap-≈-
Xmbn ImWmw. ]©-K-Xn, ]©-Pm-Xn, ]©-a-kz-
cw, HuU-h-cm-K-߃ F∂n-h-bn-se√mw A©ns‚
{]m[m\yw {]I-S-am-Wv. t£{X-IrXn F∂ Bi-
b-Øn\v cq]w \¬In-bXv jmPn alm-cmPmhmsW-
¶nepw t£{X-IrXn kap®b cN-bn-Xm-°-fn¬ kap-
∂-X-am-bn- p-≈Xv XymK-cm-P-kzm-an-Ifpw, apØp-kzm-
an-Zo-£n-Xcpw BWv. XymK-cm-P-kzm-an-Iƒ Xncp-shm-
´n-bq¿, tImhq¿, {iocwKw em¬Kp-Un, Xncp-h-øm¿
F∂n-hn-S-ß-fnse t£{X-߃ kμ¿in-®-t∏mƒ
Ahn-SpsØ tZh-X-I-sfbpw t£{X-tØbpw
{]Io¿Øn®v IrXn-]-c-º-c-Iƒ cNn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn.
Ch-bmWv t£{X-]-©-cXv\ IrXn-I-fmbn {]Npc
{]Nmcw t\Sn-b-Xv.
Xncp-h-øm¿ ]©-cXv\w
X©m-hq-cn\pw, Xncp -h-øm-dn\pw at≤y
ÿnXn-sN-øp∂ A©v Bdp-Iƒ (\-Zn-Iƒ) Imth-
cn, Ac-i-em¿, shÆm¿, hS-bm¿, IpS-ap-cp´n F∂o
A©p Bdp-Iƒ°v a[y-Øn-embn ÿnXn sNøp∂
"Xncp-h-bm¿' XymK-cmP kzman-I-fpsS kam[n ÿe-
ambn {]kn-≤n-bm¿÷n-®n-´p-≠v. ]©-\-Zo-iz-c≥,
{]W-Xm¿Yn-l-c≥ F∂nßs\ Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂
- 27 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
Chn-SpsØ tZhs\ {]Io¿Øn®v XymK-cm-P-kzm-
an-Iƒ cNn® IrXn-]-c-º-c-bmWv Xncp-h-bm¿ ]©-
c-Xv\w.
1. kmcn-sh-U-en\ ˛ Akm-thcn ˛ BZn
2. Ce-tem-{]-≠-Xm¿Yn ˛ ATmW ˛ BZn
3. Gln PK-Zni ˛ kmcwK ˛ Nm∏v
4. ap®S {_“m-Zp-eIp ˛ a[y-am-hXn ˛ BZn
5. Gh-cp-∂mcp ˛ amf-h{in ˛ BZn
]©-\-Zn-Iƒ IrXn-Iƒ F∂pw Adn-b-s∏-
Sp∂ Cu ]c-º-c-bn¬ Imthcn \Zn-bpsS `wKn-
]q¿Æ-ambn Bhn-jv°-cn-®p-Im-Wp∂p. "Fh-cp-
∂mcp' amf-h{in IrXn Xptem-{]-Nmcw Ipd™
cN-\-bm-Wv.
Xncp-shm- n-bq¿ ]©-cXv\w
Xan-gv\m-´nse sNss∂-˛-]q-¶m \K-c-Øn\v
a[y-Øn-embn ÿnXn-sN-øp∂ Xncp-shm- n-bq-cnse
{Xn]p-c-kp-μc t£{X-Ønse {Xn]p-c-kp-μ-cnsb
{]Io¿Øn®v kzman-Iƒ cNn® IrXn kap-®-b-amWv
Xncp-shm-´n-bq¿ ]©-c-Xv\w. hoW Ip∏-ø-cpsS
A`y¿∞\am\n®v t£{Xw kμ¿in-®-t∏m-gmWv
Cu IrXn-Iƒ cNn-®-Xv. kzbw`penw-K-Øn¬ \n∂pw
Dcp-Øn-cn-™Xpw lwk \S\ cq]-Øn-ep≈
{Xn]pc kpμcn (B-Zn-]p-cn-iz-cn)sbbmWv IrXn-
I-fn¬ h¿Æn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
1. kpμ-cn-\n\p ˛ BcZn ˛ an Nm∏p
2. kpμcn \oZnhy ˛ I√ymWn ˛ BZn
3. Zmcn-Wn-sX-epkp ˛ ip≤-km-thcn ˛ BZn
4. I∂-X√n ˛ kmthcn ˛ BZn
5. kpμ-cn-\≥ ˛ t_KU ˛ cq]I
Cu ]c-º-c-bnse ip≤-kw-thcn IrXn°v
he-P-t]´ sh¶-S-c-aW `mK-h-X¿ at\m-l-c-am-bn-
´v Nn´-kzcw cNn-®n-´p-≠v.
I√ym-W-cmK IrXn°pw Nn -kzcw D≈-Xmbn
tcJ-Iƒ sXfn-bn-°p-∂p. t_KU IrXn-bn¬
A¥y, ZznXnb {]mk-Øn\v [mcmfw DZm-l-c-W-
߃ D≈-Xmbn ImWmw. BcZn IrXn-bn¬ i¶-
cm-Nm-cy-cpsS kuμcy el-cn-bn¬ \n∂p≈ ]cm-
a¿i-߃ e`n-°p-∂p. A©p IrXn-I-fnepw t£{X-
ap{Z Dƒs∏-SpØn ImWp-∂p. Nne IrXn-Iƒ°v a[y-
a-Ime kmlnXyw Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-≈Xv cmK- mhw
h¿≤n-∏n-°p-∂p.
tImhq¿ ]©-cXv\w
"tImhq¿' F∂ t]cv "tKmhq¿' F∂
kw⁄-bn¬ \n∂pw Dcp-Øn-cn-™-Xm-Wv. tImhq¿
kpμc apX-en-bm¿ A`y¿∞n-®-X-\p-k-cn®v kzman-
Iƒ Chn-SpsØ kpμ-tc-i-t£{Xw kμ¿in-°p-I-
bp-≠m-bn. tImhq¿ {Kma-Øns‚ t]cns\ kw_-
‘n-°p∂ Hcp sFXn-ly-ap-≠v. ]s≠m-cn-°¬
inhs\ X]- p-sN-bvXn-cp∂ ]cm-i‡n am¶m-Sn¬
]©m-·n-bn¬ \n∂p-sIm-≠mWv X] p sNbvXn-
cp-∂-Xv. Ah¿°p ]mep \¬Ip-∂-Xn\pw tZho-tZ-
h-∑msc k¬°-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\p-ambn ]c-a-in-h≥
\ntbm-Kn-®Xv Ima-t[-\p-hn-s\-bm-Wv. Ima-t[\p
\n∂n-cp∂ {]tZiw "tKmhq¿' Bbn ]n¬°m-eØv
tImhq -cmbpw amdn. kpμ-tc-iz -c -aq¿Ønsb
{]Io¿Øn-®p≈ A©p IrXn-Iƒ Dƒs∏´ ]c-º-
c-bmWv tImhq¿ ]©-c-Xv\w.
1. iwt`m alm-tZh ˛ ]¥p-h-cmfn ˛ cq]Iw
2. tImcn-tk-hnw] ˛ Jc-l-c-{]nb ˛ BZn
3. Cu hkp[m ˛ ilm\ ˛ BZn
4. kpμ-tc-iz-cp\n ˛ i¶-cm-`-cWw ˛ BZn
5. \Ωn-hm-Nn\ ˛ I√ymWn ˛ cq]Iw
Acq-]n-bmb inh\pw kuμ-cy-\m-b-In-bp-
amWv Chn-SpsØ tZhn-tZ-h-∑m¿. XymK-cmP kzman-
Xncp-h-øm¿ XymK-cm-Pm-cm-[\ 1956
Acn-b-°pSn, alm-cm-P-]p-cw, Be-Øq¿ kp∫-ø¿, siΩm-¶p-Sn,
Pn F≥ _n, Sn. B¿. _mep, Be-Øq¿ {io\n-hm-k-ø¿
- 28 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
Iƒ°p-≠m-bn-cp∂ inh `‡n-bm-Wv IrXn-I-fn¬
{]Xn-^-en-®p-Im-Wp-∂-Xv. F√m IrXn-I-fnepw
t£{X-ap{Z Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
ilm\ cmK-Øn-ep≈ "Cu hkp[m' F∂
IrXn°v at\m-l-c-amb Nn´-kz-chpw Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-
bn-´p-≈-Xmbn ImWmw.
{iocwKw ]©-cXv\w
Xan -g v\m -´nse Xncp -®n -d -∏ -≈n -°-SpØv
{iocwKw F∂ ÿeØp ÿnXn -sN-øp∂
cwK\mY-kzman t£{X-Ønse {iocw-K-\mY
kzmansb {]Io¿Øn®v XymK-cmP kzman-Iƒ cNn-
®n-´p≈ IrXn ]c-º-c-bmWv {iocwKw ]©-c-Xv\w.
A©p IrXn-Iƒ Dƒs∏´ Cu ]c-º-c-bn¬ cwK-
\mY kzman-bpsS kuμcyw AtX-]Sn Bhn-jv°-
cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. s]cn-b-tIm-hn-ense s]cnb s]cp-
am-fmbn Bcm-[n-°-s∏-Sp∂ t£{X-at{X {iocwKw
t£{Xw.
1. PqXm apcmtc ˛ BcZn ˛ cq]Iw
2. Hmiw-K-imbn ˛ Imwt_mPn ˛ BZn
3. cmPp-sh-Se ˛ tXmUn ˛ cq]I
4. Icp-W-PqU ˛ kmcwK ˛ BZn
5. hn\-cmZm ˛ tZh-Km-‘mcn ˛ BZn (tZ-im-Zn)
{iocw-K\m-Ys\ cwK-imbn, ImthcncwK≥,
IkvXqcncwK≥, cmK-]Xn F∂n-ßs\ ]e t]cp-
I-fn¬ h¿Æn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. k¿Δm-`-cW hn`q-jn-X-
\mb at\m -l-c -ß-fmb BS-bm -` -c -W-߃
AWn™ irwKmc \mb-I-\mb tZh-\m-bn-´mWv
{]Io¿Øn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu ]c-º-c-bnse cmPp-
sh-S-e, Hmcw-K-imbn F∂o IrXn-Iƒ Gsd {]kn-
≤-ß-fm-Wv. Hmcw-K-imbn F∂ IrXn-bn¬ {iocw-
KsØ qtem-I-ssh-Ip-WvT-ambn k¶¬]n®v h¿Æn-
®n-cn-°p-∂p.
em¬KpUn ]©-cXv\w
em¬Kp-Un-bnse k]vXEjo-iz-c-t£{Xw
kμ¿in-®-t∏mƒ cNn® IrXn ]c-º-c-bmWv
em¬KpUn ]©-cXv\w Xs‚ injy-\mb em¬Kp-
U-cm-a-ø-tcm-sSm-∏-amWv kzman-Iƒ Cu t£{Xw
kμ¿in-®-Xv. ]c-a-in-h-s\bpw efn-Xmw_m tZho-
tbbpw {]Io¿Øn-®p≈ Cu ]c-º-c -bn¬
aqs∂Æw sXep-¶nepw cs≠Æw kwkvIr-X-Øn-
ep-amWv cNn-®n-´p-≈-Xv.
1. efn-tX{in {]hrt≤ ˛ ss`chn ˛ BZn
2. KXn-\o-h\n ˛ tXmUn ˛ BZn
3. tZh-i-EKw ˛ a[y-am-hXn ˛ {Xn]pS
4. alnX {]hr≤ ˛ Imwt_mPn ˛ Nm∏p
5. Cui-]m-lnamw ˛ I√ymWn ˛ cq]Iw
{]uV-Kw- o-c-ß-fm-bn- p≈ cmK-ß-fmWv Cu
]c-º-c-bv°mbn Xnc-s™-Sp-Øn- p-≈-Xv. tZhX ap{Z-
Iƒ Cu ]c-º-c-bn¬ tN¿Øn- p-≈-Xmbn ImWmw.
IqSm-sX- bXn{]mkw-b-aIw F∂n `mjm-e-¶m-c-
ßfpw IrXn-I-fn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn -°p-∂p.
Imwt_mPn IrXn-bn¬ Nc-W-Øn¬ "hmln' F∂
kwPvR-b-a-I-Øn\v DZm-l-c-W-am-Wv. "Cui-]m-
lnamw' F∂ I√ymWn cmK-Ir-Xn-bn¬ c≠m-asØ
hcn-bn¬ "PK-Zoi' F∂p tIm¿Øn-W-°n-bn-cn-°p-
∂p.
]©-c-Xv\-߃ A√msX Xm≥ kμ¿in-®n-
´p≈ t£{X-ßsf {]Io¿Øn®v H‰bv°p≈ IrXn-
I-fmbpw t£{X-Ir-Xn-Iƒ cNn-®n-´p-≠v. ]c-º-c-
bnse Hmtcm IrXnbpw kmln-Xy-`w-Kn-sIm≠pw
kwKo-X-ta-∑-sIm≠pw al-Ø-c-ß-fm-Wv. A£-
cm¿∞-Øn¬ A\-iz-c-ß-fm-bn´p Pzen-®p-sIm-≠n-
cn-°p∂ cXv\-ß-fmWv hyXy-kvXhpw sshhn-[y-
hp-am¿∂ IrXn-Iƒ Dƒs∏´ t£{X ]©-cXv\
IrXn-Iƒ.
tUm. Fkv. `mKy-e£van : C≥Ãn‰yq´v Hm^v Nn¬{U≥kv en‰-td-®dns‚
FUn-‰-dmbn hnc-an-®p. cmK C≥ I¿Æm-SnIv ayqkn-Iv, a[pcIe, kwKoXv
]mT-ame XpS-ßnb {KŸ-ß-fpsS cN-bn-Xm-hm-Wv.
- 29 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
tUm. {]oXn sI.
I¿Æm-SI kwKoX {Xnaq¿Øn-I-fmb {io
iym-a-im-kv{Xn, {io XymKcm-P-kzm-an, {io apØp-
kzman Zo£n-X¿ F∂n-h-cpsS
ka-{K-amb kw`m-h-\-Iƒ
Fs∂∂pw Hm¿Ωn-°-s∏-tS-
≠-h-bm-Wv. C∂sØ I¿Æm-
SI kwKo-X-Øns‚ kº-∂-
X-bpsS ]n∂nse {][m\
IrXn-c-Xv\-߃ Cu alm-\p-
`m-h-∑m-cpsS AXp-ey-amb
`‡n-bpsSbpw, kwKo-X-tØm-
Sp≈ BZ-c-hn-s‚bpw A¿∏-
W-t_m-[-Øn-s‚bpw ^ew
sIm≠p-≠m-b-h-bm-Wv.
"AjvtSm-Ø-c-i-X-cm-K-
Xm-f-am-enI' F∂ {]kn-≤-
amb cmK-am-en-I-bpsS I¿Øm-
hpw, lwk-≤z-\n-cm-K-Øns‚
krjvSn-I¿Øm-hp-amb {io
cma-kzman Zo£n-X-cp-sS-bpw,
{ioaXn kp∫mw-_-bp-sSbpw
]p{X-\mbn Xncp-hm-cq-cn-emWv {io apØp-kzman
Zo£n-X¿ P\n-®-Xv. {io NnZw-_-c-\m-Y-tbm-Kn-bn¬
\n∂p {iohn-Zym-a{¥w D]m-k\ kn≤n At±lw
t\Sn. Kpcp-hns‚ D]-tZ-i-{]-Imcw Xncp-ØWn
kp{_-“-Wy-t£-{X-Øn¬ `P-\-an-cp∂v kp{_-“-
Wy-kzm-an-bpsS A\p-{K-l-Øm¬ At±-l-Øn\v
kwKo-X-I-hnXzw kn≤n-®p. "{io\m-YmZn Kpcp-Kp-
tlm-P-bXn PbXn' F∂p XpS-ßp∂ ambm-am-f-h-
Kuf IrXn-bmWv BZy-c-N-\. AXn-\p-tijw B\-
μ-ss`-chn cmK-Ønse "amk-\-Kp-cp-Kpcp' F∂
IrXn cNn-®p. Xs‚ Kpcp-hmb apcp-Is\ kvacn-®p-
sIm≠v "Kpcp-Kpl' F∂ \maw At±lw IrXn-I-
fn¬ ap{Z-bm-°n.
{io apØp-kzman Zo£n-X¿ IrXn-I-fnse
A\p-]a kwKo-X- -km-lnXy ka-\zb kuμcyw
apØp-kzman Zo£nX-cpsS IrXn-Iƒ F√mw
Xs∂ {]uV-Kw-`o-c-amb kwkvIrX `mj-bn-em-
Wv. hmt§-b-Im-c-\m-Ip-∂-Xn\v
apºv Xs∂ At±lw thZw,
kwkvIrXw, tPymXnj hymI-
c-WmZn imkv{X-߃, kwKo-
Xw, hoW F∂n -h -bn¬
]mWvUnXyw t\Sn. ]nXm-hmb
cma-kzman Zo£n-X¿ Xs∂-bm-
bn-cp∂p BZy-Kp-cp. Bflob
Kpcp-hmb NnZw-_-c-\m-Y-tbm-Kn-
bpsS klm-b-Øm¬ Imin-
bn¬ h®v lnμp-ÿm\n kwKo-
X-Ønepw Adnhv kºm-Zn-®p.
]n¬°m-eØv lao¿I-√ym-Wn,
ZznPm-h-¥n, bap-\m-I-√ym-Wn,
hrμm-h-\-km-cwK F∂o cmK-
ß-fnse IrXn-Iƒ cNn-°p-hm≥
Cu Adnhv klm-b-I-am-bn.
Zo£n-X-cpsS kw`m-h-\-Iƒ
Zo£n-X-cpsS IrXn-Iƒ
Ah-bps-S kmlnXy `wKn-sIm-≠pw, cmK-`mhw
sIm≠pw, sshhn[yw sIm≠pw Gsd {it≤-
b-am-Wv.
1. kaq-l-Ir-Xn-Iƒ / hn`-‡n-Ir-Xn-Iƒ
kaqlIrXn cN-\-bn¬ G‰hpw ap≥]-¥n-
bn-ep≈ hmt§-b-Im-c≥ Zo£n-X-cm-Wv. Xncp-hm-cq¿
Ia-emw-_sb kvXpXn-®p-sIm≠v At±lw cNn®
Ia-emw-_m-\-hm-h-cWw H≥]Xp -Ir-Xn-I-fpw, Hcp
[ym\-Ir-Xn-bpw, awK-f-Ir-Xnbpw Dƒs∏-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv.
Hmtcm IrXn-bp-sSbpw XpS-°-Øn¬ Hmtcm hn`‡n
{]tXyIw tN¿Øn-cn-°p-∂p. {ioN-{IsØ Bkv]-
Z-am°n cNn-®n-´p≈ Cu IrXn-I-fn¬ Hmtcm Bh-
- 30 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
c-W-ß-sfbpw AXnse tZh-X-am-tcbpw Ipdn®v
hni-Z-ambn ]d-™n-cn-°p-∂p. Hmtcm cmKhpw apgp-
h≥ kuμ-cyhpw {]I-S-am-°p∂ coXn-bn-emWv Cu
IrXn-Iƒ At±lw D]-tbm-Kn -®n -cn -°p-∂-Xv.
s]mXpth hnfw-_n-X-Im-e-Øn-emWv Cu IrXn-Iƒ
]mSn-h-cp-∂-Xv. IrXn-I-fpw, cmK-ßfpw NphsS sImSp-
°p-∂p.
1. [ym\-IrXn Ia-emw-_ntI tXmUn cq]Iw
2 If
2. H∂mw Bh-c-W-IrXn Ia-emw-_m-kw-c-£Xp
˛ B\-μ-ss`-chn ˛ Nm∏v
3. cmw Bh-c-W-IrXn ˛ Ia-emw-_mw-`-Ptc ˛
I√ymWn ˛ BZn 2 If
4. aq∂mw Bh-c-W-IrXn ˛ {ioI-a-emw-_n-Ibm
˛ i¶-cm-`-cWw ˛ cq]Iw 2 If
5. \memw Bh-c-W-IrXn ˛ Ia-emw-_n-Imssb ˛
Imwt_mPn ˛ AS
6. A©mw Bh-c-W-IrXn ˛ {ioI-a-emw-_n-
Imbmx ss`chn ˛ an{i-Pw]
7. Bdmw Bh-c-W-IrXn ˛ Ia-emw-_n-Imbmx
]p∂-K-h-cmfn ˛ cq]Iw ˛ 2 If
8. Ggmw Bh-c-W-IrXn ˛ {ioI-a-emw-_n-Imbmw
˛ ilm\ ˛ Nm∏v
9. F´mw Bh-c-W-IrXn ˛ {ioI-a-emw-_ntI ˛
L ˛ BZn 2 If
10. HºXmw Bh-c-W-IrXn {ioI-a-emw-_m-P-bXn
˛ Blncn ˛ cq]Iw ˛ 2 If
11. awKf IrXn ˛ {ioI-a-emw-_ntI ˛ {iocmKw ˛
JWvU-PmXn GI.
ambm-hcw t£{X-Ønse A`-bmw-_m-tZ-
hnsb {]Io¿Øn-®p-sIm≠v bYm-{Iaw I√ym-Wn,
ss`c-hn, i¶-cm- -c-Ww, bZp-Ip-e-Imw-t_m-Pn-, tIZm-
c-Ku-f, tIZm-cw, ilm-\, tXmUn, {iocmKw F∂o
cmK-ß-fn¬ At±lw A`-bmw_m hn`‡n IrXn-
Iƒ cNn-®n-´p-≠v. XymK-cmP hn`‡n IrXn-I-fn¬
At±lw ATm-W, bZp-Ip-e-Imw-t_m-Pn, kme-K-
ss`-c-hn, t_K-U, Z¿_m¿, cp{Z-{]n-b, kmcw-K,
hoc-h-k¥w F∂o cmK-߃ D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-
∂p. \h-{Kl IrXn-Iƒ : Xncp-hm-cq¿ XymK-cm-P-
kzman t£{X-Ønse ip≤-a-±-f-°m-c-\mb Xºn-b-
∏≥ F∂ Xs‚ injys‚ hb-dp-th-Z\ ian-∏n-°p-
∂-Xn-\mbn Zo£n-X¿ Xºn-b-∏s‚ PmXIw ]cn-
tim-[n®v Kpcp-hns‚ (hym-gw) {]Xn-Iq-e-ÿn-Xn-
bmWv tcmK-Øns‚ ImcWw F∂p I≠p-]n-Sn-°p-
Ibpw XpS¿∂v _rl-kv]-Xn-bp-sS A\p-{K-l-Øn-
\mbn ATm-W-cm-K-Øn¬ "_rl-kv]sX' F∂
IrXn-c-Nn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. CXv \nXyw ]mcm-
bWw sNbvX-t∏mƒ tcmK-i-a\w D≠m-bn. ]n∂oSv
injys‚ At]£ {]Imcw At±lw F√m {Kl-
ß-sf-°p-dn®pw IrXn-Iƒ cNn-®p. BZn-Xy≥ apX¬
i\n-h-sc-bp≈ Ggp-Ir-Xn-I¬ iqemZn k]vX-Xm-
f-Øn-em-Wv. Hmtcm IrXn-I-fnepw {Kl-Øns‚ cmin
BZn-]-Xyw, {Kl-ß-fpsS KpW-tZm-j-^-e-߃,
{Kl-{]o-Xn-°p≈ hn[n-Iƒ F∂nh At±lw
hy‡-ambn ]d-bp-∂p. CXn¬ kucm-jv{Sw, Akm-
th-cn, kpcp- n, \m -°p-dp-™n, ATm-W, ]c-iv, bZp-
Ip-e-Imw-t_m-Pn, cam-a-t\m-lcn (cm-a-{]n-b), Nmacw
(j¨ap-J-{]n-b) F∂o cmK-ß-fmWv D]-tbm-Kn-
®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. \h-{K-l-Ir-Xn-Iƒ \ntXy\ ]mSp-
∂Xv t{ib-kv°-c-am-sW∂p hniz-kn-°p-∂p. ]©-
enw-K-ÿ-e-Ir-Xn-Iƒ : ]rYzn (`q-an), A]v (P-ew),
tXP v (A-·n), hmbp (B-Im-iw) F∂o ]©-
enw-K-ßsf kvXpXn-®p-sIm≠v bYm-{Iaw ss`chn,
bap-\m-I-√ymWn, kmcw-K, lptk-\n, tIZmcw
F∂o cmK-ß-fn¬ sNbvXn-cn-°p∂ Cu IrXn-Iƒ
hfsc hnti-j-s∏-´-h-bm-Wv. Im©n-]p-cw, Pw_p-
tI-izcw, Xncp-h-Æm-asse, Imf-l-kvXn, NnZw-_cw
F∂o ÿesØ enwK-ß-sf-bmWv CXn¬ hnh-
cn-®n-´p-≈-Xv. Xncp-hm-cq-cnse AN-te-iz-c≥, lS-
tI-iz-c≥, hm¬ao-tI-iz-c≥, B\-μ-tμ-iz-c≥, kn≤o-
iz-c≥ F∂o ]©-enwK {]Xn-jvT-I-sf-°p-dn®pw
At±lw IrXn-Iƒ cNn-®n-´p-≠v. KW-]-Xn-bpsS 16
cq]-ßsf {]Io¿Øn®v At±lw tjmU-i-K-W-]-
Xn-Ir-Xn-Iƒ cNn-®p. Xncp-hm-cq¿ t£{X-Øn-emWv
Cu {]XnjvT ÿnXn sNøp-∂-Xv. X{¥-imkv{X
A[n-jvTn-X-amWv Cu IrXn-Iƒ. BsI 24 IrXn-
Iƒ KW-]-Xn-sb-°p-dn®v am{Xw At±lw cNn-®n-
- 31 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
´p-≠v. kp{_-“Wy kzmansb {]Io¿Øn-®p-
sIm≠pw At±lw Kpcp-Kp-l-hn- ‡n IrXn-Iƒ cNn-
®n- p-≠v. CXnse kmln-Xyhpw, kwKo-Xhpw At±-
l-Øns‚ Bflo-b-⁄m-\-Øn-s‚bpw, ]cn-]-Iz-
amb thZm-¥-Nn-¥-bp-sSbpw cmK-ß-fn-ep≈ At±-
l-Øns‚ AKm-[-]m-WvUn-Xy-Øn-s‚bpw hy‡-
amb sXfn-hp-I-fm-Wv. {io\m-Ym-Zn-Kp-cp-Kp-tlm-P-
b¥n F∂ BZyIrXn H∂p ]cn-tim-[n-®m¬ Nc-
W-Ønse ambm-ab hnizm-[n-jvTm-t\m, ambm-Im-
cy-I-e-\m-lot\m, ama-I-k-l-{k-I-a-em-ko-t\m, aXn-
aXmw lrZ-b-tKm-]pc Zot]m F∂o ]Z-߃
A¿∞-hym-]vXn-bp-≈-hbpw {]uV-amb kwkvIrX
`mj-bnse {]mk-`wKn \nd-™-Xp-amWv F∂v
ImWmw. CXn¬ At±lw ÿe-ap{Z (am-bm-am-f-h-
Ku-f-tZ-im-Zn), cmK-ap-{Z, hmt§-b-Im-c-ap{Z F∂n-
hbpw tN¿Øn-´p-≠v. BZy-Ir-Xn-bn¬ ambm-am-f-h-
Kuf cmKw D]-tbm-Kn-®-Xns‚ HuNn-Xyhpw {it≤-
b-am-Wv. apI-fn¬ hnh-cn® kaq-l-Ir-Xn-Iƒ
IqSmsX {ioIr-jvW≥, cma≥, kc-kz-Xn, ao\m-
£n, imkvXmhv F∂o tZh-X-Isf {]Io¿Øn®v
At\Iw IrXn-Iƒ At±lw cNn-®n-´p-≠v. {io
sh¶n-S-a-Jn-bpsS 72 Ak-ºq¿Æ taf ]≤-Xnsb
\ap-°mbn ImØp-kq-£n-®Xv {io apØp-kzman
Zo£n-X¿ IrXn-I-fm-Wv. DZm-l-c-W-ambn At±lw
I\-Imw-_cn F∂p XpS-ßp∂ IrXn kcn-a-]-[-k-
\n-[-]-a-K-cnk F∂ Btcm-lW Ah-tcm-lW
{]Im-c-amWv cNn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. At±-l-Øns‚
IrXn-Iƒ am{X-amWv taL-c-RvPn, ssk¥-hn,
B{Zm-tZ-in, amcp-h, cma-I-en, \mK-h-cm-fn, taml-
\-\m´ F∂o hfsc A]q¿Δ-ambn tIƒ°p∂ cmK-
ß-fpsS hy‡-amb sXfn-hp-Iƒ. C{X-b-[nIw
IrXn-Iƒ At±lw cNn-®n-√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Hcp
]t£ Ak-ºq¿Æ-taf ]≤-Xn-bn-ep≈ cmK-
ßfpw, ]e A]q¿Δ-cm-K-ßfpw ]pkvX-I-ß-fn¬
am{Xw kzc cq]-Øn¬ Ah-ti-jn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂p.
At±lw "t\m´p-kz-c-߃' F∂ t]cn¬ 40
]m›mXy coXn-bnep≈ t\m´p-Iƒ°p-th≠n
cNn® kmlnXyw henb Hcp hnkvabw Xs∂-bm-
Wv. Cu t\m´p-kz-c-߃ ]Tn-°p-∂Xv kzc-ß-fpsS
IrXy-amb ÿm\w a\- n-em-Ip-∂-Xn-\pw, kzc-s∏-
Sp-∂-Xn-\p≈ Hcp Nhn-´p-]-Sn-bmbn I¿Æm-SI
kwKoX hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°v D]-tbm-K-{]-Z-hp-am-Wv.
sshWo-I-\mb At±-l-Øns‚ Ka-I-ß-fn-ep≈
{]mhoWyw ss`c-hn, I√ym-Wn, i¶-cm-`-c-Ww,
tXmUn, Ka-I-{Inb F∂o cmK-ß-fnse IrXn-I-
fn¬ hfsc hy‡-am-Wv. qcn- mKw IrXn-Ifpw hnfw-
_n-X-Im-e-Øn¬ Xs∂-bm-sW∂p ]d-bmw. ]t£
At±-l-amWv hnfw-_nXIme IrXn-I-fpsS Ah-
km-\-`m-KØv a≤y-a-Ime kmlnXyw \¬In "eb-
k-a-\zbw' km≤y-am-°nb bYm¿∞ Kth-j-I≥
F∂p ]d-bmw. "ka-jvSn-N-cWw' F∂ A\p-]-√-
hn-bp-sSbpw, Nc-W-Øn-s‚bpw A¿∞w Dƒs°m-
≈p∂ AwKw At±-l-amWv BZy-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-
®-Xv. k]vX-Xm-f-ß-fnepw At±lw IrXn-Iƒ cNn-
®n-´p-≠v. 2 If cq]-Iw, Xn{k-{Xn-]p-S, JWvU-PmXn
GI F∂o Xmf-ßfpw At±lw IrXn-I-fn-eqsS
{]kn-≤-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v. cmK-ß-fpsS t]cv AYh
cmK-ap-{Z, IrXn-I-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p≈ A{K-K-Wy-
\mb kwkvIrX ]WvUn-X-\mWv Zo£n-X¿.
kmlnXyØns‚ A¿∞-Øn\p `wKw hcmsX
F∂m¬ AXns‚ `wKn h¿≤n-∏n-°p-amdv AXmXv
IrXn-I-fpsS cmK-ß-fpsS t]cv At±lw IrXn-I-
fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-®n- p-≠v. "kwkm-c- o-Xym-]tl' F∂
Bc`n cmK-Ønse "{io kc-kzXn' F∂ IrXn-
bnse A¿∞-]q¿Æ-ambn cmK-ap{Z hfsc Kw`o-c-
am-Wv. "lwk-≤z\n `qjnX' tlcw`w F∂-Xn¬
lwk-≤z-\n-cm-K-Øm¬ B`q-jn-X-\mb hmXm-]n-
bnse tlcw-_-K-W-]-Xnsb hnh-cn-°p-∂p. "I\-
Imw-_cn Imcp-Wym-ar-X-e-lcn' F∂ IrXn-bn¬
"I\-Imw-_cn' F∂Xv cmK-\m-a-sØbpw, I\I
hkv{Xw [cn® tZhn-sbbpw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.
At±lw cNn® 500-˛-¬∏cw IrXn-Iƒ GI-tZiw
268 IrXn-I-fn¬ cmK-ap{Z ip≤-cm-K-ap-{Z-bm-bpw, kqNn-
X-cm-K-ap-{Z-bmbpw {]tbm-Kn-®n-´p-≠v.
At±-l-Øns‚ IrXn-I-fn¬ bXn, {]mkw,
F∂o kw-kvIrX `mj-bpsS kuμ-cy-߃ `wKn-
bmbn ktΩ-fn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn ImWmw. {iocm-K-
Ønse "{ioh-c-e£vao' F∂ IrXn-bnse {iokm-
c-k-]-tZ-˛-c-k-]-tZ-˛-k-]-tZ-˛-]tZ F∂Xv tKm]p-—-
b-Xn°v DZm-l-c-W-am-Wv. At±lw kwkvIrXw
- 32 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
IqSmsX aWn-{]-hm-f-Ønepw (kw-kvIr-Xw, sXep-
¶v, Xan-gv) IrXn-Iƒ cNn-®n-´p-≠v. At±-l-Øns‚
"{iohn-iz-\mYw' F∂ 14 cmK-߃ tN¿∂ cmK-
am-en-I-bpw, "]q¿Æ-N-{μ-_nw_ hnPb' F∂ Bdv
cmK-߃ tN¿∂ cmK-am-en-Ibpw "knwlm-k-\-
ÿntX' F∂ kucmjv{Sw, hk-¥, kpcp-´n, a[y-
am-hXn F∂o 4 cmK-߃ tN¿∂ cmK-am-en-Ibpw
{]kn-≤-am-Wv. Ct±-l-Øns‚ IrXn-Iƒ F√mw
Xs∂ t£{X-ß-fpsS kzm[o\w hfsc hy‡-am-
Wv. At±lw cNn® IrXn-I-fnse t£{X-ß-fpsS
amlmflyw F√mw Xs∂ IrXn-I-fnse kmln-Xy-
Øn-ep-S-\ofw ImWmw. GI-tZiw 64 t£{X-߃
At±lw t\cn´p kμ¿in®p Xs∂ IrXn-Iƒ cNn-
®n- p-≠v. tIc-f-Ønse Kpcp-hm-bq¿ IrjvW-s\-°p-
dn -®pw, ]g -h -ßmSn KW-]-Xn -sb-°p -dn®pw,
imkvXm-hn-s\-°p-dn®pw At±lw IrXn-Iƒ cNn-
®n- p-≠v.
`mc-Xob kwKo-X-Øns‚ Z£n-tW-¥y≥,
DØ-tc-¥y≥, ]m›mXyw F∂o F√m-Øcw
Km\ssien-Ifpw, kzmwio-I-cn®v Xs‚ IrXn-I-fn-
eqsS kwKo-X-tem-I-Øn\v A\p-`-h-th-Zy-am-°nb
Hcp AXpey {]Xn-`-bpw, ]WvUn-X-\p-amWv apØp-
kzman Zo£n-X¿.
tUm. {]oXn sI. : ImeSn {io i¶c kwkvIrX k¿Δ-I-em-im-e-bnse kwKoX
hn`mKw Akn-Â v {]^-k¿.
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EvãtöxckjbfäTx ofbmX GòªTx Zjg cCfTx aìùlvëãfwbòªx EvãtöxGçeãfjfTgÿleCx. Evkägsë FóØbfYb~äeã aòeJx, svÖx,MqTj, hBX, kjfêx FbãeCx vwkgÿlx. Evãtöfw hRgaòjezEùiufTgÿbq DÖh¥ambemcflfãgceãf yÀsh¥aëçleCx.
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ùMr OqîMem£e MjCX!DÿoevùhYgabû MjCcÖh¥e DÿoevX cueoevX
F√m h¿jhpw hr›nI amk-Øn¬ imkvXmw-]m- n-t\m-S-\p-_-‘n®pw
ss]¶p\n D{Xw \mfnepw \S-Øp∂ ""A∂-Zm\w'' ≠n-te°v DZm-c-
ambn kw`m-h\ sNøp-I. kw`m-h-\-Iƒ ‡-P-\-ß-fpsS t]cn¬
F≥tUm-hvsa‚mbpw Aø∏ tkhm-k-an-XnbpsS ]°¬ G¬∏n-°m-hp-
∂-Xm-Wv.
- 33 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
tUm. aRvPp tKm]m¬
\mZ-cq-]n-Wnsb {]Xy-£-am-°nb iymam-im-kv{Xn-Iƒ
X©m-hq¿ Bÿm-\-ambn hf¿∂p
hnImkw {]m]n® I¿Æm-SI kwKo-X-Øns‚
kph¿Æ-Im-e-sa∂v hnti-jn-∏n-°p∂ 18-˛mw \q‰m-
≠n¬, Xncp-hm-cq-cn¬ `qPm-
Xcmb kwKoX {Xnaq¿Øn-I-
fn¬ {iohnZym D]m-k-I-\m-bn-
cp∂p ˛ {io iymaimkv{Xn-
Iƒ, (1762-˛1827). At±lw Hcp
DØa hmt§-b-Im-c-\pw, kwKo-
X-⁄-\pw, Imam-£n-tZ-hn-
bpsS A¿®-I-\p-am-bn-cp-∂p.
P\-\w, hnZym- ymkw
{io iyma-imkv{Xn 1762
G{]n¬ 26˛mw XobXn {io
hniz -\mY Aø-cp -sSbpw
{ioaXn sh¶-e-£van-bp-sSbpw
]p{X-\mbn P\n-®p. B{‘-{]-
tZ-inse "Iºw' kztZ-in-I-fm-
bn -cp -∂p, At± -l-Øns‚
]q¿Δn-I¿. Ah¿ Im©o-]p-cw,
Pn©n, DZ-b¿]m-f-bw, B\-°p-
Sn, hnP-b-]q-cw, \mKq¿, aS-∏p-cw, kn°n¬ F∂o
tZi-ß-fn-eqsS \q‰m-≠p-I-tfmfw Xß-fpsS Ipe-
tZ-h-X-bmb _wKmcp Imam-£n-bp-ambn (kz¿Æ-
Øn-ep≈ Imam£n hn{K-lw) k©-cn®v HSphn¬
Xncp-hm-cq -cn¬ F-Øn-t®¿∂p. Chn-sS-bmWv
imkv{Xn-I-fpsS P\-\w.
XpfP alm-cm-Pm-hns‚ (1765-˛1787) tkh-I-
\m-bn-cp∂ {io. hniz-\mY Aø¿, [mcmfw `qkz-
Øn-\p-S-a-bm-bn-cp-∂p. sh¶-Sm-N-e-]-Xn-bpsS A\p-
{K-l-Øm¬ At±-l-Øn\p e`y-amb ]p{X-\mWv
iyma-im-kv{Xn-Iƒ. Im¿ØnI \£{X-Øn¬ P\n-
®-Xn-\m¬ sh¶-S-kp-{_-“-Wy-s\∂v \ma-I-cWw
sNø-s∏-Sp-Ibpw iyma-Ir-jvW≥ F∂ Hma-\-t∏-
cn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
5˛mw hb- n¬ ]T-\-am-cw- n® At±lw \mep-
sIm-√-Øn-\p-≈n¬ ivtfmI-ß-
fpw, kvtXm{X-ß-fpw, Aa-c-tIm-
ihpw a‰pw lr{Zn-ÿ-am-°n.
IqSmsX kz]n-Xm-hn¬\n∂v
kwkvIr-Xw, sXep-¶v, thZ-
߃, D]-\n -j -Øp -°ƒ,
X{¥w, {ipXn-Iƒ, kvar-Xn-Iƒ
F∂n-h -bn¬ ]cn -⁄m\w
t\Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xs∂-
t∏mse iyma -Ir -jvW\pw
sshZn-I-hr-Øn-bn¬ hym]r-X-
\m-I-W-sa-∂p-≈-Xm-bn-cp∂p
A—s‚ A`n-em-jw. hnhn[
hnj-b-ß-fn -ep≈ iyma-Ir-
jvWs‚ AKm-[-]m-WvUnXyw
At±-l-Øn\v imkv{Xn-Iƒ
F∂ t]¿ t\Sn-s°m-Sp-Øp.
kwKoX ]T\w
imkv{Xn-I-fpsS kwKo-Xm-`n-cpNn A`n-hr-≤n-
s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-\p≈ A\p-Iq-e-amb kml-Ncyw At±-
l-Øns‚ IpSpw-_m-¥-co-£-Øn¬ C√m-bn-cp-∂p.
Xs‚ amXq-e-\n¬ \n∂pw kwKo-X-]-T\w Bcw-`n-
®n-cp-s∂-¶n-epw, kwKo-X-⁄-c-√mØ amXm-]n-Xm-
°-fpw, a‰p _‘p-°fpw At±-lsØ t{]m’m-
ln-∏n-®n-cp-∂n-√.
Hcn°¬, ]nXm-hns‚ A`m-h-Øn¬ Hcp `‡-
\p-th≠n Imam£n tZhn°v A¿® \S-Ønb thf-
bn¬ At±lw kwKo-Xm-fl-I-ambn efnXm kl-{k-
\m-a-ap-cp-hn- p. XZ-h-k-c-Øn¬ B ‡≥ kΩm-\n®
- 34 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
DØ-co-b-amWv At±-l-Øn\p e`n® GI t{]’m-
l-\w.
]n∂o-Sv, NmXp¿amky hrX-a-\p-jvTn-°m≥
hniz-\mY Aø-cpsS Krl-Øn¬ FØn-t®¿∂
kwKoX kzman-Iƒ F∂ bXn-h-cy≥ iyma-Ir-
jvWs‚ kwKo-X-ss\-]pWyw Xncn-®-dn-bp-Ibpw
At±-l-Øns‚ Kpcp-hm-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
GI-tZiw \mep-am-kw-sIm≠v \m\qdv e£W
KoX-ß-fpƒs∏sS cmK- -Xm-f- -kzc {]kvXm-c-ß-sf-
°p-dn-®p≈ Kl-\-amb Ah-Kmlw At±lw t\Sn.
]n¬°m-eØv imkv{Xn-Iƒ kwKoX kzman-I-fpsS
\n¿t±-i-{]-Imcw ]®n-an-cnbw BZn-b-∏® F∂
kwKo-X-⁄-\p-ambn kulrZw ÿm]n-°p-Ibpw
AXn-eqsS Xs‚ kwKo-X-]m-Shw hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-
°p-Ibpw, {ItaW HcpØ-a-hm-t§-b-Im-c\pw anI-
hm¿÷n® Hcp kwKo-X-⁄-\p-am-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw
sNbvXp.
imkv{Xn-I-fpsS tZho- ‡n
Xs‚ Ipe-tZ-h-X-bmb Imam-£n-tZ-hn-bpsS
\ntXym-]m-k-I-\m-bn-cp-∂p, imkv{Xn-Iƒ. _wKm-
cp-Im-am-£nsb IqSmsX Im©n-Im-am-£n, a[p-c-
ao-\m-£n, \oe-b-Xm-£n, _rl-Zw-_, [¿Ω-kw-
h¿≤\n F∂n-ßs\ hnhn[ t£{X-ß-fnse tZho-
k-¶¬]sØ {]Io¿Øn®pw At±lw Io¿Ø-\-
߃ cNn-®n- p-≠v. sh≈n-bm-gvN-I-fnepw a‰p {][m\
A\p-jvTm\ Znh-k-ß-fnepw At±lw aWn-°q-dp-
I-tfmfw X]:\njvT-tbmsS tZhn-]qP sNbvXn-cp-
∂p-sh∂pw AXn-\p-tijw `mh-k-ºp-jvS-amb
Io¿Ø-\-ß-fm-e-]n-®n-cp-∂p-sh∂pw tcJ-I-fn¬
ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p.
Hcn°¬ ]pXp-t°m-´-bnse _rl-Zw_
t£{X-Øn¬ {]m¿∞\ \nc-X-\mbn \n∂-th-f-
bn¬ Hcp `‡≥ a[p -c -ao -\m£n tZhnsb
{]Io¿Øn®v Io¿Ø-\-߃ cNn-°p-hm-\m-h-iy-s∏-
´p. X©m-hq-cn-se-Øn-b-tijw At±lw 7 IrXn-
Iƒ cNn-°p-Ibpw a[p-c-bn-te-°p≈ bm{Xm-th-f-
bn¬ a‰p c≠p Io¿Ø-\-߃ IqSn ]q¿Øn-bm-
°p-I-bpw, Chsb CW-°n-t®¿Øv \h-c-Xv\-am-enI
F∂ Io¿Ø-\-k-ap-®bw tZhn-°p-ap-ºn¬ Be-]n-
°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. "ambΩ' F∂p XpS-ßp∂
Blcn cmK Io¿Ø-\m-em-]-\-Øn¬ Bth-i-`-cn-
X-\mb Hcp `‡≥ s]s´∂v K¿`-Kr-l-Øn-te°p
IS∂v tZho-in -c - n -e-Wn-bn -®-cp∂ hkv{Xw
imkv{Xn-I-fpsS inc- n¬ AWn-bn-®p. as‰mcp
hy‡n hymfoap-J-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snb Hcp Xw_pcp
kΩm-\n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. tZho-`-‡-\mb hmt§-
b-Im-c\p e`n® AwKo-Im-c-am-bn-am-dnb Cu kw`hw
Ncn-{X-Øm-fp-I-fn¬ ]Xn-™p.
]√hn a’-c-ß-fn-te¿s∏-tS≠n h∂ iyma-
im-kv{Xn-Iƒ, Hcn°¬ "t_m_nen tIihø'
F∂ kwKo-X-⁄-\p-ambn am‰p-c-°p-∂-Xn\p sXm´p
Xte-Zn-hkw tZhn-bpsS kao-]-Øp-\n∂v a\-ap-cpIn
krjvSn® A]q¿Δ cmK-amWv "Nn¥m-aWn'. Cu
cmK-Øn-ep≈ "tZho-t{_m-hm-k-a-b-antX' F∂
Io¿Ø\w I¿Æm-S-I-kw-Ko-X-tem-IØv C∂v Nnc-
]-cn-Nn-X-am-Wv.
tZhnsb ambΩ (F‚ AΩ), PK-Zw-_, X√n,
Aw_, {Xntem-I-amX F-s∂√mw At±lw
kwt_m-[\ sNøp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ inip-Xp-
ey-amb \njv°-f-¶-X-bpw, ]q¿Æ-amb Bfl-k-a¿∏-
W-hpw, tZhn-Z¿i-\-Øn-\pw, A\p-{K-l-Øn-\p-ambn
bmNn-°p∂ Hcp `‡s‚ lrZ-bhpw {]kvXpX
IrXn-I-fn¬ \nd™p \nev°p-∂p.
DZm : 1. amb-Ω-b-\nt\ ]ne-NntX amSvfm-S-dmZ?
\mtXm amSvfm-S-dmZm?
(Rm≥ AΩ-sb∂v hnfn®v Ae-ap-d-bn-Sp-
tºmƒ AtΩ! \o F¥mWv Ft∂m-Sp-cn-
bm-Sm-ØXv?)
\ymbam? ao\m -£n -°-Zn -\n -∂p -hn\
thscZns°-h-cp-∂mcp?
(CXp \ymb-amtWm? \ob-√msX a‰m-cp-
s≠-\n°v?)
(B-l-cn-Ir-Xn-bn¬\n-∂v)
- 35 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
2. \∂p t{_mhp efnX AXnth-Kta
(Fs∂ c£n-®mepw tZhn! F{Xbpw
s]s´∂v Fs∂ c£n-®m-epw)
(e-fn-X-cmK IrXn)
3. tZhn! t{_mh-k-a-b-antX AXn-th-Kta
h®n!
(c-£n-°m-\p≈ ka-b-an-XmWv tZhn,
F{Xbpw s]s´∂p hcp-I)
(Nn-¥m-aWn IrXn)
hnIm-c-Xo-{h-amb CØcw Io¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS
cmK- -Xm-f- -e-b-k-tΩ-f\w A\-\y-am-Wv. hnfw-_nX
eb-Øn¬ kmln-Xy-`mhw cmK-`m-h-tØm-Sn-W-ßn-
t®¿∂v \ne-sIm-≈p-∂p. C°m-c-W-Øm¬ Xs∂,
Cu IrXn-I-fpsS Bem-]\w Xmc-X-tay\ {]bm-
k-ta-dn-b-Xm-Wv. AXn kq£va-amb eb-hy-Xym-kw-
t]mepw Cu IrXn-I-fpsS `mh-Øn\v hn]-co-X-
ambnamdp-∂p.
