Air Flow Presentation 0218

Managing Your Infrastructure……The Smart Way

Converting Chaos into OrderConverting Chaos into Order

Data Center Air Flow SolutionsData Center Air Flow Solutions

© Wright Line LLC, 2007Confidential and Proprietary 2

Managing Your Infrastructure……The Smart

WayManaging Your Infrastructure……The Smart Way

Agenda

• Industry Trends and Findings

• Data Center Issues

• Wright Line Strategies

• Wight Line Product Solutions– Air Flow Management Products (Wright Line and Vendor Neutral)

• Heat Containment

• Isle Containment

• Independent Containment




Industry Findings and Trends

• Power consumption is so significant that accommodating the increase in IT power consumption over the next five years will require the U.S. to construct 10 major power plants. If current trends continue, we will need another 20 between 2010 and 2015. That’s 30 power plants that need to be built just to accommodate the growth within IT power.

» Source: Uptime Institute

• Forecasts indicate that unless energy efficiency is improved beyond current trends, the federal government’s electricity cost for servers and data centers could be nearly $740 million annually by 2011, with a peak load of approximately 1.2 GW.

» Source: Report to Congress on Server and Data Center Energy Efficiency Public Law 109-431

» U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ENERGY STAR Program , August 2, 2007




Industry Findings and Trends• People think that a $2,500 server is so cheap you don’t have to worry

about it. But over three years, the cost of electricity nearly equals the cost of the server and that’s without the Capital Expenditure for building the data center or the cost of running it.

» Source: Uptime Institute

• All data centers should optimize air flow, but this step is especially effective in legacy data centers where air flow management was not considered at build-out or where current implementation is conventional hot-aisle cold-aisle set-up. In these arrangements there is poor separation between the cold supply and hot return airstreams. Creating a physical barrier separating hot and cold airstreams to provide the highest degree of separation. Any of three approaches—cold aisle containment, hot aisle containment, and rack containment could provide the physical separation with each one offering its own advantages and limitations.

» Source: Silicon Valley Leadership Group

• Business will continue to look for ways to reduce data center operational costs. Data Center Energy Consumption has reached the CEO’s desk and will continue to become a strategic issue.

» Source: McKinzey Report




Industry Findings and Trends• Data Center Facilities Reducing Data Center Power Consumption

– Data Center Power Consumption is Getting More Important • As a major concern power consumption/conservation increased from 48% to

55%

• The behavior concerning power consumption has begun to change – "When the power bill gets really significant, it ends up on the CEO's desk. "When he

sees that the biggest user is IT, IT has to deal with it."

– Still 28% of survey respondents don't know whether their power bill has increased or decreased – though this is an improvement over the 36% who didn't know lastyear.

– For the respondents who are paying attention, a majority see major increases in the power bill for their data centers. 44% have seen an increase, and 19% say the increase is greater than 10%.

• Hot Aisle/Cold Aisle Containment -- the practice of sealing hot aisles and cold aisles in a data center –gained traction in 2009

• Some data centers do hot-aisle and cold-aisle containment themselves, and some buy a system from a provider, such as Wright Line, APC and Liebert

• Containment really wasn't on the radar until late last year, but already 30% of respondents have implemented it, and an additional 15% plan to next year

• The cold-aisle containment strategy is slightly more popular with respondents than is hot-aisle or plenum containment

Source: Uptime Institute

2009 Data Center Survey





• Increasing Computer Room Air Conditioner Performance– ASHRAE TC9.9 and Ambient Conditions

• Dry Bulb Temperature 68 to 77 Degree Fahrenheit– The trick is there is usually a range of temperatures, not one temperature

• 40 – 55% RH at Air Inlet

• It’s all about the Delta T (^T) – 30 Ton Units are Not Really 30 Ton Units. It’s 30 Tons at some operating

conditions

• Examples• A 30 Ton nominal,downflow, chilled water CRAC unit may have a sensible

capacity of 27 Tons at 72 degrees, but only 23 Tons when operated at 68 degrees. 18% more capacity at the higher operating temperature!