IrXn-I-fpsS FÆ-Øn¬, imkv{Xn-Iƒ Xs‚
ka-Im-eo-\-cmb XymK-cmP kzman-I-fp-sSbpw apØp-
kzm-an-Zo-£n-X-cp-sSbpw ]nd-In-em-sW-¶nepw Ah-
bpsS krjvSn-ssh-`-hhpw eb-Øn-e-[n-jvTn-X-amb
hnin-jvS-amb LS-\-bp-amWv kwKoX {Xnaq¿Øn-
I-fn¬ At±-l-Øns‚ ÿm\w Dd-∏n-®-Xv.
iyma-im-kv{Xn-Iƒ 300 Hmfw kwKoX cN-\-
Iƒ \n¿Δ-ln-®-Xmbn ]d-bp-∂p-s≠-¶nepw, GI-
tZiw \qtdmfw cN-\-Iƒ am{Xta At±-l-Øns‚
Ime-tijw {]N-cn-®n-cp-∂p-≈q. Ch-bn¬ Xs∂
Npcp-ßnb FÆw am{X-amWv It®-cn-I-fn¬ ]mSn-
∏-Xn-™-h. {]kn-≤-s∏-Sp-Ønb 72 Io¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬,
2 FÆ-sam-gnsI tijn-®h hnhn[ tZho-k-
¶¬∏sØ {]Io¿Øn-°p-∂-h-bm-Wv.
k¶o¿Æ-amb cmK-ß-fn-epw, AXn-ep-]cn
k¶o¿Æ-amb Xmf-ß-fnepw At±lw cN-\-Iƒ
\n¿Δ-ln-®n- p-≠v. injy-∑m-cpsS Zu¿e- y-hpw, Xmf-
{]-kvXm-c -Øn-e-[n -jvTn -X -amb IrXn -I-fpsS
k¶o¿Æ-amb LS-\bpw At±-l-Øns‚ IrXn-I-
fpsS {]Nm-c-Øn\v hnLm-X-ambn Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°-
s∏-Sp-∂p.
F∂m¬, kmln-Xy- m-h-Øn-s‚ emfnXyw Hcp
bYm¿∞ `‡s‚ a\- ns\ sXm´-dn-bm≥ A\p-
hm-N-I¿°v Ah-k-c-sam-cp-°p-∂p. Aan-X-amb
kzmX-{¥y-tØm-sS, Hcp ]n©p-Ip™v Xs‚ amXm-
hn-t\mSp kwh-Zn-°p∂ ssien-bmWv At±-l-
Øns‚ cN-\-I-fn¬ A[n-I-hpw.
a‰p Nne {]tXy-I-X-Iƒ
1. kwkvIr-Xw, Xan-gv, sXep¶v F∂o `mj-Iƒ
IrXn-c-N-\-°mbn D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
2. KW-]-Xnsb kvXpXn-°p∂ Io¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS
A`m-hw.
3. KoXw, h¿Æw, kzc-Pm-Xn, IrXn, kap-Zm-b-IrXn
XpS-ßnb sshhn-[y-amb kwKoX cN-\-Iƒ
4. B\-μ-ss` -chn F∂ cmK-Øn -t\m -Sp≈
{]tXyI B`n-apJyw
5. "ic-`-\-μ\' F∂ \ho-\-Xm-f-Øns‚ cq]o-I-c-
Ww.
iyma-im-kv{Xn-I-fpsS kwKoX krjvSn-Iƒ
_u≤n-Ihpw sshIm-cn-I-hp-amb A\p- hw {]Zm\w
sNøp-∂p. F-Æ-Øn-\-√, anI-hn-\mWv AwKo-Im-c-
sa∂v At±-l-Øns‚ kwKo-X-c-N-\-Iƒ sXfn-bn-
®n-cn-°p-∂p. F√m-‰n-ep-ap-]cn At±-l-Øns‚ tZho-
`‡n thdn´p \ne-sIm-≈p-∂p.
tUm. aRvPp tKm]m¬ : ImeSn {io i¶c kwkvIrX k¿Δ-I-em-im-e-bnse
kwKoX hn`mKw Akn-Â v {]^-k¿.
- 36 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
kzmXn kvarXn-I-fn-eq-sS ...
‘alm-cmP kzmXn-Xn-cp-\mƒ’; B \ma-kva-c-
W-t]mepw Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿ cmP-hw-i-Øns‚
Ctß-b-‰sØ Hcp IWn-I-bm-Im≥ mKyw kn≤n®
Fs‚ a\- n¬ A`n-am-\hpw Bfl-\n¿hr-Xnbpw
\nd-bv°p-∂p.
`mc-Xob kwKoX KwK, lnμp-ÿm-\n,
I¿Wm-SnIv F∂o c≠p
ssIh-gn-I-fmbn A\¿Kfw
HgpIp-∂p. F∂m¬ ]e-
t∏mgpw Cu kwKoX ]≤-
Xn-Iƒ XΩn-ep≈ InS-a-’-
c-ßfpw hnhn[ Lcm-\-Ifpw
At\Iw _mWn-Ifpw Rm≥
aotX Rm≥ aotX F∂-co-
Xn -bn¬ \nc¿∞-I-ambn
hmZn -°p -tºmgpw ip≤
kwKo-XsØ Bcm-[n-°p∂
bYm¿∞ kwKoX a\- p-
Iƒ Akz-ÿ-am-Im-dp-≠v.
Cu kwKoX sshhn-
[y -ß-tfbpw Ah-bpsS
am[p-cy-sØbpw tZi-Ime
hyXy m -k -߃°∏pd w
s\t©‰nb alm-cm-Pm-hm-bn-
cp∂p kzmXn -Xn -cp -\mƒ.
AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ Cu c≠v kwKo-X-[mc-
Iƒ°pw sNdp-X-√mØ kw`m-h-\-Iƒ \¬Im≥
At±-lØns‚ kwKoX Pohn-X-Øn\v km[n-®p.
kwKoX ]nXm-als\-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ ]pc-μ-
c-Zm-k¿ ]mSnb hcn-I-fn-¬ \n∂pw {]tNm-Z\w
Dƒs°m-≠nt´m F∂-ptXm-∂p-amdv kzmXn-Xn-cp-\mƒ
AizXn Xncp-\mƒ cma-h¿Ω
\rØ-kw-Ko-X-Ønepw Xs‚ hy‡n-ap{Z ]Xn-∏n-®n-
cp-∂p.
X©m-hq-cn¬ \n∂pw D≈ Hcp \rØ hnZp-
jn-bm-bn-cp∂ kpμ-c-e£van F∂ \¿Ø-Insb
Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn-se-Øn®v Hcp ZsØ-Sp-°-en-eqsS
Xs‚ dmWn-bmbn kzoI-cn-®p. Xm≥ cNn®v Nn -s∏-
Sp-Ønb \nc-h[n ]Z-ßfpw
Pmh-en-Ifpw \rØ-cq-]-Øn-
em-°m≥ a\- p-Im-Wn® B
alm-flm-hns\ Iem-tem-I-
Øn\v Fßs\ ad-°m-\m-Ipw.
C { X b p w s I m ≠ v
At±lw kwKo-X-k-]-cy -
bn¬ am{Xw a\ v ka¿∏n-
®n-cp∂ Hcp cmPm-hm-bn-cp-∂p-
sh∂v [cn-°-cp-Xv. Xncp-hn-
Xmw-Iq-dn¬ `c-W-cw-KØv
Imtem-Nn-X-amb ]e-]-cn -
jvIm-c-ßfpw \S-∏n-em-°nb
`c-Wm-[n -Im-cn -Iq -Sn -bm-bn -
cp∂p kzmXn -Xn -cp -\mƒ.
{]mIr-X-ß-fmb ipNo{μw
ssIap°v, Nn{X-h[w XpS-
ßnb A\m-Nm -c -߃
\n¿Ø-em -°n Xs‚
cmPysØ Ime-Øn-s\m∏w \oßm≥ {]m]vXam-
°nb `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp∂p At±-lw.
Ct∏mƒ Gsd hnhm-Z-߃°v Xncn-sIm-fp-
Øn-bn-´p≈ {io]-fl-\m` kzman t£{X \ne-h-d-
I-fnse a-lm-\n-[n-sb-°p-dn®v B¿°pw F¥pw ]d-
bm-hp∂ ÿnXn-bm-Wt√m!
- 37 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
F∂m¬ hne-a-Xn-°m-\m-ImØ kwKoX alm-
\n[n Xs∂ ]n≥X-e-ap-dbv°v kΩm-\n® alm-cmP
kzmXn-Xn-cp-\mƒ I¿Wm-SI kwKo-X-Øn¬ Xs∂
Xm\-h¿Æw, ]Z-h¿Æw, kzc-PXn, Io¿Ø-\w, cmK-
am-en-I, ]Zw, Pmh-en, Xn√m\ F∂n-ßs\ F√m
imJ-I-fnepw Xt‚-Xmb kw`m-h-\-Iƒ \¬In-bn-
´p-s≠-¶nepw injy-{]-injy ]c-º-c-I-fpsS A`m-h-
Øn¬ Cu krjvSn-I-fn¬ ]eXpw Ah-bpsS
bYm¿∞ mh-Øn¬ \n∂pw amdnadn-™n-cn-°p-∂p.
kzcm-£cw
kzmXn-Ir-Xn-I-fpsS X\na injy-]-c-º-c-I-
fpsS A`m-h-Øn¬ \jvS-s∏-s´-¶nepw At±-l-
Øns‚ "kzcm-£cw' F∂ {]tbmKw IrXn-I-fpsS
kzc-{]-tbmKhpw kmlnXy `wKnbpw Cg-tN¿∂v
Hcp {]tXyI hiyX \¬Ip-∂p.
km \n[n-]Xn Knco-i........ F∂ kzcm-£-c-
{]-tbmKw {i≤n-®m¬ Cu ka-\z -b-Øns‚
kuμcyw Bkz-Zn-°m-\m-hpw. Cu Io¿Ø-\-Øns‚
kzc-{]-tbmKw kmln-Xy-hp-ambn CgpIn tNcp-∂-
Xns‚ Bkzm-ZyX- H∂pthsd Xs∂-bm-Wv.
km \n [ ] a K cn k F∂ kzc-k-©m-c-
Øn\v tbmPn-®-hn-[-Øn¬ km \n[n-]Xn Knco-i.....
F∂v at\m-l-c-amb kmlnXyw k∂n-th-in-∏n-®n-
cn-°p-∂p.
CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ kzcm-£c {]tbm-K-߃
BZy-Im-e-ß-fn¬ apØp-kzman Zo£n-Xcpw ]n∂oSv
Fs‚ Kpcp-\m-Y-\mb tUm. Fw. _me-ap-cfn
IrjvWbpw BWv sNbvXp-tI-´n-´p-≈-Xv.
_me-ap-cfo IrjvW-bpsS ""tXmUn''bnep≈
e£vao-tZ-hnsb kvXpXn-°p∂ am.....am\n-\n......
F∂ IrXn Gsd {]Nm-c-Øn-ep≈ kzcm-£c
{]tbm-K-am-Wv.
GXm\pw Nne kzmXn-Ir-Xn-Iƒ ]n∂oSv lcn-
tI-i-s\-√q¿ apØø `mK-h-X¿, ap ncn kp{_-“-
Wy-A-ø¿, siΩm-¶pSn {io\n-hm-k-A-ø¿ XpS-ßnb
{]K-¤¿ Nn -s∏-SpØn ]mSn {]N-cn-∏n-®n- p-≠v.
XymK-cm-P-Ir-Xn-Iƒt]mepw CØ-c-Øn¬
am‰n-a-dn°-s∏-´n-´p-≠v. ""kwKo-X-⁄m-\ap `‡n-hn-
\m..'' Io¿Ø\w CØ-c-Øn¬ 1950Ifn-setßm
ho≠pw Nn´-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn.
AXn-\p-tijw Fw.-Un. cma-\m-Y\pw ]n∂oSv
Ct∏mƒ Fs‚ Kpcp-\m-Y\pw B IrXn-I-fpsS
bYm¿∞ `mh-`w-Kn-bn¬ ]mSp-tºmƒ ]e Bkzm-
Z-Icpw CXmWv ]pXnb coXn-sb-∂p-t]mepw [cn-
°p-∂p-≠v.
kzmXn-Xn-cp-\mƒ sXep-¶v, ae-bm-fw, I∂-
U, lnμn F∂o `mj-I-fn¬ At\Iw IrXn-Iƒ
kΩm-\n-®n-´p-≠v. \hcm{Xn aWvU]Øn\v am{X-
ambn 9 kc-kzXn Io¿Ø-\-ßfpw \h-hn-[-`-
‡nsb {]Io¿Øn-°p∂ 9 Io¿Ø-\-ßfpw Gsd
{]i-kvX-am-Wv.
\h-hn[ ‡n-Iƒ kwKo-X-Øn-te°v k∂n-
th-in-∏n-®-t∏mƒ alm-cm-Pmhv ""kJy''-Øn\v BWv
{]mapJyw \¬In-b-Xv.
Akm-am-\y-amb Bfl-hn-izm-k-tØmsS K-
hms\ Bfl-kp-lr-Ømbn I≠p-sIm-≠mWv
At±lw IrXn-Iƒ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-Xv.
irwKm-c-]-Z-߃sIm≠v a\p-jy-a-\- ns\ Xc-
fn-X-am-°p-tºmgpw ""Imcyw-hn\m \ Imc-Ww..'' F∂
XXz-Nn-¥-bn-e-[n-jvTn-X-amb kmln-Xy-`m-hhpw
kzmXn-Xn-cp-\m-fns‚ Xqen-I Xpºn-eqsSbmWv
kwKo -X -Nn -dIv hncn -® -X v . Ch-bn¬ Nne-
AizXn Xncp-\mƒ cma-h¿Ω It®cn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂p
- 38 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
Xns‚sb¶nepw bYm¿∞ Nn´-kz-c-ß-fpsS Bte-
J\w sNbvX-h-cn-Iƒ Hcp {]ikvX kwKo-X-⁄-
bpsS Iøn¬ D≠v.
alm-cm-Pm-hns‚ alm-`q-cn-]£w IrXn-I-fp-
sSbpw tcJm-¶nX ]I¿∏p-Iƒ \jvS-s∏-s´-∂n-
cns° Cu A]q¿Δ IrXn-I-fpsS tiJ-cw, Xncp-
hn-Xmw-Iq¿ cmP-Ip-Spw-_mwKw F∂ ]cn-K-W-\-bv°-
∏pdw Hcp kwKoX hnZym¿∞n F∂ \ne-bn¬
Ah-cpsS Iøn¬ Ds≠∂v ]d-bp∂ B hne-a-Xn-
°m-\m-ImØ BteJ-\-߃ H∂pIm-Wm-s\-
¶nepw A\p-h-Zn-°-W-sa∂ Fs‚ At]£ B
kwKoX hnZpjn \njvI-cpWw \nc-kn®p. Cu kw -
hsØ F∂Xv B[p-\nI kwKoX temIØv \ne-
\n¬°p∂ A\m-tcm -Ky -I -c -amb ]c-kv]-c -
kv]¿≤bv°v Hcp km£y-]-{X-ambn Icp-Xmw.
I¿Æm-SI kwKo-X-sØ-t∏mse Xs∂
lnμp-ÿm\n kwKo-X-sØbpw {]W-bn® kzmXn-
Xn-cp-\mƒ \nc-h[n ]Z-߃ B kwKo-X-im-
Jbv°pw kw`m-h\ sNbvXp. tZh\v tI ]-Xn- C-
{μm.... XpS-ßnb lnμp-ÿm\n IrXn-Iƒ Chbv°v
DØ-tam-Zm-l-c-W-ßfmm-Wv.
lnμp-ÿm\n kwKo-X-Ønse ""Xcm\''
{]tbm-K-߃ amXr-I-bm°n kzmXn-Xn-cp-\mƒ
At\Iw Xn√m-\-Iƒ Nn´-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v.
IptN-tem-]m-Jym\w, APm-an-tfm-]m-Jym\w
XpS-ßnb kwKo-tX-Xc kmln-Xy-Ir-Xn-Ifpw
kym\-μqc]pc-h¿Æ\w F∂ `‡n-Im-hyhpw
kzmXnXncp-\m-fns‚ kmlnXy kw`m-h-\-I-fm-Wv.
CsXm-s°-bm-sW-¶nepw Cu alm-{]-Xn-`-
bpsS kzXzsØt∏mepw tNmZyw sNøm≥ ss[cyw
ImWn® Fkv. _me-Nμ-dn-s\-t∏m-ep≈ ""alm-{]-
Xn`''Ifpw D≠mbn F∂Xv hn[n-ssh-]-co-Xy-sat∂
]d-tb-≠q.
F∂m¬ Chn-sSbpw Hcp \ntbm-Kw-t]mse
B¿.-]n. cmPm (B¿. {]Xm-]-knw-l-cmP) F∂
Hcp Kth-j-W-Ip -XpIn \yq sse‰v˛Hm¨
kzmXnXncp\mƒ F∂ Xs‚ IrXn-bn-eqsS sshWo-
I-\m-bn-cp∂ Fkv. _me-N-μ¿ Db¿Ønb Hmtcm
ASn-ÿm-\-c-ln-X-ß-fmb Btcm-]-W-߃°pw
B[n-Im-cn-I- ]-T-\-Øn-eq-∂nb adp-]-Sn-Iƒ \nc-Øn.
am{X-a√ CXn-s\√mw ]pdsa kzmXn-kw-KoX
alXzw hnfn-®-dn-bn-°p∂ A{]-Im-in-X-ß-fmb
At\Iw khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ khn-kvXcw Db¿Øn-
Im-´p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
injy-{]-injy ]c-º-c-I-fpsS A`m-hhpw
hn[n-ssh-]-cn-Xyhpw Hcp kwKoX N{I-h¿Øn-bpsS
ka-{K-kw- m-h-\-Isf \njv{]- -am-°m≥ {ian-®m-epw,
PK-∂n-b-¥m-hmb B \n¿h-N-\m-XoX tXP- v,
hy‡n-I-fn-eq-sStbm kw`-h-ß-fn-eq-sStbm Hcp
\ntbm-K-cq-]-Øn¬ kwKoX Ncn-{X-Ønse ""LS
Zo]'' ambn amdn-tb-°pam-bn-cp∂ B s]m≥sh´w
h¿≤nX tim`-tbmsS \ap°v ap∂n¬ Ah-X-cn-
∏n®p F∂Xv \ΩpsS alm`m-Kyw.
\h-cm{Xn kwKo-X-a-WvU-]w......
kzmXn-Xn-cp-\m-fn-\p ap≥]p-X-s∂ Iº-cm-am-
bW I¿Øm-hmb Iº¿ thWmSv alm-cm-Pm-hn\p
sIm-SpØ kc-kzXo hn{K-l-am-bn-cp∂p \h-cm{Xn
aWvU-]-Øn\p Imc-W-amb Imcyw.
- 39 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
]fl-\m-`-]pcw sIm´mc-Øn¬ \h-cm{Xn
aWvU-]-Øn-em-bn-cp∂p BZy-Ime kwKoX kZ-
p-Iƒ. Xm≥ FhnsS Bbmepw AhnsS \h-cm{Xn
aWvU]w Hcp°pw F∂m-bn-cp∂p alm-cm-Pmhv
Iº¿°v sImSpØ hm°v. D’h hn{K-l-Øn-\p-]-
Icw Iº¿ ]qPm-ap-dn-bn¬ kq£n-®n-cp∂ aqe
hn{Klw Xs∂sIm≠p-h-∂p. AΩ alm-dm-Wn-bm-
bn-cp∂ tkXp ]m¿ΔXn `mbn-bpsS Imew apX¬
]fl\m- -]pcw sIm´m-c-Ønse \h-cm{Xn aWvU-]-
Øn¬ ap√-aqSp `mK-h-X¿am-cmWv It®cn Ah-X-cn-
∏n-®p-h-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ Ign™ \q‰m-≠ns‚ BZy
]IpXn apX¬ ]fl-\m- -kzman t£{X-Øn\p apºn-
ep≈ kwKoX aWvU-]-Øn¬ {]K-¤-cmb ap ncn
kp{_-“Wy Aø¿, alm-cm-P-]pcw hniz-\mY
Aø¿, Pn.-F≥.-_n., Fw.-Un. B¿. XpS-ßnb {]ap-
J¿ ]s¶-SpØp XpS-ßn. A°m-e-ß-fn¬ {]K-¤-
cmb Cu Kmb-I¿ {][m\ Io¿Ø\w Ah-X-cn-∏n-
°p-tºmƒ kwKo-X-⁄¿ IqSn-bmb t{imXm-°ƒ
Io¿Ø-\-Øns‚ GXm\pw `mK-߃ ]mSp-am-bn-cp-
∂p. A°m-esØ t{imXm-°fpw t]sc-SpØ kwKo-
X-⁄-cm-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ aWvU-]-
Ønse It®-cn-I-fpsS \ne-hmcw hfsc hfsc Db-
c-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p. am{X-a√ A°m-esØ kZ- p-Iƒ
ka-b-_-≤-ambncp∂n-√-Xm-\pw.
]n∂oSv Bƒ C¥ym tdUntbm XpS-ßn-
bXn\p Gsd ap≥]v {Smh≥Iq¿ tdmUntbm \ne-
hn¬ h∂-Xn\pti-j-amWv \h-cm{Xn aWvU-]-
Ønse kZ- p-Iƒ X¬k-abw kwt{]-jWw
sNbvXp XpS-ßn-b-Xv. At∏mƒ apX¬ IrXyw 6.00
aWn°v XpS-ßp∂ It®cn IrXyw 8.30\v Xocp-am-
bn-cp-∂p. X’-ab kwt{]-jWw F∂ H‰°m-
cWwsIm≠mWv ka-b-¢n-]vX-X-sIm-≠p-h-∂-Xv.
A√msX Cu ka-b-¢n-]vXX°v A\p-jvTm-\-]-ctam
A√m-sXtbm D≈ Hcp Imc-W-hp-an-√.
]n∂oSv CS-bvs°-t∏mtgm X’-ab kwt]-
jWw F∂ coXn- amdn cm{Xn 9.30\v aWvU-]-Ønse
It®-cn-Iƒ kwt{]-jWw sNøp-hm≥ XpS-ßn.
Fs‚ A`n-{]m-b-Øn¬ Cu coXn-bn¬
kwt{]-jW kabw am‰n-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v ka-
b-¢n-]vX-X-bpsS A\m-hiy \nb-{¥Ww Bh-iy-
an√ F∂p Xs∂-bm-Wv F¶nepw Ct∏mgpw AXv
Aßs\-Xs∂ XpS-cp-∂p.
F∂m¬ Rm≥ Ct∏mƒ aWvU-]-Ønse
Kmb-I-cp -ambn kplr-Z v_‘w ]pe¿Øp∂
Hscfnb Kmb-I-\m-b-Xn-\m¬ kZ- ns‚ Ah-km\
]mZ-Øn¬ ]mSp∂ Io¿Ø-\-Øns‚ Nc-Wtam ]√-
hntbm ]mSp-∂Xv 8.30\v tij-am-sW-¶n¬t]mepw
aWn-b-Sn®v kZ v \n¿Øm≥ A\p-h-Zn-°m-dn-√.
AXv A\p-jvTm\]c-amb Hcpho-gvNbpw hcm-ØXv
BsW∂v Gh¿°pw Adn-bmw.
tdUntbm {]t£-]-W-Øns‚ kz`m-h-sØ-
°p-dn®v F\n°v Nne hyXykvX A`n-{]m-b-ß-fp-
≠v. aWvU-]-Ønse kZ- nse Io¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬
kzmXn-Xn-cp-\mƒ Hmtcm Znh-k-߃°-\p-k-cn®v
FgpXn Xøm-dm-°nb {][m\ Io¿Ø-\-߃ Xs∂-
bmWv h¿jm-h¿jw tdUntbm {]t£-]Ww hgn
t{imXm-°sf tIƒ∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. 6
apX¬ 8.30 hsc \h-cm{XnIfn¬ aWvU-]-Øn¬
Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂ It®-cn-I-fn¬ {ihW a[p-c-ß-
fmb F{Xtbm Io¿Ø-\-߃ {][m\ IrXn°p
]pdsa Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p-h-cp-∂p. CXn¬ hyXy-kvX-
X-bm¿∂Xpw A]q¿Δ-ß-fp-amb IrXn-Iƒ {]t£-
]Ww sNøp-I-bm -sW-¶n¬ AØcw IrXn -
]fl-\m- -]pcw sIm´mcw
- 40 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
Iƒ°qSn {]Nm-c-Øn-em-Ipw. ]s£ Ime-ß-fmbn
XpS-cp∂ Nne amaq-ep-Iƒ am‰p-∂-Xn¬ BIm-i-
hm-Wn°pw a‰p-]-e¿°pw Hcp ]s£ ssha-\-ky-
ap-≠m-Imw.
FÆ-hn-f-°ns‚ kz¿Æ-tim-`-bn¬ tZhn-
bpsS ap∂n¬ Hcp `‡≥ \S-Øp∂ \mtZm-]m-k-
\-bmbn am{X-amWv \h-cm{Xn aWvU-]-Ønse
kwKoX kZ- p-Isf IW-°m-°p-∂-Xv. a‰v sshZypX
Zo]m-e-¶m-c-ßtfm tLmjtam Chn-sS-bn-√.
ssIøSn-tbm, ‘t`jv t`jv’ {]tbm-Ktam C√msX
`‡nbpw {i≤bpw am{Xw a\- n¬ \nd-®mWv
kwKo-X-⁄cpw t{imXm-°fpw aWvU-]-Øn¬,
kwKoX \nan-j-ß-fn¬, kzbw ad-∂n-cn-°p-I.
Fs‚ Ip´n-°m-eØv Rm≥ tI´p-Xp-S-ßnb
kwKoX kZ- p-I-sf√mw Xs∂ \h-cm{Xn aWvU-
]-Øn-te-Xm-Wv. B A]q¿Δ kwKoX \nan-j-ß-
fn¬ Fs‚ Hm¿Ω-bpsS sN∏n¬ Rm≥ \n[n-
t]mse kq£n®n´p≈ \nan-j-߃ Fw.-Un. cma-
\m-Ys‚ It®-cn-I-fm-Wv.
Fw.-Un. Bdns‚ Ccn∏pw i_vZ-Kmw- o-cyhpw
kwKo-X-Ønse AXo-{μn-b- m-hhpw A∂pw C∂pw
Fs‚ a\- n¬ \nd™p \n¬°p-∂p. cmKw,
Xm\w, ]√-hn-bn¬ "Xm\'Øn\v arZwKw hmbn-
°p∂ ]Xnhv \h-cm{Xn aWvU-]-Ønse kZ- p-
I-fpsS {]tXy-I-X-bm-Wv.
Hcn°¬ ]me-°mSv aWn Aø¿ a{Zmkv
ayqknIv A°m-Z-an-bn¬ arZwKw hmbn-°p∂ ka-
bØv Hcmkzm-Z-I≥ "Xm\'Øn\v arZwKw hmbn-®p-
tIƒ°m≥ B{Klw {]I-Sn-∏n-®-t∏mƒ "Xncp-h-\-
¥-]pcw \h-cm{Xn aWvU-]-Øn¬ h∂m¬
tIƒ∏n°mw' F∂m-bn-cp∂p alm-\mb arZwK N{I-
h¿Øn-bpsS adp-]-Sn. \h-cm{Xn aWvU-]-hp-ambn
aWn Aø¿°p≈ Bfl _‘-Øns‚ as‰mcp
\nan-jhpw ]d-bmsX hø. aWn Aø-cpsS Pohn-
X-Øn¬ BZy-ambn, {]ikvX hb-en≥ {Xbw F∂v
Adn-b-s∏- n-cp∂ F¬. kp{_-“-Wyw, F¬. i¶¿,
F¬. sshZy-\m-Y≥ F∂n-h-tcm-sSm∏w FUn≥_-
tdm-bn¬ It®-cn°p t]mIm≥ Ah-kcw D≠mbn.
aWvU-]-Ønse It®-cn-bpsS ka-b-am-bn-cp-s∂-
¶nepw \n¿_-‘-Øn\p hgßn aWn Aø¿
FUn≥_-tdm-bn-seØn \h-cm{Xn XpS-ßn-b-
tXmsS aWn Aø-cpsS FUn≥_-tdm-bnse Xma-
k-ÿ-eØp\n∂v Hcp sSe{Kmw FØn; “I amcoming” F∂m-bn-cp∂p D≈-S-°w.
\h-cm{Xn aWvU-]-Ønse 9 kZ- p-I-fn-
sebpw arZwKw Xocp-am-\n-®p-I-gn-™n-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw
hb-en≥ {Xb-tØm-sSm-∏-ap≈ hntZi kwKoX kZ-
p-a-Xn-bm°n ]d-s∂-Ønb ]me-°m´v aWn
Aø¿°pth≠n Hcp Iem-Im-c≥ thZn- H-gn-™p-
sIm-Sp-Øp. F∂m¬ C∂p- t\sc Xncn®pw kw -hn-
°p-∂p-≠v. aWvU-]-Ønse It®-cn°v XobXn
\¬In-b-Xn-\p-tijw AXv Iym≥k¬ sNbvXp
hntZ-iØv ^yqj≥ ayqknIv Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m≥
t]mIp∂ Iem-Im-c≥am-scbpw F\n°v ASp-Ø-dn-
bm≥ Ign-™p.
aWvU-]-Øn¬ Ign™ Ipsd-°m-e-ambn
It®-cn-I-fpsS \ne-hmcw Db¿∂p XpS-ßn-bn-´p-≠v.
AΩ alm-dmWn Bbn-cp∂p BZy-Ime aWvU]
It®-cn-Iƒ \S-Øp-∂-Xn¬ ap≥ssI FSp-Øn-cp-
∂-Xv. hb-en≥ Sn.-F≥. IrjvW≥ aWvU-]-Øn¬
]°w hmbn-°p-tºmƒ 9 hb- p≈ 4˛mw ¢mkp-
Im-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p.
IpXnc amfnI
- 41 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
AizXn Xncp-\mƒ cma-h¿Ω : Xncp-hn-Xm-w-Iq¿ cmP-Ip-Spw-_mw-Kw, {]ikvX
kwKo-X-⁄≥, \h-cm{Xn aWvU-]w, kzmXn kwKo-tXm-’hw F∂n-h-bpsS
apJy kwLm-S-I≥
alm-dm-Wn-bpsS ImeØv sNssº sshZy-
\mY `mK-h-X¿, NuUø XpS-ßnbhsc√mw Ah-
cpsS Iuamc°me-Øm-bn-cp∂p, Du¿÷-kze-amb
Ah-cpsS Ign-hp-Iƒ aWvU-]-Øn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-
®n-cp-∂-Xv.
alm-dm-WnbpsS Ime-tijw Cu {]Xn- -Iƒ
HmtcmcpØ-cmbn a¨a-d™p XpS-ßn-b-tXmsS
]pXnb {]Xn-`-Isf Is≠-Øm≥ Bfn-√m-Xm-bn.
]n∂oSv aWvU-]-Øn¬ kZ v Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m≥
Ign-™Xv AΩ alm-dm-Wn-bpsS ]n≥ap-d-°m¿°v
XmXv]cyw D≈-hcpw As√-¶n¬ Ah¿°p ap∂n¬
sh≈nØ -Øn¬ Xncp-ap¬ImgvN \¬Ip∂hcp-am-
bn-cp-∂p. AXp-sIm≠pXs∂ kwKoX kZ- ns‚
\ne-hmcw Xmtg-°p-t]m-bn.
CØ-c-Øn¬ Xncp-ap¬ImgvN \¬In kZ- p-
I-fn¬ CSw-t\-Snbhsc Hgnhm-°m≥ Rm≥ Hcp
Imc-W-°m-c-\mbn. am{X-a√, alm-dm-Wn-bpsS
ImeØv XpS-ßn-h® Iuam-c-°m-cpsS thZn F∂
JymXn hos≠-Sp°p-hm\pw Rm≥ {i≤n-®p.
kRvPbv kp{_-aWyw XpS-ßnb Du¿÷-kz-e-
cmb kwKoX {]Xn-`-Isf aWvU-]-Øn¬ Ah-X-
cn-∏n-°m≥ {ian-®p. \h-cm{Xn aWvU-]-Ønse Iem-
Im-c-∑m¿°p≈ {]Xn- ew, 1930˛I-fn¬, A∂-sØ-
°m-eØv \ne-hn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ {]Xn-^-e-ß-fn¬
G‰hpw IqSp-X-em-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ Ime-Øn-\-\p-
k-cn®v am‰w hcp-Øn-bn´n-√. Rm≥ Npa-X-e-°m-c-\mb
1980-˛90 ImeØv 750/˛ Bbn-cp -∂p. ]n∂oSv
AXn-\p-am‰w hcp-Øm≥ {ian-®p. am{X-a√ Iem-Im-c-
∑msc Xnc-s™-Sp -°p∂ coXn -bnepw am‰w
hcp-Øn.
ChnsS kzmXn-Ir-Xn-I-fpsS {]Nm-c-Øn¬
kzbw Xev]-c-cmbhcpw aWvU-]-Øns‚ kv\nKv[-
Xbpw im¥-Xbpw Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-hcpw Bb Iem-
Im-c-∑msc IqSp-X¬ ]s¶-Sp -∏n -°m≥ BWv
Ct∏mƒ R߃ {i≤n-°p-∂-Xv. \h-cm{Xn aWvU-
]-Øn¬ kv{XoI-fpsS i_vZw apg-°nb kwLm-S-
I≥ F∂v Rm≥ Adn-b-s∏-´p. am{X-a√ F≥. ca-
Wn-bpsS ]p√m-¶p-gepw ‰n.-F≥. IrjvWs‚ hb-
en\pw chn-In-c-W-ns‚ tKm´p-hm-Zyhpw aWvU-]-
Øn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-p. AXn\p-tijw ]md-ime
s]m∂-Ωmƒ aWvU-]-Øn¬ kZ v Ah-X-cn-∏n-
®p. am{X-a√, BZy-Im-e-ß-fn¬ kv{XoI-fmb
t{imXm-°ƒ aWvU-]-Øn\p ]pdØv BWv Ccp-
∂n-cp-∂-Xv. C∂v B Ah-ÿbv°pw am‰w h∂n-´p-
≠v.
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i\n-bm-gvN-tXm-dp-ap≈ \ma-k-¶o¿Ø-\-Øn¬]s¶-Sp-°p-hm≥ F√m ‡-P-\-ß-tfmSpw A`y¿∞n-°p-∂p.
- 42 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
tUm. {ioh’≥ sP. tat\m≥
It®cn [¿Ωw
h¿Æw apX¬ Xn√m\ hsc-bp≈ kwKo-X-
-I-t®-cn-bpsS LS\ almkwKoX hnZzm-\mb {io.
Acn-b-°pSn cmam-\pP Aø-¶m¿ \ap°v ]I¿∂p
X∂n´v Ct∏mƒ GXm≠v \qdv h¿j-߃ Bbn-
cn-°p-∂p. Cu LS-\-tbmSv \oXn ]pe¿Øp-hm≥
I¿Wm-SI kwKo-X-⁄¿°v Ign-™n- p≠v F∂Xv
CXns‚ {]m[m-\yhpw {]mtbm-Kn-I-Xbpw \sΩ
]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. sNdnb Nne ]co-£-W-ß-sfm-gn-
®m¬ It®-cn-I-fn¬ LS-\m-]-c-amb am‰-ß-sfm∂pw
Xs∂ kw`-hn-®n-´n-√. F∂m¬ Cu N´-°q-Sn-\p-
≈n¬ \n∂p-sIm≠v [mcmfw ]co-£-W-߃ \S-
Øn-bn-´p-ap-≠v. Fs‚ Kpcp-\m-Y≥ bi:ico-c-\mb
{io s\øm-‰n≥Ic hmkp-tZ-h≥ kmdns‚ ]Ÿmhv
]n≥Xp-S¿∂p-sIm-≠p≈ k{º-Zmb LS-\-bmWv
ChnsS ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂-Xv. CXv ]d-bp-tºmƒ
hmkp-tZ-h≥ kmdns‚ {][m\ Kpcp-°-∑m-cmb {io.
siΩm-¶pSn {io\n-hmk Aø¿°pw, cma-\mSv
IrjvW\pw ssien-]-camb hyXym-k-ß-fp-≠m-bn-
cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw LS-\m-]-c-amb kmayX D≠v
F∂p-≈Xv {it≤-b-am-Wv. hyXykvX ssien-Iƒ
D≈ Fw. -Un. cma -\m -Y -\pw, a[p -ssc -aWn
Aø¿°pw, Un.-sI. ]´-Ωm-fn-\pw, LS-\m-]-c-amb
sFIyw \ne-\n¿Øp-hm≥ Ccp-]Xmw \q‰m-≠nse
cmam-\pP Aø-¶m-cpsS ]cn-jvIm-c-Øn\v km[n-®p.
GI-tZiw 3˛4 aWn-°q-dp-Iƒ \o≠p-\n¬°p∂
I¿Wm-SI kwKoX k{º-Zmb It®cn LS-\-bn-
eqsS H∂v ItÆm-Sn-°mw.
It®cn XpS-ßp-∂Xv BZn-Xm-f-Øntem AS-
Xm-f-Øntem D≈ h¿Æ-Øn¬ \n∂m-Wv. CXv
c≠v Ime-Øn¬ ]mSp-∂-XmWv ]Xn-hv. It®-cn-
bpsS taf-s°m-gp-∏n\v XpS°w Ipdn-°p-hm≥ CXv
{][m-\-am-sW∂v ]d-bp-sa-¶nepw h¿Æw IrXy-X-
tbm-sSbpw kq£va-X-tbm-sSbpw ]mtS≠ H∂mWv.
cmK-kz-cq]w apgp-h-\mbn ImWn-®p-X-cp-∂-h-bmWv
h¿Æ-߃. cmK-Øns‚ k©m-cw, {]tbm-K-߃
F∂o hni-Zmw-i-ßsf h¿Æ-߃ sIm≠v hy‡-
am-°p∂p. {io. em¬KpSn Pb-cm-a≥, sslZ-c-_mZv
{_tZgvkv F∂o alm-kw-Ko-X-⁄¿ h¿Æ-ßsf
hfsc at\m-l-c-ambn ssIImcyw sNøp-∂-h-cm-
Wv. KW-]Xn kvXpXn-bmWv ASp-Ø-Xv. hnLv\-
- 43 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
߃ Hgnhm°n
apt∂m- p≈ {]bmWw
kpK-a-am-°p-hm≥ alm-
K-W-]-Xnsb kvXpXn-
°p-∂Xv \ΩpsS ]mc-
º-cy -Øns‚ Xs∂
`mK-am-W-t√m. \m´,
Kuf, lwk-[z\n
F∂o cmK-ßsf
Bkv]-Z-am-°n-bn- p≈
KtW-i-kvXp -Xn -bm-
sW-¶n¬ It®-cn -
bpsS Bcw-` -Øn\v
Kmw`o-cy-ta-dpw. CXn-\p-
tijw kc-kzXn
kvXpXntbm tZho
kvXpXntbm ]mSpI ]Xn-hm-Wv. {iocm-Kw, Im\-
U, ATmW F∂o cmK-ß-fn-ep≈ tZho Io¿Ø-
\-߃ Cu ÿm\Øv ]mSp-hm≥ A\p-tbm-Py-am-
Wv. BZysØ cmKm-em-]\w {lkz-ambn Cu tZho-
kvXp-Xn°v apt∂m-Sn-bmbn ]mSm-hp-∂-XmWv KW-
]Xn kvXpXn°pw tZho-kvXp-Xn°pw at\m-[¿Ω-
kzcw km[m-c-W-bmbn kwKo-X-⁄¿ ]mSn-
t°ƒ°m-dp-≠v. XpS¿∂v taf-s°m-gp-∏n-\p-th≠n
{ZpX-K-Xn-bn-ep≈ Hcp sNdnb IrXnbpw Kmw`o-cy-
ap≈ Hcp ]Xn™ Ime IrXnbpw ]mSmw. Zo£n-
X¿, iyma-imkv{Xn IrXn-Iƒ Iogv°m-e-Øn¬
]mSp-hm≥ ]‰nb al-XvIo¿Ø-\-ß-fm-Wv. c≠m-
asØ {][m\ cmKm-em-]\w (submain) A©m-a-
\mbn hcn-Ibpw CXns\ XpS¿∂v IrXnbpw at\m-
[¿Ω \nc-hepw kzchpw ]mSmw. k_vsa-bn-\n-
\mbn Xnc-s™-Sp-°p∂ cmKw ]n∂o-Sp≈ {][m\
cmKsØ B{i-bn-®n-cn-°pw. {][m\ cmKw ip≤-a-
[y-a-cm-K-ß-fmb (sN-dnb "a') Imwt_m-Pn, i¶-cm-
`-c-Ww, tXmSn, ss`c-hn F∂n-h-sb-¶n¬ k_vsa-
bn≥ {]Xn-a-[ya cmK-ß-fmb (h-enb "a') ]¥p-h-
cm-fn, ]q¿Δn I√ym-Wn, hcmfn F∂o cmK-ß-fn-
ep≈ Io¿Ø\w Xnc-s™-Sp-°mw. F∂m¬
{][m\ cmKw {]Xn-a-[ya cmK-ß-fmb I√ym-Wn,
j¨ap-J-{]nb F∂n-h-bm-sW-¶n¬ k_vsa-bn≥
B\μ ss`c-hn, coXn-Ku-f, ilm\ F∂o cmK-
ß-fnse IrXn-bm-bn-cn°pw DØ-aw. Aßs\ "a'
F∂ kzcw ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-s°m≠v 72 taf
I¿Øm-cm-K-ßsf 36 ip≤-a-[y-a-cm-K-ß-fmbpw 36
{]Xn-a-[y-a-cm-K-ß-fmbpw hn`-Pn-°p-∂-Xv t]mse
It®cn ]≤-Xn-bnepw "a' F∂ a[ya kzcw \n¿Æm-
b-I-amb Hcp ]¶v hln-°p-∂Xv ImWmw. ta¬∏-
d™ cmK-߃ DZm-l-c-W-߃ am{X-amWv ae-b-
am-cp-Xw, heNn t]mep≈ cmK-߃ a[yaw C√m-
Ø-h-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ Bem-]-\-tØmSpw kzc-tØm-
Spw-IqSn Ch It®-cn-bn¬ Be-]n-°p-hm≥ A\p-
tbm-Py-am-Wv. {][m\ IrXn°v \nc-h¬ kzcw ]mSn-
I-gn-™m¬ arZw-Kw, LSw, K©n-d, apJ¿iw-Jv
F∂o ]°-taf hnZzm-∑m-cpsS X\n-bm-h¿Ø-\-am-
Wv. hmZy-ß-fpsS hn\n-a-bhpw taf-\hpw k¿§m-
fl-I-X-tbmsS Ah-X-cn-∏n-°pI F∂p-≈-XmWv
Ch-cpsS [¿Ωw. {][m-\-IrXn Ign-™m¬ km[m-
c-W-bmbn eLp imk-{Xob Km\-߃ Be-]n-
°p-I-bmWv ]Xn-hv. F∂m¬ hnZz-’-Z- p-I-fn¬
cmKw, Xm\w, ]√hn (RTP) \n¿∫-‘-ambpw ]mSp-
- 44 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
hm≥ {ian-°-Ww. CXv X\n-bm-h¿Ø\w Ign-™-
bp-S-s\-tbm, Hcp sNdp IrXn°v tijtam ]mSm-
hp-∂-Xm-Wv. B¿.-‰n.-]n.- -bnse ]√-hn-°mbn kzoI-
cn-°p-∂-Xmfw {][m-\-Ir-Xn-bpsS Xmf-hp-ambn
kmay-ap-≠m-Im-Xn-cn-°p-hm≥ {i≤n-°-Ww. Xm\w
]mSp-tºmƒ Nne kμ¿`-ß-fn¬ arZwKw AI-º-
Sn-bmbn hmbn-°m-dp-s≠-¶nepw arZw-K-an-√msX ]mSp-
∂-XmWv Z£n-tW-¥y-bnse hg-°w. ]√-hn-°mbn
Xnc-s™-Sp-°p∂ Bibw kwKo-X-]-c-ambpw
kmln-Xy-]-c-ambpw KWnX imkv{X-]-c-ambpw DØ-
a-am-bn-cn-°-Ww. ]√hn Htc Ime-Øntem aq∂v
Ime-Øntem (Io-gv°m-ew, ta¬°m-ew, Xn{iw)
]mSm-dmWv ]Xn-hv. A]q¿Δw Nne kwKo-X-⁄¿
NXp-c-{i-Xn{iw F∂ as‰mcp Ime-Øn¬ IqSnbpw
]√hn ]mSm-dp-≠v. Cu ]√-hn-bpsS Ah-km\w
at\m-[¿Ω-kzcw ]mSn, hnhn[ cmK-ß-fn-ep≈ cmK-
am-enI kzc-߃ Iq´n-bn-W°n ]√-hn-bpsS `wKn
h¿≤n-∏n-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Hcp eLw X\n-bm-
h¿Ø\w ]√-hn°v hmbn-°p∂ ]Xnhv Nne-bn-S-
ß-fn-ep-≠v. Nne-t∏mƒ ]√-hn-°p-tijw Xs∂-bm-
bncn°pw {][m\ X\n-bm-h¿Ø-\w. X\n-bm-
h¿Ø-\-Øn-\p-tijw A¿≤-im-kv{Xob kwKoXw
]mSm-hp-∂-XmWv F∂v \Ωƒ t\csØ ]d-™p-
ht√m ChnsS `P≥, ]Zw, Pmhfn F∂o imJ-
bn¬s]´ Km\-߃ ]mSm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Xncp-∏p-Iƒ,
AjvS-]-Zn, Imh-Sn-®n¥v F∂n-hbpw ]mSp∂
[mcmfw kwKo-X-⁄-cp-≠v. Xn√m-\-bmWv G‰hpw
HSphn-e-tØ-Xv. B\μw ]I-cp∂ {ZpX-K-Xn-bn-ep≈
Xn√m-\-Iƒ°v Hcp {]tXyI hiy-i-‡n-bp-≠v. a[y-
am-h-Xn-bntem kucm-jv{S-Øntem awKfw ]mSn
It®cn Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-∂p.
hnhn[ hmt§-b-Im-c∑mcpsS hnti-jn®pw
XymK-cm-P-kzm-an, apØp-kzman Zo£n-X¿, iyma-im-
kv{Xn, kzmXn-Xn-cp-\mƒ F∂n-h-cpsS Io¿Ø-\-
߃ ]´n-I-bn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ {i≤n-°-Ww.
]e Xmf-Ønepw ]e cmK-Ønepw hnhn-[-Xcw mh-
߃ krjvSn-°p-hm≥ DX-Ipw hn[-ap≈ IrXn-Iƒ
thWw Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-hm≥. Nne kwKo-X-⁄¿
Ipd®v IrXn-Iƒ am{Xta ]mSp-I-bp-≈q, F∂m¬
a‰p Nne¿ IqSp-X¬ IrXn-Iƒ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øpw. Nne¿
cmKw {lkz-ambn Be-]n-°pw, a‰p Nne-cpsS cmKm-
em-]\w ssZ¿Ly-ap-≈-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. Nne¿ kzcw
]mSp-∂-Xn¬ Xev]-c-cm-Wv, a‰p Nne¿ cmKw, Xm\w,
]√-hn°v IqSp-X¬ {]m[m\yw sImSp-°p-∂p.
Cßs\ It®-cn-bpsS LS-\m-]-c-amb N´-°q-´n¬
\n∂p-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ D≈nse kuμ-cy-t_m-[sØ
IrXn-bmbpw cmK-ambpw kzc-ambpw kwKo-X-⁄≥
/ kwKo-X⁄ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂p. Cu kuμcy
k¶¬∏-Øns‚ hyXymk-ß-fmWv hmkvX-h-Øn¬
Hcp kwKo-X-⁄s\ as‰mcp kwKo-X-⁄-\n¬
\n∂pw hyXy-kvX-\m-°p-∂-Xv. hn{im-¥n, `‡n,
cmKm-em-]\w F∂n-h-tbm-Sp≈ Iqdv Hcp kwKo-X-
⁄-s‚bpw / kwKo-XPvRbp-sStbm ssieo-]-c-
amb t{ijvT-Xbv°v Imc-W-ß-fmbn hn-°p-∂p.Hcp
]t£ hnhn-[-X-c-Øn-ep≈ Km\-t{iWnIsf
Hcpan-∏n-°p-hm≥ It®cn LS-\-bv°v Ign-bp-∂-Xp-
sIm-≠mImw hnhn[ Bkzm-Z-\-X-e-Øn-ep≈ Bfp-
Iƒ I¿Wm-SI kwKo-X-Øn-te°v BIr-jvS-cm-Ip-
∂-Xv. Hmtcm Bkzm-Z-I\pw Ah-\-h-\p-th≠ ckw
\pI-cp-hm\pw Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-hm\pw Ign-bp-∂p.
I¿Wm-SI kwKo-X-Øns‚ C∂sØ hf¿® LS-
\m-]-c-amb am‰-Øns‚ CS-s]-S¬ sIm≠v kw`-
hn-®-Xm-sW∂v \n w-ibw ]d-bmw.
tUm. {ioh’≥ sP. tat\m≥ : aÆpØn tIcf Im¿jnI k¿Δ-I-em-im-e-
bnse Atkm-kn-tb‰v s{]m^k¿. {]ikvX kwKo-X-⁄≥.
- 45 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
-tUm. B¿. {ioteJ
\h-hn[ `‡n-bpw, kwKo-Xhpw
]pcm-X\Imew ap-X¬°v Xs∂ `‡n-bpw,
kwKo-Xhpw XΩn¬ At`-Zy-amb _‘-am-Wp-≈-
Xv. kwKo-X-Øns‚ Dev]Øn F∂m-bn-cp-s∂-t∂m,
Ft∏m-gm-bn-cp-s∂t∂m ]d-bm≥ B[n-Im-cn-I-ambn
Ign -bn -s√-¶nepw AXns‚ {]mtbm-Kn -Ihpw,
imkv{Xobhpam-bn-´p≈ hf¿® thZ-Imew apX-
ev°m-sW∂v {]mNo-\-{K-Ÿ-ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-
Øn¬ \ap°v a\- n-em-°mw. BZy-Im-e-ß-fn¬
`K-hXv tkhbv°v th≠n am{Xm-Wv kwKo-XsØ
D]-tbm-Kn -®n -cp -∂-Xv .
thZ-ß-fnse at{¥m-®m-
c-W-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bmWv
k ] v X - k z - c - ß ƒ
Hs∂m∂mbn \nP-s∏-Sp-
Ø-s∏-´-Xv. BZy-amZyw
tIhew Hcp kzc-Øn¬
\o≠p-\n-∂n-cp∂ thZ-a-
t{¥m-®m-cWw aSp-∏mbn
tXm∂nb BZn-ssh-Zn-
I¿ {ItaW a{¥-߃
D® -ÿm -b n - b n - e p w ,
Iogvÿm-bn-bnepw D®-cn-°p-hm≥ XpS-ßn. A{]-
Imcw D®-ÿm-bn-bn¬ DZm-Øhpw (cn), Iogvÿm-
bn-bn¬ A\p-Zm-Øhpw (\n), Cu c≠p ÿmbn-
Iƒ°p-an-S-bn¬ a≤y-ÿm-bn-bn¬ kzcnXw (k)
F∂ kzchpw D¤-hn-®p. kzc-{Xbw am{Xw
Dƒs°m-≠n-cp∂ at{¥m-®m-cWw ]ns∂bpw
hf¿∂v kzc-]-©-I-ambpw (K-cn-k-\n-[), ]n∂oSv
kma-k-]vX-I-ambpw (a-K-cn-k-\n-[-]) ]n∂oSv iXm-
_vZ-ß-tfmfw \o≠p-\n∂ Kth-j-W-ß-fn-eqsS
k]vX-kz-c-ß-fmbpw hnI-kn-®p. kwKo-XsØ
ssZhn-I-am-bn- p≈ Imcy-߃°mWv D]-tbm-Kn-®n-
cp-∂-sX∂v {KŸ-ß-fn-eq-sS-bpw, t£{X-ß-fnse
Nph-sc-gp-Øp-I-fn¬ IqSnbpw a‰pw \ap°v a\- n-
em-°mw. Aßns\ sslμh kwkv°m-c-Øn¬
`‡n-bv°pw, kwKo-X-Øn\pw Xpey-{]m-[m-\y-am-Wp-
≈-Xv. Cuizc km£m-Xv°m-c-Øn-\p≈ Ffp-∏-
am¿§w kwKo-X-am-sW∂v ]g-a-°m¿ hniz-kn-®n-cp-
∂p. "kwKo-X-⁄m-\w' XpS-ßnb IrXn-I-fn-eqsS
\ΩpsS kwKo-Xm-Nm-cy-∑mcpw Cu hnizm-ksØ
icnhbv°p-∂p. \mcZ¿, Xpw_p-cp XpS-ßnb
tZh¿jn-Iƒ Xß-fpsS a[p-c-amb kwKo-X-Øn¬
IqSn-bmWv CjvS-tZ-h-∑msc {]km-Zn-∏n-®n-cp-∂Xv
F∂v ]pcm-W-߃ ]d-
bp∂p. Cßns\ t\m°p-
tºmƒ kwKo-X-Øns‚
ASn-ÿm\ `mhw `‡n
Xs∂-bm-sW∂v Dd-∏n®v
]d-bmw. \n¿hym-P-amb
`‡nbn¬ \n∂p -amWv
ip≤ kwKoXw Bhn¿ -hn-
®n -´p -≈-Xv . Pb-tZ -h¿,
A∂-am-Nm-cy, {Xnaq¿Øn-
Iƒ XpS-ßnb \ΩpsS
kwKo -Xm -Nm -cy -∑m -cpsS IrXn -I -sf√mw
Xs∂ \nd™ `‡n-bn¬ \n∂pw D≠m-bn-´p-≈-
Xm-Wv.
`‡n F∂m-se-¥mWv? Pv (kvt\-lw), ‡n
(tk-h-\w) F∂o c≠v hm°p-Iƒ tN¿∂mWv
`‡n. AXm-bXv kvt\l-]q¿Δ-amb As√-¶n¬
t{]a-]q¿Δ-amb tkh-\tam As√-¶n¬ K-hm-t\m-
Sp≈ \njv°-f-¶-amb A¿∏-Wtam BWv `‡n.
\h-hn[ `‡n F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ {ih-Ww,
Io¿Ø-\w, kvac-Ww, ]mZ-tk-h-\w, A¿®-\w, hμ-
\w, Zmkyw, kJyw, Bfl-\n-th-Z\w F∂n-ßs\
`‡n°v H≥]Xv mh-ß-fm-Wp-≈-Xv. hnhn[ mjm-
- 46 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
]m-WvUn-Xy-hpw, cN-\m-ssh-`-hhpw D≈ kzmXn-
Xn-cp-a-\ v \h-cm{Xn Io¿Ø-\w, \h-c-Xv\-am-en-
I, h¿Æw, ]Zw, Xn√m-\, D]m-Jym-\w, P≥, {]_-
‘w, kvtXm{X-Imhyw F∂n-ßs\ \h-hn-[-Øn-
ep≈ cN-\-Iƒ \n¿Δ-ln-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. \h-hn[
`‡n hnhcn-°p∂ `‡n aRvPcn `‡-∑m-cpsS
hnin-jvSm-`-c-W-am-Wv. Xncp-a-\- ns‚ \h-cXv\
amenIm Io¿Ø-\-߃ AYhm \h-hn[ `‡n
Io¿Ø-\-߃ H≥]Xv ‡n am¿§-ß-sfbpw hy‡-
am-°p-∂p.
{ihWw Io¿Ø\w hnjvtWm: kvacWw ]mZ-tk-
h-\w,
A¿®\w hμ\w Zmkyw kJy-am-fl-\n-th-Z\w
({io-aZv `mK-hXw kvXcw 7,5,23)
Io¿Ø\w ˛ cmKw ˛ Xmfw ˛ am¿§w
1. `h-Zob IYm-`n-\h kp[ ˛ ss`chn ˛ sNºS
˛ {ihWw
2. Xmh-a-Xm-am\n ˛ tIZm-csKuf ˛ ’º ˛
Io¿Ø\w
3. kX-Xwkw kvacm-Wol ˛ \oemw-_cn ˛
AS¥ ˛ kvacWw
4. ]¶-Pm-£-Xh ˛ tXmSn ˛ cq]Iw ˛ ]mZ-tk-
h\w
5. Bcm-[-bman ˛ _e-lcn ˛ AS ˛ A¿®\w
6. htμ-tZ-h-tZh ˛ t_KU ˛ ’º ˛ hμ\w
7. ]c-a-]p-cpj ˛ B\cn ˛ AS¥ ˛ Zmkyw
8. `h-Xn-hn-izmtkm ˛ apJmcn ˛ AS¥ ˛ kJyw
9. tZh-tZh Iebman ˛ \mY-\m-a-{Inb ˛ cq]Iw
˛ Bfl-\n-th-Z\w
{ioa-Zv `mK-h-X-Ønse taep-≤-cn® t«mI-
Øn¬ {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p≈ H≥]Xv `‡n am¿§-
ßsf bYm-{Iaw Ah-e-ºn®v kzmXn-Xn-cp-a-\- n-
\m¬ cNn-bv°-s∏´ Io¿Ø-\-ß-fmWv ta¬∏-d-™n-
cn-°p-∂-Xv.
kwKo -X -⁄m\w h¿≤n -∏n -°p -∂-Xn¬
tIƒhn-⁄m-\-Øn\v hen-sbmcp ]¶p-≠v. AXp-
t]mse `K-hXv Io¿Ø-\-ß-fpw, a{¥-ßfpw ]mSp-
∂-Xp-t]m-setbm Dcp-hn-Sp-∂-t]m-se-tbm D≈ e-
amWv Ah {ihn-®mepw D-≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. A{]-Imcw
{ihW am¿§-Øn-eqsS K-h-Xv]m-Z-ß-fn-se-Øp-∂-
Xm-Wv {ih-Ww.
{Xnaq¿Øn-Iƒ, A∂-am-Nm-cy, Pb-tZ-h¿,
\mcm-b-W-Xo¿∞¿, Acp-Wm-Ne Ihn-cm-b¿, `{Zm-
New cma -Zm -kv , ]pcμ-c -Zm -k¿, `‡-ao -c ,
I_o¿Zmkv XpSßn \ΩpsS kwKo-Xm-Nm-cy-∑m¿,
tam£w AS-™Xv `K-hXv Io¿Ø-\-߃ Be-
]n-®n-´m-Wv. `‡-{]-lvfm-`≥ \mcm-bW a{¥w Dcp-
hn-´mWv tam£sØ {]m]n-®-Xv. Cuiz-cs\
{]Io¿Øn®v IrXn-Iƒ Be-]n-bv°p∂ am¿§-amWv
Io¿Ø-\w.
a\- n¬ \nd™ A‘-Im-csØ Zqco-I-cn-
bv°p-∂-Xn-\mbn F√m-bvt∏mgpw `K-h-Xv]m-Z-sØ,
F√m-amb ]c-{_-“sØ kvacn-°p∂ ‡n-am¿§w
kvac-Ww.
`K-hXv]mZ-ßsf `‡n-]q¿Δw tkhn-bv°p-
∂Xv ]mZ-tk-h\w, kwKo-Xw-sIm-≠pw, ]pjv]w-
sIm≠pw `K-hms\ A¿®\ sNbvXv ]qPn-bv°p-
∂Xv A¿®-\w. F√m-hn-[-Øn-ep≈ ]qPm-hn-[m-\-
ß-tfmSpw, at\m-hmIvI¿Ω-ß-tfmSpw IqSn `K-
hms\ hμn-bv°p∂Xv hμ-\w. K-hms\ F√m-ambn
IcpXn ASn-a-bmbn tkhn-bv°p-∂Xv Zmkyw. l\p-
am≥ kzman°v {io-cm-a-kzm-an-tbm-Sp≈ ‡n Zmky-
`-‡n-bv°p-Zml-c-W-am-Wv. `K-hms\ kvt\ln-X-
\mbn I≠p≈ `‡n-bmWv kJyw. A¿÷p-\\v
{ioIrjvW `K-hm-t\m-Sp≈ `‡n kJy-Øn-\p-Zm-
l-c-W-am-Wv. F√mw Ahn-SpsØ Xr∏m-Z-Øn¬
A¿∏n®psIm-≠p≈ ka¿∏-W-amWv Bfl-\n-th-
Z-\w.
\h-hn[ `‡n-bn°v ]pdsa ]c-am-flm-hns\
\mb-I-\m-bpw, Pohm-flm-hns\ \mbn-I-bmbpw
k¶¬∏n-®p-sIm-≠p≈ a[p-c-`-‡nbv°v kwKoX
IrXn-I-fn¬ {][m-\-am-sbmcp ÿm\-ap-≠v. 13-˛mw
- 47 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
iX-I-Øn¬ KoXm-tKm-hn-μ-sa∂ Pb-tZ-h-cpsS
irwKm-c- ‡n \mSy-Im-hy-Øns‚ hc-thm-sS-bmWv
Cßn-s\mcp `‡n kzm[o\w \ΩpsS kwKoX
IrXn-I-fn-ep-≠m-Ip-∂-Xv. tIcf kwKo-X-Øn\v
X\Xv hy‡nXzw D≠m-°nb KoXm-tKm-hn-μsØ
XpS¿∂v \mcm-b-W-Xo¿∞-cpsS {ioIrjvW eoe
Xcw-Kn-Wn, t£{X-⁄-]-Z-߃, kzmXn ]Z-߃,
A∂-am-Nm-cy-cpsS sh¶n-tSi IrXn-Iƒ Ch-bn-
se√mw Xs∂ a[p-c-`‡n hnj-b-am-bn.
C{]-Imcw Xmfm-fl-I-am-bn, kwKo-Xm-flm-I-
ambn a{¥-ß-fp-®-cn-°p-∂Xv XpSßn Znhy-\m-a-
Io¿Ø-\-ß-fn-eqsS hf¿∂v C∂sØ IrXn-I-fn-
seØn \n¬°p∂ `mc-Xob kwKo-X-Øns‚
Hmtcm L´hpw ]cn-tim-[n-®m¬ `‡n-bpw, kwKo-
Xhpw F{X-am{Xw _‘-s∏-´p-In-S-°p∂p F∂v
\ap°v a\- n-em-°mw. `mc-X-Øn¬ a‰p kwKo-X-
im-J-Isf At]-£n®v [mcmfw `‡n-Io¿Ø-\-
߃ D≠mbXns‚ Imc-Whpw CXv Xs∂-bm-Wv.
tUm. B¿. {ioteJ : Ic-a\ F≥. F v. F v tImtf-Pnse kwKoX hn`mKw
Atkm- n-tb‰v s{]m^-k¿. {]ikvX ]n∂Wn Kmb-I-\m-bn-cp∂ Iap-Id
]pcp-tjm-Ø-as‚ aIƒ.
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MvfãeBxòªaleJgcgú vfJcen, bfäTgbãxh¥x Sÿfbvëègbez Y©pv~ägsë
mueãmukjC~W ùhlrìfòªgskeúgÿg.
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lecjXkgä~j aìùl hgvjgíejCùhbqèv~äfw mqbªeÎve mukjfTgk
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kzman icWw
Du´p-]pc F∂ kz]v\ km£m-XvIm-c-Øn-\mbn kan-Xn-tbmSvk¿Δm-fl\m kl-I-cn® F√m ‡ P\-ß-tfm-Sp-ap≈ IrX-⁄X
Aø∏ \ma-t[-b-Øn¬ {]Im-in-∏n-°p-∂p.
- 48 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
APnXv \ºq-Xncn
t£{X-kw-KoXw ˛ HcmapJw
"imkv{Xob kwKoXw' F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂
"`mc-Xo-b -k-\m-X-\-kw-KoXw' (Indian ClassicalMusic) \q‰m -≠p -I -fpsS X]-kybpw km[-
\bpwsIm≠mWv C∂p \mw tI -\p- -hn-°p∂ coXn-
bn-ep≈ A\p- -h-X-e-ß-fn-se-Øn-t®¿∂-Xv. Bbn-
c-°-W°v ka¿∏nX P∑-ß-fpsS \nc-¥-c-amb
D]m-k-\-bn-eq-sS-bmWv `mc-Xob kwKo-X-Ønse
C∂p tIƒ°p∂ khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ cq]-s∏-´n-cn-
°p-∂-Xv. temI-Ønse a‰p kwKo-X-ssi-en-bn¬
\n∂pw hyXy-kvX-ambn AXn-kq-£va-amb \mZ-_n-
μp-°-fpsS bp‡-amb kwtbm-K-amWv `mc-Xob
kwKo-XsØ C{X-b-[nIw Kuc-h-X-c-am-°p-∂Xpw
[ym\-]q¿W-am-°p-∂-Xpw. A\n¿Δ-N-\o-b-amb Xe-
ß-fn-te°v a\- ns\ \bn-°m\pw Bfl-\n¿hrXn
]I-cm\pw `mc-Xob kwKo-X-Øn\p Ign-bp-∂p.
"`‡n' F∂ am\-kn-I-`mhw As√-¶n¬
Bflo-b- mhw B[m-c-am-°n-bmWv mc-Xob k\m-
X-\-I-e-Iƒ (Indian Classical Arts) F√mw hf¿∂p
h∂n-´p-≈-Xv. `‡n-bn¬ ebn®v Xmt\-]m-Sn-bXpw
D]-I-c-W-ß-fn¬ hmbn-®-Xp-amb kwKo-Xm-fl-I-k-
c-Wn-I-sf√mw ]n¬°m-eØv "imkv{Xo-b-kw-KoXw'
F∂ alm-km-K-c-Øn¬ ebn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
`‡n-bpsS Btμm-f -\-ßfpw Bghpw
au\hpw P∑-kp-Ir-Xam-bn-Øs∂ GsXm-cm-fn-ep-
ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. kz¥w Krl-Øn¬Øs∂ Aß-
s\-sbm-c-¥-co£w krjvSn-°m\pw AXn¬ ebn-
°m\pw Hcmƒ°p Ign-bp-sa-¶nepw ‡n-bpsS ]mc-
ay-X-e-ß-fn-te°p k©-cn-°m-\m-{K-ln-°p-∂-h¿
t£{Xm-¥-co-£-sØ-bmWv AXn-\p-th≠n B{i-
bn-°p-∂-Xv. Bbn-c-°-W-°n\p h¿j-ß-fmbn mc-
Xo-b-cpsS A`b tI{μ-ß-fm-bn-cp∂ t£{Xm-¥-
co-£-Øn-emWv k\m-X-\-I-e-Iƒ A\p-jvTn-°p-
Ibpw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw Bkz-Zn-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp-h-∂-Xv. Krl-ß-fn¬ \n∂p hyXy-kvX-ambn
t£{Xm-¥-co-£-Øn¬ hfsc s]s´-∂p-Xs∂ a\-
n\v ‡n-bpsS Ahm-Ny-amb A\p- qXn ]I¿∂p-
In-´p-∂p. {]mNo-\-amb k\m-X-\-I-e-I-fnepw IY-
I-fnepw \nd™p \n¬°p-∂Xpw `‡n Xs∂-bm-
W-t√m.
t£{X-kw-KoXw
t£{X-ß-fn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂ As√-
¶n¬ t£{Xm-\p-_-‘n-bmb kwKoXw F∂p
Xs∂-bmWv "t£{X-kw-KoXw' F∂ hm°p-
sIm≠v Dt±-in-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. DØ-tc-¥y-bnse
{[p]-Zv, Io¿Ø≥, AZw-Kv, lnμp-ÿm\n kwKo-X-
Ønse a‰p ]e-Xcw hn`m-K-߃, Z£n-W-`m-c-X-
Ønse I¿Wm-SI kwKo-Xw, tkm]m\ kwKo-
Xw, hmZy-hn-ti-j-߃ XpSßn "imkv{Xo-b-kw-
KoXw' F∂p hnfn-°m-hp∂ an° cq]-ßfpw
"t£{X-kw--KoX'Øns‚ ]cn-[n-bn¬ s]Sp-∂p.
Io¿Ø-\-߃, ]Z-߃, {]_-‘-߃
Cßs\ Cuiz-cs\ kvXpXn-°p∂ kmlnXy`mK-
߃ hcp∂ Km\m-flI cN-\-Iƒ hmbv]m´p cq]-
Ønepw Km\-hm-Zy-ß-fn-ep-ambpw Xmf-hm-Zy-ta-f-ß-
tfmSp tN¿∂pw Xmf-ta-f-߃ am{X-ambpw Hmtcm
kμ¿`-Øn-\-\p-tbm-Py-ambn Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-cp-∂Xv.
t£{Xm-¥-co-£-ß-fn¬ ‡n-]p-c- cw F∂ \ne-
bn-em-Wv˛]n¬°m-eØv AXp hnt\m-Z-Øn\pw
B\-μ-Øn\pw D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-s≠-¶n-epw.
\q‰m-≠p-Iƒ°p apºp-Xs∂ kp_-≤-amb
Hcp imkv{Xob kwKoX coXn tIc-f-Ønse
t£{X-ß-fn¬ \ne-\n -∂n -cp -∂p. I¿Wm-SI
kwKoXw cmK-Xm -f -a -b -amb Hcp _rl-Z v] -
≤Xnbmbn hnImkw {]m]n-®p-I-gn-s™-¶nepw
Z£n-W-`m-c-X-Ønse tIc-f-Øn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ ]g-
- 49 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
b-Ime kwKo-X-Øns‚ _m°n-]-{X-Øn¬ cmK-
ß-sf-°mfpw Xmf-ß-fm-Wp-≈-Xv. Km\-hm-Zy-ß-sf-
°mfpw tIc-fob t£{X-kw-Ko-X-Øn-ep-≈-Xv Xmf-
hm-Zy-ß-fm-Wv. H´pan° cmK-ß-sfbpw I¿Wm-SI
kwKo-X-Øn\v IqsS \n¿Øm≥ Ign-s™-¶nepw
Ime-Øns‚ IpsØm-gp-°n¬ tIcfw Xmf-Øn\v
IqSp-X¬ {]m[m\yw hcp∂ hmZy-ta-f-Øn\v
{]m[m\yw \¬In.
tkm]m\ kwKoXw t]mse-bp≈ Xmc-X-
tay\ imkv{Xo-b-ip-≤-X-bp≈ Bem-]\ coXn-
Ifpw IY-Ifn kwKo-Xhpw Hcf-hn¬°-hn™v cmK-
Xm-f-a-b-amWv F¶n¬t∏mepw Xmf-hm-Zy-ta-f-
߃°v tIc-fob t£{X kwKo-X-Øn¬ apJy-
ÿm-\-ap-≠v. C{X-b-[nIw Xmf-hm-Zy-ß-fp≈
as‰mcp tZiw temI-Øn¬ Xs∂ thsd-bn-√.
kwKo-Xw, Music, t£{X-kw-KoXw
]e-t∏mgpw "kwKoXw' F∂ ]Z-Øn\p
Xpey-ambn \mw "Music' F∂ Cw•ojv ]Zw D]-
tbm-Kn-°m-dp-≠v. "kwKoXw' F∂ ]ZØn\p Xpey-
a√ "Music' F∂ ]Zw. Cw•o-jn¬ "Music' F∂
]Z-Øn\p Iogn¬ ]m´pw hmZy-ta-fhpw F√mw hcp-
∂p. ]s£ A¿∞-hym]vXn t\m°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬
"kwKoXw' F∂Xv kay-°mb "KoXw' BWv.
AXm-bXv F√mw Dƒs°m-≈p∂ As√-¶n¬
]q¿W-amb KoXw/]m´v BWv. ]m´n¬ hmZy-tafw
tN¿∂p-h-cm-sa-¶nepw ]m´p-I-e-cmØ hmZy-ta-fsØ
"kwKoXw' F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ hym]vXn-bn¬ Dƒs∏-
Sp-Øm≥ Ign-bn-√. ]s£ ]m´pw Xmf-ta-f-hp-sa√mw
tN¿ØmWv \mw C∂v "kwKoXw' F∂ ]ZsØ
D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu coXn km¿Δ-{Xn-I-am-bn-cn-
°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ Chn-sSbpw "t£{X-kw-KoXw' F∂v
ka-{K-amb A¿∞-Øn¬ {]tbm-Kn-°mw.
C{Xbpw ]d-™Xv tIc-fob t£{X-kw-Ko-
X-Øns‚ Hcp khn-ti-jX Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°m-
\mWv. KoX-hn-`m-Khpw Xmf-hn-`m-Khpw Hcp Xriq¿
]qc-Øn-se-∂-t]mse IpS-am‰w \S-Øp∂ AXy-
]q¿Δ-amb Hc\p-`hw tIc-fob t£{X-kw-Ko-X-
Øn¬ am{X-ta-bp-≈q. tkm]m-\-kw-Ko-Xw, IY-Ifn
kwKoXw F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ hmbv]m´p coXn-Iƒ
Ds≠-¶nepw Xmf-hm-Zy-ß-fn-ep-W-cp∂ taf-s∏-cp-
°-߃ tIc-fob kwKo-X-Øns‚ G‰hpw henb
khn-ti-j-X-bm-Wv. temI-Øn¬ sh®p-Xs∂
G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ Xmf-hm-Zy-ß-fp≈ tZi-amWv
tIcfw. F∂p-am-{X-a√ temI-Ønse G‰hpw al-
Ømb "Xmf-Øns‚ knw^Wn' \S-°p-∂Xv
Xriq¿ ]qc-Øn-em-Wv. t£{X-kw-Ko-X-Øns‚ Hcp
_rl-Zvim-J-bmWv Xriq¿ ]qc-Øns‚ \mfp-I-fn¬
\ΩpsS \mSns‚ bi-t -‰p-∂-Xv.
`mc-X-Ønse t£{X-kw-Ko-X-hm-Zy-ß-fpsS
IW-s°-Sp -°p -I -bm -sW-¶n¬ tIc-f -Øn\p
Xs∂bmbn-cn°pw H∂mw ÿm\w. A{Xbv°pw
{]m[m-\y-ap-≠v tIc-fob t£{X-kw-Ko-X-Øn-\v.
`mc-Xob k\m-X\ kwKo-X-Ønse apJy-[m-
c-I-fmb I¿Wm-SI kwKo-X-Øn\pw {[p]-Zv, lnμp-
ÿm\n kwKoXw XpS-ßnb DØ-c- m-c-Xob kwKo-
X-ssi-en-Iƒ°pw D]-cn-bmbn t£{X-kw-Ko-X-
Øns‚ ]cn-[n-bn¬ hcm-hp∂ hninjvS kwKo-X-
ssi-en-I-sf-°p-dn®pw hmZy-hn-ti-j-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p-
ap≈ ]T-\-߃ AXoh {]m[m-\y-tØmsS \S-
t°≠Xp≠v. {]tXy-In®pw CØcw kwKo-X-ssi-
en-Isf ip≤-ambpw ka¿∏-W-tØm-sSbpw D]m-
kn-°p-∂-h¿ Ipd-™p-h-cp∂ C°m-eØv t£{X-
kw-Ko-X-Øns‚ ]T-\-Øn-\p-th≠n IqSp-X¬ {]b-
- 50 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
Xv\hpw {i≤bpw IcpXepw Bh-iy-ap-≠v. t£{X
kwKo -X -Øn\v `mc -Xo -b¿ \¬Ip -∂-Xp -
t]msebp≈ {]m[m\yw temI-Øn¬ as‰m-cn-S-Øp-
an-√. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ Cu cwKØp \S-t°-
≠p∂ Bte-J-\-ß-fp-sSbpw Kth-j-W-ß-fp-
sSbpw {]m[m\yw AXo-h-Kp-cp-X-c-am-bn-Øs∂
ImtW-≠-Xm-Wv. Hcp NS-ßp-t]mse \S-Øp∂
APnXv \ºq-Xncn : {]ikvX kwKo-X-⁄≥, AarX Snhn Ah-Xm-c-I≥
Kth-jW Bte-J-\-ß-fn-ep-]cn ka¿∞-ambpw
Kuc-h-X-c-ambpw Bflm¿∞-ambpw Ch sNøm≥
k∂-≤-ambn k¿°m-cn-X-c-I-em-t]m-j-I-˛-kw-c-
£I kwL-S-\-Iƒ cwKØp htc-≠-Xp-≠v. \ΩpsS
Ie-Isf kwc-£n-°m\pw ]n≥X-e-ap-d-bv°p-th≠n
AXns‚ e£-W-߃ IcpXn sh°m\pw \ap°p
_m[y-X-bp-≠v.
hmZy-I-e-I-sf-t∏mse Xs∂ hmZy-I-em-Im-c-∑m-scbpw kvt\ln-®v, AIm-e-Øn¬
\sΩ hn´p-]n-cn™ Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc Aø-∏- tkhm kan-Xn-bpsS ap≥ sk{I- -dn-- hn\-
bs‚ kvac-W-°mbn Cu h¿jw apX¬ Hcp Io¿Øn-ap{Z A¿l-X-s∏´ Hcp hmZy-I-em-
Im-c\v \¬Ip-hm≥ kan-Xnbpw, kplr-Øp-°fpw tN¿∂v Xocp-am-\n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. hmZy-
I-em-Im-c-∑msc kmam\ya\p-jy-cmbn I≠v Ah-cpsS ZpxJ-\-jvS-ßsf kz¥w ZpxJ\jvS-
ß-fmbn Icp-Xn-t∏m∂ hn\-b≥ Hcp Iem-kzm-Z-I-s\∂Xn-ep-]cn Hcp XnI™ Iem-Im-
c-kvt\-ln-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. GsXmcp hmZy-I-em-Im-cs‚ ap∂nepw At±-l-Øns‚ Krl-hm-
Xn¬ Xpd∂p InS-∂n-cp-∂p. hn\-bs‚ Hm¿Ω-Ifpw Nn¥-Ifpw kanXn {]h¿Ø-I¿°v
F°m-eØpw henb {]tNm-Z\w Xs∂-bm-Wv. hn\-bs‚ kvacW \Ω-fn¬ Gh-cnepw
\ne-\n¬°-Ø°hÆw G¿s∏-Sp-Ønb ""hn\-b≥ kvamcI Io¿Øn-ap{Z''bv°v Cu
h¿jw A¿l-\m-bXv {]i-kvX Ce-Ømf hnZzm≥ {io. shfn-b-Øp-\mSv X¶pam-cmcmWv.
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc t£{X-Øn¬ h¿j-ß-tfmfw D’-h-ta-f-Øn¬ Ce-Ømf {]amWn Bbn-
cp∂p {io. X¶p-am-cm¿. At±-l-Øn\pw At±-l-Øns‚ IpSpw-_mw-K-߃°pw k¿Δ-
B-bp-cm-tcmKykuJy-ßfpw \¬In {io ]q¿Æ-{X-bo-i-\pw {io [¿Ω-im-kvXmhpw
A\p-{K-ln-°s´ F∂v Bflm¿∞-ambn {]m¿∞n-°p-∂p.
XmacwIp-f-ßc Aø-∏-tk-hm-k-anXn
hn\-b≥ kvamcI Io¿Ønap{Zhn\-b≥ kvamcI Io¿Ønap{Zhn\-b≥ kvamcI Io¿Ønap{Zhn\-b≥ kvamcI Io¿Ønap{Zhn\-b≥ kvamcI Io¿Ønap{Z
- 51 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
tUm hn B¿ {]t_m[N{μ≥ \mb¿
kwKoXhpw kmlnXyhpw
`mhkwKoXw
{ioIrjvWt\mSp hnShmßp∂ IptNes‚
sXm≠bnSdns°m≠p≈ hm°pIƒ tIƒ°pI:
Xz¬∏mZw tNcpthmfw A¬t]Xcbmb `‡n
A{]tab X∂otSWw, Ct∏mglw bman tKlw.
(cmKw: kpcp´n; tNehrØw B´°Y)
ChnSsØ B A{]tab F∂ hm°v
bi»coc\mb Iemafiew i¶c≥ F{ºm¥ncn
]mSnbncp∂Xnse kwKXn`wKnIƒ cknIP\
ßfpsS a\ n¬ Ct∏mgpw A\pcW\w sNøp∂p-
≠mhpw. kmlnXy]mTØnse G F∂ kzcw
F{ºm¥ncn Fs¥¥p sshNn{Xyßtfm
sSbmbncp∂p AhXcn∏n®pt]m∂sXt∂m!
kμ¿`w `Kh±qXv . {ioIrjvW≥
]mfih¿°pth≠n Zptcym[\t\mS v
aSntbXpan√msX ho≠pw ho≠pw Cc°p∂p:
]mXn cmPyw, AXns√¶n¬ A©p tZiw,
AXpans√¶n¬ A©p hoS v , AXpw
km[yas√¶n¬ Htcsbmcp hoS v ˛˛
F∂nßs\bmbncp∂pht√m Khms‚ At]£.
Hmtcm L´Ønepw H´pw hn´psImSp°msX
Zptcym[\≥ ISpw ]nSnØw XpScp∂p. Cu
cwKsØ kmlnXy]mTw kwKoXØnte°p
]Icptºmƒ IemIpie∑mcmb KmbI¿
Zptcym[\s‚ hmIyßsf√mw Htc cmKØnemWv
AhXcn∏n°mdv. ]mfih¿°p sImSpØnSm (=
sImSp°pIbn√) F∂nSsØ sImSpØnSm
aq∂pXhW Bh¿Øn°pIbpw sNøpw.
Nn”LS\mXeØnep≈ Cu hnh¿Ø\X{¥w
B Zp„IYm]m{Xw a\∏q¿hw ssIs°m≈p∂
A\ßm∏md\bØns‚ kphy‡kqNI
ambn`hn-°p-∂p.
AtX kabw IrjvWs‚ hmIyßfn¬
B´°YmImc≥ cmKam‰sam∂pw kqNn∏n®n´n
ASnaecnWXs∂ IrjvW ASnbs\mc
hew_w F∂p XpSßp∂ CcbnΩ≥ XºnbpsS
at\mlcamb apJmco cmKIo¿Ø\w
D≈n¬Ø´n AhXcn∏n°p∂ KmbI≥ / KmbnI
BZysØ hcnbnse hnhn[kwKXnIfn¬
Hmtcm∂nepw IqSn IS∂pt]mIptºmƒ
AßbpsS Im¬∏qhpIƒ am{XamWv F\n°v
Htc Hcm{ibw, Ahb√msX as‰mcp Xmßn√
F∂nßs\ A¿YØns‚ hnhn[ AScpIƒ
a\ n¬ hnScp∂p. kmlnXy]mTw au\amtbm
Dds°Øs∂tbm hmbn®m¬sØfnbmØ
A¿Y]cºcIfmWnh. CΩ´n¬ kmlnXyw
am{XwaptJ\ FØnt®cm\mhmØ Bgß
fnte°pw Dbcßfnte°pw kwKoXw \sΩ
Iq´ns°m≠pt]mIp∂p. kz¿Wm`cWØn\v
kpK‘hpw D≠mbmesØ ÿnXnbmWv
kmlnXytØmSv HuNnXy]q¿hw kwKoXhpw
CWßnbm¬ D≠mhpI.
Cc-bn-Ω≥ Xºn
- 52 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
s√¶nepw KmbI¿ `mhm\ptcm[amwhÆw ]e
cmKßfpw {]tbmKn°m≥ kzmX{¥ysaSp°p∂p.
IrjvWs‚ Zptcym[\{]oW\mflIamb
bmN\bpsS XpS°w Ipdn™nbnemWv.
`qcnhn{Iahmcnt[! _lp˛
kmcam\k! \n∂psS
]mcnens∂mcp aμncw \r]!
]mfih¿°p sImSp°Ww
F∂ `mKamhptºmƒ cmKw kn‘pss`chn
bnte°p amdp∂p. Hcp aμncØnse Hcphn¬
`mhtZymXIamwhn[w GX\pKrloXKmbI\pw
\nch[n kwKXnIƒ Dƒt®¿°pw.
Ip‰m°qcncp´Øv \rØmKcw F∂
clkykt¶XØn¬ aqSn∏pX®pInS°p∂
hethj[mcnbmb `oatk\s\ amen\n F∂
at\mtamln\nbmb sskc{‘n F∂p
sX‰n≤cn®v klib\Øns∂mcpßp∂ IoNI≥
X\ns°m∂p XShm≥ Xcw In´nb B IcXew
F¥mWv C{X ]cp]cpØncn°p∂Xv F∂p
]cn{`an°p∂p; NXnbn¬s∏´pt]mtbm Xm≥
F∂‘mfn°p∂p.
]√htImafX\pX√Pw F¥tlm Xh
I√nt\mSpXpeyw! \oXm≥ A√√o amen\o!
(IoNIh[w B´°Y; cmKw: ss`chn)
F∂ `mKsØ \oXm≥ apX¬ IoNIs‚
hnlzeXbmkIew Hmtcm kzcØnepw
Xp≈nØpfpºpwa´nemWv F{ºm¥ncn
]mSnbncp∂Xv! AtXmsS B A¥co£Ønse
Iqcncp´n¬ B Zpc¥\mbI≥ B\mkw
BinckvIw Ba·\mbnt∏mhp∂ {]XoXn
bpfhmbncp∂p.
\falmcmPmhns\ Zab¥nbpsS
\ncp]akuμcymXntcIw h¿Wn®ptIƒ∏n°p∂
lwkw sIm´n°emin∏n°pwa´n¬ km Aac[ma
h[qaZ`qa hncmaZ tImafnam F∂nSsØØp
tºmƒ KmbIcpw kzcam[pcn°p tIm´sam∂pw
X´msX {ipXnbpsS ]caImjvTbn¬
FØn\n¬°m≥ Atßb‰w {i≤n°p∂p.
(\fNcnXw 1. Imwt_mPn cmKw)
IrΩoch[Ønse kpZ¿i\Øns‚
`mjWw (am[h Pb iutc! almfl≥!... cmKw:
\m´°pdn™n) ]mTØns‚ A¿Yw
{ihWm\p`hw Xs∂ F∂ k¶¬∏tØmsS
bmWv cNn®n´p≈Xv. ]Zm¿Ym`n\bw t]mbn´v
hmIym¿Ym`n\bwt]mepw Dt±in®n´n√mØ
coXnbnemWv AXns‚ kwhn[m\w. Ccp
ssIIfnepw IØp∂ ]¥w ]nSn®v Hmtcm
NcWØns‚bpw HSphn¬ {]tXyIXcw
NphSphbvt∏msS apΩq∂e¿® ˛ A{Xbpta
kpZ¿i\w AcßØp sNtø≠Xp≈q.
am[h! apclc! aIcmIrXn[c! aμtcm≤mcNXpc!
alnXkqIcmhXmc! am\yXc-
tLmc\carK! NmcphSphc!
iqc`rKpkpX! kqc\r]Ipeloc!
Ic[rXkoc! bZphoc! I¬Inkpicoc!
\n≥ XncphSnbpsS \ntbmKaps≠∂mIn¬
Fs¥m∂km[ysa∂m¬!
Nnc¥\! Nn¥n®sX¥n\p amw?
lX! Z\pPIrXm¥! kZba\¥! hZ \cIm¥!
\ckpcIm¥!
Pe[n\nim¥! ap\nIm¥mhμnX]Zm¥!
hcpWmeban∂p acp`qanbm°ph≥;
[cWo[cßsfbpw [\yioe! XI¿ØoSph≥
A[p\m XmhIo\
IcpW bZn abn XcpW Zn\aWnIncW
]cnekZv AcpWkcknP
akrW arZpXc NcW!
\XicW! IukvXp`m`cW!
F∂ kmlnXy]mTw AXn{ZpXImeØn¬
\m´°pdn™ncmKØn¬ AcßØp ]mSp∂Xv
Iemafiew ssienbntem ]≠sØ sX°≥
ssienbntem GXnembmepw alm]cm{IamI
camb kpZ¿i\N{IØns‚ almhnjvWp
hnt[bXbpw kvXpXnbpw F∂ A¿YkmIey
a√msX AXns‚ hnhn[LSI߃ B ka{Km¿
YØnte°p \¬Ip∂ kw`mh\ HcmkzmZI
- 53 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
s‚bpw D≈n¬sØfnbmdn√, AXns‚ Bhiy
sam´n√Xm\pw. CØcw kμ¿`ßfn¬
kmlnXyin¬]Øn\v kwKoXw Poh{]XnjvT
\¬Ip∂p F∂pthWw IcpXm≥.
en\nSbv°v \n›nX L´ßfn¬ ZnK¥ßƒ
s]m´nsØdn°pamdp tIƒ°mhp∂ IXn\sb
t∂mWat√ CXnse kwbp‡hyRvP\
hn\ymkw?
CtX kabw h\m¥Øn¬ GIm¥Øn¬
Ipbnens‚ ]m´pw ]n®n∏qaWw t]dp∂
sX∂epw a‰pw HØnWßnb Hcp cXneoem\p
Iqekμ¿`Øn¬ ]m©mecmPX\bsb
A\p\bn∏n°m≥ {ian°p∂ `oatk\s\
tIm´bØpXºpcm≥ AhXcn∏n®ncn°p∂Xv
Hscm‰ hyRvP\ kwbp‡Øns‚ I√pISn
t]mepan√mØ a[pctImafIm¥]ZmheoIen
Xamb Hcp at\mlct«mIw aptJ\bmWv:
Imte IZmNnZY ImanP\m\pIqte
amtebamcpXhntemfnXameXotI
eoemctk\ hnNc≥ hn]nt\ hnt\mZ˛
tememw kaocWkptXm caWow A`mWoXv.
kwKoX˛\rØßfpsS tNhSnIfn¬ kmlnXyw
\SØp∂ k¿hkzka¿∏WmflIamb km„mwK
{]WmaamWv Xn√m\. tasºmSn°p am{Xat√
AXn¬ kmlnXyap≈q?
kmlnXyIrXnIfnse kwKoXw
kwKoXIrXnIfnse kmlnXysØ
°pdn®mWt√m CXphsc \mw BtemNn®Xv.
CXns‚ adp]pdamWv kmlnXyIrXnIfnse
kwKoXw.
Ime≥ Hmtcm PohnbpsSbpw Bbp v F∂
hr£Øns‚ ISbv°¬ kz¥w sh◊gpsIm≠v
CSXShn√msX B™p sh´ns°m≠ncn°p∂p;
AXns‚ i–w lrZbanSn∏ns‚ cq]Øn¬
Gh¿°pw tIƒ°mw F∂ Na¬°mc`mkpcamb
Bibw almIhn D≈q¿ I¿W`qjWØn¬
BhnjvIcn®ncn°p∂Xv C{]ImcamWv:
ImeØpw D®bv°pw A¥n°pw cmhnepw
Ime≥ X≥ sh◊gp ssIsbSmsX
Bbp¿{Zp aqeØn¬ B™m™p sh´p∂p˛
≠mbXp lrXv kv]μthZyam¿°pw.
tIcfh¿ahenbtImbnغpc≥ cNn®
l\paZpZv`hw B´°Ybnse tIkcnbpsS
Xnct\m´w AhXcn∏n°p∂ t«mIØns‚
kz\LS\ {i≤n°pI:
Zw{„mL´\ \njvTpcm´lknXmkvt^mS
ÿhnjvTmcssh˛
cp¬kmcymip KcnjvT`oXnN]em≥
t\ZnjvTIWvTochm≥
]rjvtT ameyhXkvXzNnjvThnS]n {ZmLnjvT
imJm—Sm˛
_wlnjvtT hnPlmc tkm]n I]nhrμnjvTx
{]YnjvT{inbm.
Xr»q¿ ]qcØns‚ shSns°´n¬ Iq´s∏mcn®n
tIcfh¿ahenbtImbnغpc≥
- 54 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
BZyhcnbnse Hmtcm aq∂£cØn\pw tijw
tIƒ°mhp∂ ˛Dw F∂ kz\Øn\pth≠{X
Du∂¬ \¬Ins°m≠p≈ AhXcWØn¬
lrZbanSn∏pXs∂ {]Xn[z\n°p∂pthm F∂p
tXm∂nt∏mIpw. IhnXbnse cq]Øn\pw
`mhØn\pw CSbnep≈ ]¿hX{]Xn_‘sØ
D≈q¿k p {_“Wyk z m a n t£{XØnse
tZhXbpsS th¬ Ft∂mWw D≈q¿
almIhnbpsS hmIvi‡n \ncmbmkw Xpf®v
adp]pdsØØp∂p.
Bbncw kpkwkvIrXt«mI]pjv]Øm¬ Kpcp˛
hmbpaμntcis\∏qPn®p hgnt]mse
BbpcmtcmKykuJyw t\Snb Iho{μ\mw
{iobpX\mcmbW`´]mZ¿ F∂nßs\
tIImhrØØns‚ \mephcnIfn¬ FdnbIqdpw
\nd™p\n¬°p∂ D÷zehmMvabwsIm≠v
DØpwK{]`mh\mb ta¬]pØq¿ \mcmbW
`´Xncn∏mSns\ AhXcn∏n®n´v At±lØns‚
ap∂nemWv almIhn h≈tØmƒ ]qt¥\mw ]e
Imhyw IÆ∂p \nthZn® ]q¥m\w, ⁄m\∏m\
]mSnb ]pwktImInew F∂ a[ptcmZmc
hntijWtØmsS emfnXyØns‚ \ndIpSamb
]q¥m\w \ºqXncnsb B\bn°p∂Xv.
Bem]\Øn¬ Hscm‰ izmkwsIm≠pthWw
`´XncnbpsS AhXcWw; ]q¥m\Øn\v Hcp
izmkw t]mepw XnI®pw Bhiyan√Xm\pw!
("`‡nbpw hn`‡nbpw')
"]pØ≥ hnclw A\p`hn®v \nj[
cmPmhns\ Hm¿an®pwsIm≠v Zab¥n
P∑KrlØn¬ ]m¿°ptºmƒ \m´n¬s®√p∂Xp
\mWt°sS∂ tXm∂temsS \f≥ ZpxJw thKw
AI∂pt]mhm≥ km„mwKw \akvIcn®v
h\tZhXItfmSv Cc∂pwsIm≠p {]m¿Yn®p.' CXv
IYmJym\mflIamb Hcp t«mIw am{Xw.
tXmSncmKØn¬ AXy¥w ]Xn™ a´n¬
Be]n°mdp≈ AXns‚ cN\ Ih\Iema¿a
⁄\mb DÆmbnhmcnb¿ \n¿hln®ncn°p∂Xv
F{]Imcw F∂pt\m°pI:
\h hnclab¥ymw ss\j[w Nn¥b¥ymw
P\n`phn Zab¥ymw PmXXm]w hk¥ymw
hyk\aIsebmhm≥ hoWnc∂mip tZhm≥
\f≥ A`PX Zmhm≥ \mSp ]qhm≥ {X]mhm≥.
(\fNcnXw 3)
F{X thWsa¶nepw \o´n∏mSmhp∂ ˛¥ymw
F∂pw ˛B≥ F∂pap≈, kz\hn⁄m\
(Phonetics) Zr„ym \mZw (voice) ap¥n\n¬°p∂,
kz\k©bØns‚ XpSschcp∂ Bh¿Ø\
ØneqsS ISense Hmfw t]mse, \fs‚ Icfnse
AS°m≥ F{X ]mSps]´mepw ASßmØ
tX߬ BkzmZIlrZbm¥cmfßfn¬
BgØn¬ ams‰mens°m≈p∂p.
ImfnZmkt‚Xv F∂p IcpXnt∏mcp∂
iymafmZfiIØnse hm°pIfpsSbpw h¿
WßfpsSbpw LS\ B kvtXm{Xw D≈n¬Ø´n
Be]n°p∂h¿°p ap∂n¬ iymafm`KhXn
{]Xy£s∏Sp∂ {]XoXnbpfhmIØ°hÆ
amWv. tZhoicoch¿W\Ønse c≠p Jfiw
am{Xta ChnsS DZmlcn°p∂p≈q:
hmkcmcw`themkap÷rw`amWmchnμ{]Xn
Zzμzn]mWnZztb! k¥tXmZy±tb! AZztb!
ZnhycXvt\m¿anImZo[nXn kvtXma k‘ymb
am\mwKpeo]√thmZy∂tJμp {]`mafite!
k∂XmJfite! NnXv{]`mafite! t{]m√kXv
Ipfite!
(]pe¿ ImeØv hnS¿∂pbcp∂ sN¥mac∏q
°ƒ°p t\cmb Xrss°Ifp≈htf! F√mbv
t∏mgpw Zb D≈n¬ DZn®psIm≠ncn°p∂htf!
cs≠∂ mhan√mØhtf! ZnhycXv\߃ ]Xn®
alm-Ihn D≈q¿
- 55 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
tamXncßfn¬\n∂v HmfwX√p∂ {]ImiIncW
k©bØm¬ A¥nØpSp∏nb∂ Xfn¿ss°
hncepIfn¬ \n∂pZn°p∂ \JN{μ{]`mafie
ßfm¿∂htf! tZth{μ≥ kmZcw \akvIcn°p
∂htf! ⁄m\{]Imiw {]kcn∏n°p∂htf!
Gsd Xnfßn CfInbmSp∂ IpfießfWn
™htf!)