• Capturing return air at a higher temperature allows for a higher Delta T and increase performance.

• 88 degrees entering the CRAC will produce 30 Tons. A 30% improvement!

Source: Data Center Journal





• Increasing Chiller Temperature Yields Significant Savings

– “Normally, for centrifugal compressor-based chillers, an increase of one

degree in the chilled water supply temperature can increase the

operational efficiency of the chiller by 1 to 2 percent. If a chiller can

supply chilled water at 55°F, it will be approximately 15 to 30 percent

more efficient than when it produces chilled water at 40°F (cooler).”

Source: Dr. Tengfang Xu

June 15, 2005,

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory




Problems In The Data Center

• Legacy Designs or Lack Thereof

• Conventional Designs that did not Anticipate Shifts in Technology

• On-Going Changes That Effect The Dynamics Of The Data Center

• 24X7X365 Uptime

• Lack Of Funding - On-Going Capital & Operational Expenses

– Doing More With Less

• Perceived and Real Risks

• Usually Number One Problem from an Immediate Need:– Heat and Power ( I have enough cooling, but I still have heat

problems and we are running out of power.)




Current State of Most Data Centers Regarding Air Flow Management

• Over Provisioned Air Cooling Adding To Cost• Yet Cooling Is Still A Problem

– 90% Of Data Centers Have Enough or Too Much Cooling

– 60% Of The Cool Air Is Wasted Due To:• Air Mixing

• Air Stratification

• Bypass Air

– Why The Problem?• Traditional Data Center Designs are not Predictable and Consistent

• Technological Changes That Were Not Planned or Anticipated

• Immediate Business Needs Creating Short Term Solutions Without Consideration to Efficiency

• The Cost Of Running A Data Center Has Reached The Radar of CEOs and

C Level Executives– CapEx and OpEx Expenses

– Green Initiatives




The “Four Temps”: Do you have chaos cooling?

• Supply Path ∆T

µT4-µT1= Supply losses and

entitlement for cooling performance gain

• Return Path ∆T

µT3-µT2= Return losses and entitlement for efficiency gain




Wright Lines Answers To Technical and Business Objectives

• Wright Line Can Help Clients Reduce Capital & Operational Expenses

– Reduce The Need For Cooling

– Reduce Heat Within The Data Center

– Increase Density Levels within Enclosures and Increase Floor Space

– Implement A More Predictable Environment

– Maximize Existing Infrastructure Investments• Cooling

• Power

• Floor Space

• Less or Lack of Disruption

• Stranded Assets




Wright Line Methodology

• Analyze the Current Environment - Planning

– Industry Specifications: PUE, DCiE

– Utilizing Modeling Tools (CFD)

– Utilizing Practical “ Horse Sense”

• How much power and AC do I need now and the foreseeable future?

• Can the current data center be adapted to the new technology?

• What are the biggest pay backs?

• What is the best phased approach to move forward?

• Our Solutions Utilize Services and Enabling Technology

– Provides a Road Map To Achieve the Technological and Business Objectives to Provide The Fastest ROI That Is Practical In Your Environment




Why Chaos Cooling in a Data Center?

• Legacy cooling designs employ an open supply and return air methodology that drives mixing of both supply and return air streams

• Cool air in a legacy data center is used for many purposes

• Cool IT equipment

• Keep warm air away from IT inlets

• Move warm air toward the return system

• Minor changes in any element of the data center create unpredictable behavior which decreases reliability




How Does Chaos Manifest Itself in the Data Center?

• Recirculation of air from IT equipment exhaust finds its way to IT inlet and can reduce server performance and even cause servers to stop working

• Air stratification is the layering of different temperature air masses and forces set points of precision cooling equipment to be lower than recommended

• Bypass Air is the remixing of cool supply air that directly enters the return air stream and drives down precision cooling efficiencies

To prevent processing impact, data centers produce significantly more cold air than is required for IT

devices




Recirculation

• Hot air exhaust circulating back into its own intake can cause device thermal overload.