`‡P\ßfn¬ _lp`qcn]£Øn\pw CØcw
htNmhnemkØns‚ s]mcpsfm∂pw ]nSnIn´m
\nSbns√¶nepw CXv X´pw XShpan√msX
sNm√nt°ƒ°ptºmƒ Ah¿°v tZhokm∂n[yw
A\p`hs∏Sp∂p. Xmf\n_≤amwhÆw kw`hn
°p∂ kz\k©bkwLS\Øns‚ A¬`pXmh
lamb C{μPmeamWv Cu A\p`hw F∂pthWw
IcpXm≥.
kmlnXyhpw kwKoXhpw kaRvPkw
ktΩfn°p∂ ]mT߃ ssIImcyw sNøm≥
NpaXes∏´h¿ AhbpsS A¿Yw a\ nem
°m\pw `mhw tNm¿∂pt]mhmsX ]I¿∂p\¬
Im\pw X° coXnbn¬ A£cip≤n \ne\n
¿Øm\pw ]camh[n a\ ncptØ≠Xns‚
{]m[m\yamWv ap≥ JfinIIfn¬ \n∂pcpØn
cnbp∂Xv.
bm Iptμμp Xpjmc lmc [hfm... F∂p
XpSßp∂ {]kn≤amb kckzXokvXpXnt«mIw
Hcmƒ \nt»jPmUym ]lm F∂p ]eIpdn ]mSn
Ahk\n∏n°p∂Xp tIƒ°m\nSbmbn.
ASpØncp∂ncp∂ HcmkzmZI≥ Ft∂mSp
tNmZn®p: ""Cu "]lm' F∂m¬ F¥mW¿Yw
k¿?''
""KmbIt\mSpXs∂ tNmZn®p t\m°q''
It®cn Ign™v thZnbn¬ \n∂ndßnb KmbI
\n¬\n∂v At±lØn\p In´nb {]XnIcWw
Cßs\: ""A∏w Xn∂m¬t∏mtc? AXnse
IpgnIsfms° FÆnt\m°os´¥m Imcyw! A¿Yw
At\zjn®psIm≠ncp∂m¬ It®cn BkzZn°m≥
]‰n√.''
IncmXw IYIfn: A¿Pp\\pw IncmX\pw XΩn¬
s]mcn™ bp≤w.
""t]mSm! \o BscSm? aqVm! Rms\bvX
Infnsb°qtS hs∂bvXnSmtamSm aqVm?''
F∂ Bh¿Øn®p≈ ]m´ptI v IncmX≥ IÆn¬
Xo ]mdns°m≠v ]n∂n-te°p t\m°n; t{]£ Icn¬
]ecpsSbpw s\‰n Npfn™p; Nne¿°p Nncn s]m´n.
\S≥ Infn F∂ hnUvVnØØn¬ hoWn√; InSn
(= ]∂n) F∂ icn Xs∂ ImWn®p.
\fNcnXw H∂n¬ \n¿P\w F∂tXbp≈q
KpWtam F∂ thIScmK]Zw. {]ikvX\mb
s]m∂m\n_v`mKhX¿ ]ehpcp ]mSns°mSpØp:
""]SpX a∑Z\s‚ ]ShoSntX''
A{X {]ikvX\s√¶nepw B´°Ym]mTw
A¿Yadn™p ]Tn®ph®ncp∂ in¶nSn ""]SpXa≥
aZ\s‚ ]ShoSntX'' F∂ icnhgnXs∂ XpS¿∂p.
\fNcnXw aq∂nse hk hk kqX F∂
{]kn≤]ZØn¬
""]Nnt°Ww `qkpcsc; `pPn∏nt°Ww'' F∂p
]mSnt∏mIp∂Xpw tIƒ°m\nSbmbn´p≠v,
""]Nnt°Ww; `qkpcsc `pPn∏nt°Ww''
F∂Xn\p ]Icw!
tUm. hn B¿ {]t_m[N{μ≥ \mb¿ Fw F. ]n F®v Un (tIcf), ]n F®v Un (e≠≥)
{]kn≤ mjmimkv{X⁄≥, FgpØpImc≥, {]`mjI≥, ¢mkn°¬ IeIfn¬
\njvWmX≥; Zo¿LImew tIcfk¿hIemimebnse `mjmimkv{Xhn`mKw
A[y£≥, A¥mcm{„ tIcf]T\tI{μØns‚ UbdIv‰¿, ]uckvXy
]T\^m°¬´n Uo≥; kztZiØpw hntZißfnepw hnhn[k¿hIemimeIfn¬
AXnYn˛{]^k¿. Ct∏mƒ Xncph\¥]pcØv Xp©≥ kvamcIw, FgpØ—≥
\mjW¬ A°mZan, hnthIm\μ kmwkvImcnI tI{μw, kwkvIrXn
F∂nhbpsS A[y£≥.
- 56 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
tUm. ANyp-Xvi-¶¿ Fkv. \mb¿
I¿Æm-SI kwKo-X-Ir-Xn-I-fnse Hcp hn`m-
K-amWv t£{X-Ir-Xn-Iƒ. Hcp {]tXyI t£{X-
Ønse tZh-Xsb ]cm-a¿in-°p∂ IrXn-I-fmWv
Cu hn`m-K-Øn¬s∏-Sp-I. t£{X-Øns‚ Ncn-{X-
sØ-°p-dn®pw sFXn-ly-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw BNm-c-ß-
sf-°p-dn-®p-ap≈ Hcp tcJ-bmbn Nne-t∏m-sg-¶nepw
CØcw IrXn-Iƒ amdm-dp-≠v. I¿Æm-S-I kwKoX
Xraq¿Øn-I-fmb XymK-cm-P≥, Zo£n-X¿, iyma-
imkv{Xn F∂n-hcpw Ah¿°p ka-Im-eo-\-cm-bn-
cp∂ kzmXn-Xn-cp-\mƒ, Cc-bn-Ω≥ Xºn XpS-ßn-
b-hcpw kao-]-Ime kwKoX cN-bn-Xm-°-fmb ]m]-
\miw inh≥, Xpf-ko-h-\w, Aw_p-Pw-Ir-jvW≥
F∂n-hcpw CØcw IrXn-Iƒ cNn-®n-´p-≠v. tIc-f-
Ønse t£{X-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ t£{X-Ir-Xn-I-
fmWv Cu teJ-Ønse ]cm-a¿i-\-hn-j-bw.
kwKo-X-Xr-aq¿Øn-I-fn¬ Zo£n-X-cmWv tIc-
f-Øn¬ kμ¿i\w \S-Øp-Ibpw Chn-SpsØ
t£{X-ß-sf-°p-dn®v Io¿Ø-\-߃ cNn-°p-Ibpw
sNbvX GI hy‡n. Xan-gv\m- nse t£{X-ß-fn¬
{]ap-J-ß-fm-b-h-sbms° Xs‚ kwKo-X-Ir-Xn-
Iƒ°v hnj-b-am-°nb Zo£n-X¿ DØ-tc¥y apX¬
tIcfw hsc k©-cn-®n- p-≈-Xmbn At±-l-Øns‚
tIc-f-Ønse t£{X-߃ ˛I¿Æm-SI kwKoX Io¿Ø-\-ßfn¬
PohNcn-{X-Øn¬ \n∂p a\- n-em-°mw. {iocwKw
t£{X-sØ-°p-dn®v At±lw hrμ-mh-\-km-cwK
cmK-Øn¬ cNn-°p-Ibpw `mc-X-cXv\ {ioaXn Fw.-
F-kv. kp∫-e£van Ah¿I-fpsS Bem-]-\-Øn-
eqsS Z£n-tW-¥y-bn-ep-S-\ofw {]Nm-c-Øn-em-Ip-
Ibpw sNbvXn-´p≈ ""{io cwK-]p-c-hn-lmc'' F∂
Io¿Ø\w Ct±-l-Øns‚ t£{X-Ir-Xnbv°v anI®
DZm-l-c-W-ambn ]d-bmw. Ct±-l-Øns‚ Pohn-X-
km-bm-”-Øn¬ injy-\mb hSn-th-ep-hns‚ £W-
Øn-em-bn-cn°mw Ct±lw Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-c-sØ-Øn-
b-Xv. I¿Æm-SI kwKoX temIØv {]i-kvX-\mbn
XpS-ßn-bn-cp∂ kzmXn-Xn-cp-\m-fns‚ kZ- n¬
1832-˛-emWv hSn-thep FØn-t®-cp-∂-Xv. kzmXn-Xn-
cp-\mfpw Zo£n-Xcpw XΩn¬ I≠-Xn\p sXfn-shm-
∂p-an-s√-¶nepw {io]-fl-\m` kzman-sb-°p-dn®v
Zo£n-X-cpsS Io¿Ø\w {]NmcØnep-≠v. ""]∂-
K-i-b\'' F∂ a[y-am-h-Xn-cmK Io¿Ø-\-Øn¬
""D∂X ]mWvUy tIcf \nhmk'' F∂pw ""]mb-
km∂ {]nb-Ic'' F∂pw ""]c-ip-cma t£{X-{]-
`mh'' F∂pw ]cm-a¿i-ap-≠v.
""c‡-K-W-]Xnw'' F∂ taml-\-cm-K-Io¿Ø-
\-Ønepw ""]c-ip-cm-a-t£{X {]`mhw'' F∂v Zo£n-
X¿ {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-s≠-¶nepw CXv GXp t£{X-
sØ-°p-dn-®m-sW∂p hy‡-a√.
i_-cn-ae [¿Ω-im-kvXm-hn--s\-°p-dn-®p≈
Io¿Ø-\-amWv Zo£n-X-cpsS IrXn-I-fn¬ tIc-f-
kw-_-‘-ambn G‰hpw {]ap-JambXv. ""{io lcn-
l-c-]p{Xw'' F∂ hk-¥-cmK Io¿Ø\w [¿Ω
imkvXm-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ G‰hpw ]gb I¿Æm-
SI kwKoX Io¿Ø\w Xs∂ (1835-˛\p ap≥]m-bn-
cn-°Ww CXns‚ cN-\-˛-Zo-£n-X¿ 1835-˛¬ A¥-
cn-®p.) ae-bm-fn-bmb kzmXn-Xn-cp-\m-tfm, Cc-bn-Ω≥
Xºntbm [¿Ω-im-kvXm-hns\ kvXpXn®v Fgp-Xn-
b-Xmbn Adn-hn√ F∂Xv {]tXyIw {it≤-b-am-Wv.
- 57 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
1830- -I-fn¬ i_-cn-a-e-bn-tebv°v Z£n-tW-¥y-bn¬
\n∂p-ap-gp-h-\p≈ Hgp°v {]i-kvX-am-bn-cp∂p F∂-
Xn\p sXfnhv 1838 -˛¬ Xncp -h-\-¥-]p -csØ
Kh:{] n¬ \n∂v kzmXn-bpsS ImeØp Xs∂
]pdØp h∂ tlmgvkn-en-bpsS Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿
Ncn{X ]pkvXIw Xs∂ ˛ CXn¬ ""sNmh-cn-
ae''bn¬ I∂-S-˛-sX-ep¶v tZiØp \n∂p-hsc
`‡¿ FØp-∂-Xmbn ]cm-a¿i-ap-≠v. IqSmsX
i_-cn-a-e-bn¬ 1006 taSamk-Øn¬ I≈-∑m¿
Ibdn tamjWw \S-Øn-b-t∏mƒ Ahsc Xan-
gv\m´nse Iºw Ducn¬ \n∂p ]nSn-®-Xn\pw a[p-
c-bnse tImS-Xn-bn¬ hnNm-cW \S-Øn-b-Xn-\p-
ambn 133 cq] Nne-hm-b-Xmbn sIm√-h¿jw 1007-
˛se lPq¿ Xnc v kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. AXm-b-Xv, {]i-
kvXn -s°m∂pw Ahcpw Ipd-hn -√m-bn -cp -∂p,
F∂m¬ Hcp kºq¿Æ ssZh-ambn Aø-∏≥
A∂p kh¿Æ-cpsS CS-bn¬ ]cn-K-Wn-°-s∏- n-cp-
∂n√ F∂p kwi-bn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Zo£n-X-
cpsS Io¿Ø-\-Øn¬ Aø-∏-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ ]cm-a¿i-
ß-fn¬ ""Kucn-Kncn hnlmcw-, ""^m¬Kp-\-am-k-
]u¿Æn-am-h-Xmcw-, ""]mWvUy-tI-c-fm-Zn-tZ-i-{]-`m-
Icw'' F∂pw ""]pjv]-i-tc-£p-Im¿ap-I-[-cw'', p√-
I¬lmc ZWvU-[-c-Icw F∂pw ]d-bp-∂p-≠v.
`‡n-km-ln-Xy-Øn¬ \n∂p I¿Æm-SI
kwKoX thZn-bn-se-Ønb Hcp Km\-sØ-°p-dn®v
IqSn ChnsS ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂Xv {]k-‡-am-bn-
cn°pw F∂p tXm∂p-∂p. lcn-h-cm-k\w F∂
Aø∏-kvXpXn a[y-am-hXn cmK-Øn¬ Gsd {]Nm-
c-Øn-ep-≠v. {io.-Pn. tZh-cm-P≥ CuWw \¬In
kn\n-a-bn-eq-sS-bmWv Cu Km\w C∂sØ kwKo-
X-in-ev]-ambn P\-a-\- n¬ {]Xn-jvT-t\-Sn-b-Xv.
A⁄mX I¿XrXzw D≈ Cu Km\-km-lnXyw
hnI-e-am-sW∂pw Nn¥m-Ip-g-∏-ap-≠m-°p∂ hcn-Iƒ
D≈-Xm -sW∂pw {io. FXn -c≥ IXn -c -h≥
tªmKnepw B\p-Im-en-I-ß-fnepw IqsS hmZn-°p-
I-bp-≠m-bn. CXv ]q¿Æ-ambpw icn-b-s√∂v Cu
teJ-I\pw hmZn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. ""]pen-hm-l-\≥''
F∂p-]-d-bmsX ""B\-hm-l-\≥'' ""IpXn-c-hm-l-
\≥'' F∂p am{Xta ]d-™n- p≈q F∂ hmZ-Øn\v
adp-]-Sn-bmWv Zo£n-X-cpsS Io¿Ø\w. CXn¬ ""cY-
K-P-Xp-cwKw'' F∂m-Wt√m ]cm-a¿iw.
Kpcp-hm-bq¿ {ioIr-jvW-s\-°p-dn-®mWv Zo£n-
X-cpsS tijn-°p∂ Hcp tIc-f-Ir-Xn. tXmSn-cm-K-
Ønse ""{ioIrjvWw `P-am-\k'' Gsd {]i-kvX-
am-Wv. Nc-W-Ønse a[y-a-Ime kmln-Xy-Øn¬
""Kpcp-]-h-\-]p-cm-[o-iw-tem-tIiw'' F∂v t£{X
]cm-a¿iw D≠v.
C\n kzmXn IrXn-I-fn-tebv°v IS-°p-∂-Xn\p
ap≥]v Cc-bn-Ω≥ Xºnsb ]cm-a¿in-t°-≠n-bn-cn-
°p-∂p. tIcf hmt§-b-Im-c-∑m-cpsS Io¿Ø-\-ß-
fn¬ ae-bm-fn-bpsS a\- n¬ Nnc-{]-XnjvT t\Snb
Io¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ H∂v Xºn-bpsS Icp-W-sNbvhm≥
Xs∂. {iocm -K -Øn¬ ]mSn -h -∂n -cp∂ Cu
Io¿Ø\w sNssº bZp-Ip-e-Imw-t_m-Pn-bn¬ am‰n-
∏m-Snbtijw c≠p coXn-bn¬ C∂v {]Nm-c-Øn-
ep-≠v. ""Kpcp-hm-bq¿ ]pcw X∂n¬ acp-hp-a-Jne Zpcn-
X-l-cW `K-hm≥'' F∂p {]Io¿Øn-®p-sIm≠v
hmXmZn tcmKw Xo¿ØpsIm≈m≥ A`y¿∞n-°p-
∂Xv sFXn-ly-kva-c-W-bn-em-sW∂p hy‡w.
A{X {]i-kvX-a-√mØ a‰p Nne Io¿Ø-\-
ß-fnepw Xºn Kpcp-hm-bq-c-∏s\ ]cm-a¿in-®n-´p-
≠v. Xncp-hn-Xmw-Iq¿ cmP-hw-i-Øns‚ ]c-tZ-h-X-
bmb B‰n-߬ Xncp-hm-dm-´p-Imhv `K-h-Xnsb
{]Io¿Øn®v Xºn-bpsS Ht´sd IrXn-Iƒ ImWmw.
Bc-`n-cm-K-h¿Æ-amb ""Aw_ Kucn Kncn-It\y''
HcpZm-l-c-W-am-Wv. sIm√sØ Np‰p-ae `K-hXn
t£{X-hp-ambpw Cc-bn-Ω≥ Xºn-bpsS IpSpw-_-
Øn\p _‘-ap-≈-Xn-\m¬ AXpw Hcp IrXn-bn¬
(i-¶-cm-`-c-Ww) ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p-≠v.
- 58 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
C\n kzmXn Io¿Ø-\-ß-fnse t£{X-Ir-
Xn-Iƒ ]cn-tim-[n-°mw. Ing°v I\ym-Ip-amcn tZhn
apX¬ hS°v Kpcp-hm-bq¿ hsc kzmXn-bpsS Xqen-
Ibv°v ]m{X-am-bn-´p-≠v. \h-cm{Xn Io¿Ø-\-ß-
fn¬ 8˛m-a-tØ-Xv, \m´-°p-dn©n cmK-Ønse ]mln
P\\n k¥Xw ˛ I\ym-Ip-_vP-hm-kn-bmb tZhn-
sb-°p-dn-®m-Wv. I\ym-Ip-amcn Pn√-bnse Xs∂
ipNo{μw t£{Xw (htμ atl-izcw Bc-`n-cmKw
˛ hmk-h-ip-Nn-Icw F∂p ]cm-a¿iw, Ietb
]m¿ΔXn \mYw-˛-i-¶-cm-`-c-Ww), ]fl-\m-`-]p-csØ
B\-μ-h√n tZhn-t£{Xw (B-\-μ-h√n ˛ \oem-
_w-cn) F∂n-hbpw {]i-kvX-ß-fm-Wv. Xncp-h-\-
¥-]pcw Pn√-bn¬ FØn-bm¬ kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw
]fl-\m-` -a -b-amb Io¿Ø-\-ß-fmWv \ap°v
ImWm≥ km[n-°p-I. ]fl-\m- -kvXp-Xn-I-fmb Ccp-
∂q-dn-e-[nIw Io¿Ø-\-߃ Ds≠-¶nepw t£{X
]cm-a¿iw hnc-en-se-Æm-hp-∂-h-bm-Wv. \ma-am-{X-
amb ]cm-a¿i-ß-fmWv A[n-I-hpw. kym\-μq-]p-c-
A-a-e-Zo]w (tkth {ioIm¥w ˛ taml-\-I-eym-
Wn), kym\μq-c-\-K-co-tim-`m-b-am-\-tKlw (km-
tamZw ˛ ip≤-[-\ym-kn), kym\-μq-c-]p-tci (]-c-a-
]p-cpjw ˛ hk-¥) F∂nh DZm-l-c-W-߃.
F∂m¬ t`mKo-{μ-i-mbn\w (Ip-¥-f-h-cm-fn- -J-WvU-
Nm-∏v) thdn´p \n¬°p-∂p. Znhm-I-c-ap-\n-bp-ambn
_‘-s∏´ t£{X sFXn-ly-amWv c≠mw Nc-W-
Ønse ]cm-a¿iw. h©n am¿Øm-WvU-h¿Ω
\n¿Ωn® Im©-\-hn-am-\-Øn¬ ekn-°p-∂-h-
\mbpw, e£-Zo]w XpSßn h©n cmPm-°-∑m¿
\S-Øp∂ D’-h-ß-fn¬ can-°p-∂-h-\mbpw aq∂pw
\mepw Nc-W-ß-fn¬ ]fl-\m-`≥ h¿Æn-°-s∏-´n-
cn-°p-∂p. GXm-≠ntX D≈-S°w Xs∂-bmWv Pb
Pb ]fl-\m` F∂ {]i-kvX-amb kc-kmwKn cmK-
Ir-Xn-bnepw tkth-{io-]-fl-\m-`-a-\niw F∂
taml-\-cm-K-Ir-Xn-bnepw ImWm-hp-∂-Xv. ]vXa-\m-
-kzman t£{X-Øn¬ c≠p \q‰m-≠p-I-fmbn kwL-
Sn-∏n®p hcp∂ \h-cm{Xn D’-h-sØ-°p-dn®p BZy
c≠p \h-cm-{Xn-Ir-Xn-I-fn¬ hnh-c-Wap≠v (tZ-ho-
P-K-÷\\n ˛ i¶-cm-`-c-Ww, ]mln-amw-{io-hm-Ko-
izcn ˛ Ieym-Wn).
Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw \K-c-Ønse as‰mcp {]apJ
t£{X-amb {ioI-WvtT-iz-csØ Ipdn®v GXm\pw
IrXn-I-fn¬ ]cm-a¿i-ap-≠v. ]fl-\m` kzman-t£-
{X-sØ-°mƒ ]g-°-ap-s≠∂p hniz-kn-°-s∏-Sp∂
Cu t£{X-sØ-°p-dn-®mWv ""]me-b-am-a-bnt`m''
(J-a-mkv cmKw) F∂ Io¿Ø\w. Xncp-h-\¥-]pcw
Pn√-bn¬ B‰n-ß-en-ep≈ Xncp-hm-dm-´p-Imhv Gsd
tZhn-Io¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ ]cm-a¿in-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.
]mln-]¿Δ-X-\-μn\n (B-c`n ˛9mw \h-cm{Xn
Io¿Ø-\w), P\-\n-]m-ln-kZm (ip-≤-km-th-cn ˛
7- mw \h-cm{Xn Io¿Ø-\w) F∂n-h-bn¬ ""hmln\o
XS-\n-hm-kn\n'' (hm-ln-\oXSw = B‰n-߬) F∂v
tZhnsb hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Bc`n Io¿Ø-\-Øn¬
""h©n-\r-]m-eI hwi ipt`m-Zb'' F∂v cmP-Ip-
Spw-_-Øns‚ ]c-tZ-h-Xm-ÿm\w FSpØp ]d-bp-
∂p-≠v. Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-c-Øn\p ]pdØv Aº-e-∏pg
{ioIr-jvW≥ (tZh ]meb Akm-thcn ""Aw_-
c-\-Zo-hmk'' F∂p ]c-am¿iw), Kpcp-hm-bq-c-∏≥
(]m-ln-]-¶-P-\-b\ Akm-thcn Ct∏mƒ Bt`-
cn-bn¬ ]mSn-h-cp∂p ""Kpcp-]-h-\-]p-cm-[n]'' F∂p
]c-am¿iw), hbv°w inh≥ (]m-ln-X-c-£-]p-cm-
eb ˛ B\-μ-ss`-c-hn), lcn-∏mSv kp{_-“-Wy≥
(tZ-h-am-abn tIZm-c-Ku-fw), Ipam-c-\-√q¿ K-hXn
- 59 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
({io-Ip-am-c-\-K-cm-etb ˛ ATm-W) F∂n-h-bmWv
a‰v {]apJ kzmXn t£{X-Io¿Ø-\-߃.
tIc-f-Øn-e-s√-¶nepw kzmXn-bpsS ""hntiz-
izc'' `P≥ ]cm-a¿in-°msX hø. ""hntiz-iz-cs\
Z¿in-°m≥ a\-tk, Imin-bn-te°v t]mIq'' F∂
lrZb kv]¿in-bmb lnμp-ÿm\n `P≥ {it≤-
b-am-Wv. 34 hb- m-Ip-∂-Xn\p apºv Cl-tem-I-
hmkw shSn™ kzmXn-bpsS `uXn-Im-h-injvSw
Im-in-bn¬ Hgp°n-bn-cn-°p∂p F∂pw Adn-bp-I.
Cc-bn-Ω≥ Xºn-bpsS aIƒ Ip´n-Ip™p
X¶-®nbpw GXm\pw t£{X-Ir-Xn-Iƒ cNn-®n-´p-
≠v. ""£oc-X-Sm-I-X-Sm-e-b-hmtk'' F∂v ]m¬°p-
f-ßc tZhnsb Ipdn®v ]cm-a¿in-°p∂ Imwt_m-
Pn-cm-K-Ønse ""Im¿Xym-b-\namw'' F∂ IrXnbpw
""LrX-\-Zo-Xo-c-\n-e-b\w'' F∂v s\øm-‰n≥Ic
{ioIr-jvWs\ Ipdn®v ]cm-a¿i-ap≈ ""]mln-tam-
l-\m-IrtX'' F∂ JamkvcmK-Ir-Xn-Ifpw DZm-l-
c-W-߃. CXn¬ c≠m-a-tØXv kmam\yw {]Nm-
c-ap≈ IrXn-bm-Wv.
Xangv kn\nam cwKØv Gsd {]i-kvX-\mb
]m]-\miw inh≥ H∂mwInS hmt§-b-Im-c≥ IqSn-
bm-bn-cp∂p. Ct±lw _mey-Imew Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-
c-ØmWv Nne-h-gn-®n-cp-∂Xv (20- mw \q‰m-≠ns‚ XpS-
°-Z -i -I -Øn¬). t^m¿´ v sslkv°qƒ
hnZym¿∞nbpw Bbn-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv Xan-gv\m-Sm-bn-
cp∂p I¿Ω aWvU-e-sa-¶nepw tIc-f-sØ-°p-dn®v
kzm`m-hnI Xmev]cyw At±-l-Øn-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
i_-cn-ae [¿Ω-im-kvXm-hns\ kvXpXn®v Gsd
Io¿Ø-\-߃ At±-l-Øn-t‚-Xm-bp-≠v. ic-W-a-
ø∏m F∂ apJmcn cmK IrXn CXn¬ {]i-kvX-
am-Wv. Aw_pPw IrjvW-s\-t∏m-ep≈ Xangv Km\-
c-N-bn-Xm-°fpw tIc-fob t£{X-Ir-Xn-Iƒ cNn-®n-
´p≠v (Kp-cp-hm-bq-c-∏t\ ˛ coXn-Ku-f).
tIc-f-Ønse A`n-\h Km\-Ir-Øp-°-fn¬
Xpf-ko-h\w (B¿. cma-N-{μ≥ \mb¿) Gsd
t£{X Io¿Ø-\-߃ cNn -®n -´p≠v F∂v
{]tXyIw ]cm-a¿in-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Gsd Adn-
b-s∏-SmØ t£{X-ßfpw At±-l-Øns‚ Xqen-I-
bn-eqsS I¿Æm-SI kwKoX `q]-S-Øn¬ FØn-
t®¿∂n- p-≠v. Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-csØ iwJp-apJw tZhn-
sb-°p-dn®v ""Kncn-h-c-]p-{Xnw, kc-kn-P-t\{Xnw''
F∂ ZznPm-h-¥n-cm-K-Ønse at\m-l-c-amb IrXn
DZm-l-c-W-am-Wv. Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-c-Øv Ing-t°-tIm-
´bv°v kao]w ÿnXn sNøp∂ ]g-h-ßmSn alm-
K-W-]-Xnsb kvXpXn®v H∂ntesd Io¿Ø-\-߃
Xpf-ko-h-\-Øn-t‚-Xm-bp-≠v (]¿Δ-X-X-\pP Jam-
kv, `P-am\k ˛ _lp-Zm-cn, GI-c-Z\w ˛ lntμm-
fw.) It®-cn-I-fpsS XpS-°-Øn¬ h¿Æw Ign™v
KW-]Xn kvXpXn-bmbn ]mSm≥ ]mI-Øn¬ Kmb-
I\v sXc-s™-Sp-°m≥ ]pXnb km[y-X-Iƒ
\¬Ip∂ Cu Io¿Ø-\-߃ kmam\yw {i≤
]nSn®p ]‰n-b-h-bm-Wv.
Cu teJ-\-Øn¬ CXp-hsc ]cm-a¿in-°-
s∏-Sm-sX-t]mb H∂pIqSn kqNn-∏n-®p-sIm≠v
teJ\w Ah-km-\n-∏n-°mw. ]fl-\m` kzman
t£{X-Ønse 9 Znh -ksØ D’hw
h¿Æn®psIm≠v kzmXn Xncp-\mƒ 9 JWvU-ß-
fmbn cNn-®n-´p≈ D’h {]_‘w c≠p ImcWw
sIm≠v {it≤-b-am-Wv. Hmtcm Znh-k-sØbpw BNm-
c-߃ h¿Æn-°p∂p F∂ \ne-bn¬ CsXmcp
Ncn{X tcJ-bmbn \ne-sIm-≈p-∂p. IqSmsX ]®
ae-bm-f-Øns‚ {]tbmKw kzmXn-bpsS Fgp-Øn¬
G‰hpw ImWp-∂Xv CXn¬ Xs∂.
Xmgºq \nd-am¿∂ ]q¥p-In-eXpw
XmgØp sNtΩ-cn-[-cn˛
t®gm-ap-’h hmktc in_n-I-ta¬
hmgp∂p e£van-h-c≥
(D-’h {]_‘w 7˛mw Znhkw
t«mIw ˛ awK-f-Iuin-I-cm-Kw)
tUm. ANyp-Xvi-¶¿ Fkv. \mb¿ : Ub-dIvS¿, sk‚¿ t^m¿ _tbm
C≥^¿am-‰nIvkv, tIcf k¿Δ-I-em-ime, kwKoX \n]p-W≥, {]ikvX
imkv{X-⁄≥.
- 60 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
Sn.-F-kv. cm[m-Ir-jvWPn
kwKoXw Cuiz-c≥
Cuiz-c-kr-jvSn-bmb k]vX-kz-c-ßfpw kzc-
tZ-h-X-am-cm-Wv, F¶n¬ kwKoXw Cuiz-c≥ Xs∂-
bt√!
]pcm-W-Imew apX¬ `mc-Xob kwkv°m-c-
Øn¬ kwKoXw Cuizc Bcm-[-bv°p-th≠n am{X-
amWv D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. Bcm-[-\m-e-b-ß-fn¬
a\pjy a\- n\p `‡n-bpw, i‡nbpw \¬Ip∂
A¥-co-£-am-bn-cp-∂p.
ChnsS Fs‚ Kpcp-h-N\w Rm≥ Hm¿°p-I-
bm-Wv. \ΩpsS {Xnaq¿Øn-I-fmb hmt§-b-Im-c-∑m¿
{io XymK-cm-P-kzm-an-I-fpw, {io apØp-kzman Zo£n-
X-cpw, {io iyma-im-kv{Xn-I-fpw. Ah-cpsS F√m
Io¿Ø-\-ß-fnepw Cuizc km£m-Xv°mcw sXfn-
bn-®-h-cm-Wv.
{]tXy-In®pw XymK-cmP kzman-Iƒ AXn¬
apJy]¶p-h-ln -®n -cn -°p -∂p. At±-l-Øns‚
[\ymkn cmK-Øn-ep≈ ""kwKo-X-⁄m-\-ap`‡n''
F∂p XpS-ßp∂ Io¿Ø\w Xs∂ henb Hcp
DZm-l-c-W-am-Wv.
a\p-jy≥ Xs‚ I¿Ω aWvU-e-ß-fn¬ ‡n-
bn-√msX ⁄m\w sIm≠p-am{Xw GXp I¿Ωw
sNbvXmepw AXp ]q¿Æ-am-Ip-∂n-√. {]tXy-In®p
kwKo-X-Øn¬. hfsc ASpØ Ime-ØmWv \Ωƒ
kwKo-XsØ ]m´m-bpw, Km\-ß-fmbpw am‰n-b-Xv.
{]tXy-In®p \ΩpsS kn\nam Km\-ßfpw efnX Km\-
ßfpw CXns‚ DØ-a-amb DZm-l-c-W-ß-fm-Wv.
`K-hms‚ \maw Io¿Øn-°msX sNm√p∂
Hcp krjvSnbpw kwKo-X-tØmSp ASp-°p-∂n-√.
\mak¶o¿Ø-\-sa∂p XymK-cm-P-kzm-anbpw `{Zm-
New cma-Zm-k-cpw, \mcm-b-W-Xo¿∞cpw a‰p
At\Iw alm-flm-°fpw \ap°p ImWn®p X∂
hgn \maw Io¿Ø-\-ß-fn-eq-sS Cuizc km£m-
Xv°m-c-Øn\p hgn sXfn-bn-®p-X-cp∂p F∂-Xm-Wv.
ChnsS Hcp Imcyw Rm≥ ]d-bp-hm≥ B{K-
ln-°p-I-bm-Wv. kwKo-X-Øns‚ G‰hpw henb
XØz-hpw, kXyhpw {ipXn-am-Xm-eb:]nXm F∂
hmIy-am-Wv.
GXp Kmb-I\pw, Km-bn-Ibpw Xs‚ \mZ-Øn-
eqsS Cu {ipXnsb As√-¶n¬ kzcsØ tN¿Øp
Bem-]\w sNbvXn-s√-¶n¬ Cu kzc-ÿm-\-߃
hnI-emw-K-cm-Ip∂p. F∂p sh®m¬ kzc-tZ-h-X-
am¿t]mepw CXn¬ _m[n-°-s∏-Sp∂p F∂v
]o∂oSpw km£m¬ {io\m-cZ al¿jn Xs‚
Xo¿∞-Pew Xfn®p Cu kzc-tZ-h-X-amsc ]q¿Δ-
ÿm-\-tØ-°p-sIm≠p hcp∂p F∂p-≈Xp Xs∂
henb Hcp DZm-l-c-W-am-Wv.
Cuiz-c\p ka¿∏n-t°≠ G‰hpw henb
\nth-Zy-amWv kwKo-Xw. \ΩpsS \nXy-]q-P-bn¬
t]mepw KoXw, hmZyw, \rØw F∂nh `K-hm\p
ka¿∏n-°p-hm≥ \ΩpsS Ejn-iz-c-∑m¿ \ap°p D]-
tZiw sNbvXn- p-≠v. Fs‚ Pohn-XsØ G‰hpw IqSp-
X¬ kwKo-Xw-sIm≠p A\p-{K-ln-®Xp Aø-∏-kzm-
an- am{Xw. Fs‚ kwKoX Pohn-X-Øn¬ G‰hpw
IqSp-X¬ Aø-∏-\m-a-ß-fmWv K-hm≥ F\n°p A\p-
{K-ln®p \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXp-sIm≠pXs∂
Fs‚ Ffnb Adnhp sh®p Aø-∏-kzman Fgp-Xn®
Cu \nthZyw Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc Aø∏-kzm-an-bpsS
]mZ-Øn¬ Rm≥ ka¿∏n-°p-∂p.
Sn.Fkv. cm[m-Ir-jvWPn : {]ikvX kwKoX kwhn-[m-b-I≥. `‡nKm\˛\ma
k¶o¿Ø\ cwKØv kPo-hw.
a™{] taml-\s‚ \ma-k-¶o¿Ø\w
- 61 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
P\p-hcn 11 1187 [\p 27 D’hw sImSn-tb‰v
P\p-hcn 15 1187 aIcw 1 aI-c-hn-f°v
P\p-hcn 16 1187 aIcw 2 D’hw Bdm v
s^{_p-hcn 16 1187 Ipw`w 03 {io]q¿Æ{Xboi t£{XØnse ]d Fgps∂≈n∏v
am¿®v 24 1187 ao\w 11 [zP-{]-XnjvTmZn\w
am¿®v 26 1187 ao\w 13 ao\`cWn
G{]n¬ 05 1187 ao\w 23 ]¶p-\n- D-{Xw, \nth-Zy-kZy
G{]n¬ 14 1187 taSw 1 hnjp , alm-K-W-]-Xn-tlmaw
Pqsse 16 1187 I¿°n-SIw 1 cmam-b-W-amkw Bcw`w
BKÃv 16 1187 I¿°n-SIw 32 I¿°n-SI \nd-ame, X{¥n-]qP
BKÃv 21 1188 Nnßw 05 hn\m-bI NXp¿∞n, alm-K-W-]Xn tlmaw
HIvtSm_¿ 22,23,24 1188 Xpemw 6,7,8 \h-cm{Xn D’hw
\hw-_¿ 16 1188 hr›nIw 1 aWvU-e-Imew Bcw- w
\hw_¿ 24 1188 hr›nIw 9 imkvXmw]m v , \nthZykZy
Unkw-_¿ 26 1188 [\p 11 aWvU-e-]q-P, BZw-]n-≈n-°mhv K-h-Xn-bpsS
hnf-°n-s\-gp-∂-≈n∏v
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc {io[¿Ω imkvXm t£{XØnse2012 h¿j-Ønse hntij-Zn -h-k-߃
- 62 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
t£{XØnse {][m\ hgn]mSpIƒ
Goãem£cvhtp
meìew òùcböèx Mem£ebfszÜ mVjthceã lec-jXkgä~j ùMrOqîMem£ebx cue ssboõvgX,ìfùhùhmeofãgX ECx. mqbªajeiMcvèfvgXGÑfóxSkejõmeíõèfvgX aìùlèfw Goãem£-cvhtp vëègÿlx Hnùhocsùl. DvgYbÆqhJåJfåx Fah¥eW aìùlèfw OejeäX ahqGoãem£cvhtp bBfheëeãf vëèfbjgÿg.
iChlf auecX
ùMrbfIxavMVj ùhrlfTeãf aìùlèfw SnâeofbmbgX cgë~esl jebfsn iChlf auecXbBfheëeãf vëèf bjgÿg. ktëglw Y©pv-~W Fd bBfheëx vëègbez cgaÿeöx bjC-scÿx DYõqÓfTgÿg.
Yiblf amb
Snâe sbúfãeBxòãgX cgë~esl Fd bBfheëx vë-èCscÿx mcflfTeùiucgçx. Y©pv~Wl~ägsë bkãeãf Flg vëègbez cgaÿeögb-jCscÿx DYõqÓfTgÿg.
vflõvfoevX
aìùlèfsn vflõhtp, vfaboõX Fb bBfheëeãfvëègÿlfvx 40 jthãeCx vfËãfòªfjfTgÿlx.OejeäX Y©pv~W DbjbjgaëãgX yÀgpv-~ägaëãgX p|vìùl~äfw Fd bBfheëx vëèf-bjgÿg.
vfJcen bfäTgbãxh¥x
aìùlèfw ofbmbgX “vfJcenãgX bfäTgb-ãxh¥gX” vëèCscÿx mcflfTeùiucgsçRfngXmeêèfk hjfcflfkW ctnX Snâe MvfãeBxòk-äfngX cJÜx bfaMóofbm~äfngX ceùlX Flx cgëTXktëesl vëèfbjgÿg. Y©pv~W bBfheëeãfFlx vëègbez cgaÿeögbjCscÿx DYõqÓf-Tgÿg.
bebghtp, EãfnõXhtp
Snâe cem~äfngX bebghtpãgX, EãfnõX vì-ùlèfw mqh¥èfvx EãfnõXhtpãgX, vtJgXhengX Dqh¥fTngX GçeãfjfTgÿleCx. Y©p-v~ägsë bBfheëeãeCx Fd htpkW vëèfbjg-ÿlx.
ktëesl ùMrOqîMem£ebfvx DóØeYfaókbgX,FóØ vfaboõ~äeã Súg heãmX, Dh¥XvfaboõX SÿfbãgX, iChlfTx ZJÜãh¥X vfaboõ-bgX Y©pv~W bBfheëeãf vëèfbjgÿg.
lgneYejX, aòeJtCx
ùMrOqîMem£ebfszÜ cgêfw DYróØmfífTeãflgneYejX, aòeJtCx Sÿfb vëègbevgúmdkjõbgX mcflf ZjgTfãfögçx.
ckjbfäTx ofbmX ùMrOqîMem£ebfvxvfabofòª Dh¥X, DjbC, iChlfTx vfabofòª aceokX
Sÿfb kdçJfw vfÿgX nYfTgÿleCx.
- 63 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
kwKo-X- kw-kvIm-c-ß-fpsSka-\z-b-ambn lnμp-ÿm\n kwKoXw
kma-thZ kwKo-X-sa∂ aqem-[m-c-Øn¬ XpS-
ßp∂ `mc-Xob kwKo-X-[mc c≠p ssIhgn-I-
fmbn ]ncn-™-Xs{X Z£nW `mcX kwKoXw
F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ I¿Æm-SI kwKo-Xhpw DØ-tc-
¥ybn¬ {]Npc {]Nm-c-Øn-ep≈ lnμp-ÿm\n
kwKo-X-hpw.
12-˛mw \q‰m-≠ns‚ XpS-°-Øn¬ Ahn-SsØ
`mc-X-Øns‚ mK-ß-fm-bn-cp∂ _w•m-tZ-iv, ]m°n-
ÿm≥, t\∏mƒ, A vLm-\n-ÿm≥ XpS-ßnb hS-
°≥ {]hn-iy-I-fn¬ thZ-kw-Ko-X-Øns‚ NphSv
]nSn®p cq]w-sIm≠ kam-\-kz-`m-h-ap≈ kwKoX
kc-Wn-I-fpsS kwK-a- -e-amhmw ÿqe-tØ-°mƒ
kq£-va-Øn¬ tI{μo-I-cn®p {]tbm-K-Øn¬ h∂
lnμp-ÿm\n kwKo-Xw. t]¿jy≥ kwKoX kuμ-
cyw-IqSn Bhm-ln-s®-SpØv cq]w-sIm≠ lnμp-
ÿm\n kwKo-X-sØ \mw Ft∏mgpw hSt°¥y≥
kwKoXw F∂v hnfn-t∏-cn´psIm-≠mWv Bkz-Zn-
®n-cp-∂-Xv.
12-˛mw \q‰m-≠p-hsc GIXzm¿∂ KwKm-{]-
hmlwt]msebmbn-cp∂p `mc-Xob kwKoXw.
]n∂o -sS -t∏mtgm Bhmw AXv Xo¿Øpw
hyXykvX hy‡n {]`m-h-tØm-Sp-IqSnb c≠v
ssIh-gn-I-fmbn ]ncn-™Xv Cu c≠v kwKoX kc-
Wn-Ifpw cmK-`m-h-k-ºq¿Æhpw Xmf-\n-_-≤hpw
Bbn-cp-∂p. Cu thZ-kw-KoX imJ-Iƒ kma-th-
Z-Øn-s‚bpw ]n∂oSv EtKz-Z-Øn-s‚bpw am[pcyw
Dƒs°m-≠mWv ]q¿Æ-X-bn-te-°p≈ {]bmWw
XpS-ßn-b-Xv.
`c-X-ap-\n-bpsS \mSy-imkv{X Ime-L-´-
ØnemWv Cu kwKoX imJ ]pXp-a-bpsS Nnd-Ip-
Iƒ tXSn-bXv
lnμp-ÿm\n kwKoX ]Y-ß-fn-eqsS
apKƒ `c-W-Im-esØ Zn√n tI{μo-I-cn®v
hSt° C¥y-bn¬ thcp-Iƒ Dd-∏n® t]¿jy≥
kwKo-X-Øns‚ kzm[o-\-am-bn-cp∂p lnμp-ÿm\n
kwKo-X-sa∂ mc-Xob kwKo-X-im-J-bpsS hnImk
-]-cn-Wm-a-ß-fn¬ \mgn-I-I-√mbn amdn-b-Xv.
apKƒ N{I-h¿Øn-am-cpsS ]cn-em-f-\-ta‰v mc-
Xob kwKo-X-[m-c-bn¬ ebn®p tNcm≥ t]¿jy≥
kwKo-X-Øn\v Ign -™p. BZy-Im-e-ß-fn¬
t]¿jy≥ kwKo-X-Øns‚ ta¬t°mbva D≠m-bn-
cp-s∂-¶nepw ]n∂oSv `mc-Xob kwKo-X-Øns‚
kzXzw -Xn -c n -® -dn™v ]men¬ ]©-kmc
F∂t]mse t]¿jy≥ kwKo-X-Øns‚ am[pcyw
lnμp -ÿm\n kwKo -X -Øn¬ Aen -™p-
tN¿∂p.as‰m -c¿∞-Øn¬ sslμ-h-˛ -ap…nw
kwkvIm-c-ß-fn¬ Du∂n-bp≈ hyXykvX kwKoX
]≤-Xn-I-fpsS ka-\zb cq]-ß-fmbn Jhm-en,
Jbm¬ XpS-ßnb kwKoX imJ-I-fpsS DZ-b-Øn\v
Imc-W-ambn. B[p-\nI lnμp-ÿm\n kwKo-X-
Øns‚ ]nXmhv F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv Zn√n kp¬Øm-
t\‰ v Ime-L-´ -Øns‚ kw`m -h -\ -bmb
Aao¿Jpkvdp (1252-˛1325) BWv.
Akm-am\y ssh`-h-ap≈ Cu kwKoX N{I-
h¿Øn t]¿jy≥, S¿°n-jv, Ad-_n°v F∂o
A\y-`m-j-Iƒ°v ]pdta {]mNo\ `mc-Xob _rPv
`mj-bnepw Bem-]\ kuI-cy-am¿∂ KoXI-߃
Nn´-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp-∂p.
lnμp-ÿm\n kwKo-X-Øns‚ hnhn[ LS-
I-ßsf kwtbm-Pn-∏n®v B kwKoX ]≤-Xn°v kc-
f-amb Hcp LS-\m-cq-]o-I-cWw km≤y-am-°n.
A]q¿Δ-cm-K-ß-fmb koem-^v, k¿]¿Z XpS-ßnb
tUm. A{`m-ZnX _m\¿Pn
- 64 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
Hcp]nSn kwKo-X- m-h-߃ lnμp-ÿm-\n-bn¬ ebn-
∏n-°m\pw At±-l-Øn\v km[n-®p.
t]¿jy≥ km{μ-kw-KoXw AXn-k-¶o¿Æ-
amb mc-Xob {Zp]Xv Xmf-hp-ambn tIm¿Øn-W°n
Hcp mh-Zo-]vX-amb Jhmen kwKoX imJ Aao¿
Jp{kp-hns‚ kw`m-h-\-bm-Wv. koØm¿ XpS-ßnb
X{¥n-hm-Zy-ßfpw a‰v \nc-h[n kwKoX D]-I-c-W-
ßfpw lnμp-ÿm\n kwKoX [mc-bn-tebv°v
sIm≠p-h-∂Xv, ]co-£-W-ßsf F∂pw lrZ-b-
tØmSp tN¿Øp-]n-Sn-®n-cp∂ Cu kwKoX {]Xn-`-
bm-Wv.
Aao¿ Jp{kp-hns‚ t]cn -s\m-∏-amWv
""Jbm¬'' kwKo-X-Øns‚ D¤-h-sØ-∏‰n ]d-™p-
tIƒ°p-∂-sX-¶nepw e`y-amb At±-l-Øns‚
kwKoX ]≤-Xn-I-fpsS i_vZ-tc-J-Iƒ Cu hmZ-
ap-J-ßsf \ymbo-I-cn-°p-∂-X-√.
apl-ΩZvjm cwKo-te-bpsS Bÿm\ Kmb-
I-\m-bn-cp∂ ""\nba-XvJm≥'' (k-Z-cwKv) F∂
t]cmWv B[p-\nI Jbm¬ kwKo-X-Øn-t\mSv
tN¿Øv hnh-cn-®p-Im-Wp-∂-Xv. am{X-a√ kZcwKv
F∂ Cu t]cp-t]mepw Jbm¬ kwKo-X-Øns‚
]cym-b-ambn Icp-Xp-Ibpw \nb-a-XvJm≥ Cu
kwKoX kc-Wn-bpsS ]nXmhv Bbn AwKo-I-cn-
°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p.
Cu Akm-am\y kwKoX {]Xn-`-I-fm¬
Imem-Im-e-ß-fn¬ ]cn-jvI-cn-°-s∏´ Cu kwKoX
kcWn ]n∂oSv sslμh ]mc-º-cy-Øn¬ hnebw
{]m]n-®p. _u≤n-I-a-WvU-e-ß-fn¬ am{Xw Xnf-ßn-
\n∂ kwkvIr-X-`m-j-hn´v A°m-eØv {]Np-c-{]-
Nm-c-Øn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ _rP-`m-j-bnepw ]n∂oSv
adm-Øn, lnμn mj-I-fnepw D≈ kcf kmln-Xy-
Øns‚ AI-º-Sn-tbmsS Cu kwKoX[mc \q‰m-
≠p-I-tfmfw `mc-Xo-b-cpsS BflobNn¥ [mc-I-
fn¬ \n∂pw th¿s]-Sp-Øm-\m-ImØhn[w ""`‡n
{]ÿm\w'' F∂ cq]-Øn¬ `mc-Xob kwkvIr-
Xn-bn¬ thcp-d-∏n®p. I_o¿, \m\mIv XpS-ßnb
\njvIma ‡n-bpsS aq¿Øo-cq-]-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p Cu
`‡n-{]-ÿm-\-Øns‚ Aa-c-°m¿. ]n∂oSv Pb-tZ-
h¿ (4- mw \q‰m-≠v) hnZym-]Xn (1375 F.-Un.), Nmμn-
Zmkv (14-˛15 \q‰m-≠v), aocm-`mbv (155-˛1603) XpS-
ßnb ]pWym-fl-°-fn-eqsS AXv ]S¿∂v ]¥-en-
®p. apKƒ N{I-h¿Øn-am¿ {]tXy-In®v Pem¬,
D≤n¬, AIv_¿ sslμ-h-[m-c-I-tfmSv IqSp-X¬
B`n-apJyw ]pe¿Øn-bn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬ kwKoX
\rØ-cq-]-߃ Cu Ime-L-´-Øn¬ hnIm-k-]-cn-
Wm-a-߃°v hnt[-b-am-bn.
kwKo-X-tZ-h-X-bpsS hc-Zm-\-am-bn- IcpXn
h∂- Xm≥k≥ F∂ A¤pX {]Xn-`mkw AIv_-
dns‚ kZ- ns\ Ae-¶-cn-®n-cp-∂Xv Cu Ime-L-´-
Øn-em-Wv. k-ab _‘nX cmK-ß-fn¬ Hcp \nim-
cmKw {]`m-X-th-f-bn¬ ]mSn sXfn™ BIm-
isØ taLm-hr-X-am°n ag-s]-øn®Xpw ""Zo]Iv''
F∂ cmKw ]mSn AIv_-dns‚ Z¿_m-dn¬ Zo]w-
sX-fn-bn-®Xpw a‰m-cp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.
Kzmfn -tbm¿ cmP-hw -i -Ønse cmPm -
am≥knßv tXma¿ (1486- 1516 F.-Un.) F∂ kwKoX
- 65 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
ckn-I≥IqSn-bmb alm-cm-Pmhpw kwkvIr-X-km-
ln-Xy-Øn¬ \n∂pw thdn´ icm-icn `mc-Xo-bs‚
`mj-bmb lnμn-bn¬ imkv{Xob Km\-߃ Nn´-
s∏-Sp-Øn.
`‡nbpw aX--\n-c-t]-£-Xbpw hnj-b-ß-
fm°n tXma¿ At\Iw Km\-߃ Fgp-Xp-Ibpw
Nn´-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ch-sb√mw t{ImUo-
I-cn®v At±lw Xøm-dm-°nb ""a¶p-Sp-l¬'' (B-
Imw-j-bpsS ]pkvXIw) Gsd {]kn-≤-am-Wv. {Zp]Zv
kwKoX imJ Kzmfn-tbm¿ cmP-hw-i-Øns‚ Iogn¬
hf¿®-bpsS ]pXnb ]S-hp-Iƒ Ib-dn. AXp-sIm-
≠p-Xs∂ ""Kzmfn-tbm¿ Jcm-\, C∂pw `mc-Xob
kwKoX a\- p-Isf Iog-S-°n-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.
apKƒ cmP-hw-i-Øns‚ ]X-\-Øn-\p-tijw
\m´p-cm-Py-ß-fmb eJv\u, ]mSym-e, _\m-dkv XpS-
ßnb cmP-hw-i-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw e`n® t{]m’m-
l-\-߃ hnhn[ Jcm-\-I-fpsS DZ-b-Øn\pw {]Nm-
cW-Øn\pw CS-bm-°n. At∏mgpw sshhn-≤y-
am¿∂ Cu Jcm-\-I-fn¬ ]S¿∂p-I-bdn `‡n
kwKo-Xhpw kp^n-kw-Ko-Xhpw ]pXnb `mh-X-e-
߃ tXSns°m≠n-cp-∂p.
B[p-\nIbpKw
20-˛mw \q‰m-≠ns‚ XpS-°-tØmsS cmP-`-c-
W-Øn\pw Z¿_m-dp-Iƒ°pw \miw-kw-`-hn-®p.
CtXmsS kwKo-X-sØ-]-cn-t]m-jn-∏n-°p∂ cmP-]m-
c-ºcyw F∂t∂°p-ambn C√m-Xm-bn.
]s£ kwKoXw tIhew cmP-]-cn-c-£-bn¬
hf-tc≠ H∂√ F∂v sXfn-bn-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.
]n∂oSv `mcXw I≠ kwKoX hf¿®bpw hnImk-
hpw.
Xo¿®-bmbpw \mw CXn\p IS-s∏-´n-cn-°p-
∂Xv A¥:]pc-Ønse t`mK-ku-I-cy-ßtfm A[n-
Im-ctam C√msX kwKoX tZh-Xsb a\- m-h-
cn®v Km\-km-K-c-Øn¬ kzbw ebn-®p-tN¿∂ kam-
\-X-I-fn-√mØ GXm\pw kwKoX {]Xn-`-I-tfm-Sm-
Wv.
hmPnZv Aeo-jm-bpsS \njvIm-k-\-Øn-\p-
tijw 1857-˛¬ eJvkm-hnkv kwKoX ]mc-ºcyw
_wKm-fn kwKoX k{º-Zm-b-Øns‚ kzm[o-\-Øn-
em-bn.
20-˛mw \q‰m≠ns‚ BZy-]m-Z-Øn¬ hnjvWp
ZnKw-_¿ ]mep-kvI¿ (hn.-Un. ]mep-kvI¿) Xs‚
kz¿§ob kwKoX[mc-sIm≠v `mc-Xob kwKoX
a\- p-Isf Iog-S-°n.
12-˛mw hb- n¬ A‘-\mbn Xo¿s∂-¶nepw
ÿnX-{]-⁄-\mb ]mep-kvI¿ K‘¿h alm-hn-
Zym-ebv F∂ kwKoX hnZym-ebw ÿm]n°pIbpw
Ahn-SpsØ `mc-X-Ønse emtlm¿ tI{μ-am°n
XpS-ßnb Cu hnZymebw 1901 apX¬ kwKoX
temI-Øn\v ka-{K-amb kw`m-h-\-Iƒ \¬Ip-Ibpw
sNbvXp.
- 66 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
A{`m-YnX _m\¿Pn : lnμp-ÿm\n kwKo-X-⁄, tIcf k¿Δ-I-em-im-e-bnse
kwKoX hn`mKw KÃv ^m°¬‰n
]mep-kvI-dns‚ ka-Im-en -I-\mbncp∂
NXp¿]-WvUn‰v hnjvWp-\m-cm-b-¨ `XvI¿ F∂
Kmb-I≥ A∂p-ap-Xte hnhn[ kwKo-X-]-≤-Xn-Iƒ
XΩn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ InS-a-’-c-߃ Xncn-®-dn™v
hnhn[ Lcm-\-I-fpsS D¤h ÿm\-ß-fn¬ \nc-
¥cw kμ¿i\w \S-Øn. `mc-Xnb kwKoX ka-
\z-b-Øn\pth≠n bXv\n-®p.
I¿Wm-SnIv Ft∂m lnμp-ÿm-\n-sbt∂m
hyXym-k-an-√msX F√m kwKo-X-]-≤-Xn-I-fn-tebpw
\∑-Iƒ kwtbm-Pn-∏n-°m≥ At±lw \S-Ønb
{ia-߃ «mL-\o-b-ß-fm-Wv.
1909-˛\pw 1932˛\pw CS-bn¬ Ct±-l-Øn-t‚-
Xmbn {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏´ lnμp-ÿm\n kwKoX
]≤Xn (4 hmey-߃) F∂ {KŸw `mc-Xob
kwKoX [mc-Isf ka-\z-bn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠p≈ Hcp
B[n-Im-cnI {KŸ-ambnXo¿∂p. mc-X-Øn¬ C∂p
{]Nm-c-Øn-ep≈ cmK-]-≤-Xn-Iƒ F√mw Xs∂ Cu
{KŸsØ A[n-I-cn-®p≈XmWv.
lnμp -ÿm\n kwKo -X -Øns‚ LS-\
Ggpkzc-ß-fn¬ A[n-jvTn-X-amWv. F¶nepw AXn-
∂n-S-bn¬ 5 a≤y-a-kz-c-cq-]--ßfpw IqSn-tN¿∂v 12
kzc-hn-\ym-k-ßfn¬ kw£n-]vX-amWv lnμp-
ÿm\n kwKo-Xw. Ah-X-c-W-Øn¬ cmK-`m-h-Øn-
\p-Xs∂bmWv ap≥Xq-°w.
cmPm (hm-Zn) dmWn (k-a-hm-Zn) k¶¬∏-
Øn-ep≈ kzc-߃ tN¿∂v ]JUv F∂ cq]w.
Hmtcm cmK-Øn\pw AXn-t‚-Xmb ao¨Uv XpS-
ßnb {]tbm-K-߃ D≠v. at\m-[¿Ω kwKo-X-
Øn\p Gsd {]m[m-\y-ap≈ kwKoX imJ-bmWv
lnμp-ÿm-\n.
Xmƒ F∂ Xmf ]≤-Xnbpw Xm´v F∂ -
{ipXnip≤-Xbpw tN¿∂mWv CXns‚ Ah-X-cW
`wKn \nb-{¥n-°p-∂-Xv. a{¥-ÿm-bn, a≤y-ÿm-bn,
Xmc-ÿmbn F∂n-ß-s\-bmWv {ipXn-t`Zw.
Hcp lnμp-ÿm\n cmK-Øns‚ Ah-X-c-W-
Øn¬ c≠v \ne-I-fm-Wp-≈-Xv.
Bem]v F∂ amkva-c-i-‡n-bp≈ cmK-`mh
h¿Æ-\-bpw _≥Unjv AYhm K v F∂ kmlnXy
kta-X-am-bp≈ Km\ {]tbm-K-hpw. ChnsS X_e
]°-am-bn-h-cp-∂p.
XpS-°-Øn¬ kqNn-∏n-®-t]mse 20-˛mw \q‰m-
≠n¬ lnμp-ÿm\n kwKoXw AXns‚ Hu∂-Xy-
Øn¬ FØn-bXv kz¿§ob Kmb-I-cm-bn-cp∂ a√n-
Im¿÷p≥ a≥kp¿, Ipam¿ K‘¿h-, t_Kw
AJvX¿, `owsk≥ tPmjn, _nkvan-√-Jm≥ XpS-
ßnb {]Xn-`-I-fpsS klm-b-Øm-em-bn-cp-∂p. Ch-
scsb√mw Xs∂ kwKoX tZh-X-bpsS Ah-Xm-c-
ß-fmbn Icp-Xmw.
lnμp-ÿm\n kwKo-X-Øn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p-
h∂ kwKXnIƒ {Zp]-Xv, Lbm¬, Xm∏, Xcm-\,
-Xpavdn F∂o k¶o¿Æ-ß-sf-¶nepw Bkzm-Zy-I-c-
amb kwKoX hnkvab-߃ Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
K -ep-I-fm-hs´ lnμp-ÿm\n Bem-]\
kuIpamcyw \nd-s™m-gp-Ip∂ Hcp XcfnX kwKo-
X-{]-]©w Xs∂-bm-Wv. Kpemw Aenbpw ]¶Pv
DZmkpw a‰v At\Iw K ¬ Kmb-I-cpw, ip`
apZvKm¬ XpS-ßnb lnμp-ÿm\n \mtSmSn kwKo-
X-Øns‚ am[pcyw \ap°p ]I¿∂p-X∂ F{Xtbm
Kmb-Icpw Cu kwKoX [mc-bpsS h‰mØ Dd-h-I-
fm-Wv.
- 67 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
tUm. eoem HmwtNcn
tkm]m\ kwKoXw ˛ Hcp kmam-\ym-h-tem-I\w
F√m taJ-e-I-fnepw tIc-f-Øn\v Hcp
{]tXyI hy‡nXzw D≠v, kwKo-X-Øn-epw tIc-f-
Øns‚ X\n-a-s∏´ kwKo-X-am-Wv "tkm]m\w' F∂
kwKo-X-]-≤-Xn. F∂mWv Cu t]cv AXn\v hoW-
sX∂v Xo¿Øp ]d-bm≥ {]bm-k-am-sW-¶nepw
AXn - {]m -No -\ -Imew apX-ev°p -X-s∂,
tIc-f-Øn\p hy‡n-Xzhpw imkv{Xo-bm-Sn-ÿm-\hpw
D≈ Hcp kwKoXw D≠m-bn-cp∂p F∂p-≈-Xn\v
[mcmfw sXfn-hp-I-fp-≠v. tIcf kwKoXw hyhÿ
sNbvXXv ]c-ip-cm-a-\m-sW∂v HsscXn-ly-ap-≠v.
[6000 h¿j-߃°p-apºv
]pe¿∂n-cp∂ Ako-dn-b≥ kwkv°m-
c-Øn¬ "dmw' t\Xmhpw "\ºn' ]ptcm-
lnX {]am-Wnbpw Bbn-cp-∂p-h-t{X.
dman\v Hcp {]tXyI Bbp-[hpw D≠m-
bn-cp-∂p-t]m-epw. Cu dmw Iptd \ºn-
I-fp-ambn kap{Zw hgn `mc-X-Øns‚
sXt°-aq-e-bn¬ hs∂∂pw Ah-sc,
AtX ÿm\am-\-ß-tfmsS `mcXw AwKo-I-cn-
s®∂pw ]d-bs∏-Sp-∂p. \ºn F∂ ]Zw BZyw
Cuiz-c-s\-°p-dn®p ]ecpw Aßs\ k¶¬∏n®p
]mSpI t]mepw sNbvXp. "hmcWw Bbncw' F∂
Xncp-∏mssh ]m´nse {]tbm-K-߃ CXn\p sXfn-
hm-Wv. {ItaW \ºn F∂ ]Zw ImW-s∏´ ssZh-
amb cm-Pm-hn-t\bpw ]ptcm-lnX {]am-Wn-bmb
X{¥n-tbbpw Ipdn®p "\ºn-bm¿' F∂p _lp-am-
\-kq-N-I-ambn B ]Zw Dcp-Øn-cn-™p. F∂mWv
B ]Zw sIm≠v hyh-l-cn-°-s∏´ P\w Xcw-XmWv
Aº-e-hm-kn-I-fm-b-sX∂v Adn-bn-√.]
]gb ]m´p-Ifpw Ah-bpsS cmKmw-i-ßfpw
]c-ip-cm-as‚ G¿∏m-S-\p-k-cn®v, inh-t£-{X-
Øn-tebpw hnjvWp-t£-{X-Øn-tebpw Bcm-[-
\bv°v {_m“-W-cpw, k¿∏-°mhv, `K-h-Xn-h´w
F∂o {ZmhnU ]qPm tI{μ-ß-fnse NSßpIƒ°v
a‰p P\-ßfpw \nb-an-X-cm-bn. Bcm-[\m I¿Ω-
ßsf apgp-an-°m\pw sImgp-∏n-°m-\p-am-bn-´mWv
Km\w, hmZyw, \rØw F∂ aq∂p Iem-cq-]-ßfpw
BZy-ambn D]-tbm-Kn®p XpS-ßn-b-Xv. Bcy-∑m¿
t£{X-Øn¬ kwkvIr-X-Øn¬ a{¥-߃ sNm√n-
b-t∏mƒ a‰v kap -Zm -b-°m¿ kwkmc `mj-
bn¬Øs∂ t«mI-ßfpw ]m´p-Ifpw cNn-®v, hmZy-
ß-fpsS AI-º-Sn-tbm-Sp-IqSn ssZh-X-ßsf t]m‰n-
∏m-Sn. Aßs\ H´\-h[n ]m´p-Iƒ D≠m-bn. H∏w
kmap-Zm-bnI Km\-ß-fpw `{Z-Im-fn-∏m- v,
k¿∏w-]m-´v, K‘¿h≥]m-´v, tZth-
{μ≥]m-´v, the≥]m-´v, ImWn-∏m-´v,
hmXn¬Xp -d -∏m -´ v , hS -°≥]m-´ v ,
sX°≥]m- v, cma-I-Ym-∏m v XpSßn \qdp-
I-W-°n\p ]m´p-Ifpw `‡n Io¿Ø-\-
ßfpw Icn-¥-an-gn-s‚bpw a[y-a-e-bm-f-Øn-
s‚bpw hI-bmbn \ap°p e`n-®p. Ch-
bn¬ ]eXpw {]mIr-X-io-ep-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw
CØcw Km\-ß-fn¬ Dudn-°n-S∂ `mK cmKmw-i-
ßfpw Bem-]\ k{º-Zm-bhpw Hcp kº-∂-cm-K-]-
≤Xn \m´n¬ hf-cm≥ klm-bn-®n-cn-°-Ww.
cmKmw-i-߃ F∂p ]d-™m¬ Hcp ÿmbw
AYhm k©mcw F∂¿∞-am-°mw. ct≠m
aqt∂m kzc-߃ tN¿∂ sNdnb k©m-c-am-Xr-I-
Iƒ Hcp {]tXyI mhsØ tZymXn-∏n-°m≥ t]m∂-
h-bm-bn-cn-°pw. C°q-´-Øn¬ ]eXpw B ÿmb-
tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn, AXn-\n-W-ßp∂ Iptd kzc-ßfpw
tN-cp-tºmƒ Hcp kºq¿Æ cmKw kwPm-X-am-hp-
∂p. AsX-ß-s\-sb∂p t\m°mw.
""Xpbn-ep-W-cq, Xpbn-ep-Wcq
{ioIrjvWm Xpbn-ep-Wcq
- 68 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
Imen-Isf ta®p \S∂
{ioIrjvWm Xpbn-ep-Wcq''
F∂ ]gb Xpbn-ep-W¿Øp ]m´ns‚ ÿmb-
Øn¬ s]md-\o-cns‚ BZy-cq]w \mw Is≠-Øp-
∂p. ]q¿Δmw-K-Ønse B k©m-csØ D-Ø-cmw-K-
Øn¬ Bh¿Øn-®m¬ B cmKw kºq¿Æ-am-hpw.
B k{º-Zmbw {]mNo-\-am-Wv. imkv{X-bp-‡-am-Wv.
]≠-sØ kma-Km-\-cmKw kºq¿Æ-am-bXpw Aß-
s\-bm-Wv. Chn-sSbpw AX-ß-s\-X-s∂-bm-Wv.
AtX-t]mse ""FØp-an-t∏mƒ s]m≥a-Itf''
F∂ "ImcnI' Xmf-Øn¬ Nn´-s∏´ Ieym-W-∏m-
´n¬ ae-l-cn-cm-K-Øns‚ kzcq]w A¥¿eo-\-am-
bn-cn-°p-∂p. kmth-cn, kucm-jv{Sw, amf-h-Kufw
XpSßn ]e cmK-ßfpw {ItaW cq]w {]m]n-®n-cn-
°-Ww. Hmtcm cmK-Øns‚ hf¿®bv°pw ]‰nb
Hcp apJy-ÿm-bhpw (kzc-k-©mcw) Poh-kz-chpw
Cu ]m´p-Iƒ hgn Ahbv°p ]I¿∂p In´n-bn-cn-
°-Ww.
taep-≤-cn-®-Xp-t]mse F{Xtbm DZm-l-c-W-
߃ ]gb ]m´p-I-fpsS ioep-I-fn¬ Hfn®p InS-∏p-
≠v. Xs∂-bp-a-√, Hcp ]mt´m iotem ]e coXn-
bn¬ ]e Zn°n¬ ]mSm\pw Hcp {]tZ-iØv Hcp
{]tXyI tafw-am{Xw ]pe-cm\pw, B {]tXyI taf-
Øns‚ P\y-Øn¬ am{Xw hf-sc-b-[nIw a´p-Ifpw
]m´p-Ifpw P\n-°m\pw, ]e-t∏mgpw ]m´p-Iƒ Hcp
ÿmbn-bn¬am{Xw HXpßn-°q-Sm\pw, B ]m´p-I-
fn¬ Ka-I-߃ Ipd-bm\pw, DSp°v XpS-ßnb hmZy-
ß-fpsS [z\n ]m´p-I-fn¬ h∂p-Iq-Sm\pw a‰pw ]e
Imc-W-ßfpw D≠v F∂v Npcp°n ]d-bmw.
]pcm-X-\-{Zm-hnU kwKoXw
Aß-s\ ]gb ]m´p-I-fn-eq-sSbpw CW-
ßp∂ hmZy-®n-´-I-fn-eq-sSbpw tIc-f-kw-KoXw Hcp
imkv{Xo-b-]-≤-Xn-bmbn Imem-¥-c-Øn¬ cq]m-¥-
c-s∏-´n-cn-°-Ww. {]kvXpX kwKoXw ]pcm-X-\-{Zm-
hnU kwKo-X-Øn-s‚-Xs∂ Hcp `mK-am-bn-cp-∂p.
Hcp {]tXyI mjsb C∂p Ipdn-°p-∂p-s≠-¶nepw
"Xangv' F∂ ]Z-Øn-\v, tIhew `mj-sb∂
kmam\y A¿∞w am{Xta A∂p≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q.
Cu kwKo-X-Øns‚ hy‡hpw hym]-I-hp-amb
cq]w Nne-∏-Xn-Im-cw, sXm¬Im-∏nbw XpS-ßnb
kwL-Im-e-Ir-Xn-Ifnepw hymJym-\-ß-fnepw Is≠-
Ømw. tUm. hmkp-tZ-h-s∏-Xp-hm-fns‚ `mj-bn¬
]d-™m¬ ""The early music of Travancore may besaid to be the same as pictured in the III canto ofSilapathikaram''. A°m-esØ Ie-Isf ˛ kwKo-
XsØ {]tXy-In®pw ka-{K-ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂
Imhy-am-W-Xv. k]vX kzc-߃, 22 {ipXn-Iƒ,
]msse AYhm {Kma-ßfpw taf-ßfpw, 103 ]¨Iƒ
AYhm cmK-߃, Xndw, Xnc-Øn-dw, kzcm-¥cw
XpS-ßnb HuU-h-˛-jm-U-h-˛-N-Xp-kzc sshhn-[y-
߃, ]mWn, Xq°v F∂o Xmf kt¶-X-߃, hcn,
]mhmcw apX-emb Km\-߃, \mep-Xcw hmZy-߃,
]Xn-t\m-cm-S¬, NmIym¿ IqØv, Bbv®n-bm¿,
Ipcssh XpS-ßnb \rØ-߃ F∂n-ßs\ H´\-
h[n Iem-Im-cy-߃ AXn-sem-Xp-ßp-∂p-≠v.
ssP\- -_u-≤-kzm-[o-\X
{InkvXph¿j-Øns‚ BZy-Im-e-ß-fn¬,
{]kvXpX kwKo-XsØ Z£n-tW-¥y-bn¬ ]S¿∂p
Ib-dnb ssP\-_u-≤-aX {]Nm-c-I-cpsS kwKo-X-
ssien hfscb[nIw kzm[o-\n-®p. hniz-ssa-{Xn,
Zb XpS-ßnb \n¿Ωe `mh kn≤m-¥-ßsf a[pc
\mZw hgn ssIImcyw sNbvXp-h∂ {]kvXpX aX-
{]-Nm-c-I-cpsS kwKo-X-am-[y-asØ am{X-a-√, aX-aq-
ey-ß-tfbpw Xan-gv\mSpw tIc-fhpw AwKo-I-cn-®p.
cmPm-°-∑m¿hsc Ah-bpsS {]Nm-c-I-cm-bn. ]n∂o-
Sp≈ A©n-e-[nIw \q‰m-≠p-Iƒ B aX-ß-fp-
sSbpw kwKo-X-Øn-s‚bpw {]`m-h-Im-e-am-bn-cp-∂p.
B hmgvNbv°v De-®n-te¬°p-∂Xv Hcp sImSp-¶m-
‰p-t]mse sslμ-h-kw-kv°mcw ho≠pw DW¿∂p
hoin-b-t∏m-gm-Wv. AXns‚ i‡n-bn¬ a‰p c≠p
aX-ßfpw £bn-®p. ]t£ Ah-cpsS {]Nm-c-W-am-
[y-a-ß-fm-bn-cp∂ kwKo-X-\r-Øy-aq-ey-ßsf \in-
∏n-°m≥ sslμ-h¿°v Ign-™n-√. Xs∂-b-√, Ah-
- 69 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
cpsS {]uV-`-‡nbpw hc≠ aX-{]-Nm-cW {]`m-
j-W-ßfpw P\-km-am\yw AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂n-
s√∂pw ssP\-_u-≤-cpsS a[p-c-am-[y-asØ DS-
s®-dn-bm-\m-hn-s√∂pw IqsS a\- n-em-b-t∏mƒ
AtX D]m-[n -Xs∂ Ahcpw Ah-ew-_n-®p.
AXns‚ ASn-sbm-gp°v Ggmw \q‰m-≠nse
"tXhmcw Xncp-hm-bvsamgn' XpS-ßnb ssih-ssh-
jvW-h-a-X-kw-Ko-X-Øn¬ Is≠-Øp-Ibpw sNømw.
tXhm-cw, Xncp-hm-bvsam-gn, Xncp-Aƒ]m XpS-
ßnb ‡n-Km-\-߃ ]gw-Im-e-kw-Ko-X-Ønse 103
]¨ AYhm cmK-ß-fn¬Ø-s∂-bmWv Nn´ G‰Xv.
Bi-bw, ssien, kwKo-X-in-ev]w, Bhn-jv°-cWw
F∂n-h-bn-sem-s°-Øs∂ Ahbv°v kzXxkn≤-
amb Hcp am[p-cyhpw hy‡n-Xz-hp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
tUm. hmkp-tZhs∏mXp-hm-fns‚ `mj-bn¬ ]d-
™m¬ “The composers of these religious hymns haveshowed an admirable instinct for form, grace and colour,sweetness and spiritual emotion and they have left forposterity, gems of spontaneous songs, mellifluous andwell balanced, with a diction, having a delicate beauty
of sound and a mounting and piercing melody whichgoes straight into the hearts of men.” (Travancore StateManual Vol. IV. p 555)
tIc-f-Ønepw
{ZmhnUtZi-ß-fn-sem-∂mb tIc-f-Ønepw
AtX kn≤m¥ßƒXs∂ {]h¿Øn-®p. {Ita-W,
B kwKoXw Bcy-t£-{X-ß-fnepw kwkv°m-c-
Ønepw kw{I-an-°m≥ XpS-ßn. Bcm-[-\m-th-f-I-
fn¬ kwkvIr-X-th-Z-]m-cm-b-W-ß-tfm-sSm∏w
{ZmhnU Km\-߃°pw ÿm\w Iev]n-°-s∏- p. D -
b-th-Zm-¥-k-¶¬]w \ne-hn¬h-∂p. ssZ\w-Zn\
]qP-I-fnepw a‰v ASn-b-¥n-c-ß-fnepw hnti-jm-h-
k-c-ß-fnepw B k¶¬]w kPo-h-am-bn. "Cuiz-c-
kw-lnX' XpS-ßnb BKaim-kv{X-߃ Ah-bpsS
hn\n-tbm-K-߃°p hn[n I¬]n-®p.
NXpx-j-jvSn-Im-amZymw {ZmanUow kvXpXnapØamw
Km]-tbZv sshjvW-h-kvssXss{Xx
hmZymt¥ Znt\ Znt\.
(Cu-iz-c-kw-lnX XII-246)
- 70 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
"A∏¿' XpS-ßnb ssih-k-∂ym-kn-I-fp-
tSbpw, "s]cn Bƒhm¿' XpS-ßnb sshjvW-h-`-
‡-cp-tSbpw `‡n kwKo-X-Øns‚ hmgvN-bmWv
Xan-gv\m-´n¬ ]n∂o-S-tßm-´v. `mjm--t`Zw D≠m-bn-
cp-s∂-¶nepw tIc-f-Ønepw AX-ß-s\-Xs∂ Bbn-
cp-∂p. Xs∂-bp-a-√, B`y-¥-c-e-l-f-I-fp-sSbpw amen-
°m-^-dns‚ B{I-a-W-ß-fp-sSbpw a‰pw sISp-Xn-
bn¬s] v CS-°m-eØv Hcev]w £oW-ta-s‰-¶nepw,
tNmf-cm-Pm-°-∑m-cp-sSbpw \mZ-ap-\n-bp-sSbpw a‰pw
\nXm-¥-{]-b-Xv\-ß-fpsS ^e-am-bn´v, `‡n-kw-
KoXw Z£n-tW-¥y-bn¬ BsIØs∂ ]q¿Δm-
[nIw DtØ-P\w t\SpIbpam-bn-cp-∂p. XpS¿∂p≈
]X-n\mepw ]Xn-\©pw \q‰m-≠p-Iƒ t£{X-kw-
Ko-XsØ G‰hpw hf¿®-bn-se-Øn® Ime-ambn
amdn. tIc-f-t£-{X-Ønepw, Xan-gv\m-´n-se-t∏mse
sIm´n-∏m-Sn-t -h-°m¿°pw \mSy-I-em-Im-c¿°pw
hmZy-°m¿°pw kwJym-_ew IqSn. {Zmhn-U-tZ-i-
߃ Ht´sd t£{X-I-em-Im-c-∑msc ]c-kv]cw
ssIam-dn. cmP-cm-P-tNm-f-t‚-Xmbn ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xpw,
X©m-hq¿ _rl-±o-iz-c≥ tImhn-en¬s∏-´-Xp-amb
Hcp Xangv inem-im-k-\-Øn¬ B t£{X-Øn¬
tkh-\-a-\p-jvTn-®n-cp∂ 400 t£{X-I-em-Im-c-∑m-
cpsS t]cv, ÿm\-am-\w, sXmgn¬, hnem-kw,
thX\w F∂nh sImSp-Øn-´p-≠v. Ah-cn¬ ]Ip-
Xn-bn-e-[n-Ihpw tIc-fob-cmWv. hmZy-am-cm-b≥,
DSpss° amcm-b≥, sIm´n-a-Ø-f≥, K‘¿Δ≥,
K‘¿Δn-I-c-W-hn-Zym-[-cn, IqØ≥ XpS-ßnb Iem-
Im-c-∑m-cpsS Hcp \o≠ ]´n-I-bm-W-Xv. Ip´≥, am[-
h≥, A∏n, A—≥, tXhn, amWn-°-Ø-Ω, I≠n-
bp-cn, NotX-hn, \ºn, \ss¶, \ss¶-b-Ω, Nn{X≥,
tIi-h≥, IqØ≥, Ifcn A—≥, tKmhn-μ≥, Zmtam-
Z-c≥ XpS-ßnb hy‡n-I-fpsS t]cv, sXmgn¬, thX-
\w, hnemkw XpS-ßn-bh sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬
\n∂pw A-h-sc√mw tIc-fo-b-cm-sW∂p a\- n-em-
°mw.
Ic-W-hn-Zym-[-cn, Km‘¿Δn F∂o ]Z-ß-sf-
°p-dn®v FSp-Øp-]-d-tb-≠-Xp-≠v. "Ic-W-hn-Zym-[cn'
F∂ hm°v ]e-X-c-Øn¬ hymJym-\n-°-s∏-´n-´p-
≠v. "IcW'sa∂ \rØ-apd Adn -bp -∂-hƒ
F∂sXm∂v; RmWn-t∑¬I-fn-t]m-se-bp≈ ico-
cm- ymkw sNøp-∂-hƒ "Ig-°q-ØmSn' F∂p Xan-
gn¬ ]dbpw ˛ F∂Xv as‰mcp hymJym\w; Bdp-
amkw {]mb-ap≈ B´n≥Ip-´n -bpsS XpI¬
s]mXn™ hmZyw hmbn-°p-∂-hƒ F∂Xp aq∂m-
asØ A¿∞w. C°m-eØv Xmf-°q´w am{Xw hmbn-
°p∂ Iem-Im-cn-bmbn cq]m-¥-c-s∏´p \n¬°p∂
tIc-fob hmZy-°m-cn, Hcp Ime-Øv, N¿Ω-hm-Zyhpw
hmbn-®n-cp-∂p-sh-∂-Xn\p sXfn-hm-Wn-Xv. AP¥m
Kpl-I-fn¬ N¿Ω-hm-Zy-°m-cn-I-fmb Iem-Im-cn-I-
fpsS Nn{X-߃ [mcm-f-ap-≠v. ssP\-˛-_u-≤-a-X-
{]-Nm-c-I-tcm-sSm∏w tIc-f-Øn-se-Ønb ]mc-º-cy-
amImw AXv. \ºym-cpsS Xp≈-en¬ N¿Ω-hm-Zy-
hm-ZInamcpsS ]cm-a¿i-ap-≠v. Cu ]mc-ºcyw \ne-
®-sX-∂m-sWt∂m F¥p-sIm-≠m-sWt∂m hy‡-
a-√. AtX-t]mse "K‘¿hn' F∂ ]ZsØ Ncn-
{Xm-Xo-X-Imew tZh-k-am-\-I-fmb Iem-Im-cn-
Isf°pdn-°m≥ D]-tbm-Kn-®p-sh-¶nepw Ncn-{Xhpw
inem-im-k-\-ß-fp-sa√mw B ]ZsØ KoXw, hmZyw,
\rXyw Ch aq∂pw AXn-hn-Z-Kv≤-ambn ssIImcyw
sNøp∂hƒ F∂ kmam-\y-amb A¿∞-Øn-emWv
{]tbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂p tXm∂p-∂p. ]pcm-W-
ßfpw A]vk-c- p-I-sfbpw K‘¿Δ-scbpw Cuiz-
c-cm°n Iev]n-®n-´n-√. aem-bf ktμ-i-Im-hy-ß-
fnepw a‰pw K‘¿Δ\pw K‘¿Δn-Ifpw Znhy-kz-cq-
]-ap-≈-h-cm-b-Xv, Cuiz-cmwiw D≈-Xn-\m-emtWm
Cuiz -cm -cm -[ -\m -] -c -amb "Xucy - {XnI Ie
ssIImcyw sNøp-∂-h¿' Bb-Xn-\m-emtWm F∂v
I≠p-]n-Sn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
tkm]m\ kwKoXw cq]w sIm≈p-∂p.
ta¬∏d™ t£{X-kw-KoX {]`m-h-Im-e-
Øm-bn-cn-°-Ww, tImhn¬∏m-´mbn ]pe¿∂n-cp∂
kwKoXw tkm]m-\ -ambn Dcp -Øn -cn -™-Xv .
tkm]m\w F∂ ]Zw t£{X-hp-am-bp≈ _‘w
Ipdn-°p-∂p. Xan-gv\m- nse t£{X-ß-fn¬ tXhmcw
]c-º-c-bmbn ssIImcyw sNbvXp-h∂ ""Xncp-ss°-
- 71 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
sIm´n'' F∂ Kmb-I-kw-L-Øn-s‚bpw Ah¿
\n∂p ]mSnb Xncp-ss°-sIm´n aWvU-]-Øn-
s‚bpw ae-bm-f-]-cym-b-am-bn-cn°mw ""sIm´n-∏mSn
tkh-°mcpw'' Ah¿ \n∂ "tkm]m-\-a-WvU]'hpw.
inh-kw-_-‘n-bmb "tXhmcw' "HmXp-hm-°ƒ'
]mSn-b-t∏mƒ, sshjvW-h-Km-b-I-cmb "Assc-b¿'
"Xncp-hmbv samgn-Iƒ' ]mSn BSn. tIc-f-Øn¬
amcm¿ F∂ {]tXy-I-Km-b-I¿ B tkh\w ssih-
ssh-jvW-h-t`-Z-an-√msX A\p-jvTn-®p.
ChnsS Hcp Imcyw FSp-Øp-]-d-tb-≠-Xp-≠v.
Nne-∏-Xn-Im-chpw \mSy-im-kv{Xhpw apJyX
sImSpØv hnh-cn® \mSy-kw-Ko-X-am-bmepw icn,
tXhm-cw, Xncp-hmbvsamgn, sIm´n-∏mSn tkh XpS-
ßnb tZh-Im-cy-kw-Ko--X-am-bmepw icn, F√mw
KoXw, hmZyw, \rXyw F∂ Iem-{X-b-Øn¬ A[n-
jvTn-X-am-bn-cp-∂p. kp{]-kn≤ t£{X-ß-fn-se-
√mwXs∂ KoX-hm-Zy-߃°p ]pdta \S-\hpw Hcp
tkhm-hn-[n-bmbncp∂p. "KoXw ka¿∏-bman',
"hmZyw ka¿∏-bman', "\rXyw AYhm \mSyw
ka¿∏-bman' F∂v AI-Øn-cp-∂p-sIm≠v X{¥n
\n¿t±-in-°p-tºmƒ ]pdØv Cuiz-c-k-∂n-[n-bn¬
t£{X-I-em-Im-c¿, Ahsb Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-am-bn-
cp-∂p. AXp-Iq-Sm-sX, t£{X-Km-b-I¿ tXhmcw XpS-
ßn-bh ]mSn hew-h®p hcp-tºmƒ tZh-Zm-kn-Itfm
\mSym-Nm-cy-∑mtcm HmXp-hm-°tfm Ah-bpsS A`n-
\-bhpw Xmf-s®m-√p-Ifpw a‰pw {]Z¿in-∏n-°p-am-bn-
cp-∂p. HmXp-hm-apd C∂pw XpS-cp-∂p. tIc-f-Ønepw
Ch-sb√mw \S-∂n-cp-∂p-sh-∂-Xn-\p, ]e {KŸ-
ßfpw sXfn-hm-Wv. \mSyw Fs∂m-cwiw sIm´n-
∏mSn tkh-bn¬ C∂pw \ne-\n¬°p-∂p-≠-t√m.
tIc-f-Ønse t£{X-\-S-\-ßsf {]Xn-]m-Zn-
°p-∂-Xpw, A]q¿Æambn am{Xw F\n°p e`n-®n-
´p-≈-Xp-amb Hcp Xmfn-tbm-e-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬ ""\rØ-
Xm-fmZn'' F∂mWv t]cv ˛ \hk‘n \S-\-Øns‚
hnh-cWw sImSp-Øn-´p-≠v. Iq´-Øn-sem∂v {_“-
k‘n \S-\-am-Wv.
{_“Xmf-an-tXm-NytX
{_“-Xm-fw, \njm-Z-kz-cw, taL-cm-Kw,
Ia-em-h¿Ø\ \rØw,
AWvU- aWvUe tImSn `mkvI-c˛
\m`n ]¶P hnjvTpcw
AWvU-aWvUNcmNcm-Jn-e˛
tZh-cm-£-k-krPv hn`pw
`qcn-Im-©\ hk\ hmc-W˛
- 72 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
lwk NnØ NXp¿apJw
t`cn a±f apch’¿’-cn˛
{_“-Xm-f-anZw alXv''
\n¿`m-Ky-h-im¬ Cu GSns‚ H´pap°m¬
`mKhpw Po¿Æn-®p-t]m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ipd-™Xv
Hc™qdp h¿jsØ ]g-°hpw ImW-Ww.
KoX tKmhnμw
ta¬ {]kvXm-hn® t£{X-]m-c-ºcyw Gsd-
°mew \o≠p-\n-∂p. AXns‚ N´-°q-Sn\p am‰w
hcp-∂Xv KoX-tKm-hn-μ-Øns‚ hc-thm-sS-bm-Wv. Pb-
tZ-hs‚ {]kvXpX irwKm-c- -‡n-\m-Sy-Imhyw tIc-
f-Ønse kwKo-X-\r-Xym-Zn-I-fn¬ sNep-Ønb
kzm[o-\X A¤p-Xm-h-l-amWv. s]mXp-hm-fns‚
`mj-bn¬, “It caused modifications in the sentiment ofthe music and drumming and in the elaboration of dress-ing, and of the changes in the subject, sentiment andmethod, developed the distinctive krishnanattam whichreached its fullest development in the 14th century.””(State Manual, Vol IV p. 549) AtX-°p-dn®v Ip™≥
cmP ]d-bp-∂-Xn-ß-s\-bmWv:
“Krishnanattam was as adaptation of Jayadeva’sGita Govindam. The general structure of Kathakali ismore like Jayadeva’s Ashtapadi than any thing else.” (IIof Music Academy, 1958).
tÉv am\p-h-ens‚ A`n-{]m-bhpw as‰m-∂-
√. “This music style which was later on adopted in themusic of Kathakali by Veera Kerala Varma Raja, on thewhole, had a strangeness added to beauty, modelledafter Jayadeva’s Ashtapadi” (State Manual Vol. IV, p.557)
B¥-cn-I- -‡nbpw _mly-irw-Km-chpw F∂
tbmKm-fl-I-kz-`m-hhpw a[pc`‡nbpw am‰n \n¿-
Øn-bm¬ \mSy-im-kv{Xhpw AXns‚ ktlm-Z-cn-
I-fmb kwL-Im-e-Ir-Xn-Ifpw {]Xn-]m-Zn® kn≤m-
¥-ß-fp-sS-Xs∂ Hcp ]n¬°me cq]-amWv KoX-
tKm-hn-μ-Ønse \mSy-kn-≤m-¥-ßfpw kwKo-X-ssi-
en -bp -sa∂p a\- n -em -°mw. Xucy - {Xn -I -
Øn¬Øs∂ AXpw thcp-d-®n-cp-∂p-sh∂p Npcp-
°w. B t]cn\v Pe-tk-N\w \n¿Δ-ln-®p-sIm-≠p-
X-s∂-bmWv tIcf t£{Xhpw cwK-a-WvU-]hpw
AXns\ AwKo-I-cn-®Xpw tIc-fo-b-am-°n-b-Xpw.
]t£ Xucy-{XnI k¶-ev]-Ønse \rØw F∂
AwisØ Hgnhm-°n-s°m-≠p≈ hf¿®-bmWv
I¿Æm-SI kwKo-XsØ It®-cn-∏m-´m-°n-Øo¿Ø-
Xv. c≠p kwKo-X-ß-fp-tSbpw auen-I-amb hyXym-
khpw AXp-X-s∂. B hyXymkw hcm≥ Hcp
ImcWw c≠n-s‚bpw e£yw c≠m-sW-∂p-≈-Xm-
Wv. \rXyw AwK-am-°nb tIcf kwKo-X-Øns‚
]c-a-e£yw `mh-{]-Im-i-\-am-Wv. \rXyw hn´p
hf¿∂ It®cn kwKo-X-Øns‚ e£yw t£m`-
\n-b-{¥-Whpw, kwKo-Xm-\p- q-Xn-bpw. B hyXymkw
Ka-Iw, {ipXn, cmK-cq-]o-I-c-Ww, Xmfw XpS-ßnb
kt¶-X-ßsf shtΔ-d-bm-bn´v AwKo-I-cn-°m\pw
Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m\pw Ahsb t{]cn-∏n-®n- p-≠v. AsX-
ß-s\-sb∂v ]cn-tim-[n-°mw.
tkm]m\w F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ s]mcpƒ
tkm]m\w F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ s]mcpƒ sXm´p
XpS-ßmw. tkm]m\w F∂ hm°n\v Iev]-S-
sbt∂m GWn-sbt∂m A¿∞w Iev]n-°mw. ]pXp-
t°mSv kZm-in-h-am-cm-cm-ims‚ mj-bn¬ kl+D]
+B\w = tkm]m-\w. kl F∂p sh®m¬ IqsS:
D] F∂p-sh-®m¬ ]qPm]q¿Δw; B\w F∂p
sh®m¬ Ka-\w. AXm-bXv _lp-am-\-]q¿Δw Ib-
dp-Ibpw Cd-ßp-Ibpw sNøp∂ I¬∏-S. i_vZ-Xm-
cm -h -en -°m -c≥ A¿∞w \n¿t± -in -°p -∂Xv
k+D]+B\w = tkm]m\w F∂-t{X. CXn≥{]-
Im-cw, apI-fn¬ t]mIm-\p≈ t{iWn AYhm
am¿§w, AXm-bXv tam£-{]m-]vXn-°p≈ am¿§w
F∂p Iev]n-°mw. C\n as‰mcp hymJym\w:
kl+D]-bm\w = tkm]m-\w. kl F∂ ]Z-Øn\v
im¥n-]q¿Δw, £am-]q¿Δw F∂ A¿∞hpw D≠v.
"D]-bm\w' F∂-Xn\p t]mhp-Ibpw Xncn®p hcn-
Ibpw sNøpI F∂v A¿∞hpw I¬]n-°mw.
- 73 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
At∏mƒ im¥n-]q¿Δw Ib-dp-Ibpw Cd-ßp-Ibpw
sNøm-\p≈ Hcp t{iWn F∂mbn Chn-SsØ
A¿∞w. B ]ZsØ kwKo-X-Øns‚ shfn-®-
Øn¬ hymJym-\n-®m¬ Hcp Kmb-I≥ kam-
[m\]q¿Δw AYhm `‡n-]q¿Δw am{Xw Btcm-
ln-°pIbpw Ah-tcm-ln-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ kzc-
t{iWn F∂p kn≤n-°p-∂p. P¿Ω≥ kwKo-X-
⁄¿ CXns\ note ladder F∂p-Xs∂ hnfn-°p∂p.
I¿Æm-SI kwKo-X-Ønse cmKm-em-]-\hpw hn\ym-
khpw kzc-{I-a-Øn-eqsSØs∂ Ib-dn-bn-d-ßp-I-
bm-sW-¶nepw c≠n\pw XΩn¬ {]I-S\-Øn¬
hyXym-k-ap-≠v. tkm]m-\-Øn¬ cmKm-em-]\w
s]mXpth Xmf-_-≤-am-Wv. AXv CS-bv°-bp-sStbm
Ce-Øm-f-Øn-s‚tbm sIm´n-\-\p-k-cn®v, Hcp cmK-
Øns‚ ÿmbn-kz-c-Øn¬\n∂v AXns‚ Iogvkz-
csØ A\p-kz-c-am°ns°m≠v ASpØ kzc-Øn-
te°v kw{I-an-°p-I-bpw, ÿmbn-kz-c-Øn-te°p aS-
ßp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. AXp Ign-™m¬ AtX {Ia-
Øn¬, c≠mw kzc-Øn-te°v AXp \oßp-Ibpw
aS-ßp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. ]ns∂ aq∂mw kzc-Øn-
te°v. Aßs\ Hcp cmK-Ønse kzc-߃ apgp-
h≥ Hs∂m∂m-bn, ÿmbn-bmbn, AYhm \ne-
bmbn Ibdn Cdßn AYhm ASn-ÿm-\-ambn
Iev]n-®v, Be-]n®v Bem-]\w kºq¿Æ-am-°p-
∂p.
I¿Æm-SI kwKo-X-Øn¬ CØcw cmKm-em-
]\w Xmf-_-≤-a-√. ]t£, lnμp-ÿm-\n-bnse
cmKm-em-]-\m-co-Xn°v CXn-t\mSp kmZr-iy-ap-≠v.
"[n≥, [n≥' F∂n-ßs\ \mep-\m-embn hogp∂
X_-e-s°m-´n-s\m-∏n®v AhnsS cmKhpw ]Zhpw
hn\ym-khpw P\n-°p-∂p, hf-cp-∂p, hne-bn-°p-∂p.
tkm]m\kwKoXw ÿmbn-am¿§ kwKo-X-
am-Wv. Cu kwKo-X-Øn\p ]e hymJym-\-ßfpw
D≠v. tam£sØ ÿmbn-bm°n e£y-am-°n-s°m-
≠p≈ kwKoXw F∂v kmam-\ym¿∞w. s]mXpth
tkm]m-\-∏m-´n¬ Hcp cmKw ]e-t∏mgpw Hcp
ÿmbn-bn¬ Ihn™p k©-cn-°m-dn-√. `mh-Øn-
\p-]-‰nbXpw kpK-a-am-b-Xp-amb ÿmbnbv°p
am{Xta AXn¬ {]k-‡n-bp≈q. B ]cn-an-Xnsb
IW-°m°n "ÿmbn --am¿§w' F∂p ]d -
™Xmhm\pw aXn. aq∂m-asØ hymJym\w Ipd-
®p-IqSn kmc-h-Øm-Wv. Xmb-ºI XpS-ßnb taf-
ß-fn¬ Hmtcm Ime-ß-sfbpw ÿmbn-bm-bn, \ne-
bmbn, kzoI-cn-®v, Ah-bn¬ Cc-´nbpw hI-Ifpw
sIm´m-dp-≠-t√m. AtX-t]mse Hcp cmK-Ønse
Hmtcm kzc-tØbpw ÿmbn-bm-bn, \ne-bmbn
kzoI-cn®v AXn¬ \n¿Øn-∏m-Sp-Ibpw hn\ymkw
sNøp-Ibpw sNøp∂ am¿§sØ AYhm {]h-W-
Xsb ]n≥]-‰p∂ kwKoXw F∂ A¿∞-am-W-Xv.