• Typical manufacturer inlet temperature threshold for device operations is 95°F.

• Exceeding manufacturers’operating device threshold can lead to unplanned computing system outages and data loss.




Temperature Stratification

• Significant gradient of air temperatures beyond ASHRAE TC9.9 places devices at risk of thermal overload

• Maintaining inlet temperature gradients within the ASHRAE recommended range significantly saves energy

ASHRAE TC9.9

Manufacturer

Specification

Device Inlet

Temperature

Range (64.4 - 80.6)ºF (50 - 95)ºF




Re-Mixing Air Streams – Bypass Airflow

• Jet stream of high-velocity air has enough momentum to completely bypass the front of the IT rack which creates bypass airflow

• Significant efficiencies and cost savings can be realized by eliminating bypass airflow.




Converting Chaos into Order

• Four Types of Solutions Can Be Employed – Rack-based Heat Containment

– Cold Aisle Containment

– Hot Aisle Containment

– Independent Containment

• Two phases exist for each type– Partial Containment

– Total Containment

• Two methods for implementation exist– Integrated to the Rack

– Independent to the Rack

A variety of site-based constraints and consumer preferences can drive the best selection




Wright Line’s Evolution of Airflow Management

Rear Fan

Doors Fan and Duct system

2000 20011996

1st Gen. HCS

1997 1998 1999 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

2nd Gen. HCS Aisle Containment


Control Chaotic CoolingControl Chaotic Cooling

Wright LineWright Line

ProductsProducts


Basic Data CenterBasic Data Center

Low Level SolutionsLow Level Solutions




Wright Line Product Solutions• First Steps

– Seal Up The Room and Racks– Maximize Air Flow and Redirect Air

• Blanking Panels

Seal Up The FloorKoldlock

• Universal Air Seal Kits




Paramount High Flow Doors Front and Back

© Wright Line LLC, 2007 23

• High Flow Doors offer exceptional airflow with 75% perforation – a 19% increase over industry standard

• Unique perforation pattern results in a reduction of raw material consumption by over 60% - a ‘green’ benefit

• Doors feature tool-less door removal, a brushed aluminum door pull and a variety of locks





RackRack--BasedBased

Heat ContainmentHeat Containment




Heat Containment• Wright Lines Heat Containment

System Features:– Scalable Heat Containment –

Implement heat containment with minimal interruption to operations by building up from existing enclosures

– Increased Rack Capacity – By isolating the heat from the cold supply air, you can load over 25kW of equipment in an enclosure

– Save White Space – No additional air conditioners or other space consuming equipment required

– Increase CRAC Cooling Efficiency – All cold supply air used primarily to cool IT equipment and hot air exhaust is direct back to the CRAC intake at a higher ∆T. Great for your “green initiatives”.

– Create a Predictable Environment – By actively controlling and normalizing supply temperature, you can eliminate recirculation and stratification.

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What is Rack-based Heat Containment

• Stage 1- A Chimney structure that mounts directly to a top rear of IT Rack Allows hot air to rise directly to high stratification layers

• Stage 2 - Connects the exhaust air directly back to the Return Air path of typical air conditioning systems

• Can be passive or may be an activeconfiguration with implementation of fans in the chimney

– Active control of fans based on temperature or pressure




Rack Based Containment In A Data Center

• Flexibility In Regards to Traditional Hot and Cold Isle Configurations

- Maximize White Space- Working with Space Constraints- Integrating HCS with Current Infrastructure- Reducing CapEx and OpEx



WayManaging Your Infrastructure……The Smart Way © Wright Line LLC, 2009

Legacy Challenges – Lighting, Cabling & Power

• Rack-based containment allows for standard cable and wiring best practices

• Can be retro-fitted in the field without interruption of processing equipment

• Custom configurations available




Overhead Flexibility




Heat Containment - Wright Line and 3rd Party Enclosures Addressing Flexibility and Investment Protection

- Maximize Existing Infrastructure Investments

- Minimize Disruptions- As your applications grow or you

consolidate servers, cooling capacity can be increased simply by modifying the doors, side panels and tops of your enclosure system. The base enclosure remains the same, lowering your Total Cost of Ownership (TCO).