{ipXn kzcq]w
tkm]m -\ -Øns‚ as‰mcp hy‡nXzw
AXns‚ {ipXn-kz-cq-]-Øn-em-sW∂v B‰q-cm-Nm-
cy\pw kZm-in-h-am-cmcpw ]d-™Xv icn-bm-sW∂p
tXm∂p-∂p. I¿Æm-SI kwKo-X-Øn¬ 22 {ipXn-
Itf D≈p-sh∂p ]d-bp-sa-¶nepw, 12 kzc-߃°v
Cuc≠p hoXw BsI {ipXn-Iƒ 24 BsW-∂mWv
Ah-cpsS ]£w. ]t£ am¿§ kwKo-Xm-h-ew-_n-
bmb tkm]m-\-Øn¬ 22 {ipXn-I-fm-sW∂v Ah¿
]d-bm-dp-≈Xv A\p- -h-Øn¬ icn-bm-sW-∂p-Xs∂
tXm∂p-∂p.
sh¶n-S-aJn 16 kzc-t∏-cp-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂p-s≠-
¶nepw BsI 12 kzc-ÿm-\-߃ am{Xta ÿqe-
am-bn- p-≈q-sh-∂mWv s]mXpth A`n-{]m-bw. ]t£
kZm-in-h-am-cm¿ tkm]m-\-Øn¬ 14 kzc-߃
Ds≠∂v hmZn-°p-∂p. tkm]m-\-Øn¬ A[n-I-ambn
Hcp Km‘m-chpw \njm-Zhpw [z\n-°p-∂-Xp-sIm-
≠mWt±lw Aßs\ ]d-bp -∂-X v . Fs‚
s{]m^ -dm-bn-cp∂ e£vao-\m-cm-b-W≥ \mb¿
A[n-I-∏-‰mb Km‘m-c-sØbpw \njm-Z-sØbpw
ssIc-fo-Km-‘m-c-sa∂pw ssIc-fo-\n-jm-Z-sa∂pw
hnfn®v Rm≥ tI´n-´p-≠v. Nne {ipXn-Isf kq£va-
ambn ]nSn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠v, Ahbv°p aq¿—bpw
hy‡n-Xzhpw kzc-ÿm-\-kz-`m-hhpw tXm∂p-sa-
¶nepw Ah c≠pw, Km‘m-c-\n-jm-Z-ß-fpsS hnIm-
- 74 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
c-ambn IW-°m-°p-I-bm-bn-cn°pw DØ-aw. B c≠p
aq¿Om-{ip-Xn-Ifpw kzcw-t]mse \n-g-en-°p∂ ]m´p-
Iƒ tkm]m-\-Øn¬ F{Xtbm D≠v. ]gb Nne
AΩm-\-∏m- p-Iƒ DZm-l-c-W-ß-fm-Wv. I¿Æm-SI
kwKo-X-Øn¬ KaIw hgn am{Xw kqNn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂
B {ipXn-[z-\n-Iƒ Cu ]m´p-I-fn¬ angn-hp≈ kzc-
ÿm-\-߃t]mse [z\n-°p-∂-Xp-sIm-≠m-W-Xv.
AtX-t]m-se, ssIc-fo-\n-jmZw F∂p
hnti-jn-°-s∏-Sp∂ \njmZw sX°≥ Xncp-hn-Xmw-
Iq-dn-em-Wv IqSp-X¬ tI´n-cp-∂-Xv. "Cc-hn-Ip-´n-∏n-
≈t∏m'cn¬ F{Xtbm DZm-l-c-W-ß-fp-≠v. Npcp-
´n-cm-K-Ønse \njm-ZsØ kq£va-ÿm-\Øv
\n¿Øn _ew-sIm-SpØp ]mSp-∂-]£w Cu \njm-
Z-ÿm\w [z\n-°p-∂-Xp-am-Wv.
tkm]m-\-Øns‚ as‰mcp {]tXy-I-X, ÿmb-
ß-fpsS hyh-ÿ-bn-em-Wv. \mtSm-Sn-∏m-´p-I-fpsS
kwKo-X-sØ-∏‰n ]d-™-t∏mƒ Ah-bn¬ [z\n-
°p∂ {][m-\-kz-c-sØbpw AXns\ B{i-bn®v
GXm\pw kzc-߃ tN¿sØ-Sp-°p∂ ÿmb-sØ-
bpw-]‰n ]d-™p. ]q¿Æ-X-bn-se-Ønb cmK-ß-
fnepw CØcw Nne {]tXy-I-ÿm-b-߃ am{Xw
A\p-kyqXw {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xm-bn-Im-Wmw. Hcp
cmK-Ønse CØcw B[m-c-ÿmbw Hcp {]tXy-
I- m-hsØ tZymXn-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. B mhw
{]I-S-am-t°≠ Ah-k-c-Øn¬ B ÿm-bw-am{Xw
kZm [z\n-∏n-®p-sIm≠v _m°n-bp-≈-hsb t\cn-
b-Xmbn am{Xw {]Im-in-∏n-°p-Itbm hn´p-I-f-bp-
Itbm sNøp∂ Hcp {]h-W-X-bm-W-Xv. tIc-f-Øn-
se -t∏mse lnμp -ÿm\n kwKo -X -Ønepw
CuÿmbØn\p {]m[m\yw D≠v. AXn¬ CXn\v
AwKw F∂p ]d-bpw. Hcp cmK-Ip-Spw-_-Ønse
F√m AwK-߃°pw (P-\y -߃°pw) Cu
ÿmbw Poh-ÿm-b-am-bn-cn-°pw. h¿Ω, Ipdp∏v
Fs∂ms° ÿm\-t∏cp-Iƒ \¬Ip-∂-Xp-t]m-se.
Cu {]h-W-Xsb \ne-\n¿Øm≥ Hcp cmK-
Ønse ]e k©m-c-ß-tfbpw Hcp {]tXyI
kμ¿`-Øns‚ ˛ ck-Øns‚ ˛ ]Zm-em-]-\-bn¬
Kmb-I≥ hntS-≠n-h-cpw. AXv Hcp cmK-Ønse Nne
kzc-ßsf hn´p-]n-Sn-°m≥ Imc-W-am-hp-∂p. B
\bw {]h-W-X-bmbn tkm]m-\-Øn¬ {]h¿Øn-
°p-∂p. Hcp cmK-Ønse CS kzc-ßsf hn´pw-
sIm≠v "]'bn¬\n∂p "k'bn -te -t°m,
"a'bn¬\n∂pw "k'bn-tet°m hgpXn hogp∂ coXn
AXn¬ km[m-c-W-am-Wv. ]mSn, L≠mcw XpS-
ßnb cmK-ß-fn¬ {]tXy-In-®pw.
Cu hn´p-]n-Sn-°¬ ÿmbn-\n-_-‘-\bv°v
Imc-W-am-hp-∂p. Nne {]tXyI ]Z-ß-fpsS ÿmbn-
`m-h-Øn\p a{μ-ÿm-bntbm a{μa-[y-ÿm-bntbm
Bbn-cn°pw A\p-tbm-Pyw. AtX-t]m-se, a‰p
NneXn\p a[y-Xm-ctam Xmctam Bbn-cn°pw tbm-
Pn-°p-I.
kq£va kzc-{]-tbmKw
kq£va kzc-{]-tbmKw I¿Æm-SI kwKo-X-
Ønepw Ds≠-¶nepw tkm]m-\-Øn¬ AXn\p
_mlpeyw IqSp-X-ep-≠v. Xs∂-b-√, Ieym-Wn,
tXmSn XpS-ßnb cmK-ß-fpsS kzc-߃ It®-cn-
bn¬ KaIw tN¿Øv Be-]n-°p-tºmƒ, tkm]m-
\-Øn¬ kq£va-ÿm-\Øv \n¿Øn-s°m-≠m-bn-
cn°pw {]tbm-Kn-°p-I. Xucy-{XnIw ]n≥]-‰p∂
kwKo-X-Øns‚ Hcp {]tXy-I-X-bm-W-Xv. am¿§
kwKoXw s]m´n-hn-cn™ thZ-kw-Ko-Xw-sXm´v Cu
{]h-WX {]h¿Øn-®n-cp-∂p. Hmtcm kzc-Øn\pw
Hcp \n¿±n -jvS -ÿm\w \¬Ins°m-≠mWv
kwKoXw A∂v Be-]n-®n-cp-∂-Xv. t£m`w {]I-Sn-
∏n-°m≥ i‡-amb Nne \mZ-ß-sf, "kvtXm`m-£-
c-߃' F∂p t]cp-sIm-Sp-Øp-sIm-≠p-t]mepw
AXn¬ AwKo-I-cn-®n-cp-∂p. \mSy-im-kv{X-Im-eØv
B \mZ-߃°v "cmKw' F∂ t]cp hoWp. cmK-
sa∂ t]cv C°m-esØ A¿∞-Øn-e√ A∂p-]-
tbm-Kn-°-s∏-´-Xv. A\p-cmKw (a-\- n-\v), lcn-X-
cmKw (I-Æn-\v), cmK-jm-Uhw (\m-hn-\v) F∂n-
ßs\ ]t©-{μn-b-߃°v cpNn-®-sX√mw A∂v
cmK-߃ F∂ s]mXp-t∏-cn¬ {]kn-≤-am-bn.
At∏mƒ tIƒhn°p cpNn® \mZhpw cmK-am-bn.
- 75 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
cmKw F∂ t]cp `c-X≥ D]-tbm-Kn-®Xv Nne
{]tXyI kzc-ß-fpsS ck-kv^p-c-W-i-‡nsb
ap≥\n¿Øn-bm-Wv. "cmKw' F∂ t]cn-e-dn-b-s∏-s´-
¶nepw, BZy-Im-e-ß-fn¬ IqSn-bm-´-Ønse "cmKw'
F∂ kt¶-Xw, AXn-kq-£va-ß-fmb `mh-\m-Z-
ßsf am{X-amWv Ipdn-®-sX∂p tXm∂p-∂p.
{ItaW B mh-\m-Z-߃ tkm]m-\-kw-Ko-X-Øn¬
kq£va-kz-c-{]-tbm-K-ß-fm-bn, `mhw Xo{h-am-°m-
\p≈ Hcp]m-[n-bmbn amdn. hnIm-c-kw-b-a\w ]cn-
]m-en® It®-cn-kw-Ko-X-Øn¬ AXns‚ Bh-iy-
an-√-t√m. Ka-I-߃ Ie¿Øn a[p-cna Iq´n cmK-
߃ AhnsS Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏- p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.
tkm]m-\-kw-Ko-X-Øns‚ as‰mcp {]tXy-IX
cmKm-em-]-\-Øn¬ CS-bv°n-Sbv°p tIƒ°m-dp≈
Hcp {]tXyI CuWhpw kzc-߃°p sImSp-°p∂
hnd-bepw BWv. hnd-b¬ kwKo-X-Øns‚ ]g-asb
Ipdn-°p-∂p. CuWw kwkvIrX \mS-I-ß-fnse
t«mIw sNm√-en-t\m-Sp≈ _‘w ImWn-°p-∂p.
cmK- -Xm-f- -hmZy taJ-e-Iƒ
as‰√m taJ-e-sb-°mfpw hy‡n-Xz-ap-≈-
XmWv tkm]m-\-Ønse cmK-ta-J-e. tkm]m-\-kw-
Ko-X-Ønse cmK-߃ H´pap-°mepw ]gw-Ime
{Zmhn-U-kw-Ko-X-Øn¬ Is≠-Ømw. Ccp-f-Iu-in-
Iw, NoIm-h-cw, ]mSn, ]pd-\o-cp, Ipdn-©n, \m´ XpS-
ßnb F{Xtbm tIc-f -cm -K -߃ 103
]¨IpSw_Ønse AwK-ß-fmbn A‰-Ip-‰-ß-tfm-
sS-bm-sW-¶nepw C∂pw Ah-ti-jn-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v.
CØcw cmK-߃ \ΩpsS kwKo-X-Øn¬ am{X-
a√ b£-Km-\w, tXhm-cw, Xncp-∏p-I-gv, \mem-bnc
{]_-‘w, Nne t£{X-ß-fnse \h-k-‘n-\-S-\-
߃ XpSßn F{X-sb-{X-tbm- c-N-\-I-fn¬ \ng-
tUm. eoem HmwtNcn : tIc-fob kwKoX Kth-j-I. \nc-h[n {K‘-߃
cNn-®n-´p-≠v.
en®p \n¬°p-∂p-≠v.
tkm]m-\-Øns‚ Xmf-tem-Ihpw A¤p-X-ß-
fpsS Hcp tiJ-c-am-Wv. I¿Æm-SI kwKo-X-Ønse
Xmf-]-≤-Xn-b-√, ]gw-Ime am¿§-Xmf ]≤-Xn-bmWv
C∂pw ChnsS {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xv. IqSmsX hrØ-
\n -_-‘-\-Isf A\p-k-cn -®p≈ Xmf-ßfpw
]pe-cp-∂p-≠v. I¿Æm-SIØn¬ eLp-hn\p ]e
kwJym-_-e-am-sW-¶n¬ ChnsS Ht∂bp-≈q. A\p-
{ZpXw AhnsS Nº-bn¬ am{X-am-sW-¶n¬ ChnsS
an° Xmf-ß-fnepw k¿Δ-km-[m-c-W-am-Wv. {]kn-
≤-amb Ggp Xmf-߃ IqSm-sX, ]e Xmf-ßfpw
]e-Xcw sshNn - {Xy -t` -Z -ß-tfmsS CXn¬
{]h¿Øn-®p-h-cp-∂p≠v. a¿Ω-Xm-fw, apS-°p-Xm-fw,
Imcn-I, _≤m-]Ww XpSßn ]e-Xpw. Xmf-°-W-
°n¬ i_vZhpw HcwK-am-Wv. Xs∂-b-√, sIm´p-
Iƒ°v Kpcp-e-LpXzw sImSpØp hyXymkw hcp-
Øp-∂Xpw Hcp {]tXy-I-X-bm-Wv. I¿Æm-S-I-Øn¬
Npcp-°-ambn am{Xw ImWp-∂-Xm-Wv CXv. t£{X-
ta-Je am{X-a√, \mSy-cwKw am{X-a-√, \mtSmSn taJ-
e-t]mepw ]e-Xcw Xmf-ß-fmepw {]h¿Ø-\-ß-
fmepw Kw`o-chpw kº-∂-hp-am-Wv.
AXy¥w hy‡nXzw \nd-™-XmWv tkm]m-
\-Øns‚ hmZy-ta-J-e-bpw. c≠m-bncw h¿j-ß-fn-
e-[nIw {]mb-ap-≠m-bn´pw hm¿≤-Iy-ta¬°m-
ØXpw c-X-ap-\n-bpsS aqe-Ip-Spw-_-Ønse ]nd-∏p-
_-‘w hnSm-Ø-Xp-amb hmZy-߃ tIc-f-Øn\p
am{X-a-√, `mc-X-Øn\p am{X-a-√, temI-Øn-\p-
t]mepw Hcp apX¬°q-´m-Wv. ]pd-Ø-dn-bm-Ø-Xp-
sIm-≠p-am{Xw IpS-Ønse hnf-°m-bn, IpSn-hn-f-
°mbn an∂p∂ hmZy-ß-tfbpw taf-ß-tfbpw a‰p
temI-hp-ambn ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-tØ≠ Npa-Xe
\ΩptSXmWv.
- 76 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
cta-i≥ Xºp-cm≥
IY-Ifn kwKo-X-Øns‚ hnImk ]cn-Wm-a-߃
GXv kwKo-XsØ AS-bm-f-s∏-Sp-Øm\pw
ÿe-Im-e-߃ A\n-hm-cy-am-Wv. Hcp kwKo-X-]-
≤-Xn-bpsS kz`mhw \n¿Æ-bn-°m≥ Cu c≠v am\-
Z -WvU-ßfpw IqSntb Xocq. ]Xn -s\´mw
\q‰m≠nse kwKoXw F∂p-]-d-™m¬ AXv
A]q¿Æ-am-sbmcp Bi-b-am-Wv. GXv tZisØ
kwKoXw F∂p-IqSn tN¿Ømte AXns‚ Nn{Xw
hy‡-am-hp-I-bp-≈q. AXp-t]mse Xs∂ B{^n-
°≥ kwKoXw F∂v ]d-bp-tºmƒ GXv Ime-L-
´ -Øn-te-sX∂p IqSn -b -dn -™mte AXns‚
kz`mhw a\- n-em-Ip-I-bp-≈q.
\Ωƒ IY-Ifn kwKoXw F∂v hyh-l-cn-
°p-tºmƒ, tZi-]-cn[n tIc-f-am-sW-¶nepw \q‰m--
≠p-Iƒ ]c-∂p-In-S-°p∂ hn`n-∂-L- -ßsf hnkva-
cn-°-cp-Xv. {]mtZ-inI t`Z-ßfpw IY-Ifn kwKo-X-
Øn-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]s£ C∂sØ ÿe-Ime
cmin-bn-ep≈ IY-Ifn kwKoXw am{X-amWv \ap°v
ap∂n¬ {]Xy-£-am-bp-≈-Xv.
tkm]m\ kwKoX ]≤-Xn-bmWv IY-Ifn
kwKo-X-Øn¬ kzo-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-sX∂v s]mXpsh
]d-bm-dp-≠v. F∂m¬ tkm]m\ kwKo-X-Øns‚
kzXz-sØ-°p-dn®v IrXy-amb Hcp \n¿Δ-N\w
\¬Im≥ B¿°pw Ign-bm-dn-√. Ka-I-ßfpw Ae-
¶m-c-{]-tbm-K-ßfpw hfsc Ipd™ Hcp Bem-]-
\-ssi-en-bmWv tkm]m\ kwKo-X-Øn-t‚-Xv.
D≈n¬ X´n-bp≈ Hcp {]m¿∞-\-bpsS kz`m-h-am-
bn-cp∂p AXn-\v.
IY-I-fn-bpsS ]cn-Wma hgn-I-fn¬ kwKoXw
]e L´-ß-fn-eqsS IS-∂p-t]m-bn-´p-≠v. cma-\m-´-
Øn¬ \S-∑m¿ Xs∂-bmWv ]mSn-bn-cp-∂-Xv. G‰p-
]m-Sm≥ ]n∂n-em-fp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. sh´Øv cmPm-
hmWv hmNn-IsØ \S-\n¬ \n∂S¿Øn-am‰n
]n≥]m-´p-Imsc G¬]n-®-Xv.
BZy-Im-eØv hmNn-Imwiw \n¿Δ-ln-°pI
F∂-Xn¬ Ihn™v ]m´n\v henb {]m[m\yw \¬-
I-s∏-´n-cp-∂n-√. I√-Sn-t°m-S≥ k{º-Zm-b-tØm-sS-
bmWv IY-I-fn-bn¬ kwKo-X-Øn\v {]map-Jy-ta-dn-
b-Xv. ]Z-ß-fpsS Nn´bpw k{º-Zm-bhpw IrXy-ambn
\njvI¿j sNøs∏-´p. `mh-Øn\p Ipd-®p-IqSn
{]m[m\yw e`n-®p. tIm´bw IY-I-fn-bnse ]Z-ß-
fpsS cq]-`m-h-L-S\ {i≤n-®m¬ B inev]-`-{ZX
\ap°v hy‡-am-Ipw.
Iπn-ßm-S≥ ssien-bmbt∏mtgbv°v IY-I-
fn-bn¬ sX°≥ IY-Ifpw {]Nm-c-Øn-em-bn. A-`n-
\-b-Øn¬ km-Xzn-Imw-i-Øns‚ {]m[m\yw sXfn-
™p-h-∂Xv Iπn-ßm-S≥ If-cn-bn¬ \n∂m-Wv.
Imhp-߬ ]Wn-°-∑m¿, \f-\pÆn XpS-ßnb
{]kn-≤-cmb sX°≥ \S-∑m¿ Iπn-ßm-S≥ ssien-
°m-cm-bn-cp-∂p. thj-tam-Sn-bnepw Iem-i-\r-Øm-Zn-
I-fnepw D≈-Xn-t\-°mƒ {i≤ Ah¿ mhm-hn-jv°-
c-W-Øn\p \¬In. AXn-\m¬ \mSy-hn-j-b-amb
Hcp ]q¿ÆX Cu k{º-Zm-b-Øn¬ ssIh-∂p. I√-
Sn-t°m-S≥ ssien-bn¬ Ipd-hm-bn-cp∂ `mh-kw-
L¿j -Im -fl -I -
amb \mS-Io-bX
Iπn-ßm-S≥ k{º-
Zm-b-Øn¬ IqSp-X-
embn A\p-`-h-s∏-
´p-Xp-S-ßn. `mhm-`n-
\b km[yX
h¿≤n -® -tXmsS
taf -°m¿ ssI
bv°v IqSnØpS-
ßp-Ibpw ]m´p -
Im¿ `mh-]q¿Øn-
°mbn kwKo - sh¶nS IrjvW mK-h-X¿
- 77 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
XsØ D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øm\pw XpS-ßn.
XpS¿∂p-h∂ I√p-h-gn-®n-´-bn-eqsS IY-Ifn
]q¿ÆX {]m]n-®p. KoXw, hmZyw, \rØw, \rXyw,
A`n-\bw F∂n-h-bpsS ka-{K-X-bm-bn-cp∂p Cu
k{º-Zm-b-Øns‚ ImX¬.
Cu Hmtcm L -߃s°m∏w IY-Ifn kwKo-
Xhpw ]cn-W-an-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p.
Iπn-ßm-S≥ k{º-Zm-b-Øn¬s∏´ aqtØ-
SØv C´n-chn \ºq-Xn-cn, I√p-hgn®n´-bpsS kwhn-
[m-\-Øn¬ KWy-amb ]¶p-h-ln® Icp-a-\-t»cn
IrjvW≥Ip´n-`m-K-h-X¿, Xncp-hn-ezm-ae inh-cm-a-
`m-K-h-X¿, tNme-bn¬ IrjvW≥Ip´n-`m-K-h-X¿,
Imh-t»-cn-{Xbw F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ IÆ-∏-°p-dp-∏v,
tKm]me IrjvW-`m-K-h-X¿, am\p-`m-K-h-X¿, Xncp-
hn-ezm-ae A∏p-°p-´≥ mK-h-X¿, kvam¿Ø hnNm-
c-Øn\v hnt[-b-\mbn {`jv-S-\m-°-s∏´ Ip™n-cm-
a≥ \ºo-i≥ F∂n-ßs\ At\Iw t]¿ IY-Ifn
kwKo-X-Øns\ Ah-c-h-cp-tS-Xmb coXn-bn¬
hf¿Øn-bn-´p-≠v.
IY-Ifn kwKo-X-Øns‚ B[p-\nI Imew
XpS-ßp-∂Xv ap≠mb sh¶n-S-Ir-jvW-`m-K-h-X-cn¬
\n∂m-Wv. IY-I-fn-bn¬ aqtØ-SØv k{º-Zmbw
F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ kwKoX ]mc-º-cy-Øn¬s∏´
Bfm-bn-cp -∂p-sh-¶n -epw, Xs‚ A\p-P-\mb
{]ikvX I¿Æm-SI kwKo-X-⁄-\m-bn-cp∂ ]me-
°mSv cma-`m-K-h-X-cpsS \nc-¥c kº¿°hpw
kzm[o-\hpw aqew mK-h-X¿ ]mc-º-cy-ssi-en-bn¬
\n∂v Ipd®v hyXn-N-en-®p. A∂p-hsc \ne-hn-en-
cp∂ kwKo-X-co-Xn-bnse sshin-jy-߃ \ne-
\n¿Øn-bpw, sshcq-]y-߃ apdn®p am‰nbpw I¿Æm-
SI ssien-bnse B[mc \nb-a-ßsf kzmwio-I-
cn®pw ]pXn-sbmcp kwKo-X-]Yw At±lw Is≠-
Øn.
A∂p-hsc IY-I-fn-bn¬ {]Nm-c-Øn-en-√m-bn-
cp∂ ]e cmK-ßfpw `mK-h-X¿ Ac-ßn-se-Øn-
®p. {ipXnip≤n, cmK-hy-‡-X, Ka-I-ssh-hn-[y-߃
XpSßn ]eXpw I¿Æm-SI kwKo-X-Øn¬ \n∂v
At±lw kzoI-cn-®p. kwKo-X-in-£-W-Øn\v KoX-
߃, hcn-i-Iƒ XpS-ßn-bh G¿s∏-Sp-Øn. I¿Æm-
SI ssien Ie¿Øn-b-Xn\pw hyhÿ sNbvX
cmK-߃ am‰n-b-Xn\pw At±-l-Øn\p ITn\
hna¿i-\-߃ G‰p-hm-tß-≠n-h-∂n-´p-≠v. Iem-a-
WvUew F∂ alm-ÿm-]-\-Øn¬ kwKo-Xm-Nm-
cy-\mbn A\-h-[n-Imew {]h¿Øn-®n-´p≈Xpaqew
`mK-h-X-cpsS k{º-Zm-b-Øn\v AwKo-Im-chpw B[n-
Im-cn-I-Xbpw ssIh-∂p.
sh¶n-S-IrjvW `mK-h-X-cpsS {]nb-in-jy-
\mb \oe-I -
WvT≥ \ºo-i≥
IY-Ifn kwKo-X-
Øns‚ i‡n
t K m ] p - c - ß ƒ
]Wn-Xp-b¿Ønb
Hcp alm-Nm-cy-\m-
bn-cp-∂p. Kpcp-\m-Y-
\n¬ \n∂v e`n®
\ho\kc-Wnsb
Xs‚ {]Xn -` -
sIm≠v XpS-®p-an-
\p -°n -sb -SpØv
ASpØ Xe-ap -
dbv°v ssIam-dp-I-
sb∂ ZuXyw
At±lw Gs‰-Sp-
Øp.
L\Kw`oc-amb i_vZw, D®m-cW kv^pS-X,
`mh-]q¿Øn-bv°m-bp≈ {iaw, Acßv \nb-{¥n-
°p-∂-Xn-ep≈ Akm-am-\y-]m-Shw F∂n-h-sIm≠v
kph¿Æ Ime-L-´-Ønse al¬km-∂n-≤y-ambn
\ne-sIm≠p \ºo-i≥. Kpcp-\m-Y-s\∂ \ne-bn¬
At±-l-sØ-t∏mse tim`n® as‰m-cm-fn-√. DÆn-
Ir-jvW-°p-dp-∏v, KwKm-[-c≥, cma-hm-cn-b¿, F{ºm-
¥n-cn, sslZ-cm-en, lcn-Zm-kv, kp{_-“-Wy≥,
Iem-a-WvUew DÆn-Ir-jvW-°p-dp∏v
- 78 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
amSºn XpSßn Ifn-b-c-ßnse kwKoX sshhn-
[y-߃ apgp-h≥ \ºo-is‚ in£-W-Øn¬ hncn-
™p-h-∂-Xm-Wv.
\ºo-is‚ {]WX injy-\mb Iem-a -
WvUew DÆn-Ir-jvW-°p-dp∏v IY-Ifn kwKo-XsØ
AXp-hsc A\p- -hn-°mØ as‰mcp hnXm-\-Øn-se-
Øn-®p. {]Xn-`-bpsS Nnd-Ip-ambn At±lw tXm∂n-
b-Xp-t]mse ]d-∂p-\-S-∂p.
\njv°-f-¶-amb imco-cw, {Xnÿm-bn-I-fn-epw,
A\m-bm-k-k-©mcw, AKm-[mb cmK-⁄m-\w, Dd-
®-Xm-f-t_m-[w, tkm]m-\-co-Xn-tbm-Sp≈ tKm{X-_-
‘w, A£-c-kv p-SX F∂n-h-sb√mw tN¿∂v Ipdp-
∏ns‚ ]m´n\v \h-ssN-X\yw ]I¿∂p. A\-\p-I-c-
Wo-b-amb B ssien C∂v GI-tZiw A\yw-\n∂
\ne-bn-em-bn. A]q¿Δ-ambn am{Xw kw`-hn-°p∂
Ah-Xm-c-am-bn-cp∂p B AXpeyKm-b-I≥.
\nd™ IY-I-sf At±lw IqSp-X¬ s]men-∏n-s®-
Sp-Øp.
ssa°ns‚ km[y-X-Iƒ ]q¿Æ-ambn D]-tbm-
K-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ XpS-ßn-bXv F{ºm-¥n-cn-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
sshIm-cn-IX \nd™ B sh¬sh‰v \mZw Bkzm-
ZI¿°v Gsd {]nb¶c-am-bn-cp-∂p.
ka-Im-eo\ Kmb-I-cn¬ ]e-cnepw F{ºm-¥n-
cn-bpsS kzm[o\w {]I-S-am-bn-cp-∂p. GI-tZiw 25
hb-t msS Xs∂ s]m∂m\n Kmb-I-\mbn F{ºm-
¥ncn tim`n®p XpS-ßn-bn-cp -∂p. \ºo-i\pw
Ipdp∏pw KwKm-[-c\pw Ip´-∏-°p-dp∏pw Ac-ßp-hm-
gp∂ ImeØv Xs∂ IY-I-fn-th-Zn-bnse \nd-km-
∂n-≤y-ambn amdm≥ F{ºm-¥n-cn°p Ign-™p. AIm-
e-Øn¬ B{I-an® Akp-J-߃ aqew Ah-km\
Ime-ß-fn¬ At±-l-Øns‚ km∂n≤yw Ac-ßp-
I-fn¬ hnc-f-am-bn-cp-∂p. IY-Ifn thZn-I-fn¬
kwKoX {]Pm-]-Xn-bmbn hncm-Pn-t°-≠n-bn-cp∂
\mfp-I-fn¬ F{ºm-¥ncn°v Ac-ßn¬ \n∂v hn´p-
\n¬t°-≠n-h-∂Xv IY-I-fn-bpsS Xocm-\-jvS-am-Wv.
{]mtbW Hcp t£{X-I-e-bmb IY-I-fn-bn-
te°v ap…nw kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ \n∂v Hcmƒ IS-∂p-
h-cnI! hyXn-cn-‡-amb Hcp kwKo-X-ssi-en-sIm≠v
Bkzm-ZI a\- p-I-fn¬ Nnc{]Xn-jvT-t\-SpI!
AXmWv Iem-a-WvUew sslZ-cmen sNbvX A¤p-
X-I¿Ωw.
Kk-ep-I-fp-tSbpw, I¿Æm-SnIv `P-\p-I-fp-tS-
bpw, efnX kwKo-X-Øn-s‚bpw kz`m-h-߃ B
]m´n-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. tkm]m-\-Øns‚ Xncp-ti-jn-
∏p-Iƒ At±lw h¿÷n-®p. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂
sslZ-cm-en-bp-tSXv IY-Ifn kwKo-X-a√ Fs∂mcp
hna¿i\w At±-l-Øn\v t\cn-tS-≠n-h-∂n-´p-≠v.
F¶nepw kmam\y P\-߃°n-S-bn¬ sslZ-cm-
en°v At\Iw Bcm-[-I-cp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Hcn°¬
At±-lsØ ]mSn-°m-\mbn sNß-∂q¿ t£{X-
Ønse aXn¬ s]mfn-®p-\o-°n. aXn-en\p ]pd-Øp-
\n∂v AIØv tÃPn¬ \S-°p∂ IY-I-fn°v
Xs‚ A\-\y-a-[p-c-amb imcocw sIm≠v IY-
Ifn kwKo-X-Øn¬ ]pXn-sbmcp hgn-Ømc Xpd-
°m≥ Ign™ \ncp-]a Kmb-I-\m-bn-cp∂p Iem-a-
WvUew i¶-c≥ F{ºm-¥n-cn. emfn-Xy-am¿∂ mh-
kw-Ko-Xw-sIm≠v A\-h[n Bkzm-Z-Isc IY-I-fn-
bn-te°v BI¿jn-°m≥ F{ºm-¥n-cn°p Ign-™p.
\f-N-cn-Xw-t]m-se-bp≈ \mS-Iob aplq¿Ø-߃
i¶-c≥ F{ºm-¥ncn
- 79 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ hn[n. HSphn¬ kzmX-{¥y-
Øns‚ NndIv e`n-®-t∏mƒ kwKo-X-hn-lm-b- n¬
At±lw ]d∂p Ifn-®p. B \mZ-ss\¿Ω-ey-Øn¬
hncn™ `mh-Ko-X-߃ Bkzm-ZI¿°v ]pXn-sbm-
c-\p- q-Xn-bm-bn. Hmtcm hm°nepw mh-ap-W¿Øp∂
Hcp cmk-hnZy B kwKo-X-Øn-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
Ac-ßp-I-fnse Xs‚ am[-h-Imew ]q¿Æ-am-°m≥
\n¬°msX At±-lhpw \sΩ hn´p-]n-cn-™p.
F{ºm-¥n-cn, sslZ-cm-en, lcn-Zm-kv, c≠p-
h¿j-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ aq∂v {][m\ Kmb-I-cmWv Ime-
Øns‚ Xnc-»o-e°p ]n∂n¬ ad-™-Xv.
\ºo-is‚ _mWn ImØp-kq-£n-°p∂ Iem-
a-WvUew KwKm-[-c≥, ip≤-k-{º-Zmbw ImØp-kq-
£n-°p∂ amSºn kp{_-“-Wy≥ \ºq-Xn-cn, Iem-
\n-ebw DÆn-Ir-jvW≥, Ipdp-∏ns‚ GI-in-jy-\mb
]me-\mSv Znhm-I-c≥ \ºq-Xn-cn, ]Øn-bq¿ i¶-
c≥Ip-´n, tIm´-bv°¬ \mcm-b-W≥, tIm´-bv°¬
a[p XpS-ßn-b-h-cmWv C∂v IY-Ifn kwKo-XsØ
apt∂m´v \bn-°p-∂-Xv.
lnμp-ÿm\n kwKo-X-Ønepw I¿Æm-SI
kwKo-X-Ønepw apJy-ambpw c≠v `mh-߃ am{X-
am-Wp-≈-Xv `‡nbpw, irwKm-chpw. F∂m¬ IY-
Ifn kwKo-X-Øn¬ \h-c-k-ßfpw AS-ßn-bn- p-≠v.
AXmWv AXns‚ sshin-jvSyw. ]Z-ß-fp-tSbpw
t«mI-ß-fp-tSbpw kmln-Xy-tim- -IqSn IW-°n-se-
Sp-°p-tºmƒ tIc-fo-b¿°v A`n-am-\n-°m-hp∂ Hcp
kwKoX ]≤-Xn-X-s∂-bmWv IY-I-fn-bn-ep-≈Xv
F∂ Imcy-Øn¬ kwi-b-an-√.
At±lw ]mSn. ]s£ At∏mgpw a\pjy a\- nse
h¿§ob aXn¬ XI-cmsX \n∂p.
Xs‚ D≈n-ep-d-ßn-°n-S∂ kwKosØ hnfn-
®p-W¿Øm≥ sshIn-t∏mb Hcp {]Xn- -bm-bn-cp∂p
sh◊Wn lcn-Zm-kv. ]Tn-®n-d-ßn-b-Xn-\p-tijw
Ipsd h¿j-°mew Al-Ω-Zm-_m-Znse Z¿∏-W-bn-
em-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. Xncn-®p-h∂Xn\p-ti-jhpw
At\-I-Imew in¶n-Snbmbn HXpßn-°-gn-bm-\m-bn-
cta-i≥ Xºp-cm≥ : sI. Fkv. C. _n. DtZym-K-ÿ≥, kmln-Xy-Im-c≥.
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lecjXkgä~j aìùl hgvjgíejCùhbqèv~äfw mqbªeÎve mukjfTgk
sslZcmen
- 80 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
inh-Zmkv h¿Ω
a-e-bm¨a-bpsS `mh-cm-K-߃
tIc-f-Øns‚ X\-Xmb kwKoX ]mc-º-cy-
Øns‚ \mƒh-gn-IƒtXSn kwKoX imkv{X-hn-im-
c-Z¿ Ime-ß-fmbn XpS¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ NqtS-
dnb kwhm-Z-߃°v Hcp ]n≥Ip-dn-∏√ ChnsS
Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xv.
A\m-Zn-Imew apX¬ ae-bmf a\- p-I-fn¬
\n∂v DXn¿∂p-ho-Wp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ {]m¿∞-\m-
`mhw \nd™ \njvIm-a- -‡n-bpsS cmK-—m-b-I-sf-
°p-dn®v, \n¿h-N-\m-Xo-X-amb B hm-ßvab kwKo-
X-tØ-°p-dn-®v, B tZ-h-KoXw {ihn®v Xncp-\-S°v
ap≥]n¬ A¿≤-\n-an-en-X-cmbn \n¬°p∂ `‡-a-
\- p-I-fn¬ B cmK-߃ DW¿Øp∂ Ahm-Ny-
amb A\p -`q -Xn -bpsS am[p -cy -sØ-°p -dn®v
Hs°bp≈ Nn¥-Iƒ hmb-\-°m-cp-ambn ]¶p-h-
bv°pI am{X-amWv ChnsS Dt±-in-°p-∂-Xv.
sIm´n-]m-Sn-tkh
]c-am-flmhpw Pohm-flmhpw XΩn¬ kwh-
Zn-°p-∂-Xn\v am{X-ambn \ΩpsS ]q¿Δ-kq-cn-Iƒ
a\- n¬ kq£n-®n-cp∂ Hcp]nSn kwKoX [mc-
Iƒ C∂pw CS-ap-dn-bmsX Aßn-ßm-sb-¶nepw
]mSn-h-cp-∂p-≠v.
hmsam-gn-bmbpw hc-sam-gn-bmbpw Xe-ap-d-I-
fn¬ \n∂pw Xe-ap-d-I-fn-te°v ssIam-dn-h∂ Hcp
{]m¿∞\m kwKo-X-]-≤-Xn-bm-bn-cp∂p sIm´n-]m-
Sn-tk-h. Id-I-f™ \njvIma `‡n-`m-h-Øm¬
kº-∂-am-bn-cp∂p Cu kwKo-X-k-cWn. Cu Km\-
[m-c-bpsS LS-\tbm cmK-e-£-W-ßtfm kwKo-
X-km-lnXy {KŸ-ß-fpsS CuSp-h-bv]p-I-fn¬
ImWp-I-bn-√. AXp-sIm≠v IqSn-bmhmw CØ-c-
Øn-ep≈ {KŸ-kw-ln-X-I-fpsS ta¬ AS-bn-cp∂v
kwKoX Ncn-{X-߃ hncn-bn-°p∂ Kth-j-W-]-
Sp-°ƒ tIc-fob kwKoXw F∂v tIƒ°p-tºmƒ
Xs∂ s\‰n Npfn-°p-∂-Xv.
thZ-kw-Ko-X-Øns‚ ]n≥XpS¿®tbm F∂v
tXm∂p-amdv AXo-{μn-b-`mh Xo{h-X-tbmsS tZho-
tZ-h-∑m-cpsS ]mZ-]-fl-ß-fn¬, CS-°-bp-tSbpw
tNßn-e-bp-tSbpw AI-º-Sn-tbmsS ka¿∏n-°-s∏-
Sp∂ sIm´n-]mSn tkh tkm]m\ Kmb-Is‚ Bfl-
\n-th-Z-\-am-Wv.
ChnsS Na¬°mc wKn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb kmln-
Xy-Øns‚ B¿`m-Stam Musical Notations D]-tbm-
Kn®v k∂n-th-in-∏n® kwKoX ]≤-Xntbm ImWm-
\m-hn-√.
as‰m-c¿∞-Øn¬ ]d-™m¬ PK∂nb-¥m-
hmb ]c-am-flm-hn-t\mSv kwh-Zn-°p∂ Kmb-Is‚
Rc-fØv cma-s∏m-Xp-hmƒ
- 81 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
Cu sIm´n-]m-S-en\v {ioe-I-Øns‚ Xncp-\-Sbv°p
ap∂n¬ ssIIq∏n \n¬°p∂ `‡-P-\-߃ aqI-
km-£n-Iƒ am{X-am-Wv. Hcn°epw t{imXm-°-f-√.
ka-b-_-≤n-X-ambn Xß-fpsS ]q¿Δ-kq-cn-
Iƒ ]mSn-]-Xn-∏n® Cu XymWn-Iƒ AYhm Km\-
i-I-e-߃ t]cn\v am{Xw Nne-\m-a-ß-fm¬ Adn-
b-s∏-´p. Ah-bn¬ Nne-Xs{X ]mSn, s]md-\o-c,
L-≠mcw XpS-ßnb tkm]m\ cmK-߃.
]n∂o-sS-t∏mtgm sIm´n-]m-Sn-tkh F∂
Cu A\p-jvTm-\-Øn\v tkm]m-\-Øn-¶ep≈
]ms´∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ tkm]m\ kwKoXw F∂
\mam-¥cw kw`-hn-®p.
tkm]m\ kwKo-X-Øn¬ `‡n-`m-h-Øn\v
am{Xw {]mapJyw \¬In-s°m-≠mWv s]md-\n-cbpw
L≠m-chpw F√mw Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p-h-∂-Xv.
s]md-\n-c-bpsS mh-ku-μcyw lrZ-b-Øn¬
Nmen®v `K-h-Xv]m-Zm-c-hn-μ-ß-fn¬ kwKo-Xm¿®\
sNøpI F∂Xv \njvIm-a- -‡n-bpsS aq¿Øn-a-¤m-
h-am-bn-cp∂ Rc-fØv cma-s]m-Xp-hm-fns‚ coXn-
bm-bn-cp-∂p.
Cc-bn-Ω≥ Xºn-bpsS {iocm-K-Øn-ep≈
`‡n ck-{]-[m-\-amb Icp-W-sN-bvhm≥ F¥p-Xm-
a-kw.............. F∂ ]Zw ]mSp-tºmƒ Xs‚ CjvS-
tZ-h-\mb {ioKp-cp-hm-bq-c-∏s\ Nc-Wm-¥-Ønepw
]√-hn-bpsS Bh¿-Ø-\-Ønepw CS-°nsS Dds°
hnfn-®p-sIm≠v Rc-f≥ ]mSp-I-bm-Wv. AXm
s]s´∂v {iocm-K-Øn¬ \ns∂mcp sX∂n-am-‰w.
""ZmXm-hm-In-b-temtI........ F∂ NcWw s]mXp-
hmƒ `K-hm\v ap∂n¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°pI s]md-\n-
c-bn-em-Wv.
tkm]m\ kwKoXw ]mSp∂ CS-sa√mw
t£{Xw Xs∂ F∂v D≈n¬ Dd®p hniz-kn-®n-
cp∂ B Ah-[qX Kmb-I≥ 1989- ¬ alm-flm-{KŸ
ime-bpsS Hcp ]cn-]m-Sn-°mbn Xr∏q-Wn-Øp-d-bn¬
FØn-b-t∏mƒ Xs‚ amdm-∏nse CS-°-bpsS h´-
hpw, Poht°m-epw, s]mSn-∏p-Ifpw Iq´n tN¿Øv
Cc-bn-Ω≥ Xºn-bpsS Cu ]Zw ]mSn-b-t∏mgpw
t{imXm-°-fpsS a\- n¬ Ahm-Ny-amb A\p-`q-Xn-
bmbn B s]md-\nc s]bvXn-d-ßn.
k¶-c-kw-KoXw (fusion music) F∂ ""`bm-
\I kwKoXw'' X\n-a-bpsS am[pcyw Dudp∂
At\Iw tKm{X kwKoX [mc-Isf hnI-e-am-°n-
s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.
Ct∏mƒ FhnsSbpw hb-en-\pw, arZw-K-hpw,
a±-fhpw F¥n\v X_-ebpw IqSn Dƒs∏-SpØn dnYw
t_m¿Un¬ \n∂p-b-cp∂ ""CS-bv°''-bpsS \mZhpw
Iq´n tN¿Øv Ah-X-cn -∏n -°p∂ ""tkm]m\
kwKoX kmbm-”''-ß-fpsS Ime-amWv.
Cu {`m¥-amb kwKoX {]Xn-`m-k-߃°n-
S-bn¬ cPX tcJ-t]mse ]ø-∂q¿ IrjvW-aWn
amcm-cpw, P\m¿≤-\≥ s\Sp-ßm-Snbpw Ch-sc-
t∏mse tkm]m-\-Øns‚ Bflmhv sXm´-dn-bm≥
Ign-bp∂ GXm\pw Nne Kmb-Icpw Cu tZh-kw-
Ko-X-Øns‚ \ne-\n¬]n\pw {]N-c-W-Øn-\p-ambn
{]h¿Øn-®p-h-cp-∂p.
Rc-f-Øns‚ aI-\mb lcn-tKm-hn-μ-\pw,
tNm‰m-\n-°c kp`mjv \mcm-bW amcmcpw, Aº-
e-∏pg hnP-b-Ip-amdpw, ssh°w t£{X Iem-]o-T-
Ønse tkm]m\ If-cn-bn¬ \n∂pw ]Tn®p ]pd-
Øn-d-ßnb t__n-am-cm-cpw, Imhn¬ DÆn-Ir-
jvW\pw AS-ßp∂ bph-X-e-ap-dbpw Cu A\p-
jvTm\ kwKo-X-Øns‚ h‡m-°-fmbn cwK-Øp≠v
F∂Xpw Bim-ky-am-Wv.
tkm]m\ cmK-߃ IY-Ifn kwKo-X-Øn¬
IY-Ifn kwKo-X-Øn¬ ae-bm-f-Øns‚ mh-
cm-K-߃ k∂n-th-in-∏n-®-Xv, _meyw apXte ""Ifw-
-]m- ns‚'' qan-I-bn¬ BIr-jvS-\mbn ]n∂oSv \ºo-
is‚ {]nb-in-jy-\mbn amdnb Iem-a-WvUew DÆn-
IrjvW Ipdp-∏m-Wv.
sNssº-bpsS injy-\m-bn-cp-∂n-´p-t]mepw
Xs‚ kwKo-XØn¬ P∑m¿Pn-X-amb tKm{X-kw-
- 82 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
KoXw hnf-°n-t®¿Øv Rc-fØv cma-s]m-Xp-hm-
fns‚ Xt‚Sw Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p, IY-Ifn kwKo-
X-Øns‚ ]cn-jvI¿Ømhv F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ \ºo-
is‚ Acpa injy-\m-bn´pw Xs‚ Ipe-sXm-gn-em-
bn-cp∂ Ifw-]m- ns‚ ss\¿a√yhpw kv\nKv≤-Xbpw
Kpcp-ap-J-Øp-\n∂pw Xm≥ ]Tn® ]Z-ß-fpsS Bem-
]-\-Øn¬ \ne-\n¿Øm≥ Ipdp-∏ns\ {]m]vX-\m-
°n-b-Xv.
]c-º-cm-KX hgn-bn¬ \n∂pw thdn´ Hcp
irwKm-c-`mhw ""]mSn'' ]Z-ß-fn¬ Ipdp∏v kZm- k-
∂n-th-in-∏n-®n-cp-∂p. IY-Ifn kwKoX Ncn-{X-
Øn¬ Xs∂ IoN-I-h-[-Ønse irwKmc]Z-amb
""amen-\n''. DÆn-IrjvW Ipdp-∏ns\t]mse ]mSn-
-en-∏n-®-h¿ Ipdp-∏m-im\v ap≥t]m ]n≥t]m D≠m-
bn-´n√ F∂Xv ]c-am¿∞w Xs∂-bm-Wv.
Xmf-\n-_-‘-amb ae-bm-fn-bpsS sIm´p-I-t®-
cn-Iƒ
kwKo-X-Øn\v Xmfw AI-º-Sn-bm-°n-bmWv
temI-sØ-hn-tS-bpw, ]m›m-Xy-am-Is´ ]uc-kvXy-
am-I-s´, It®-cn-Iƒ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-I.
F∂m¬ tIc-f-Øn\v am{Xw kz¥-amb taf-
߃ F∂ sIm´p-I-t®-cn-Isf ]cm-a¿in-°msX
t]mbm¬ ae-bm-f -Øns‚ kwKoX Ncn{Xw
A]q¿Æ-am-bn-cn-°pw.
aqt∂m ]c-am-h[n aq∂-ctbm aWn-°q-dm-bn-
cn°pw I¿Wm-SI kwKoX It®-cn-bp-sStbm lnμp-
ÿm\n kwKoX It®-cn-I-fp-sStbm ssZ¿Lyw.
F∂m¬ \mec aWn-°q-tdmfw \o≠p-\n¬°p∂
Xmf-hm-Zy-ß-fmb sN≠-Iƒ ap≥\n-c-°m-cmbn
\ΩpsS ]q¿Δo-I¿ cq]-I¬∏\ sNbvX ""taf-߃''
temI-kw-KoX thZn-I-fn¬ Xs∂ \mZ-hn-kvab
apW¿Øp∂ ""Xmf-tKm-]p-c-߃'' Bbn Xe-bp-
b¿Øn \n¬°p-∂p.
he-¥-e-bpsS ASn-ÿm\ Xmf-Øn¬ Du∂n
CSw-¥-e-bn¬ \n∂p {]h-ln-°p∂ NSp-e-ß-fmb
Xmf-s]-cp-°-ßsf XΩn¬ Iq´n-bn-W-°p-∂-Xm-Is´
ap∏-tXmfw hcp∂ Ce-Øm-f-߃ F∂ L\-hm-
Zyhpw.
Ce-Øm-f-ß-fpsS hiy-a-[p-c-amb ’¶m-c-
\mZ [mc-bn¬ tIm¿Ø Cu Xmf-kw-Ko-X-Øn\v
{ipXn-bm-hpI am{X-am-Wv kpjn-c-hm-Zy-ß-fmb Ipdpw
Ipgepw sImºpw sNøp-∂-Xv. Ch-bpsS cwK-{]-th-
i-am-Is´ h¥-ebpw CS-¥-ebpw Ce-Øm-fhpw
tN¿∂v Ime-an´p tafw XpSßn Gsd Ign-™n´pw
BWv.
ChnsS ]d™ sshhn-≤y-am¿∂ kwKoX
kc-Wn-Iƒ Bkz-Zn-°m≥ tIhew imkv{X-{K-Ÿ-
߃ ASn-ÿm-\-am°n kwKoX hnim-c-Z¿ tcJ-
s∏-Sp-Øn-h® kmt¶-Xn-I-⁄m\w am{Xw t]mcm.
ae-bmf aÆn¬ A\m-Zn-bmbn \ne-\n-∂p-t]m-
cp∂ tKm{X-kw-Ko-XsØ sXm´-dn-b-Ww.
i_vZ-tØ-°mƒ \ni:_vZam-{X-Iƒ°v Gsd
{]m[m-\y-ap≈ ae-bm¨a-bpsS Xmf-kw-kv°mcw
lrZ-b-Øn-em-hm-ln-°-Ww.
CXp c≠pw km[y-am-bm¬ \ap°v \ΩpsS
kzXzw hos≠-Sp-°mw. AXn-eqsS \n»-_vZ-am-{X-
Iƒ°v Gsd {]mapJyw D≈ ac -∏m -Wn,
Xnane]mWn XpS-ßnb A\p-jvTm\ hmZy-hr-μ-
߃ Bkz-Zn-°mw.
inh-Zmkv h¿Ω: ssSwkv Hm^v C¥y teJ-I≥, kan-Xn-bpsS kPoh
{]h¿-ØI≥
- 83 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
]fl-`q-j¨ Sn.-F≥. IrjvW≥
""Ka-I-h-iyX''bm¿∂ IrjvW kwKo-X-Øns‚Fgp-]-Ø©v h¿j-߃
Acn-b-°pSn cmam-\pP Aø-¶m-cn¬ XpS-ßn,
sNssº sshZy-\mY `mK-h-X¿, a[pssc aWn
Aø¿, Pn.-F≥.-_n., Fw.-Un.-B¿., XpSßn tbip-
Zmkv hsc-bp≈ hnhn[ Xe-ap-d-I-fn¬s∏´ Kmb-
I-cpsS It®-cn-I-fn¬ Xs‚ hb-en≥ X{¥n-I-fn¬
\n∂p-Xn-cp∂ kz¿§ob kwKo-X-Øm¬ \nd-™p-
\n¬°p∂p ]fl-`q-j≥ Sn.-F≥. IrjvWs‚ kam-
\-X-I-fn-√mØ kwKoX {]]-©w.
aI-c-tPym-Xn-°p-th≠n Sn.-F≥. Xs‚ Dd-h-
h-‰mØ kwKoX kvac-W-Iƒ ]¶p-h-bv°p-∂p. 75
h¿jw XnI-bp∂ Xs‚ kwKo-X-k-]-cy-bpsS kvac-
W-Iƒ.
""Ggp-h-b- n¬ XpS-ßn-b-XmWv ]m›m--Xy-
sa-¶n-epw ]uckvXy kwKo-X-[m-c-bn¬ kzbw ebn-
®p-tN¿∂ hb-en\pambp≈ Fs‚ Nßm-Øw.''
Hcp cmK-hn-kvXm-c-Øns‚ kpJ-tØmsS At±lw
XpS-ßn.
\s∂ sNdp-∏-Øn¬ Xs∂ Xs‚ Xd-hm-Smb
]qWn-Øp-d-bnse "`mK-h-X¿ aT-Øn¬', \nXy-k-
μ¿i-I-cm-bn-cp∂ {]ikvX kwKo-X-PvR-cp-am-bp≈
\nc-¥c kam-K-a-Øn\v `mKy-ap-≠m-bn. AØ-c-
Øn¬ Nne-h-gn® Hmtcm \nan-jhpw Fs‚ kwKoX
k]-cy-bn¬ hne-a-Xn-°m-\m-ImØ A\p-`h ]mT-
ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p.
A∏m-Zpssc mK-h-X¿, sNssº, tZi-aw-Kew
kp{_-“Wy imkv{Xn-Iƒ, hoWhnZzm≥, FÆ-
∏Sw sh¶n-S-c-aW imkv{Xn-Iƒ XpSßn \nc-h[n
kwKo-X-⁄-cn¬ \n∂pw CØ-c-Øn¬ A`ymkw
km[y-am-bn.
hn´p-ho-gvN-bn-√m-ØXpw aWn-°q-dp-Iƒ \o≠p-
\n¬°p-∂-Xp-amb \nXy-km-[-I-Øn-eq-sS-bmWv
IrjvW≥ hnkva-b-I-c-amw-hn[w hb-en-\n¬ `mh-
cm-K-߃ hncn-bn-®-Xv. \nXyhpw cmhnse 4 aWn°v
XpS-ßp∂ km[Iw aWn-°q-dp-I-tfmfw \ofpw.
kv°qfn¬ \n∂pw D®- -£-W-Øn-\p-h-cp∂ sNdnb
CS-th-f-I-fn¬t]mepw km[Iw sNøWsa-∂m-bn-
cp∂p A—s‚ I¿»\ \n¿t±-iw.
Nn´-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb km[-I-Øn-eqsS kzmb-am-
°nb kKoXw tIƒhn-⁄m-\-Øn-eqsS Du´n-bp-d-
∏n-°m≥ Gsd klm-bn-®Xv Xr∏q-Wn-Øp-d-bnse
{io]q¿Æ-{X-bo-is‚ ""hn›n-tIm-’h''ambn-cp-∂p.
]qWn-Øpd sIm´m-c-Øn\p kao-]-ap≈ mK-
h-X¿ aT-Øn¬ \n∂pw Hcp Iøn¬ sXfn™p
IØp∂ Nq´pw adp-I-øn¬ Xs‚ Ip™p-ssI-hn-c-
ep-Ifpw tN¿Øp ]nSn®v A—≥ {io]q¿Æ-{X-boi
A`n-apJw :˛ ]{Xm-[n-]-k-anXn
]fl- q-j≥ Sn.-F≥. Ir-jvW≥
- 84 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
t£{X-Ønse Du´p-]p-c-am-fn-I-bn-te°v a™p
s]øp∂ hr›nI cmhp-I-fn¬ \S-Ønb kwKoX
bm{X-Iƒ IrjvW\v Hcn°epw ad-°m-\m-In-√.
\nc-¥c km[-Ihpw tIƒhn-PvRm-\hpw
Cuiz-cm-[o-\hpw H∂n®-t∏mƒ IrjvW-\nse hb-
en≥ hmZ\ ssh`hw Iuam-c-Øn¬ Xs∂ Xfn-cn-
Sm≥ XpS-ßn.
Aßn-s\-bmWv hb-en≥ am{¥o-I-\m-bn-cp∂
ssakq¿ NuU-ø-bpsS ]I-c-°m-c-\m-bn, Iuamc
{]mb-°m-c-\mb IrjvW\v sNssº sshZy-\mY
`mK-h-X¿ Xriq-cn¬ \S-Ønb It®-cn-bn¬ ]°-
hm-Zy-ambn hb-en≥ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m≥ km[n-®-Xv.
Aßs\ km[-I-Øn-s‚bpw tIƒhn-⁄m-
\-Øn-s‚bpw IqsS {]K-¤-cmb kwKo-X-⁄-cpsS
IqsS ]°w-hm-bn®v t\Snb hne-a-Xn-°m-\m-ImØ
A\p-`-h-⁄m-\hpw tN¿∂-t∏mƒ kam-\-X-I-fn-
√mØ Hcp hb-en≥ hmZ-\-ssien cq]-s∏-Sp-Øn-
sb-Sp-°m\pw AXv kwKoX hnZq-jn-I-sf-s°m≠v
AwKo-I-cn-∏n-°m\pw IrjvW\v km[n-®p.
I¿Æm-SI kwKoX Ncn-{X-Ønse kph¿Æ-
Im-e-L- -sa∂v hnti-jn-∏n-°m-hp∂ Hcp Ime-L- -
Øn¬ A\nXc km[m-c-W-amb Bem-]\ ssien-
Iƒ ]n¥p-S¿∂ph∂ siΩm-¶pSn {io\n-hm-k-ø¿,
a[pssc aWn Aø¿, Pn.-F≥. _me-kp-{_-“Wyw
XpS-ßnb kwKo-Xm-Nm-cy≥am¿°v Gsd {]nb-s∏- -
Xm-bn-cp∂p IrjvWs‚ hb-en≥ hmZ-\ NmXp-cyw.
]c-º-cm-KX hgn-I-fn-eqsS am{Xw Xs‚
kwKoX ]m\v-Ymhv cq]-s∏-Sp-Ønb siΩm-¶pSn
kzman -s°m∏w hb-en≥ hmbn -°p∂
kpJw H∂pth-sd-X-s∂-bm-sW∂v IrjvW≥
Hm¿°p-∂p.
Pn.-F≥.-_n.-bpsS NSp-e-ß-fmb kzc-hn-\ym-
k-ß-fn¬ hb-en≥ X{¥n-\n-\mZw ebn-∏n®v hmbn-
°pI F∂Xv A\p-`q-Xn-Zm-b-I-amb Hcp A\p-`-h-
am-Wv. Hmtcm Io¿Ø-\-Øn\pw Pn.-F≥.-_n. Hmtcm
ssien-bn-ep≈ Bem-]\ coXn-bmWv Ah-ew-_n-
°p-∂-Xv. Pn.-F≥.-kn. bpsS ""Xma-X-a≥ kzman......''
F∂ Io¿Ø-\-Øns‚ Bem-]\ kuμcyw
as‰mcp Kmb-I\pw B Io¿Ø\w Be-]n -
°ptºmƒ In´p-I-bn-√.
aZpssc aWn Aø-cpsS "eb-`mhw' Ah¿Æ-
\o-b-amWv B eb-`w-Kn-bn¬ Dcp-Øn-cn™ ""F∏-
h-cp-hm-tcm......'' XpS-ßnb Io¿Ø-\-߃ Hcp
¢mknIv ]cn-th-j-tØmsS C∂pw Xe-ap-d-I-fn¬
\n∂pw Xe-ap-d-I-fn-tebv°v ssIam-‰-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn¬
AXn-ibw sX√p-an-√. IrjvW≥ ]d-bp-∂p.
kwKoX km{am´mbn-cp∂ Acn-b-IpSn cmam-
\p-P-ø-¶m-cpsS It®-cn°v ]°w hmbn-°m≥ A\-
h[n thZn-I-fn¬ IrjvW≥ H∂n®n-´p-≠v. AXp-
sIm-≠p-Iq-Sn-bmhmw Acn-b-Ip-Sn-bpsS A\p-]-a-amb
"iaI' {]tbm-K-߃ Xs‚ hb-en≥ X{¥n-I-fn¬
Bhm-ln-°m≥ IrjvW\v Ign-™p. XpS¿∂n-
tßm´v alm-cm-P-]pcw hniz-\m-Y-ø¿ XpS-ßnb
kwKoX {]Xn-` -I-fpam-bp -≠mb kl-hmkw
IrjvW-\nse AXpey {]Xn- sb X\-Xmb ssien-
t`-Z-Øn-tebv°v \bn-°m≥ km[n-®p.
I¿Æm-SI kwKo-X-Øns‚ Bflmhv sXm´-
dn™ Cu kwKoX al-Øp-°-fp-ambn Zo¿L-Im-
esØ Bfl-_-‘w-sIm≠v kv]pSw sNbvX-SpØ
IrjvWs‚ hb-en≥ \mZw Ign™ Fgp-]-Ø©v
h¿j-ß-fmbn `mc -Xob kwKo -X -k-` -Ifpw
sNssº-bpsS It®-cn-bn¬ ]me-°mSv aWn Aøcpw,Sn.-F≥. IrjvW\pw
- 85 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
IS∂v Ggp-I-S-ep-Iƒ°-∏pdw hsc ams‰m-en-sIm-
≈p-∂p.
F∂m¬ Ign™ H∂c-]-Xn-‰m-≠mbn Cu
hb-en≥ N{I-h¿Øn tkmtfm kwKo-X-k-Z- p-Iƒ
am{Xsa sNøp-∂p-≈q. Kpcp-ap-J-Øp-\n∂pw e`n®
ip≤kwKo-X-tØm-Sp≈ {]Xn--]Øn Xs∂-bmWv
Ct∏m-gsØ kwKo-X-⁄¿°v ]°w hmbn-°p-∂-
Xn¬ \n∂pw Fs‚ kwKoX a\- ns\ ]n≥Xn-cn-
∏n-°p-∂-Xv.
ip≤-kw-Ko-X-Øns‚ Bflm-hns\ kzmwio-
I-cn®v It®cn \S-Øn-b-h-cm-bn-cp∂p Ign™ Xe-
ap-d-bnse kwKoX {]Xn-`-Iƒ. Kpcp-`-‡nbpw X\-
Xmb ssien ip≤-Xbpw B {]Xn-`-I-fpsS kZ-
p-Isf Hc\p-`-h-am°n am‰n-.
C∂v "Kpcp- ‡n' F∂Xv Hcp {]I-S-\-ambn
amdn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ahn-Sp∂pw Chn-Sp∂pw IS-sa-SpØv
"A\p-I-cW ssien-I-fn-eqsS kz¥w kwKoX
hy‡n-Xzw-t]mepw ASn-bdh-®p-sIm≠v ]e kwKo-
X-⁄cpw Db-cm≥ {ian-°p-tºmƒ AXn\v ]°w
hmbn-®m¬ ip≤-kw-Ko-XsØ Poh-hm-bp-hm-bn-°≠
Fs‚ Kpcp-]-c-ºc kln°n-√. ""KaI'' hiy-X-tb-
dnb B hm-Z-\-ssien {ihn-°p-tºmƒ Hmtcm
kwKoX t{]an-bp-sSbpw A¥-cwKw sImXn-®p-
t]mIpw Cu am{¥oI \mZ-[mc F°m-ehpw CS-ap-
dn-bmsX Xß-fpsS a\- n¬ Ipfn¿ ag-bmbn
s]bvXn-d-ßp∂ km¥z\ kwKo-X-am-Is´ F∂v.
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kzmanicWw
A`njvS kn≤n-bv°mbn Ien-bp-K-h-c-Z-\mb K-hm≥
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc {io [¿Ω-im-kvXm-hn\v
hnti-jm¬ hgn-]m-Sv, DZ-bm-kvX-a\]qP
hgn-]mSv \S-Øp-hm≥ Xmev]-cy-ap≈ ‡-P-\-߃
kan-Xn-bp-amtbm ta¬im-¥n-bp-amtbm _‘-s∏-Sp-I.
- 86 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
tUm. _n. ]pjv] IrjvW≥
kIehm°pIƒ°pw As√¶n¬ hmIvab
Øn\v, B[mcamb kwKoXw Hcp \mZ mjbmWv.
{]]©w apgph\pw \mZmflIamWv. \mtZm]mk\
F∂Xv tam£{]m]vXn°p≈ D]m[nbmWv F∂
kXyw a\ nem°nb ]e kwKoX ⁄m\nIfpw
AhchcpsS Io¿Ø\ßfn¬ IqSn ]camflm
hns\ \mZcq]nbmbn A\pk‘m\w sNøp∂
Imcyw ]cma¿in®n´p≠v. kwKoXsØ°pdn®v
thZßfnepw D]\njØpIfnepw a‰pw
hnhcn®n´ps≠¶nepw {]mtbmKnI XeØn¬
a\pjys‚ kmwkv°mcnI PohnXhpambn
_‘s∏´mWv, kwKoXØns‚ ]cnWmaw
As√¶n¬ hnIk\w D≠mbn´p≈Xv. hnhn[
IeIƒ F√mw Xs∂ a\pjykwkv°mcsØ
sI´n∏Sp°m≥ klmbn°p∂ D]m[nIfmWv.
Ahbn¬ G‰hpw t{ijvThpw, Znhyhpw, kuJy
hpambXv kwKoXamWv.
kzckaqlßfpsS klmbtØmsS
Bib {]IS\w \SØp∂ Cu \mZ `mjbv°v
Hcp hy‡nbpsS ]e hnImcßtfbpw ˛`‡n,
tIm]w, irwKmcw, kt¥mjw, im¥X, k¶Sw
XpSßnbh {]ISam°phm\pw Ignbpw. Hcp
hy‡nbpsS a\ ns‚ GIm{KXbv°v
A\pKpWambn tN¿∂v hnhn[ mh߃°v cq]w
\¬Iphm\pw km[n°p∂p. kwKoXØns‚
ÿmbnbmb cq]w i_vZamWv. i_vZØns‚
\m\mXzØn¬ DcpØncnbp∂XmWv kwKoXw.
{]IrXnbnse Hmtcm Ne\Ønepw kwKoXw D≠v.
`qan Nen°p∂p, Im‰p hoip∂p, CeIƒ
Nen°p∂p, Cßs\ FhnsS t\m°nbmepw Hcp
XmfØneqsSbmWv \oßp∂Xv. a\pjyicoc
Ønse \mUnIƒ XpSn°p∂Xv, lrZbw
XpSn°p∂Xv Cßs\ F√mw ]co£n®m¬ Hcp
AfhneqsSbmWv. Afhv sX‰ptºmgmWv
{]bmkw D≠mIp∂Xv. GXn\pw Afhv, Xn´w,
Hcp Nn´ thWw.
tbmKimkv{X {]Imcw a\pjys‚
icocØn¬ hnhn[ N{I߃ D≠v. Ahsb
DW¿Øphm≥ \mtZm]mk\bn¬ IqSn
A\mbmtk\ km[yamWv. Fßs\bmbmepw
i_vZßtfmfw ]g°ap≈ k]vXkzcßfmWv
kwKoXØn\v B[mcw. Chsb {IaoIcWw
sNbvXv ip≤hpw \√ abhpw tN¿∂v
kwKoXØn\v DXIp∂ BtcmKyhpw kuJy
hpap≈ \mZambn cq]s∏SpØnbm¬ kwKoXw
\√Xpt]mse ]mSn {]ISn∏n°m≥ Ignbp∂p;
D]mk\bneqsS.
imcocnIhpw, am\knIhpamb BtcmKy
Øn\pth≠n BZnXy `Khms\ D]mkn°p∂Xp
t]mse PohnXØnse t¢ihpw {]bmkhpw
amdm≥ \mtZm]mk\bv°v As√¶n¬ kwKoX
Bcm[\bv°v km[n°pw. Bflmhns\
Adnbm\pw B\μw A\p`hn°m\pw km[n°pw.
Hcp hy‡n Ah\nep≈ ]e hn[Øn
ep≈ hnjb Nn¥Isf√mw ad°pItbm, am‰n
shbv°pItbm sNbvXm¬ am{Xta [\y\mhp
Itbm, e£yØnseØpItbm sNøm≥ km[n°q
(kwKoXØn¬ IqSn km[n°pw).
icocØn\v hymbmaw Bhiysa∂Xp
t]mse Xs∂ a\ n\pw AXv BhiyamWv.
kwKoXw tI´psImt≠m, ]‰psa¶n¬ ]mSn
sImt≠m, aqfns°mt≠m tPmenbn¬ hym]rX
cmbm¬ apjnhp tXm∂msX Imcy߃ s]s´∂v
\oßpw. \mtSmSn Km\߃ ]eXpw Aßs\
cq]s∏´XmWv. hnØpIƒ hnXbv°ptºmƒ,
]mSØv sImøptºmƒ, sh≈w tImcptºmƒ,
h≠n hen°ptºmƒ, Rmdv \Sptºmƒ ˛ Cßs\
]e tPmenIƒ°nSbnepw Ah¿ AdnbmsX
]mSnbncp∂p. Nnet∏mƒ Znhk tPmen°n
Sbntem tPmenIƒ Xo¿Øtijtam P\߃
kwLw tN¿∂v ]mSn kt¥mjn°p ambncp∂p
]≠v. Aßs\ AhcpsS Zn\Ncy bn¬ kwKoXw
IqSn Dƒs∏SpØn Pohn°p∂ h¿°v Hcp
]cn[nhsc kv{S v C√msX BtcmKyhpw
kwKoXhpw BtcmKyhpw
- 87 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
\ne\n¿Øphm≥ km[n°p ambncp∂p.
sNSnIfpw acßfpw t]mepw kwKoXw
tI´m¬ \√ Imbv^e߃ Xcp∂p F∂Xpw Hcp
kXyamWv. AXpt]mse ]£narKmZnIfpw
k¿∏hpsa√mw kwKoXckw˛Km\ckØn
\[o\cmWv F∂p≈Xv hfsc ]gatbdnb t«mIw
sXfnbn°p∂p.
iniq¿ thØn ]iq¿ thØn
thØn Km\ckw ^Wn:
kwKoXØn\v Huj[ KpWaps≠
∂dn™ hntZinIsf√mw AhchcpsS
cmPyßfnse Bip]{XnIfnepw a‰p
ÿm]\ßfnepw kwKoXw Hcp D]m[nbmbn
{]tbmKn®p XpSßnbn´ v F{Xsb{Xtbm
Imeambn. ]t£ AXns‚ aqeImcWw \ΩpsS
`mcØnse thZßfnepw a‰pw ]≠p ]t≠
]cma¿in®n´ps≠¶nepw AXns‚ BtcmKyhiw
Nn¥n°m≥ hfsc ]Xps°bmWv \ΩpsS
BfpIƒ XpSßnbncn°p∂Xv F∂Xv Hcp Zp:J
kXyamWv.
a\pjyicocØnep≈ \mUnIƒ,
RcºpIƒ,c‡[a\nIƒ, lrZbanSn∏pIƒ
apXembhsb√mw Hcp t]mse \nb{¥n°phm≥
kwKoX BkzmZ\w G‰hpw \√XmWv.
a\ am[m\amWt√m Gh¿°pw
Bhiyamb Hcp LSIw. AXv kwKoXØn¬
IqSn e`n°pw F∂Xv Xo¿®bmWv. a\ ns‚
BtcmKyØn\p th≠n a\\w sNøp∂Xv
DØaamWv. AtXmsSm∏w AXn¬ Aev]w
kwKoXw IqSnbmbm¬ Xo¿®bmbpw a\\w
sNøp∂ hy‡nbv°v kt¥mjhpw kam[m\hpw
Ah\dnbmsX e`n°pw. F∂pw Ipd®p kabw
A\ph¿Øn®m¬ Dt∑jtØmsS DtØP\
tØmsS Pohn°m≥ km[n°pw. X∑qew \√Xv
Nn¥n°phm\pw, {]h¿Øn°phm\pw tXm∂pw.
[ym\w sNbvXv a\ ns\ \nb{¥n°m≥
]mIs∏SpØm≥ {ian°p∂Xp t]mse kwKoXw
sIm≠v Ffp∏Øn¬, thKØn¬ a\ ns\ ]nSn®v
\n¿Øm≥ km[n°p∂tXmsSm∏w, BtcmKyw
kwc£n°phm\pw ]‰pw. NnIn’m k{ºZmb
Ønse√mw, {]tXyIn®v am\knItcmK߃°v,
Hcp D]m[nbmbn kwKoXw D]tbmKn°s∏Sp∂p.
XßfpsS Zp:JsØ ad°p∂p.
Ct∏mgsØ Xnc°n´ PohnXNcybn¬
Xo¿®bmbpw kwKoXw BhiyamWv. Ahc
hcpsS C—bv°\pkcn®v Km\߃ {ihn°p
Itbm, Be]n°pItbm sNbvXm¬ a\ n\p
kpJhpw im¥nbpw e`n°p∂Xp aqew
icocØn\v KpWhpw kuJyhpap≠mIpw.
BtcmKy kºØn\pw \∂v. Aßs\ kwKoXw,
BkzZn°phm≥ DXIp∂ Hcp hnjbhpw,
BtcmKy kwc£WØn\v Hcp Huj[hpamWv.
hnjbNn¥Iƒ°XoXamb `KhXv
Nn¥bneqsS am{Xw BflkpJhpw kt¥mjhpw
t\Sm≥ Ffp∏amb am¿§w kwKoX D]m
k\bmsW∂pw P\߃ AXv a\ nem°n
{]mh¿ØnIam°Wsa∂pw At\Iw ap\nhcy
∑mcpw, kwKoX{KŸImc∑mcpw kwKoX⁄m
\nIfpw a‰pw A`n{]mbs∏´n´p≈Xn¬ bmsXmcp
A¤pXhpan√. \√ kwKoXw D≈ ÿeØv
kv{S n\v CSan√. Aßs\ KpWhpw kuJyhpw
BtcmKyhpap≈ icochpw imcochpw D≈h¿°v
kt¥mjtØmSpw BtcmKytØmSpw IqSn
Pohn°m≥ km[n°pw F∂Xn¬ bmsXmcp
kwibhpw C√. kwKoXw D≈ ÿeØv
BtcmKyhpw D≠mIpw.
tUm. _n. ]pjv]m IrjvW≥ : {]ikvX kwKo-X⁄, tIcf k¿Δ-I-em-ime
kwKoX hn`mKw ta[m-hn.
- 88 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
{io. A\n¬
kwKoX-]-cn-]m-Sn-bn¬i_vZ-kw-hn-[m-\-Øn-\p≈ {]m[m\yw
A-\p-Zn\w hf¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Cu
temI-Øn¬ as‰√m taJ-e-bn-se-∂-t]mse i_vZ-
kw-hn-[m-\hpw hf¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Hcp thZn-
bn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂ F¥p ]cn-]m-Sn-bm-bmepw
AXn\v C∂v ku≠v knÃw IqSntb Xocp.
tÃPn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂ kwKo-XsØ F{Xbpw
hy‡-am-bn- pw, kv pS-am-bn´pw ImXn\v Cº-am¿∂
coXn-bn¬ t{imXm-°sf tIƒ∏n-°p-I-bm-Wv
\s√mcp ku≠v knÃw hgn Hcp ku≠v F©n-
\o-b¿ sNtø-≠-Xv. AXn\v ]°-ta-f-°m-cp-sS, Kmb-
I-cp-sS, t{imXm-°-fpsS k¿tΔm-]cn kwLm-S-I-
cpsS ]n¥pW B ku≠v sNøp∂ Bfn\v D≠m-
bn-cn-°-Ww. Hcp ku≠v F©n-\o-b¿°v Bhiyw
th≠Xv kwKoX ⁄m\hpw hmtZym-]-I-c-W-ß-
fn¬ \n∂pw hcp∂ i_vZ-ßsf Xncn-®-dn-bm-\p≈
Ignhpw {ipXn-I-fpsS G‰-˛-Xm-gvN-Ifpw BWv.
CsXm-∂p-an-√msX ku≠v sNøp∂ hncp-X-∑m-cpw
Cu cwKØv [mcmfw D≠v F∂Xv k¶-S-I-c-amb
hkvXpX Xs∂-bm-Wv. tÃPn-en-cn-°p∂ kwKo-X-
I-cpsS IqsS A©v ssZh-߃ Ds≠-∂m-Wv
k¶¬∏w. AXn¬ H∂maXv PK-Xo-iz-c≥ Xs∂-
bm-Wv. c≠m-a-tØXv t{imXm-°ƒ, aq∂m-a-tØXv
]°-ta-f-°m¿, \mem-a-tØXv Ah¿ \n¬°p∂
`qan (tÃ-Pv), A©m-a-tØXv ssa°v knÃw.
C{Xbpw {]m[m-\y-ap≈ CXns\ AXn-t‚-Xmb
]q¿Æ-amb khn-ti-j-X-tbm-Sp-IqSn sNøm≥ Hcp
ku≠v F≥Pn-\o-b¿°v D≠m-tI-≠-Xmb kml-
N-cy-߃ Ch-sbm-s°-bm-Wv. H∂ma-Xmbn \√
KpW-ta-∑-bp≈ ku≠v knÃw, hmtZym-]-I-c-W-
ß-fpsS Izmfn-‰n, ]cn-]mSn \S-Øp∂ ÿe-Øns‚
{]tXy-IX (A-Xm-bXv Ft°m C√mØ ÿew
F∂¿∞w). C{Xbpw Ds≠-¶n¬ ˛ Hcp ]cn[n
hsc i_vZ-kw-hn-[m-\sØ \∂mbn sNøm≥
km[n-°pw.
C\n Ipd®v s]mXp-Im-cy-߃ ]d-™p-sIm-
≈-s´. kwkm-c-Øn-\m-sW-¶n¬ ssa°v Hcn©v
AI-e-Øn¬ am{Xw ]nSn -°p -I. As√-¶n¬
ssa°n¬ \n∂v AIew IqSp-t¥mdpw i_vZhpw
Ipd-™p-h-cpw. C\n ]m´p-Im-c-\m-sW-¶n¬ i_vZ-
Øns‚ G‰-Xm-gvN-Iƒ°-\p-k-cn®v ssa°v ASp-
∏n®pw AI-Ønbpw ]nSn-°-Ww. CXn-s\-bmWv
ssa°v _me≥kv F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xv. \ΩpsS
\m´n¬ {]mkw-Kn -I -cpƒs∏sS ]ecpw
ssa°n¬\n∂pw 1 ASn F¶nepw Zqsc amdn-\n-
∂mWv kwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xv. CsXm-gn-hm-°p-∂Xv
\∂m-bn-cn-°pw. AXp-t]mse tÃPns‚ c≠ph-
iØpw kv]o°¿ hbv°p-tºmƒ GI-tZiw \Sp-
`m-K-Øm-bn-Xs∂ ku≠v sNøp∂ Bƒ Ccn-
°Ww CXv kmt¶-XnIamb Hcp XXz-amWv \n¿`m-
Ky-h-im¬ \ΩpsS \m´n¬. Acn-Intem As√-¶n¬
Hcp Hgn™ tImWntem Bbn-cn°pw ku≠v
sNøp∂ Bsf Ccp-Øp-∂Xv (C-cn-bv°p-∂-Xv).
- 89 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
Cßs\ Ccp-∂m¬ Abmƒ°v kwKo-XsØ
t{imXm-°ƒ tIƒ°p-∂-Xp-t]mse tI´v i_vZ-
Øns\ _me≥kv sNøm-\m-In√ F∂-Xp-X-s∂.
am{X-a√ t{]m{Km -an\v sImSp -°p∂ AtX
{]m[m\ywXs∂ ku≠v knÃ-Øn\pw sImSp-°-
Ww. ImcWw knÃw \∂m-bn-cp-∂m-se ]cn-]m-
Snsb ]q¿Æ hnP-b-Øn-se-Øn-°m≥ km[n-°p-I-
bp-≈q. CXn-s\-°p-dn®v Fgp-Xp-hm≥ [mcm-f-ap-≠v.
ÿe-]-cn-an-Xn-aqew ChnsS Npcp-°p-I-bm-Wv. Fs‚
Ffnb Adn-hn¬ tXm∂nb Imcyw {]nb `‡-cp-
ambn ]¶p-h-®p-sIm≠pw CXn¬ Fs¥-¶nepw
sXt‰m Ipdthm h∂p-t]m-bn-´p-s≠-¶n¬ kZbw
£an-°Ww F∂p-IqsS ]d-™p-sIm≠pw Cu
Ipdn∏v ChnsS Ah-km-\n-∏n-®p-sIm-≈-s´.
{io A\n¬ : Km\{]hoW, ku≠v F©n-\o-b¿
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{io ]q¿Æ-{X-bo-is‚ ]d Fgp∂≈n∏v
2012 s^{_p-hcn 16,-hymgw
tZi-\m-Y-\mb {io ]q¿Æ{X-bo-is\ Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc
t£{X-Øn-tebv°v \nd-]-d-tbm-Sp-IqSn hc-th¬°p-∂p.
`‡-P-\-߃°v ]d \nd-bv°p-hm-\p≈ kuIcyw kanXn
Hcp°p-∂-Xm-Wv.
- 90 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
tUm. ]fl Fkv. Xºp-cm≥
kwKo-Xm-`ym-k\w˛ C∂-se, C∂v
¸ÉÖÊiɨÉÉÇiÉÉ ±ÉªÉ:Ê{ÉiÉÉ F∂ B]vX-hmIyw mc-Xob
kwKo-X-Øns‚ apJ-ap-{Z-bm-Wv. `mh, cmK, Xmf-
ß-fpsS eb-amWv kwKo-X-Øns‚ Poh-\m-Un.
CXn¬ \n∂p-Xs∂ "`mc-Xob' kwKo-X-Øns‚
alXzw {]Xy-£-am-W-t√m. kma-Km-\-Øn¬ \n∂p-
¤-hn® mc-Xob kwKoXw 15- mw \q‰m-≠n-\p-tijw
lnμp-ÿm\n kwKoXw F∂pw I¿Æm-SI kwKo-
X-sa∂pw c≠p kc- p-I-fmbn th¿Xn-cn-™p. kzc
Ka-I-ß-fpsS {]tbm-K-co-Xn-bn-ep≈ hyXym-k-amWv
Cu c≠p imJ-I-tfbpw th¿Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
kwKo-Xm-`ym -k-sØ-∏‰n ]d-bp-tºmƒ,
G‰hpw {]Y-a-ÿm\w "km[-I-Øn-\m-Wv. "km≤y-
a-√m-ØXv km[n-s®-Sp-°pI' ˛ CXmWv km[Iw
F∂ hm°n-\¿∞w. 19-˛mw \q‰m-≠v, 20-˛mw \q‰m-
≠ns‚ XpS-°-Ønepw kwKoXw A`y-kn-®n-cp-∂Xv
Kpcp-Ip-e-Øn¬ \n∂p-am-{X-am-bn-cp-∂p. h¿j-ß-
tfmfw Kpcp-hn-t\m-sSm∏w hkn®v, Kpcp-hn-\p-th≠
ip{iq-j-Ifpw sNbvXp, Kpcp-hns‚ kuI-cy-Øn-\-
\p-k-cn®v kwKoXw A`y-kn-°pI ˛ CXmWv
A∂sØ coXn. C∂-sØ-t∏mse "ske£\v'
kzmX-¥y-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Kpcp-ap-J-Øn¬ \n∂p-
h-cp∂ kwKoXw am{Xta injy≥ {ihn-°p-∂p-
≈q. AXn-I-Tn-\-amb Zn\-N-cy-I-fm-bn-cp∂p injy\v
Ah-ew-_n-t°-≠n-bn-cp-∂-Xv. ]t£, AXn-s‚-
sb√mw ^ew injy\v PohnX km^eyw Xs∂.
BN{μ-Xmcw hnf-ßp∂ Xmc-ß-fmbn Cu injy-
sc√mw kwKoX temIØv Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. {io.
Acn-b-°pSn cmam-\pP Aø-¶m-cpsS {][m\ injy-
\m-bn-cp∂ {io. ]me-°mSv sI.-hn. \mcm-b-W-kzman
Kpcp-Ipe hnZym-`ym-k-Øn-eq-sS-bmWv kwKoX
km{am´v Bb-Xv. amk-ß-tfmfw Kpcp injys\
t\cn¬ Hcp IrXn-t]mepw ]Tn-∏n-°p-I- D≠m-bn-´n-
s√∂v At±-l-Øns‚ Poh-N-cn{Xw ]cn-tim-[n-
®m¬ a\- n-em-Ipw. F∂m¬ Kpcp-hn\v kz¥w It®-
cn-Iƒs°√mw injys‚ AI-º-Sn-bp-≠m-hpw.
kwKo-Xm- ym-k-\-Øn\v G‰hpw {][m\ LS-I-amWv
"tIƒhn-PvRm\w'. Cu Ime-L-´-Øn¬ Kpcp-ap-J-
Øn¬ \n∂v tIƒ°p-∂-X-√msX thsdmcp ssien
injy≥ {ihn-°p-I-bn-√.
C∂v, Kpcp-Ipe am¿§-Øn¬ kwKo-X-a-`y-kn-
°p-∂-h¿ hnc-f-am-Wv. ]t£, Cu coXn-bn¬ cq]w-
sIm≠ {]Xn-`-I-sf-sb√mw temIw AwKo-I-cn-®n-
´p-≠v, Bcm-[n-®n-´p-≠v.
C\n ÿm]-\-ß-fn-eq-sS-bp≈ A`y-k\
coXn ]cn-tim-[n°mw (institutionalised learning).km[m-c-W-bm-bn, cmhnse apX¬ sshIp-t∂cw
hsc Hmtcm aWn-°q¿ ssZ¿Ly-ap≈ ]T\ ka-
b-amWv \ne-hn-ep-≈-Xv. A≤ym-]-Icpw ]e ssien
Ah-ew-_n-°p-∂-h-cm-Imw. ]Tn-Xm-°ƒ°v, ]e-cp-
sSbpw kwKo-X-ssien tIƒ°m\pw Dƒs°m-≈m-
\p-ap≈ Ah-kcw e`n-°p-∂p. Kpcp-Ipe k{º-Zm-
b-Øn¬, injy-\p-th≠ kwKo-X-⁄m-\hpw Pohn-
Xm-\p-`-h-⁄m-\hpw Kpcp-hn¬ \n∂p-Xs∂ e`n-
bv°p-∂p. ]t£, ÿm]-\-ß-fn¬ tN¿∂p ]Tn-
bv°p-∂-h¿°v kwKo-XsØ Bg-Øn¬ a\- n-em-
°m≥, Bkz-Zn-°m≥, A\p-`-hn-°m≥ Ign-bp-
∂pt≠m F∂p kwi-b-am-Wv. C∂v PohnX am¿§-
Øn-\p-th≠n am{Xw kwKo-X-a-`y-kn-°p-∂-h-cm-W-
[n-I-hpw. AXn-\p-th-≠n, kwKo-X-Øn-t\mSv _‘-
ap-≈tXm A√m-ØtXm Bb ]e hnj-b-ßfpw
]Tn-t°-≠n-h-cp-∂p. AXp-sIm≠v Cu hnin-jvS-I-
esb Bg-Øn¬ Dƒs°m-≈m-\p≈ Ah-k-chpw
Ipd-bp-∂p.
ÿm]-\-ß-fn-eq-sS-bp≈ kwKo-Xm-`ym-k-\-
Øn\v \n¿∫-‘-ambpw Nne \n_-‘-\-Iƒ ]men-
- 91 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
t°-≠-Xm-Wv.
1. HcmgvN (25 aWn-°q¿)bn¬ Ipd-
™Xv 15 aWn-°q¿ kwKo-Xm-
`y-k-\-Øn\v (Practicals) am{X-
am-bn-cn-°-Ww.
2. BgvN-bn¬ Ht∂m ct≠m
aWn -°q¿ BUn -tbm -˛ -ho -
Untbm ¢m pIƒ \n¿∫-‘-
am-°-Ww. alm-∑m-cpsS It®-cn-
Iƒ tIƒ°m\pw AXn-eqsS
\qX-\ -amb Adn -hp -Iƒ
t\Sm\pw Ahsc k÷-am-°-
Ww.
3. amk-Øn¬ Hcp Xh-W-sb-¶nepw Hmtcm
hnZym¿∞nbpw Ahs‚ ]T-\-]p-tcm-KXn sXfn-
bn-°p∂ Hcp t{]m{Kmw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-Ww.
AXm-bXv {]mIvSn-°¬ Hmdn-b‚Uv Bbn-
´p≈ GXp Ie-Iƒ A`y-kn-°p-hm\pw {]mIvSn-
°¬ ¢mkn\v ap≥Xq°w sImSp-Øp-sIm-≠p≈
]mTy-]-≤-Xn-bmWv th≠-Xv.
C∂v, tIc-f-Øn¬ 3 ÿm]-\-ß-fmWv
kwKoX tImtf-Pp-I-fmbn Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Xncp-
hn -Xmw -Iq¿ cmP-hw -i -Øns‚
kw`m-h-\-bmbn {io kzmXn-Xn-cp-
\mƒ tImtfPv Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cw,
sIm®n cmP-hw-i-Øns‚ kw`m-h-
\-bmb B¿.-F¬.-hn. tImtfPv
Hm^v ayqknIv & ss^≥ B¿Svkv,
Xr∏q-Wn-Øp-d, ]me-°mSv sNssº
kvamcI kwKoX tImtfPv. CXn-
\p-]p-dta tIcf Fw.-Pn. Imen-°‰v
IÆq¿, ImeSn F∂o k¿Δ-I-em-
im-e-I-fn¬ ayqknIv Un∏m¿´v
sa‚ vkv thsd-bp-ap≠v. kzmXn-Xn-
cp-\mƒ kwKoX tImtf-Pn¬ {io
siΩ-¶pSn {io\n -hm -k-ø¿
{]n≥kn-∏ƒ Bbn-cp∂ Imew, tIc-f-Ønse
I¿Æm-SI kwKo-X-Øns‚ kph¿Æ-Im-e-am-bn-cp-
∂p. Hcp cmKw Bem-]\w XpS-ßn-bm¬ aWn-°q-
dp-I-tfmfw \o≠p-\n¬°pw B ¢mkv. at\m-˛-hm-Iv-
˛-i-cocw˛F√mw \qdp-i-X-am\w kwKo-X-Øn-e¿∏n-
®-h-cm-bn-cp∂p A∂sØ Kpcphpw injy-cpw.
{iosi-Ω-¶pSn {io\n-hm-k-ø-cpsS injy-]-c-º-c-
bn¬s∏´ {io amth-en-°c {]`m-I-c-h¿Ω Cu
kμ¿`-Øn¬ G‰hpw kvac-Wo-b-\m-Wv. C{Xbpw
]qP-\o-b-\mb kwKo-X-Nm-cy\v th≠{X AwKo-
Imcw At±lw Pohn-®n-cp∂ Ime-L-´-Øn¬ In´n-
bn-´pt≠m F∂v kwi-b-am-Wv. Hcp icm-icn
Xr∏q-Wn-Øpd B¿. F¬. hn. kwKoX tImtfPv
]me-°mSv sNssº kwKoX tImtfPv
- 92 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
⁄m\-ap≈ hnZym¿∞n-bv°p-
t]mepw kc-f-amb am¿§-Øn-
eqsS kwKo-X-Øns‚ Ah-
Kmlw h¿≤n-∏n-°p-∂-co-Xn-bn-
ep≈ A≤ym-]\ coXn-bm-bn-
cp∂p {io. h¿Ω kmdn-t‚-Xv.
Hcp kwKoX hnZym¿
∞n°v C∂v kwKo-X-a-`y-kn-
bv°m≥ am¿§-߃ Gsd-
bmWv. F¶n-epw, Kpcp-ap-J-Øn¬ \n∂pw t\cn´v
A`y-kn°p-∂-Xns‚ A\p- -h-⁄m\w as‰mcp am¿§-
Øn-eq-sSbpw e`n-°n-s√∂v Xo¿®-bm-Wv. Imk-‰vkv,
kn.-Un.-Iƒ, hn.-kn.-Un-Iƒ XpS-ßnb ]e B[p-\n-
tIm-]-I-c-W-ßepw Ah-ew-_n®v kwKoX tZh-
Xsb a\- n-em-°m≥ {ian-°p-∂-h¿ C∂v [mcm-f-
am-Wv. kwKo-X-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\w lrZn-ÿ-am-b-
h¿ am{Xsa Cu am¿§w kzoI-cn-°m≥ ]mSp-≈q.
{]mtbm-KnI Xe-Øn¬ hcp∂ sX‰p-Iƒ a\- n-
em°n Xcm≥ Cu Ce-Ivt{Sm-WnIv D]-I-c-W-
߃s°m∂pw km≤y-a-√-t√m. CXn-\p-]p-dta "Hm¨
sse≥ ÃUokv' Cu \p‰m-≠ns‚ apJ-ap-{Z-bm-Wv.
`qtKm-f-Øns‚ c≠p Zn°n-en-cp∂v Kpcphpw injy\pw
C‚¿s\‰v hgn kwh-Zn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv Cu coXn.
injys‚ {]tbm-K-X-e-Øn-ep≈ sX‰p-Iƒ Xncp-
Øm≥ km[n-°p-sa-∂Xv Cu "Hm¨ sse≥
¢mkns‚ Hcp \√hi-am-Wv. Cu coXn-bn-ep≈
]T\w aqew Hcp hnZym¿∞n°v `qtem-I-Øns‚
GXp `mK-Øp-\n-∂m-bmepw CjvS-s∏´ Kpcp-hns‚
]mT-߃ ]Tn-°mw.
kwKo-X-tem-IØv Kth-jW {]_-‘-ßfpw
[mcmfw CSw t\Sn-°-gn-™p. F¶n-epw, icn-bmb
coXn-bn¬ Kth-jWw \S-Øn, Xøm-dm-°nb {]_-
‘-߃ FÆ-Øn¬ Ipd-hmWv. Hmtcm Kth-j-
Whpw kwKo-X-tem-IsØ Hmtcm \qX-\-ta-J-esb
At\z-jn-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°-Ww.
Cu Ime-L- -Ønse {]tXy-I-X-bmb ""dnbm-
en‰n tjm''Iƒ s]mXp kaq-lsØ Iog-S-°n-bn-´p-
≠v. kwKoXw GXp coXn-bn¬ ]Tn-®mepw Cu
"tjm'bn¬ ]s¶SpØn-s√-¶n¬ PohnXw Xs∂
hy¿∞-sa∂p hniz-kn-bv°p∂ Hcp "aqV-k-¶e-
ev]-Øn-\-Sn-a-bm-b-h¿ Gsd-bm-Wv. CXv ]pXp-X-e-
ap-d-bpsS mhnsb Ccp- n-em-°p-Itb D≈q. Xobn\p
]pdsI ]mbp∂ Cubmw ]m‰-bpsS Ah-ÿ-bn-
te°v t]mIm-Xn-cp-∂m¬ \∂v!
I¿Æm-SI kwKo-Xw, lnμp-ÿm\n kwKo-
Xw, efnX kwKo-Xw XpSßn GXp kwKoX imJ-
bn-em-bmepw, \nc-¥cw {ih-W-Øn-eqsS tIƒhn-
⁄m\w h¿≤n-∏n-®v, tI´v a\- n-em-°n-b-Xns\
km[Iw sNbvXp-d-∏n-bv°p-∂-h-cpsS ka£w
kwKoX tZhX {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp∂p PohnXw [\y-
am-°n-Ø-cp-∂p.!
tUm. ]fl Fkv. Xºp-cm≥ : Xr∏q-Wn-Øpd B¿. F¬. hn. tImtf-Pnse hoW
hn`mKw ta[m-hn.
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lecjXkgä~j aìùl hgvjgíejCùhbqèv~äfw mqbªeÎve mukjfTgk
amth-en-°c B¿.{]`m-I-c-h¿Ω
- 93 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
kwKoX Ncn-{X-Ønse A]q¿Δ \nan-j-߃
Falicitation to G.N.B. Krishna Gana Sabha, Madras PalghatMani Iyer speaks
Musiri, Tiruvalangadu Sundaresa Iyer & Guruvayur Dorai. Vocalsupport by T.K. Govinda Rao & K.S. Venkataraman
Edinbrugh Festival 1965 Mani Iyer Raja Mani KVN Lalgudi
T. R. Mahalingam in action D.K. Pattammal
Maharajapuram - Govindaraj Pillai - Palghat Mani Iyer - SwaminathaPillai (Bombay Concert) (Tampura - Maharajapuram Santhanam)
Stdg. Left: Tanjore Vaidyanatha Iyer, Right: Musiri Subramania IyerSitting: T. K. Moorthy
- 94 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
IrjvW-aq¿Øn
P¬km L¿
hnkvXr-X-amb Aº-e-ap-‰hpw Aº-e-a-Xnepw
XnS-∏n-≈n-`n-Ønbpw Iym≥hm-km-°nb Ip´n-°m-e-
Øm-Wv. ]®n-e-Ifpw ]q°fpw \nd-ß-fmb Ip´n-
°m-ew. \nc-¥-c-hm-b-\bpw k‘y-s°mcp Znh-
kw.... Fs∂ms° IpØn-°p-dn-°-epw. ]T-\-Im-
ehpw B {]mbhpw Hm¿Ω-bn-s√∂pw Iq´n-t°m-
fq..... Cß-s\-bn-cn-s°bmWv Hcp sshIp-t∂cw
]cn-]m-eb ]cn-]m-eb cLp-\mY tIƒ°p-∂-Xv
BIm-i-hm-Wn-bn¬ \n∂mWv. hmbn-®p-sIm-≠n-
cp∂ A£-c-ßsf aS-°n-sbm-Xp°n sNhn-sIm-Sp-
Øp. a\ pw IÆpw Xqin-®p. cma cma cma cma
tImZ-WvU-cm-a, Fw.-Un. cma-\m-Y≥ ]mSnb
dn°mUv Fs∂m-c-dn-bn-∏pw.
hymJym-\-߃... Bh¿Øn®ptI´v hne-bn-cp-Øm-
\p≈ kuI-cy-߃ D≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. kml-N-cy-
߃... tPmenbpw tS∏v dn°mUpw kz¥-ambn hn-
®-t∏m-gmWv Fw.-Un. cma-\m-Ys\ ]nSn-®-Sp-Øn-cp-
Øp-∂-Xv.
kwKoXw F∂m¬ am[pcyw F∂p tcJ-s∏-
Sp-Øn-b-am-Xn-cn-bm-Wv Aen-Jn-X-\n-b-aw. Xs‚ Icp-
Øp‰ imco-c-Øn\p tbmPn-°p∂ Xc-Øn-te°p
kwKo-XsØ sacp-°n-sb-SpØv Fw.-Un. cma-\m-Y≥
AXp Xncp-Øn. 1956 Ime-L-´-ß-fnse It®-cn-I-
fn¬ Kpcp ssSK¿ hc-Zm-Nm-cn-bpsS Omb hoWn-
cp-s∂-¶nepw ]ns∂-∏ns∂ AXp-am-dn. auen-I-am-
bn. A\p-I-cWw Akm-≤y-hpw. ap≥Iq´n Btem-
Nn-®pNn´-s∏-Sp-Øn-sb-SpØ Bem-]\ coXn-b-√-Xv.