Paramount Tower of Cool™

For applications where a full HCS deployment is unnecessary, the patented Tower of Cool, which utilizes High Delta Temperature Cooling (HDTC), can be a perfect alternative. The Tower of Cool efficiently cools 10kW of equipment within 44U, by incorporating the building air conditioning system and the enclosure into one closed-loop cooling system. The Tower of Cool is also the perfect solution for providing supplemental spot cooling in legacy data centers.

By preventing stratified air from entering the top of the enclosure, the Tower of Cool distributes cold air which allows equipment to run at lower temperatures, resulting in increased hardware reliability.

The Tower of Cool, using specialized doors and

fans, captures cold air from the raised floor

plenum and distributes it throughout the rack.




Airflow Manager for Switches and Routers

Features

- Helps eliminate overheating of network racks and other nearby equipment by allowing front to rear airflow through the switch or router

- Improves efficiency by preventing hot exhaust air from mixing with cold intake air.

- Allows the switch or router assembly to be mounted facing the front or rear of the enclosure.

- Resolves the difficult issue of how to mount a switch or Router with unique airflow requirements


Cold and Hot Aisle Cold and Hot Aisle

ContainmentContainment




What is Cold Aisle Containment?

• Stage I – Partial Containment:

– Typically configured with a set of End of Row Doors and the installation of Blanking Panels in all open IT U space

• Stage 2 – Total Containment:

– Incorporates the Aisle Ceiling structure which spans the aislefrom the front of one row of racks to the front of the opposing row of racks

Why Implement Cold Aisle Containment?• Save Energy – Reduce your cold air supply in an open

environment with reduction or elimination of hot and cold air mixing

• Provide Predictability – By reducing or eliminating re-mixing of hot and cold air in a dynamic data center environment




Cold Aisle Containment Challenges• The temperature in the remainder of the data center may

become too hot for optimal employee productivity

• The local Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) may interpret total containment as a “room within a room” which may present additional challenges:

– Fire Detection and Fire Suppression Systems

• Reduction in thermal inertia for outage ride-through

• The clear ceilings that are utilized in the contained row may present some cleaning issues




Why Implement Hot Aisle Containment?

• All energy used to move/produce cool air is used to cool IT equipment

• Air conditioner set points can be tuned to deliver ideal inlet air temp to IT equipment and eliminate the energy from overcooling

• Warm air is sent directly back to conditioning systems increasing overall cooling performance

• Predictable air management is obtained

• Stage 1– Partial Containment:

– Configured with a set of End of Row Doors driving heat upwards to the preferred stratification layer

• Stage 2 – Total Containment

– Incorporates the Aisle Ceiling structure which spans the aisle and allows for return chimney installation

What is Independent Hot Aisle Containment?




Hot Aisle Containment Challenges

• The temperature in the hot aisle could become too hot for optimal employee productivity

• The local Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) may interpret total containment as a “room within a room” which may present additional challenges:

– Fire Detection and Fire Suppression Systems

• With ceiling space consumed with exhaust chimneys, lighting in the rows can become an issue.




Anatomy of a Contained Row

• End of Row Doors

• Aisle Ceiling (Optional)

• Integrated to the Racks

• Available for Wright Line racks or third-party racks

• Shown here in 4’ cold aisle width configuration

– Available for up to 8’ width

• Can be deployed forhot and cold aisles

– Cold Air Shown




Total Cold Aisle Containment




Aisle Containment




Cold Aisle Delivers Performance and Efficiency

Open Chaos System

Partial Containmentwith End of Row Doors

Total Containment with Doors& Ceiling




Total Containment – Hot and Cold

This illustrates a Total Containment System where both the Supply and Return Air Streams are captured to provide for a completely closed loop system. This will increase efficiencies and increase overall infrastructure capacity.