C∂-e-tØ-Xns‚ Bh¿Ø-\-hp-a-√. \nanj coXn-
bm-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v ]n∂n-en-cn-°p∂ injys‚
ZuXyw Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ Pew FSp-Øp-sIm-Sp-
°¬ am{X-am-Wv, IqsS ]mSp-I-b-√.
Hmtcm Io¿Ø-\-Øn\pw Hmtcm Afhv \n›-
bn-®n-´p-≠v. Io¿Ø-\-Øn-te-°m-gv∂n-d-ßnbt∏mƒ
In´nb Adn-hm-W-Xv. `mh-`wKn kv^pcn-°m≥ Nne
Io¿Ø-\-߃. A\p-]-√-hn-bn¬ \n∂p-Xs∂ XpS-
ßWw Fs∂mcp \njvI¿j-bpw..... Bt`-cn-bpsS
\Kp-tam-ap, Iam-kns‚ t{_mtN-h, kmc-a-Xn-bpsS
tam£ap F√mw Fw.-Un. cma-\m-Y\v Bdp an\n‰p
Io¿Ø-\-ß-fm-Wv. AXn¬ F√m-X-e-ß-fpw. CXp-
X-s∂-bmWv ]mIw F∂p kXyw tXm∂pw.
tam£ap {][m-\-Ir-Xn-bm-bn. X\n-bm-h¿Ø-
\w. ]t£, cmKhpw \nc-hepw kzchpw XyPn®v
tam£w Bdp-an-\n-‰n¬Ø-s∂.... Fw. N{μ-ti-J-
c≥ hb-en≥. Da-bmƒ]pcw inh-cm-a≥ arZw-Kw.
A¿∞-a-dn™p ]mSp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v kq£n-®p≈
]Zw apdn-°¬. AXn\p sImSp-°p∂ Du∂¬.
i_vZ-Øns‚ L\w
L\-Øns‚ i_vZw
F{X-t\cw Bbn-cn-∏n-cp∂p F∂-dn-bn-√....
A\-¥-]p-cn-bn¬ Nn{X-Ie ]Tn-°p-tºmgpw A£-
c-ßsf IpØn-°p-dn-°p-tºmgpw cma-\m-Y-s\bpw
tXSn Ae-bp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.... apJ-tØm-Sp-ap-J-ambn
ssIsb-Øp-∂-I-e-Øn¬ \h-cm{Xn aWvU-]-Øn¬,
Im¿ØnI Xncp-\mƒ Xntø-‰-dn¬ Aßp-Zq-sc....
F¥m-Wn{X?
B Kmw`o-cyw. Bem-]-\-Øn¬ sImSp-°p∂
`mhw. AX-\p-k-cn®v apJØpw ssII-fnepw hcp∂
`mh-{]-I-S-\-߃. shdpw {]I-S-\-a-√. a\- ns‚
- 95 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
ambm-a-f-h-Ku-f-Øns‚ hnZp-e-Ip-s{am-s°Z
F∂ XymK-cmP IrXn. Nc-W-Øns‚ Ah-km-\-
hcn {_“m-\μ kp[mw-_p-[n-a¿Ω Fw.-Un. cma-
\m-Y≥ Be-]n -°p-∂Xv {_“m-\μ F∂√
{_lvam-\μ F∂p Xncn-®m-Wv. hcp-∂-Xm-hs´
\mhn¬ \n∂-√. \m`n-bn¬ \n∂m-Wv. \m`o-\m-f-
Øn¬ \n∂v. B apg-°w B hm°n¬ \nd-™n-cn-
°p-∂p. B B\-μ-km-K-cw....
P∑-\m- e-b-⁄m-\-ap≈ kwKo-X-⁄-\mWv
Fw.-Un. cma-\m-Y≥ F∂p ]me-°mSv aWn Aø¿
]d-™n- p-≠v. B eb-kn-≤nsb aWn Aø¿ hnti-
jn-∏n®p: ""{_“-ebw''.
]t£, aWn Aø¿ kzbw Acn-b-°pSn cmam-
\pP Aø-¶m¿°p sImSpØpt]mbncp∂p.
aWnAø¿ ]dbpw: ""At± -l-Øn\v
Rms\s‚ a\- p-sIm-Sp-Øp.''
Rm\Xp sImSp-Øn-√.
Fw.-Un. cma-\m-Ys‚ Nmc-Øn-cp-Øn.
F´pw ]Øpw aWn-°q¿ ssZ¿Ly-ap≈ B
It®cn k{º-Zm-bsØ Imem-\p-kr-X-ambn c≠p-
c-≠c aq∂p aWn-°q-dn-te-s°m-Xp°n {]mh¿Øn-
I-am°n hnP-bn-∏n-®Xv Acn-b-°p-Sn-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
BIm-i-hm-Wn-°p-th≠n H∂c aWn-°q-dm-°p-
tºmgpw Hcp henb It®-cn-bpsS ]q¿Æ-X-bp-≠m-
hpw. h¿Æ-Øn¬ XpSßn cmKw Xm\w ]√-hn-bn-
eqsS awKfw hsc.
Io¿Ø-\sØ Af∂p Xq°n ]mSp∂ ka-
b-Øns‚ "Afhv' \n›-bn-°p∂ Imcy-Øn¬ Acn-
b-°p-Snbpw ISp-I- n-bm-Ip-∂p. Hcp Io¿Ø-\-Øn\p
cmKw F{X Afhp ]mS-Ww. \nc-hepw kzchpw
F{X Afhp thWw. CØn-cn-tb-D-≈psh-¶nepw
HØncn-bpsS ]q¿ÆX e`n-°-Ww.......
sNssº sshZym-\mY `mK-h-X¿, alm-cm-P-
]pcw hniz-\m-Y-ø¿, amen XpS-ßnbhcp-ambn
tN¿Øp \n¿Øn t\m°p-tºmƒ Acn-b-°pSn
cmam-\pP Aø-¶m-cpsS It®-cn°v A®-S°w IqSpw...
]m∏ sh¶- -cm-a-øbpw ]me-°mSv aWn Aø-cp-ambn
ebn-®p-tN¿∂p≈ B It®-cn-I-fn¬ Acn-b-°p-Sn-
bpsS hnZz-Xzhpw Io¿Ø-\-ß-ƒ Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-
∂-Xnse kq£va-Xbpw \nd™p \n¬°p-∂Xp
tIƒ°mw. At±lw Xs∂ Nn´-s∏-Sp-Ønb Xncp-
∏m-h-bn-tebpw cma-\m-S-I-Øn-tebpw mK-߃ mh-
߃.... I≠p [\y-\msU F∂t±lw ]mSp-tºmƒ
DUp∏n IrjvWs\ I≠p [\y-\mb A\p-`hw
D≠m-Ip-∂p....
a[pc aWn Aø-tcmSp tN¿∂p \n¬°p-
tºmƒ as‰m-c-\p- -h-am-Ip-∂p a[pc aWn A√ a[pcw
aWn BWv icn F∂p tXm∂pw. Fhn-sSbpw Hcp
a[p-cw... cmKw ]mSp-tºmgpw anI-hv. ssh`-hw.
kz¿KobamWm-ssi-en. At±-l-Øn\p kz¥w. kzc-
ß-fpsS Btcm-l-Wm-h-tcm-l-W-ß-fn¬ ebn-®p-
t]m-Ipw. C√m-Xm-Ipw. Im]n-\m-cm-b-WnbpsS kc-
kkm-a-Zm-\, _lp-Zm-cn-bpsS kZm-\-μ-Xm-WvU-hw,
Imwt_m-Pn-bpsS ImW-I¨tIm-Sn, tPm¨]pcn-
bpsS Fs∏m-h-cp-hm-scm, tXmUn-bpsS Xmsb
btim-Z....... F√mw a\- n-se-Øn-°m-\p≈ ]I¿∏-
h-Imiw a[pcw aWn Aø¿°p-am-{X-am-Wv. Kncn-
ss]bpw \∂p-hn-Un-Nnbpw Fw.-Un. cma-\m-Y≥
kz¥-am-°n-b-Xp-t]mse Xs∂...
....-Im-en-\n¬ Nneºp sIms©.... F∂p \nc-
h¬ sNøp-tºmƒ Xmsb-b-tim-Z-bpsS IpkrXn
- 96 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
IrjvW≥ sas√- sa-s√, ]ns∂bpw sas√ sa√
\S∂p hcp-∂-Xp-Im-Wmw....
t∏m-Ipw.. sX‰p-a-√.....
C\n DkvXmZv Aao¿Jm≥, apkncn kp{_-
“Wy Aø¿. Be-Øq¿ {_tZ-gvkv, siΩ-¶pSn
{io\n-hm-k-ø¿. sXm´n-∏p-d-Øv..... h¿j-Øn-sem-cn-
°¬ Fw.-Un. cma-\m-Ys\ am{Xw ASp-tØ°p
£Wn-°pw. F∂n¬ I\n-bpw. cm{Xn-hsc kwkm-
cn-®n-cn-°pw.
IrjvW aq¿Øn : kmln-Xy-Im-c≥, kwKoX \ncq-]-I≥
Pn. F≥. _me-kp-{_-“-Wy-Øns‚ BK-a\w
B\-μ-Zm-b-I-amb Hcp sImSp-¶m-‰p-t]m-se-bm-bn-cp-
∂p. B¿°pw Hc]-I-Shpw hcp-ØmsX F√m Bem-
]\ k{º-Zm-b-ß-tfbpw am‰n adn-®p. GXp-ÿm-
bn-bn-te-bv°p-ap-b-cp-Ibpw Xmgp-Ibpw ]mbp-Ibpw
sNøp∂ \mK-kz-c-_m-Wn. B_r-K. {ipXn-t`-Zw...
\mK-kzc N{I-h¿Øn Sn. F≥. cmP-cXv\w ]n≈-
bpsS a\- v. Ccp-hcpw tN¿∂v eh-Ip-i-∑m-sc-
t]mse tXmUn cmKm-izsØ ]nSn®p sI´n. XS-
hn-em-°n.... Ccp-hcpw cmKm-em-]-\-Øns‚ A[n-]-
cm-bn-cp-∂p. Io¿Ø\w ]mSp-∂-Xn-e√ cmKw ]mSp-
∂-Xn-emWv hnZz-Xz-Øns‚ s]cpa F∂p tXm∂n-
t]c-°p´n hoSns‚ Aº-e-`n-Øn-bn¬ ]®n-
e-I-fpsS If¿ s]≥kn¬sIm≠v Nn{Xw hc-°p-I-
bm-hpw....
P¬km L¿ ˛ Zn ayqknIv dqw
kwhn-[m\w : kXy-PnXv td
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EvãtöxckjbfäTx ofbmX GòªTx Zjg cCfTx aìùlvëãfwbòªx EvãtöxGçeãfjfTgÿleCx. Evkägsë FóØbfYb~äeã aòeJx, svÖx,MqTj, hBX, kjfêx FbãeCx vwkgÿlx. Evãtöfw hRgaòjezEùiufTgÿbq DÖh¥ambemcflfãgceãf yÀsh¥aëçleCx.
- 97 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
efnX kwKo-X-Øn¬ \n∂pwimkv{Xob kwKo-X-Øn-tebv°v
kwKo-Xm-`y -k\w Kpcp -ap -J-Øp-\n∂pw
t\cnt´m AX-s√-¶n¬ kwKo-X-hn-Zym-e-b-ß-fn¬
\nt∂m km[n-s®-Sp-°mw.
F∂m¬ kwKo-Xm-kzmZ\w Cu c≠p-hn-[-
Ønepw km[y-a-√. ]s£ kwKo-Xm- y-k-\-Øn\pw
kwKo-Xm-kzm-Z-\-Øn\pw s]mXp-hmbnth≠ Hcp
LS-Iap≠v. P∑-hm-k\.
kwKo-X-a-\ pw Xmf-t_m-[hpw P∑\m
Ds≠-¶n¬ am{Xta Hcp kwKo-X-Im-ct\m kwKo-
Xm-kzm-Z-It\m Bhm≥ Ign-bq. kwKo-Xm-kzm-Z\w
Xs∂-bm-Wt√m ChnsS hnj-bw. F\n°pw
imkv{Xob kwKo-X-Øns‚ hymI-cWw Xosc-h-
i-an-√m-Ø-h¿°v cmK-e-£-W-ß-fpsS kzc-{]-
kvXmcw Adn™p cmKw I≠p-]n-Sn-°pI Akm-
≤yw-X-s∂.
AXp-sIm-≠p-Iq-Sn-bmWv efnX kwKo-X-Øn-
eqsS imkv{Xob kwKoXw F∂ hn]-coX Zni-
bn-eq-sS-bp≈ kwKo-X-bm{X F∂ Bibw a\-
n¬ sXfn-™-Xv.
Xo¿®-bmbpw Cu kml-knI kwKoX
bm{X°v klm-b-am-bXv I¿Æm-SnIv lnμp-ÿm\n
cmK-ßsf ASn-ÿm-\-am°n \ap°v efn-X-Km-\-
ßfpw kn\nam Km\-ßfpw kΩm-\n® hn. Z£n-
Wm-aq¿Øn, Pn. tZh-cm-P≥, Fw.-F-kv. _m_p-cm-
Pv, cho-{μ≥ amjv, ‰n.-F-kv. cm[m-IrjvWPn XpSßn
\nc-h[n kwKoX kwhn-[m-b-I-cpsS Dd-h h‰mØ
kwKoX⁄m\w Xs∂.
BapJw C{Xbpw aXn-sb-∂p-tXm-∂p-∂p.
I¿Æm-SI kwKoX Io¿Ø-\-߃ cmKsØ
A[n-I-cn®v Nn´-s∏-Sp-Øp∂hbm-W-t√m. F∂m¬
Fw.-F-kv. e£van ip`
GsXmcp Io¿Ø-\-tØ-°mfpw tN¿®-tbmsS Nne
cmK-߃ efnX kwKo-X-Øn¬ k∂n-th-in-∏n-
°p∂ kwKoX kwhn-[m-b-I-cn¬ BZyw hcp-∂Xv
""ZznPm-h¥n'', F∂- cm-K-Øns‚ `‡n-`m-h-hpw,
kuay-Xybpw Aev]w-t]mepw \jvS-s∏-SmsX ""Hcp
t\c-sa-¶nepw ImWmsX hsøs‚ Kpcp-hm-bq-c∏m''
F∂ Km\-Øn¬ kzmwio -I -cn®
cm[mIrjvWPnbmWv.
F∂m¬ ZznPm-h-¥n-bpsS ]Xn™ ]Z-
Ønse kuμcyw Bkz-Zn-°-W-sa-¶n¬ \f-N-cn-
X-Ønse ""adn-am≥ IÆn'' F∂ `mKw Iem-a-
WvUew i¶-c≥ F{ºm-¥ncn ]mSn-tIƒ°-Ww.
Gh¿°pw Ffp∏w Bkz-Zn-°m-hp∂ kn\nam
Km\-ß-fn-eqsS an°-cm-K-ß-tfbpw \ap°v Xncn-®-
dn -bmw. hfsc {]Nm -c -Øn -ep≈ GXm\pw
kn\namKm-\-ß-fn-eqsS Nne ""cmK-e-£W''߃
Is≠-Øm≥ {ian-°mw.
tchXn cmK-amWv Gsd Xc-fnX hnIm-c-߃
DW¿Øm≥ \ΩpsS kwKoX kwhn-[m-b-I¿ D]-
tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xv.
cho-{μ≥ amjns‚ ""IpS-©m-{Zn-bn¬'' (\oe-
°-S-ºv), ""{ioe-Xn-I-Iƒ'' (kp-Jtam tZho) F∂o
Km\-ßfpw angn-\o¿∏q-hp-I-fnse ""N{μInc-W-Øn≥
Nμ-\w....'' F∂ Km\hpw tchXn cmK-Øns‚
kuμcyw sXfn -bn -°p -∂-Xm -Wv. ""Nncntbm
Nncn''F∂ Nn{X-Øn¬ cho-{μ≥ amjv inh-c-
RvPn\n cmK-Øn¬ ""Ggp-kz-c-ß-fpw....'' F∂ ln‰v
Km\w kΩm-\n-®-t∏mƒ I∑Zw F∂ Nn{X-Øn¬
""Jc-l-c-{]nb''bpsS cmK kuμcyw ""a™-°n-fn-
bpsS aqfn∏m´v.....'' F∂ Km\-Øn¬ k∂n-th-in-
∏n-®p.
- 98 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
\oemw-_cn cmK-Øns‚ hiyX apgp-h\pw
A¿÷p\≥ amjv Pb-N-{μs‚ i_vZ-Øn-eqsS
""l¿j _mjv]w XqIn...'' (ap-Ø-»n) F∂ Km\-
Øn¬ \nd-®p-h-®p.
_rμm-h\ kmcw-K-bpsS `‡n-`mhw cho-
{μ≥ amjns‚ ""Zo\-Z-bmtem cma....'' (A-c-b-∂-
ß-fpsS hoSv) F∂ Km\-Øn-ep-≠v. k¿§-Ønse
""Btμm-f\w...'' F∂ Km\-Øn¬ ""tIZm-c -
Kuf''Øns‚ Bflm-hp-≠v.
lcn-Imw-t_mPn cmK-Øn¬ Gsd {]i-kvX-
ß-fmb ""ic-dm-¥¬ Xncn-Xm-Wp..'' (Im-bepw Ib-
dpw) ""IS-en-\-°sc t]mtWmtc'' (sN-Ωo≥), Zqsc-
°n-g-°p-Zn°pw'' (Nn-{Xw) XpS-ßnb Km\-ß-fp-≠v.
I¿Wm-SI kwKo-X-Øn¬ tIZm¿ F∂ cmK-
Øn¬ IrXn-Iƒ Ipd-hm-sW-¶nepw \ΩpsS
kwKoX kwhn-[m-b-I¿°v Gsd {]nb-s∏-´-XmWv
Cu cmKw.
\nXy-l-cn-X-ß-fmb ""N{I-h¿Øn\n'' (sN-
º-c-Øn), ""F¥n\o Nne-¶-Iƒ'' (I-cp-W), ""AjvS-
ap -Sn -°m-b-ense'' (a -W-hm-´n), ""Ihn -fsØ
IÆo¿I≠p'' (A-t\z-j®p Is≠-Øn-bn-√) F∂o
]gnb Km\-ßfpw Aacw F∂ Nn{X-Ønse ""lrZ-
b-cmK X{¥n-ao´n'' F∂ Km\hpw tIZ-c-Øn-em-
Wv.
knμp-ss`-chn F∂ cmKw _m_p-cm-Pn\v
Gsd {]nb-s∏-´-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. _m_q-°-bpsS A\-
iz-c-ß-fmb ""{]mW-kJo Rm≥ shdp-sam-cp....' (]-
co-£) F∂ Km\hpw ""Xma-k-sat¥ hcp-hm≥...'
(`m¿K-ho-\n-e-bw) F∂ Km\hpw knμp-ss`-chn
F∂ cmKw Cu Km\-߃°v th≠n-bmtWm cq]w-
sIm-≠Xv F∂ptXm-∂pw-hn[w kpμ-c-ß-fm-Wv.
""Bln¿ss`-chv'' F∂ lnμp-ÿm\n cmK-
Øns‚ hiyXbm¬ A\-iz-c-amb Km\-amWv tZh-
cm-P≥ amjv Nn´-s∏-Sp-Ønb ""AssZzXw P\n®
\m´n¬....'' (sse≥ _ v) F∂ Km\w.
""coXn-Kuf'' F∂ cmKw G‰hpw ln‰mb
Km\-߃ Nn´-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂ cmK-
amtWm F∂p-tXm-∂n-t∏m-Ipw. ""H∂mw cmKw ]mSn''
(Xq-hm-\-Xp-ºn-Iƒ), ""I¨Iƒ Cc-≠m¬....'' (kp-
{_-“-Wy-]p-cw) F∂o Km\-߃ tI´m¬.
""lntμmfw'' F∂ cmK-Øns‚ X\na
\nd™p \n¬°p∂ cho-{μ≥ amjns‚ ""Nμ\
aWn-hm-Xn¬ ]mXn Nmcn'' (a-cn-°p-∂n√ Rm≥),
Pn. thWp-tKm-]m¬ ]mSnb Hcn°epw ad°mØ
Km\-ambn amdn.
CØ-c -Øn¬ lrZbmh¿÷-ß-fmb
kn\nam Km\-ßsf imkv{Xob kwKo-X-Ønse
cmK-ß-fp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-Øn-bm¬ Cu Ipdn∏v
Ah-km-\n-°p-I-bn-√.
F¥m-bmepw km[m -c -W-°m -cs\
imkv{Xob kwKo-X-Øn-te°v BI¿jn-°m≥ Ign-
bp∂ F{Xtbm kn\n-am-Km-\-ß-sf-¶nepw \ap°v
Is≠-Øm-\m-Ipw. imkv{Xob cmK-e-£-W-ß-tf-
°mƒ A\-iz-c-ß-fmb Cu CuW-߃ GXp-cm-
K-tØbpw Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ \sΩ klm-bn°pw
Xo¿®.
Fw.-F-kv. e£van ip` : sNssº ayqknIv tImtfPv {]n≥kn-∏ƒ Bbn-cp∂
s{]m^. hn.-_n. ao\m-£n-bpsS aIƒ. F©n-\o-b-dnwKv _ncp-Zm-\-¥c _ncpZ
hnZym¿∞n-\n-bm-Wv.
- 99 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc Aø∏tkhmkanXnbpsS 2011˛2012
h¿jsØ {]h¿ØI kanXn AwK߃
1. {io. AUz. B¿. APnØvIpam¿ h¿Ω {]kn-U‚ v 9847057075
2. {io. s{]m^. ]n.- F-kv. tim`≥ sshkv {]kn-U‚ v 9447573372
3. {io. Fkv. lcn. sk{I-´dn 9846076373
4. {io. hn. IrjvW-\mYv tPm. sk{I- dn 9995544495
5. {io. ]n. cmPvIp-am¿ {Sj-d¿ 9847058128
6. {io. Sn.- hn. kp{_-“-Wy≥ IΩ‰n AwKw 9633013750
7. {io. hn. cma-kzman ” 9846066455
8. {io. {io[¿ Fkv. ” 9447396305
9. {io. Iym]v‰≥ tKm]m-e-Ir-jvW≥ ” 9349137799
10. {io. _me≥ sh≈-°m v ” 9847066110
11. {io. cm[m-Ir-jvW≥ t]cq¿ ” 9744075749
12. Ipam-cn. hn. efnX ” 9495764107
13. {ioaXn. Dj hn\-b-Ip-am¿ ” 9446585199
14. {ioa-Xn. kn‘p lcojv ” 9846032855
aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj°Ωn‰n AwK-߃
1. {io. k¿tΔiv i¶¿ I¨ho-\¿ 9746269969
2. {io. Pb-N-{μ≥ ]n. {Sj-d¿ 9895189101
3. {io. hcp¨ IΩ‰n AwK-w
4. {io. icXv ” 9995555413
5. {io. lcojv ” 9846092855
- 100 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
XmacwIpfßc {io[¿ΩimkvXm icWw
XmacwIpfßc {io [¿ΩimkvXm t£{Xw
kzmanicWw
aìùlX lùéfùy§ùMr. hgnfãÿtq
A\p-P≥ \mcm-b-W≥ vêtlfjfh¥eëx
aìùlX acwMeéf{io. IqS-∏pg i¶-c≥ \ºq-Xncn
aìùlX krBxMeéf{io. Kpcp-{]-kmZv F{ºm-¥ncn
aìùlX GdjeäzùMr. vejeãCz vêtlfjf
smùköJf
lecjXkgä~j DÖh¥ambemcflflecjXkgä~j, lôh¥tCfègJ - 682 301, SJCekgäX pfnâ,
Ph : 98460 76373 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.thamara.net
aìùlmXyÀceã ktëglw bfbj~WTx yÀsh¥aëç bfnemX :
t£{Xw IgIw{io. A\n¬ hmcy¿
t£{Xw ASn-b-¥ncw{io. apt≠-ºn≈n _me-Ir-jvW-am-cm¿
- 101 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc {io[¿Ω-imkvXm ]pc-kvImcw
{io. ]gp-hn¬ cLp-am-cm¿°v
Xr»nht]cq¿ Xmeq°v ]gp-hn¬ tZiØv ]gp-hn¬
amcmØv am[-h-am-cm-cp-sS-bpw, N°w-Ip-f-ßc amcmØv am[hn
amc-kzm-cp-sSbpw aI-\mbn 1963-˛¬ {io. cLp-am-cm¿ (kn.-
Fw. cLp-\m-Yv) P\n-®p. ssheq¿ ]¥-√q¿ kvIqfn-epw, ]gp-
hn¬ sk‚v B‚-Wokv kvIqfnepw hnZym-`ymkw ]q¿Øo-I-
cn-°p-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ Xs∂ sN≠ hmZ-\-Øns‚ {]mY-anI
]mT-߃ ]nXm-hn¬ \n∂pw lrZn-ÿ-am°n 1979- ¬ Ccn-ßm-
e-°pS DÆm-bn-hm-cy¿ kvamcI Iem-\n-e-b-Øn¬ tN¿∂v
\mev h¿jw Iem-\n-ebw Ip™pÆn Bims‚ Iogn¬ Xmb-
º-I-bpw, tIfn-bpw, IY-Ifn sN≠bpw A`y-kn-®p.
1980-˛¬ ]gp-hn¬ kp{_-“Wy kzman t£{X-k-∂n-
[n-bn¬ Xmb-º-I-bn¬ Ac-t߉w Ipdn-®p. Ccn-ßm-e-°pS
IpS¬ amWnIyw t£{X-Øn¬ 1981-˛se D’-h-Øn\v ]gp-
hn¬ cLp-am-cm-cpsS sN≠-∏p-d-∏m-tSm-sS-bmWv IY-Ifn Ac-
tß-dn-b-Xv.
{]ikvX hmZy-hn-Z-KvZ-\m-bn-cp∂ Ipa-c-]pcw A∏p-am-
cm¿, aT-Øn¬ \mcm-b-W≥ Ip´n-amcm¿ F∂o Kpcp-\m-Y≥am-
cpsS Iogn-ep≈ in£-W-amWv {io. ]gp-hn¬ cLp-am-cm-cpsS
{]K-¤y-Øn\v am‰p-Iq- n-b-Xv.
cLp-am-cm-cpsS AΩm-h-\mb ssheq¿ A\n-b≥am-
cm-cpsS in£-W-Øn¬ t£{Xm-Nmc NS-ßp-I-fn¬ {][m-\-
s∏´ hen-b-]m-Wn, D’-h-_-en, Ieiw F∂n-h-bn¬ sN≠-
bpw, ]mWnbpw {]tbm-Kn-°m≥ A`y-kn-®p. Cu {]tbm-K-
Øn¬ a[y-tI-c-f-Øn¬ {]mhoWyw t\Snb hy‡n-I-fn¬ hnc-
en¬ FÆm-hp-∂-Xn¬ Hcmfm-Wv {io. cLp-am-cm¿.
1984-˛¬ ]gp-hn¬ kp{_-“-Wy-kzman t£{X-Øn¬
ASn-b-¥n-c-°m-c-\mbn At±lw Npa-X-e-tb-‰p. A¥n-°mSv
hS-t°-°c t£{X hmZy-I-em-k-an-Xn-bpsS Iogn¬ 100 Hmfw
hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°v {]Xn- -te-—-Iq-SmsX Adnhv ]I¿∂p-sIm-
Sp°pI F∂ kvXpXy¿l-amb tkh-\hpw Ct±lw hln-°p-
∂p. A]q¿Δ-ta-f-ß-fmb AS-¥, Nº, A©-S-¥, sNº-S,
{[phw F∂n-h-bn¬ cLp-am-cm-cpsS {]mhoWyw FSp-Øp-]-d-
b-°-Ø°XmWv. tIc-f-Øn-\-IØpw ]pdØpw \nc-h[n
D’-h-th-Zn-I-fn¬ {io. cLp-am-cm-cpsS \nd-km-∂n-[y-am-Wv. c≠v
Zim-_vZ-°m-e-ambn Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc taf-Øn\v Ct±lw ]s¶-
Sp-Øp-h-cp-∂p.
C°m-e-b-f-hn¬ A\-h[n ]pc-kv°m-c-߃ At±-
lsØ tXSn-sb-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn. injy≥amcpw, hmZy-Iem
Bkzm-Z-Icpw "I\-I-I-¶Ww' \¬Inbpw taf-I-em-Nmcy
_lp-aXn \¬Inbpw At±-lsØ BZ-cn-®p.
hmZy -Iemcw-KsØ Cu A]q¿Δ {]Xn -` -bpsS
s]cp-a-bpw, {]i-kvXnbpw hcpw-Im-e-ß-fn¬ hmt\mfw Db-
cs´ F∂pw, cLp-th-´\pw At±-l-Øns‚ IpSpw-_mw-K-
߃°pw F√m-hn[ Bbp-cm-tcmKy kuJyw \¬In `K-hm≥
{io]q¿Æ-{X-bo-i\pw Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc {io[¿Ω-im-kvXm-hpw
A\p-{K-ln-°s´ F∂v Bflm¿∞-ambn {]m¿∞n-°p-∂p.
- 102 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
aIchnf°mtLmjwA A
H∂mw Znhkw 11- 01- 2012 (1187 [\p 27) _p[≥
cmhnse : KW-]Xn tlmaw
sshIpt∂cw 6.30 \v : kwKo-X-°t®cn
thm°¬ : Km\- q-jWw KncnP
k‘ybv°v 6.45 \v : \nd-am-e hnf-°p-h-bv∏v, Zo]m-cm-[-\
7.30 \v : sImSn-I-b‰w
cm{Xn 8.00 \v : ]pjv]m- n-tjIw8.00 \v : cma \rØ-hn-lm¿ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂
\rØ-\r-Xy-߃kwhn-[m\w : B¿.-F¬.-hn. tZhn
10.30 \v : hnf°v{io. B¿.-F¬.-hn. atljv Ipam-dns‚ {]am-W-Øn¬ AS-¥-tafw
c≠mw Znhkw 12- 01- 2012 (1187 [\p 28) hymgw
KW-]-Xn-tlm-aw, \nd-ame hnf-°p-h-bv∏v, Zo]m-cm-[-\, ]pjv]m- n-tjIw
ap≥ Znh-k-sØ-t∏mse
cmhnse 9.00 \v : iothen (]©m-cn-tafw)
D®bv°v 2.00 \v : ]d-bvs°-gp-∂-≈n∏v
(B-Zw-]n-≈n-°m-hv, tXh-c-°m-hv, N°w-Ip-f-ß-c, tIm -bv°-Iw, {ioIe tdmUv hgn t£{-XØn-te-°v)
sshIpt∂cw 5.00 \v : `P-\, Nn∑b anj≥ `P-\-kwLw
6.30 \v : kwKo-X-°t®cn
thm°¬ : amÿ cqt]jv tat\m≥
cm{Xn 8.00 \v : XymK-{_“w Hm¿°kv{S Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂
`‡n-Km-\-X-cw-KnWnkwhn-[m\w : Aø-∏-Km-\-{io, kwKo-X-Iu-kvXp-`w, `‡n-Km-\-kp-[m-Ic
{io. Sn.-F-kv. cm[m-Ir-jvWPn
10.30 \v : hnf°v ˛ ({[p-hw-ta-fw)
- 103 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
aq∂mw Znhkw 13- 01- 2012 (1187 [\p 29) sh≈n
D®bv°v 1.00 \v : ]d-bvs°-gp-∂-≈n∏v
(Xma-cw-Ip-f-ß-c t£{X]cn-kcw, hnImkv \K¿, Aºn-fn- \-K¿,
s]-cq¿ tdmUv, sabn≥ tdmUv)
sshIp-t∂cw 6.00 \v : inhm-jvS-]ZnAh-X-cWw : {ioaXn. A\-¥-e£van kp{_-“Wyw
cm{Xn 8.00 \v : U_nƒ Xmb-ºI{io. s]mcq¿ lcn-Zm-kv, {io. s]mcq¿ DÆn-Ir-jvW≥
10.30 \v : hnf-°v ˛ A©-S-¥-tafw
KW-]-Xn-tlm-aw, iothen (]-©m-cn-ta-fw), \nd-ame hnf-°p-h-bv∏v, Zo]m-cm-[-\, ]pjv]m- n-tjIw
ap≥ Znh-k-sØ-t∏mse
\memw Znhkw 14- 01- 2012 (1187 [\p 30) i\n
6.00 \v : kwKoX kZ v
Ah-X-cWw : Xr∏q-Wn-Øpd sI. KncnP h¿Ω
cm{Xn 7.30 \v : \ma-k-¶o¿Ø\w
Ah-X-cWw : {io. hn\-b-N-{μ-ta-t\m≥ mK-h-X¿, _wK-ep-cp
10.30 \v : hnf-°v ˛ Qºtafw
sNdnb hnf°v
KW-]-Xn-tlm-aw, iothen (]-©m-cn-ta-fw), \nd-ame hnf-°p-h-bv∏v, Zo]m-cm-[-\, ]pjv]m- n-tjIw
ap≥ Znh-k-sØ-t∏mse
sshIpt∂cw 5.00 \v : A£ct«mIkZ v
- 104 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
A©mw Znhkw 15- 01- 2012 (1187 aIcw 01) Rmb¿
cmhnse 4.00 \v : \n¿ΩmeyZ¿i\w
6.00 apX¬ : A`n-tj-I-߃
7.00 apX¬ : \ma-k-¶o¿Ø\w
7.30 \v : Iq´-shSn
9.00 \v : iothen{io. kZ\w Znhm-I-c-am-cm¿, ]fl-{io. s]cp-h\w Ip´≥am-cm¿ F∂n-h-cpsS {]am-W-Øn¬
]©m-cn-tafw
D®bv°v 1.00 \v : B\-bq´v
3.30 \v : ]I¬∏qcwk¿Δ{io. tNm‰m-\n-°c hnP-b≥amcm¿, Ip\n-t»cn N{μ≥ F∂n-h¿ \bn-°p∂ {]i-kvX-amb
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc ]©-hmZyw
k‘ybv°v 6.45 \v : Iq´-shSn7.30 \v : Ia-\obamb ]pjv]m-e-¶m-cw, Zo]m-e-¶m-cw, I¿∏qcZo]-°m-gvN, Zo]m-cm-[\
h¿Æ-i-_-f-amb shSn-s°´v\ma-k-¶o¿Ø-\-tØm-Sp-IqSn Iq -i-b\{]Z-£nWw
cm{Xn 8.00 \v : ]pjv]m-`n-tjIw
8.30 \v : \ma-k-¶o¿Ø-\w, N°w-Ip-f-ßc `P-\-k-anXn
10.30 \v : hnf-°v
]fl{io. s]cp-h\w Ip´≥am-cm-cpsS {]am-W-Øn¬
Kw`oc ]m≠n-tafwImWn-bv°-bn-S¬ {][m\w
aI-c-hn-f°v atlm-’hw
Bdmw Znhkw 16- 01- 2012 (1187 aIcw 02) Xn¶ƒ
cmhnse 8.30 \v : Bdm´v
- 105 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
]{Xm-[n] kan-Xn-°p-th≠n
hn. IrjvW-\mYv
apJy ]{Xm-[n-]¿
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj IΩn‰n, Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc Aø∏ tkhm kan-Xn, Xr∏q-Wn-Øpd
Published by : V. Krishnanath, Chief Editor, Makarajyothi on behalf of“Thamaramkulangara Ayyappa Seva Samithy”
Makaravilakku Celebrations Committee - 2012 andPrinted at : Matha Offset Printers, Cochin - 682 018
]{Xm-[n] kanXn AwK-߃:
{io. Fkv.-lcn
{io. inh-Zm-kv h¿Ω
{io. icXv B¿. tat\m≥
{io. KuXw tKm]-Ip-am¿
{io. hnthIv
{ioa-Xn. Fw. Fkv. e£van ip`
{io. i¶-c≥Ip´n Fkv.-Un.
D]-tZ-iI kanXn
tUm. PeP h¿Ω
tUm. _n. ]pjv] IrjvW≥
{io. IrjvW-aq¿Øn
{]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p∂ Nn{X-߃°v IS-∏mSv:
{io. IrjvW-aq¿Øn
apJ-Nn{Xw
`mcXcXv\ Fw. Fkv. kp∫-e£van
- ]Ømw ]Xn∏v
hn⁄m\ IpXp-In-Iƒ F√m h¿jhpw BImw-£-tbmsS ImØn-cn-°p∂ Hcp kvac-Wn-I-bmbn "aI-
-c-tPymXn'bv°v Db-cm≥ Ign™p F∂Xv K-hm≥ {io [¿Ω-im-kvXm-hns‚ A\p-{K-lw-sIm-≠pw, \nß-fpsS
Gh-cp-sSbpw AI-a-gn™ t{]m’m-l-\w-sIm≠pw am{X-am-Wv.
Ign™ Ime-ß-fn¬ ssIImcyw sNbvXn-cp-∂Xv ]q¿Æ-ambpw t£{X-hp-ambn _‘-s∏´ hnj-b-
߃ Bbn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ Cu h¿jw ""Streams of Indian Music'' F∂ Kl-\-amb Hcp hnj-b-am-Wv
R߃ kzoI-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. CXv Aev]w kml-kn-I-am-sW∂v tXm∂p-∂p. F¶nepw th≠-co-Xn-bn¬
Rßsf D]-tZ-in®pw ss[£-Wn-I-ß-fmb teJ-\-߃ Fgp-Xnbpw kam-l-cn®pw kl-I-cn® alZv hy‡n-
I-tfm-Sp≈ IS-∏mSv hm°p-Iƒ°-Xo-X-am-Wv.
""aI-c-tPymXn 2012'' kvac-Wn-I-bnse teJ-\-߃ AXmXp teJ-I-cpsS A`n-{]m-b-ambn IW-°m-
t°-≠-Xm-Wv. Xma-c-Ip-f-ßc Aø∏ tkhm-k-an-Xn-bpsS tcJm-aq-e-amb A\p-a-Xn-bn-√msX Cu kvac-Wn-
I-bnse teJ-\-߃ H∂pw Xs∂ ]p\:{]kn-≤o-I-cn-°m≥ ]mSn-√m-Ø-Xm-Ip-∂p.
- 106 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
sN≠ :
k¿Δ{io. kZ\w Znhm-I-camcm¿
s]cp-h\w Ip´-≥am-cm¿
tIfØv Ac-hn-μm-£≥
]gp-hn¬ cLp-amcm¿
sNΔ-√q¿ tam-l-\≥
sNΔ-√q¿ taml-\-hm-cy¿
sNΔ-√q¿ kp\n¬
]mgq¿ cmtPjv
R L V atljv Ipam¿
]pXn-b-Imhv lcn{]kmZv
A¥n-°mSv cma-N-{μ≥
Idp-Ip‰n Pb≥
he-¥e
k¿Δ{io. s]cp-h\w tKm]m-e-Ir-jvW≥
amb-∂q¿ cma-Ir-jvW≥
]≈n-∏pdw Pb≥
A¥n-°mSv ]fl-\m-`≥
A¥n-°mSv aWn-°p-´≥
A¥n-°mSv jmPn
A¥n-°mSv {]kmZv apX¬]¿
Ce-Ømfw
k¿Δ{io. tN¿∏v aWn
Nme-°pSn chn
t]cmawKew thWp
s]cph\w apcfn
]c-bv°mSv _m_p
tNm‰m-\n-°c kp\n¬
tNm‰m-\n-°c aRvPp
tNm‰m-\n-°c thWp
apcn-b-aw-Kew cmPp
apt≠-ºn≈n IrjvW-Ip-am¿
Xr∏q-Wn-Øpd Zneo]v apX¬t]¿
sImºv :
k¿Δ{io. HmS-°men apcfn
Xr°q¿ kPn
t]cm-aw-Kew a[p
hc-hq¿ thWp
tN¿Øe aWn-°p-´≥
tIm´bw kXo-i≥
HmS-bv°men cXojv
HmS-bv°men Acp¨ apX¬t]¿
Ipg¬ :
k¿Δ-{io. Iogq´v \μ-\≥
DucIw A\n¬ apX¬ t]¿
iwJv :
k¿Δ-{io. apt≠-ºn≈n _me-Ir-jvW-am-cm¿
Xnane :
k¿Δ-{io. tNm‰m-\n-°c hnP-b≥
]c-bv°mSv X¶-∏≥
ssh°w N{μ≥
tNm‰m-\n-°c \μ-∏≥
]√-»\ apcfn
Duc-a\ APn-X≥
a‰q¿ thWp
hmc-s∏´n N{μ≥
Imhn¬ kpμ-c≥
Xr{]-bm¿ cta-i≥
]cbv°mSv atlizc≥
]cbv°mSv atl{μ≥
DZ-b-\m-]pcw lcn
tafØnepw ]©hmZyØnepw]s¶Sp°p∂ IemImc≥am¿
- 107 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
a±fw :
k¿Δ-{io. Ip\n-t»cn N{μ≥
It√-°p-f-ßc IrjvW-hm-cy¿
tNm‰m\n°c kptc{μ≥
hS-°pºm´v cma≥Ip´n
Iem-a-WvUew {]Im-i≥
Acp¨tZhv hmcy¿
sh∂n-ae A\p
cma-aw-Kew {ioIp-am¿
Ce-Ømfw : (]-©-hm-Zyw)
k¿Δ-{io. tN¿∏v aWn
tNe-°c kqcy≥
Nme-°pSn chn
t]cmawKew thWp
s]cph\w apcfn
]≈n-∏pdw Pb≥
]c-bv°mSv _m_p
tNm‰m-\n-°c aRvPp
tNm‰m-\n-°c kp\n¬
tNm‰m-\n-°c thWp
apcn-b-aw-Kew cmPp
]mgq¿ chn
CSbv° :
k¿Δ-{io. tNμ-aw-Kew DÆn
Imhn¬ DÆn-IrjvW hmcy¿
Imhn¬ AP-b≥
\nXy-io-then tafw
k¿Δ-{io. : B¿. F¬. hn. atljvIpam¿
]pXnbImhv lcn{]kmZv
Idp-Ip‰n Pb≥
Xr∏q-Wn-Øpd sh¶ntSjv
aWn-Ip-´≥
hnt\mZv
apt≠-ºn≈n IrjvW-Ip-am¿
apt≠-ºn≈n cma≥
Xncp-hmw-¶pfw cRvPnXv
kXo-i≥
apcnbawKew cmPp
Xr∏q-Wn-Øpd Zneo]v
Xr∏q-Wn-Øpd A\q]v apX¬t]¿
Fgp-∂-≈n-∏n-\p≈ B\-Iƒ : Kpcp-hm-bq¿ henb tIi-h≥
Kpcp-hm-bq¿ C{μ-k≥Kpcp-hm-bq¿ \μ≥Kpcp-hm-bq¿ tIi-h≥Ip´n
Kpcp-hm-bq¿ i¶-c-\m-cm-b-W≥
\nXy-io-then°p≈ B\ : tXm´-bv°m´v IÆ≥
- 108 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
C aìùleòej~W kqMvceãf henfaTçleCx.
C aìùlclfwsköfvkèx hgkbnfTgbeave, coõhfòªx ùhabMfTgbeave, heojìkWGhaãeifTgbeave DvgbofTgÿlnâ.
C ofbamv vë lgJÿfjfTgÿ mcã~äfw skeëfTw hJ vfJãxTebgÿleCx (aI-c-hn-f°p
Znhkw ]I¬∏q-c-Øns‚ kabw HgnsI).
C hJãgsë vfjTgkW: svnâx - 60 k., cnq - 50k., Djf - 100 k., DãxxxxxêJ 500 k.
C ckjbfäTg ofbmX jebfsn 4.00 cCfTx vëlgJTgÿleCx. 6 cCfTx DYfaók~WBcw-`n-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cn°pw.
C kîJÜfãgsë ãg©evgmjCX hjfheëfkäfw aYoilfkW bjgèebgÿleCx.
iChlf auecX bBfheëeãf vëègÿbq jebfsn 7.00 cCfTx aMóbgX, tImeme¶mcw,
B\ G°w, Zo]kvXw`w, vfJcen bfäTgsbãx∏ x, Hcp ]m´ FÆ, Zjg ofbmsè htp,hgó¥enRejX, ]pjv]m-`n-tjIw, {iotIm-hn¬ Ae-¶m-cw Sÿr bBfheëgkW vëègÿbqorhejeOvãxTx aMóbgX, aìùlèfw bÿx ùhmeoX bea~çleCx.
B\-Isf G¿∏mSv sNbvXp-X-∂Xv : Kpcp-hm-bq¿ tZhkzw t_m¿Uv
{io. atl-jv, Ipºfw
{iotIm-hn¬ Ae-¶mcw : {io. A\n¬ hmcy¿
tImew Ae-¶mcw : {io. cma≥ \ºo-i≥
\nth-Zyw : {io. G‰n-°c hnjvWp- \-ºq-Xn-cn, Bbmw-Ip-Sn.
B\-∏pdw : {io. aWnIWvT≥, tNm‰m\n°c
B\-®-abw : ]md-ta-°mhv KhXn tZh-kzw, Xr»q¿
shSn-s°´v : {io. X¶-∏≥, tN¿Øe
{io. sPbvk¨, A¶-amen
i_vZhpw shfn®hpw : S.K.S. Xr∏qWn-Øpd
]¥w-]nSn : {io. ]≈Øv inh-cm-a≥
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t£{Xw hI IXn-\-Iƒ hmS-Ibv°v \¬Ip-∂p.
_‘-s∏-SpI : 96564 63626, 98460 76373
- 109 -
Xma-cw-Ip-f-ßc aI-c-hn-f-°m-tLmj kvac-WnI 2012
{iolcnlcmflPm„Iw
ujfbjemvX bfMVaceuvXujfoOrMVjX EjeOõheogkXDjfbfcqÑvX vflõvqèvXujfujeÎpX aobceùMaã
MjCcÖh¥ mVecf MjCcÖh¥MjCcÖh¥ mVecf MjCcÖh¥
MjCkrqèvX M©cevmXYjCanenghX vqèvenmXDjgCYemgjX YtlveãkXujfujeÎpX aobceùMaã (MjCcÖh¥)
ùhCãmlõkX ùheCveãkXùhClkwh¥kX mgùhYeÂxpflXùhCbcÌfjX krqèvùhfãXujfujeÎpX aobceùMaã (MjCcÖh¥)
lgjibeuvX mgÌjevvXbjioeãgOX aobbqCÛflXigjgkôhekjX krqèvùhfãXujfujeÎpX aobceùMaã (MjCcÖh¥)
ùlfYgbveqòªflX aoblelxckXùlfvãvXùhYgX ofbõaoMfkXùlfoMhtpflX òféflùhoXujfujeÎpX aobceùMaã (MjCcÖh¥)
YbYãehuX YebgkebuXYgbvaceuvX YtlfYtóCXObäbeuvX ofbõbejCXujfujeÎpX aobceùMaã (MjCcÖh¥)
käcôogm¤flX mgÌjevvXkäYakecäX ieùlaceuvXkäYakmjf bepfbeuvXujfujeÎpX aobceùMaã (MjCcÖh¥)
ùMflpvùhfãX òféflùhoXùMglfbfYtóCX meOgprbvXùMglf caveujX irlnenmXujfujeÎpX aobceùMaã
MjCcÖh¥ mVecf MjCcÖh¥MjCcÖh¥ mVecf MjCcÖh¥
ip`wkzmantb ic-W-a-ø∏
aI-c-hn-f°v 2011
cmam-bW amkm-N-cWw
XmacwIpfßc Aø∏ tkhm kanXn
sImSn-tb‰w kwKoX kZ v ˛ Iem-cXv\w sI. Pn. Pb≥ Iem-]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ
Iq -shSn ]I¬∏qcw B¬Ød Ae-¶mcw
I¿∏qc Zo]-°mgvN \ma-k-¶o¿Ø\tØmSp-IqSn Iq´ ib-\-{]-Z-£nWw Xmb-ºI Kpcp-hm-bq¿ iin
-D-ZvLm-S\w˛tUm. sI. Fkv. cm[m-Ir-jvW≥ tUm. F¬. Kocojv Ipam¿ tUm. F≥. tKm]m-e-Ir-jvW≥ Kpcp-hm-bq¿ aWn-kzman
kw`m-h\ Iq∏¨ DZvLm-S\w Xncp-thm-W-]q-°fw imkvXmw-]m v