Features & Benefits:

Ease of Installation – Field-installable, rack-integrated and freestanding options available

Rack Agnostic – Flexible enough to install almost anywhere on any manufacturer's brandEnclosure

Improve Efficiency and Predictability –Increases cold air intake efficiency, from the bottom of the enclosure to the top, within the cold aisle. Decreases wasted air by as much as 70%

Variety of Door Models – Café-style doors and containment walls

Minimize Air Re-mixing – Cost-effectively minimize air mixing between the hot and cold aisle while keeping the uniform cold air supply in front of the servers for a longer period of time

Café Doors Single Swing End Door

End Of Row Doors




Features- Ease of Installation – Field-installable,

rack integrated and ceiling-integrated options available

- Rack Agnostic – Flexible enough to install almost anywhere on any manufacturer's brand enclosure

- Improve Efficiency and Predictability –Increases cold air intake efficiency, from the bottom of the enclosure to the top, within the cold aisle. Decreases wasted air by as much as 55%

- Variety of Curtain Models – Choose from various styles of curtains – from simple end of aisle containment curtains to building-integrated curtains, which can become containment walls

- Minimize Air Re-mixing – Cost-effectively minimize air mixing between the hot and cold aisle while keeping the uniform cold air supply in front of the servers for a longer period of time

End Of Row Curtains

End of Row Curtains ProvidingCold Air Containment with Rack Based Chimneys for Heat Containment




• Curtain systems exhibit substantial leakage but can provide a cost effective strategy to isolate air streams in the Data Center…better than nothing!

Simple Aisle Curtain Solution


IndependentIndependent

Hot and Cold Aisle ContainmentHot and Cold Aisle Containment




Independent Hot and Cold Aisle Added Benefits

Flexibility Finally Returns to the IT Manager

– Ability to support any Vendor IT Rack of any depth or height

– Ability to support any density anywhere on the white space

– Available Rack space unencumbered by cooling equipment in the rack rows

– Adds, Moves and change happens everyday

Cooling Performance Achieved by Facility Manager

– Efficient cooling systems cost less to operate

– Optimized designs that match cooling capacity and demand willcost less to purchase

– Predictable performance in a dynamic environment drives reliability

Yields a savings greater than 30% reduction in the energy consumed in a typical legacy data center




Independent Containment System

Fits any size rack

Vertical blanking systemmaintains containment integrity

Add Adjustable Chimneys with load

Can Be Deployed as Hot or Cold Isle Containment

Ambient lighting with clear roof

Move racks on demand

Extend aisle with load growth

End of Row Doors




Aisle Containment with Expansion Frame

- Scalability- Flexibility- Investment Protection





Features: Supports various number of racksEnd of Row Café Doors Standard Exhaust Chimneys

Vertical Blanking System Various Rack Positions and Heights

Available in Seismic Version








Summary of Wright Line’s Containment Strategies

• Wright Line Designs, Engineers and Manufacturers a Complete Portfolio of Products that Address Airflow Management Solutions within the Data Center

– Ease of Use

– Ease of Installation

– Lowest Total Cost of Ownership• Reduction in CapEx and OpEx

• Airflow Strategies – Isolate and Separate Hot and Cold Air– Total Containment

– Partial Containment

• Air Flow Products– Heat Containment

– Cold Isle Containment

– Hot Isle Containment

– Independent Containment

– Wright Line and 3rd Party Solutions




Summary of Wright Line’s Containment Strategies

• Eliminate recirculation, air stratification and bypass air.

• Create predictability in your data center.

• Road to containment can be achieved throughseveral stages.

– Main emphasis being scalable and flexible products that decrease your Total Cost of Ownership

• Collaborative approach – not a one-size-fits-all solution, every site is unique and every project is different.

• Energy savings … improves operational efficiencies.

• Increase reliability by shedding electrical loads and isolating air streams.




Wright Line Converting Chaotic Air Flow Into Order

• Thank You For Your Time• Contact Information

– Danny Newman

– Cell: 205-410-4216

– Office: 205-980-6143

– Email: [email protected]